2020 年高三英语之纠错笔记：语法填空
易错点 1 只见树木不见森林，误把细节当主题
（2019·新课标全国卷 II）Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by
herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your
business! Lunch is Bechtel’s ＂me＂ time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.
A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53
percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves. Only at
dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.
＂I prefer to go out and be out. Alone，but together，you know？＂Bechtel said，looking up
from her book. Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers
sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape
allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling
energized. ＂Today，I just wanted some time to myself，＂she said.
Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar.
He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's
on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). ＂I reflect on how my day's
gone and think about the rest of the week,＂ he said. ＂It's a chance for self-reflection, You
return to work recharged and with a plan.＂
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when
people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over. Now，
we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. ＂It doesn't feel as alone as it may
have before all the advances in technology,＂ said Laurie Demerit， whose company provided
the statistics for the report.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. The trend of having meals alone.
B. The importance of self-reflection.
C. The stress from working overtime.
D. The advantage of wireless technology.【错因分析】一篇文章都是围绕着一个中心思想或一个话题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一
是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。
通读全文可知，文章主通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多。文
章第一段通过 Marian Bechtel 独自用餐的例子引出话题，第二段介绍这份调查结果的数据，
第三段和第四段举例说明，第四段回归话题，说明人们选择独自用餐的原因
【试题解析】本文通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多，比如逃离工作氛围，
或者反思自己，但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势，故选 A。
【参考答案】 A
近几年的高考阅读理解越来越倾向于从语篇的角度考查能力，考生在做题时也要相应地转变为整体思
维，要从整体把握文章的大意，不可过于纠缠细节。利用文章的细节内容进行干扰是命题人常采用的干扰
方式，考生千万不可被其迷惑。遇到主旨大意题或是标题归纳题，切忌只见树木，不见森林。
Sally Dawly is a woman from Auburn, California. Over the last three and a half years, the
anti-littering woman has spent most of her free time picking up cigarette butts (烟头) from the
streets of her home city.
Called the ＂Butt Lady＂ by her local community, Dawly began her mission to rid the streets
of her city of cigarette butts in October, 2014. The woman looked for cigarette butts, picked
them up and threw them in the trash. To keep a count of how many butts she picks up, the Butt
Lady has been using a tablet, and earlier this month, she hit a historic milestone—one million
cigarette butts.
＂I got tired of going on my walks and seeing cigarette butts everywhere, ＂ Sally Dawly
said. ＂I’m just shocked that I had to pick up so many. I’ve ever picked up 3,000 butts in one
day,＂ she said. ＂Don’t throw away your butts; better yet, stop smoking.＂
With so many cigarette butts littering the streets, can one person’s efforts really make a
difference? Surprisingly, the answer seems to be yes. Soon after the Butt Lady of Auburn started
her mission and word of her efforts spread, cigarette cans started appearing around bars and
restaurants in the city. Members of the local community even came out to cheer her on as sheapproached her one-million-butt milestone.
Sally knows her city’s cigarette butt littering problem won’t be solved anytime soon, but
she hopes her work will inspire people to at least think twice before dropping cigarette butts in
the streets. She has decided to continue cleaning up after irresponsible smokers, and already
has a new milestone in her sights—two million cigarette butts.
Word of the Butt Lady’s efforts to keep the streets cigarette butt-free has reached
neighboring communities as well, and CBS Sacramento reports that other cities have started
seeking her help as well.
4. What is the text mainly about?
A. California’s ＂Butt Lady＂. B. Fighting against smoking.
C. Californians health problems. D. Smoking problems in California.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。众所周知，吸烟有害健康，有时候让人更加烦恼的是随处可见的烟
头。在美国加利福尼亚有这样一位＂烟头女士＂（她利用业余时间捡拾烟头，并在最近捡到了第 100
万个烟头！）。
【解析】主旨大意题。本文讲了来自加利福尼亚州的一位女士在业余时间捡起了一百万个烟头，并且获得
了＂烟头女士＂的称号的故事，故 A 项最恰当。
【答案】A
易错点 2 主观臆断，忽视逻辑
Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They
choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookCrossing.com turns
the page on the traditional idea of a book group.
Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share.
BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves
it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with
each new reader who finds it.
Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, ＂The two things that change
your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.＂Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops.
Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.
People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it.
E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have
been found. Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to
gather dust on a shelf at home.
BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the ＂real＂ and
not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred
thirty-five countries.
29. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?
A. To explain what they are.
B. To introduce BookCrossing.
C. To stress the importance of reading.
【错因分析】考生容易做错的原因是忽视本题上下文的逻辑关系和所涉及的相关信息，单一地、孤立地分
析某句内容从而不能全面总结。
【试题解析】本文属于说明文，介绍了 BookCrossing.com 所进行的分享图书活动的目的以及具体过程。
本题是目的意图题。作者在第一段中提出读书也是一种社交活动，那些参加读书小组的人经
常在一起阅读讨论所读内容，增强相互之间的理解。接着在最后一句提出 BookCrossing.com,
说明作者提到读书小组的目的正是为了介绍网站 BookCrossing.com。故 B 正确。
【参考答案】B
回归原文，重视逻辑
考生做阅读理解题的唯一依据就是文章，所有的判断都应围绕文章进行。每篇文章都是完整的语篇，上下
文之间的逻辑关系非常紧密。在做此类题时，考生需要通过上下文之间的逻辑关系揣测作者所要表达的真
正意图。
（2019﹒天津卷·D）Would you BET on the future of this man? He is 53 years old. Most of his
adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left
hand stop functioning，and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That
former prisoner was Cervantes，and the book was Don Quixote（《堂吉诃德》）. And the story poses
an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of
their days，while others go to seed long before?
We've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark. I'm not
talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can't all get there. I'm talking about people
who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and
opinions that all too often come with passing years.
Most of us，in fact，progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of
specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder.
But, if we are willing to lean, the opportunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with
the things we can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to
please, some people are never going to love us-an idea that troubles at first but is eventually
relaxing.
With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. Then we will know how
important it is to have meaning in our life. However, we can achieve meaning only if we have
made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos（自我）, whether to loved ones，
to fellow humans，to work，or to some moral concept.
Many of us equate（视……等同于）＂commitment＂ with such ＂caring＂ occupations as
teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable
commitment. People who work toward such excellence whether they are driving a truck, or
running a store-make the world better just by being the kind of people they are. They've learned
life's most valuable lesson.
55. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A. To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B. To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
C. To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.
D. To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.【文章大意】本文属于议论文，讲述要成功，就需要不断的学习，这样的生活才会有意义。
【解析】推理判断题。本文讲述要成功，就需要不断的学习，这样的生活才会有意义，故本文作者的目的
是为了指导我们过一个有意义的成年人生活，故选 A。
【答案】A
易错点 3 信息错位，忽视题干
Carri Kessler and her husband Will named their daughter Ottilie after a friend from the U.K.,
who helped them a lot. However, right after their baby girl was born, the couple noticed a big
problem. ＂No one could remember her name and no one could pronounce it. We’re going
to keep having to introduce her!＂ Kessler told Today.com.
The situation then grew worse as Kessler’s grandmother admitted to sticking Post-it notes
around the house to help remind her of Ottilie’s name which can be pronounced either
Ott-ill-ee or Oh-teel-ya. Three months after Ottilie was born, the Kesslers decided to legally
change their daughter’s name. The couple came up with two possible names. They then
settled on Margot after talking to a name expert.
The Kesslers’ situation is not uncommon as an increasing number of parents experience the
same as the Kesslers. According to BabyCenter Canada, 11% of its users wish they could change
their child’s name due to being overpopular, mispronounced or simply unfitting. Parents care a
lot more and think a lot more about names now than their parents.
To deal with this, a number of name experts now offer services to help parents choose the
right name. Couples have also sought help from the Internet to choose their baby’s name.
However, parents can change their child’s name in the event that they regret their choice. In
Canada, the rules vary in each province. For instance, in Ontario, the child must have lived in
the province for the past 12 months, or since birth if under the age of one. Each of the child’s
legal guardians (监护人) must also give permission.
3．What can we learn from the third paragraph?
A. The Kesslers’ experience is no exception.
B. Unfitness is the main reason for changing the name.
C.11% of Canadians are unsatisfied with their baby’s name.D. Parents always pay more attention to children’s name.
【错因分析】根据第三段中的＂due to being overpopular, mispronounced or simply unfitting＂可知，
家长想给孩子改名字的原因有名字太普通、发错音或者只是不适合，但文中并没有说不适合
是改名字的最主要原因，故可排除 B 项。根据第三段中的＂According to BabyCenter
Canada, 11% of its users wish they could change their child’s name＂可知，11%的
BabyCenter Canada 的用户想要给他们的孩子改名字，由此得不出 11%的加拿大人都对他
们孩子的名字不满意这一结论，故可排除 C 项。根据第三段中的＂Parents care a lot
more...than their parents＂可知，现在的父母对他们孩子的名字的关注度要比他们自己的父
母对自己的名字关注度高，但这并不等于说父母一直都很关注孩子的名字，故可排除 D 项。
【试题解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的＂The Kesslers’ situation is not uncommon as an
increasing number of parents experience the same as the Kesslers＂可知，Kessler 夫
妇的情况很常见，很多家长都有类似的经历，即 Kessler 夫妇的经历并非例外。故选 A。
【参考答案】 D
审清题干，锁定范围
考生在做阅读理解题时，一定要看清题干，即所问的问题是什么，切忌答非所问。更改原句词汇，偷换概
念，变换时态以及颠倒是非都是命题人经常采用的干扰方式。由于题干或选项不是照抄文章中的句子，而
是用其同意词句进行表达的，所以考生一定要仔细对照文章，做出正确判断。
（2019·北京卷·C）The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse
to pick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year，half of the calls we receive will be
scams( 欺 诈 ).We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and
developing a group of tools，apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting
through. Unfortunately, it's too little, too late. By the time these ＂solutions＂(解决方案) become
widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future，it's not just
going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question
whether the voice you're hearing is actually real.
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation (处理) and automationtechnologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use .At this year's I/O
Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing
human –sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation
without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The
reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of
data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can
easily learn your mother 's name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they're able to carry
out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means for example, that a scammer
could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds
exactly like your bank teller 's，ricking you into ＂confirming ＂ your address, mother's name,
and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is
still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice
manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and
consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.
That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when
and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards
data-based communications—using apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to
your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder from here
on out.
39. Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers can ______.
A. aim at victims precisely B. damage databases easily
C. start campaigns rapidly D. spread information widely
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。语音操作与自动化技术 出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。语音操作
和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。
【解析】细节理解题。文章中第三段中的"The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do
with amount than precision." 意为"自动语音电话令人头疼的原因，在数量和精准度两方面，与
前者关系小一些。以及第三句"A decade of data breaches of personal information has led toa situation where scammers can easily learn your mother's name, and far more."意为"通过
十几年的个人信息数据窃取，导致欺诈者能够很容易地了解你母亲的名字，以及更多信息。"通过上
述论述可以获知，利用这些新技术，欺诈者可以精准地展开欺诈。故正确答案是 A。
【答案】A
易错点 4 断章取义，忽视语篇
You may not have heard of Ashoka, but for the past 27 years, this association，founded by
Bill Drayton, has fought poverty(贫困) and sickness, promoted education and encouraged small
businesses. To support these worthy causes, Ashoka provides money for the world's most
promising＂changemakers＂ seeking to solve(解决) urgent problems and would like to create a
world in which every citizen is a changemaker.
Drayton believes that anyone can become an agent for change. The important thing is to
simply give yourself permission. If you see a problem that you care about, you can help solve it.
The young in particular are willing to accept this concept because at heart every child wants to
grow into a happy, healthy contributing adult. In fact, it is many young people's ambition to set
up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions. An excellent example is an Ashoka
project started in 1995 in Dhaka，which handled the rubbish problem facing the city, helped
local farmers and provided an income for poor people there.
When Masqsood and Iftekhar began to study the problem of all the uncollected rubbish
that lay in Dhaka's streets, attracting rats and disease, they discovered that 80% of it was natural
waste. So they educated the poor people in the city to compost(把……制成堆肥) this waste. They
knew that they would have a market for the end product because local farmers were struggling
with chemical fertilizers(化肥) which were expensive and had reduced the natural minerals in the
soil over the years. At first, they were refused, but once they were able to persuade them that
there was money to be made, the project took off. In 2009 sales were $14，000.
Drayton is optimistic that in ten years Ashoka will be making really serious, practical progress
in bringing about social change by changing the way we look at economic development.
The author's attitude towards Ashoka's programme can be described as ＂________＂．
A．changing B．forgivingC．cautious D．positive
【 错 因 分 析 】 文 章 介 绍 了 Bill Drayton 创 办 的 机 构 Ashoka ， 该 机 构 旨 在 让 每 一 个 公 民 都 成 为
changemaker。如果考生不通篇理解，只注意到文章的某些细节内容，可能误选 A 或 C。
【试题解析】文章对 Ashoka's programme—changemakers 自始至终充满着赞赏之词，显然作者对此
是持积极态度的。故选 D。
【参考答案】D
重视语境，挖掘信息
近几年的高考阅读理解题中出现了不少夹叙夹议类文章，或者是先叙述后议论、或者在叙述中夹有议论，
无论是哪种类型的文章，作者都不直接表明自己的观点或态度，而是将自己的情感贯穿于文章之中。考生
在做题过程中，要从语篇的角度推断作者的情感。遇到猜测词义或句意类试题，考生要依据上下文进行综
合推断，不宜只根据某一处细节或某个句子下结论。
Why College Is Not Home
The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and
the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of
adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult
responsibilities.
For previous generations, college was decisive break from parental control; guidance and
support needed help from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades,
however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cellphones, email
and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with
coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family
to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should
provide the same environment as that of the home.
To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of
exploration and experimentation. This process involves ＂ trying on ＂ new ways of thinkingabout oneself both intellectually(在思维方面) and personally. While we should provide ＂safe
spaces＂ within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority
views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.
Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群
体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely
on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the
challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.
Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up
against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders.
If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined( 规 定 ) and controlled, the insensitive or
aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.
It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are
reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national
emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy
and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be
replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.
Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should
include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation,
of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.
1. What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?
A. Sympathetic B. Disapproving
C. Supportive D. Neutral
【 解 析 】 根 据 第 一 段 ＂ The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in
autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However...＂可知，作者认为，大
学不应该成为孩子们依赖的＂家庭＂，说明作者不赞成父母继续指导上大学的孩子，故选 B。
【答案】A
高考阅读理解试题解题误区
第一大误区，阅读文章时逐字逐句，力争读懂每一句话。很多同学都觉得阅读理解时间不够，往往是采用的这种阅读方法。在高考或者我们平时高考模拟考试中，
英语阅读一共应分配的时间是 35 分钟。平均每篇文章 7 分钟，那么这每篇文章的 7 分钟又应该大致如何分
配呢？我问过一些中学生同学，不少同学都认为文章读 5 分钟，题做两分钟。他们的理由很简单，读完这
样一篇高考文章，没个 5 分钟不太可能。
那么我可以肯定的说，花 5 分钟读文章的同学 2 分钟绝对做不完题。于是在考试中这些同学只得采取
牺牲写作文的时间这样一种拆东墙补西墙的方法以求在阅读上多拿分。这样的做法往往收效甚微，感觉时
间不够的同学很多时候是因为采取了错误的阅读方法，这样的话即使补进去 10 来分钟时间，其实也不见得
能多拿几分。一场考试下来，同学发现英语阅读错了很多，开始反思的时候，会这样想，我是阅读速度太
慢，文章没有读懂，我应该继续努力提高我的英文水平，争取下次考试能把文展轻松读懂。
这样一个努力方向是不现实的，就高考文章而言，要在 7 分钟内把文章读的清楚明白，还要把题作对，
基本是一个不可能任务。而且出题人也根本没指望一个中学生能把高考阅读文章读的通通透透。高考阅读
主要考查的是同学们两方面的能力，一个是把握文章主旨大意，另一方面是把握文章的某些细节。考纲中
说阅读理解测试学生好几方面的能力，其实都可以归到这两类里，它不过写到更具体一些而已，比如＂根
据所读材料进行一定的判断、推理和引申＂，这些推理引申不是没有根据的，其根据也只能根据两点，要
么文章主旨，要么文章某个细节。
因此根据高考阅读考查的特点，我们在读文章时不是应该每个细节都不放过的去读，而是应该读文章
的结构，读出结构，主旨题就能解决，而其他细节题再回文章定位做出。平时我们在复习的过程中就要
注意了，我们读文章时要读文章的结构，不要在细节上做过多的纠缠。高考文章中的说明文占的比重较
大，难度也大，而偏偏是这类文章结构鲜明，同学们应该注意把握。我们把阅读的重点转移到文章结构
之后，建立起正确的时间分配方法就不是难事了，那就是读文章 3 分钟，做题 4 分钟。其实你熟悉了把
握结构这种读文章的方式之后，3 分钟足够你把握文章的大致结构。
第二个误区，读文章时断章取义。
这个误区实际是第一个误区的延伸，就是同学对文章缺乏大局观，仅仅根据本段来理解本段。比如这
样一篇文章，后面有道题问的是段落主旨。我们把其他段的大意翻译出来，只留下一二两段：
1、One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some day get lost in a ＂sea of
technology ＂ rather than experiencing the natural world. Fear-producing TV and computer
games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors, which will
changes the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults
get working on child’s play.2、Each of us has a place in nature we go sometime, even if it was torn down. We cannot be
the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors
will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. ＂If the decline in parks use continues
across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment（蚕食）?＂ asks Richard Louv,
author of Last Child in the Woods.
3. 接近自然好处多。
4. 不是孩子的错。
5. 每个人都有责任来让孩子重返自然。
题目：The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that___
A. kids are missing the sense of wonder outdoors
B. parks are in danger of being gradually encroached
C. Richard Louv is the author of Last Child in the woods
D. children are expected to develop into protector of nature
这个题目正确答案是 D，而很多考生误选了 A。纠其原因，就是根据本段理解本段，没能体会这个段
落在文章中的作用。这篇文章结构很清晰，先讲了一个现象（孩子脱离自然），然后表明了自己的态度，最
后提出解决方案。好了，文章很明显的是，第一段讲了现象，第三段讲了态度，第 4、5 段讲解决方案。那
问题就出来了，第二段它要干吗，是做为第一段的延续把这个现象更一步描述呢，还是表明了作者的态度，
并引出了第三段的阐述？这样就能看出第 2 段文章的主旨了，它不是在描述现象，它是在讲作者的态度，
表明了作者对孩子脱离自然后果的担忧；四个选项就只有 D 是最合适的，表明了作者的态度，孩子们应该
要成长成为大自然的保护者。
第三个误区，深究生词和难句。
高考考纲规定高考阅读中超纲词可占 3％－5％，同学们背纲内词也会有盲点，在加上英语当中有很多
抽象的词汇不好理解，我们在考试中遇到不理解的词的情况时有发生。有些词不影响我们对文章结构的把
握，细节题也没有考到，这样的词可以勇敢的跳过，在考场上没必要花时间去仔细琢磨。句子也是一样，
我们关注的只是跟主旨相关的，以及后面题目考到的那些句子。于是就有这样一种情况，这个词这个句子
考到了我又不理解那怎么办。那就根据上下文来猜测即可。
第四个误区：＂选好了就不能再改，一改就会错。＂
做完一篇阅读后，必须花半分钟左右检查一下，看是否勾错选项，是否自己选的选项本身就是矛盾的，
是否每个答案都能在文中找到了映射等等。
如果感觉有一道题目自己第一遍做错了，检查后想改，怎么办呢？很简单：对比两个选项间的映射，哪个选项映射的观点在文中表达得更清晰（比如，选项就是文中某一观点的另一种说法），哪个选项的结论
更合乎作者的思维和推理方式，哪个选项的内容更接近主题中心而不是针对某一细节，那就应该选哪个选
项。
事实上，避免不敢对已经做了的选择的答案进行修改的最有效的方法，是在第一遍做题的时候就仔细
分析选项在文章中的映射。没有完全把握的题目可以放一放，等做完其它小题时你对全文已经有了全局的
把握，再回头思考这个问题，可能更容易做出选择。
第五个误区：＂先读文章，然后才做题。＂
考场上分秒必争，但一篇三四百字的文章考的问题往往只有 5 个，很多信息是多余的，过两眼就行；
而有的一个单词却牵连数个选项，就得研究上下文，找出对应的关键词，然后参考题目认真加以分析。
从经验来看，做阅读理解题时，基本要用十几秒时间迅速浏览，弄清文章的主题是什么，比如环境保
护、求职、医疗等等。再找到关键词，然后用一分钟读文章后的题目，了解问题是什么。有了文章的关键
词，又知道了提问的主要问题，再回过头读文章时效率就比较高了。
而在浏览完考题之后，一定要细读文章，对题目涉及到的段落、句子做简单标记，接着要仔细分析每
个题目在文中的映射，再做出选择。最后，可以结合文章中心上下检查一遍，一个完整的解题顺序就完
成了。
做阅读理解是慢功出细活，不要妄想有什么捷径，只要＂闯＂过这几大误区，就能取得更好的成绩。
高考阅读的基本解题思路：
第一，扫描提干，划关键项。
第二， 通读全文，抓住中心。
1. 通读全文，抓两个重点：
①首段（中心句、核心概念常在第一段，常在首段出题）；
②其他各段的段首和段尾句。（其他部分略读，有重点的读）
2. 抓住中心，用一分半时间思考 3 个问题：
①文章叙述的主要内容是什么？
②文章中有无提到核心概念？
③作者的大致态度是什么？
第三，仔细审题，返回原文。（仔细看题干，把每道题和原文的某处建立联系，挂起钩）
定位原则：
①通常是由题干出发，使用寻找关键词定位原则。（关键词：大写字母、地名、时间、数字等）②自然段定位原则。出题的顺序与行文的顺序是基本一致的，一般每段对应一题。
要树立定位意识，每一题、每一选项都要回到原文中某一处定位。
第四，重叠选项，得出答案。（重叠原文=对照原文）
1. 通过题干返回原文：判断四个选项，抓住选项中的关键词，把选项定位到原文的某处比较，重叠选
项，选出答案。
2.作题练习要求：要有选一个答案的理由和其余三个不选的理由
阅读理解的解题技巧
1.例证题 ：
① 例证题的标记。当题干中出现 example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify 时。
② 返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。
③ 搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子周围具有概括抽象性的表
达通常就是它的论点。
注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。举例后马上问这个例子说明了什么问题？不
能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。
④ 找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。
⑤ 例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。
即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。（╳）
要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪开始到哪结束。
2.指代题 ：
① 返回原文，找出出题的指代词。
② 向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子（先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不
会离得太远）。
③ 将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。
④ 将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。
3. 词汇题 ：＂搜索代入＂法
① 返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。
② 确定该词汇的词性
③ 从上下文（词汇的前后几句）中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词（如一下子找不到就再往上往下找），代入所给词汇在文章中的位置（将之替换）看语义是否合适
④ 找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，即答案
注意：
a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。
b.高考阅读不是考查字认识不认识，而是考查是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。
c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。注意不能靠单词词义直接往下推。
d.寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点（比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是形式上的并列就是语义上
的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一句话的意思来推测另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇
含义）、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如：让猜一个名词词组（动词词组）的意思，
我们就向上向下搜索名词词组（动词词组）。
隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。隐蔽型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做
法几乎一样，往上往下找。
4.句意理解题 ：
① 返回原文找到原句。
② 对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析（找主干），应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若该句的字面含义不能确
定，则依据上下文进行判断。注意：局部含义是由整体决定的。
③ 一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。
④ 句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。
思路： 对句子微观分析? 不行就依据上下文? 选择时不要推得过远。
5.推理判断题 ：＂最近原则＂
① 标志： learn, infer, imply, inform
② 看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题无
论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。
③ 依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。先不要进行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选
项必然是正确答案。推理题不是考查我们的想象力，它实际是考查我们原文中的某几个点如一个、两个点
所涉及的问题我们读透了没有。因此，不推的比推的好；推的近的比推的远的要好。
④ 推理题的最近答案原则：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好。
(原文的某句话变个说法)注意：做题时不能想得太多，推得过远。是否把原文读懂才是关键。
6.主旨大意题 ： ＂串线摘帽＂
即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。
① 主旨题的标志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title
② 串线法：抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意总结性的提示词和转折词，
特别要注意中心句。（主要针对自然段少的文章；针对自然段多的文章，主旨题最好联系中心句。找一个和
中心句最贴近的）
③ 小心首段陷阱。
④ 主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是：
⑴ 局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容；
⑵ 范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。
⑤逆向思维法、快速作文法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果
自己以此选项来写文章会有那些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
7. 作者态度题 ：
① 标志：attitude
② 应精确理解四个选项的含义。
③ 不要掺杂自己的观点。
④ 可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词。如：fortunately, excessively, too many.
⑤ 举例的方式。
⑥ 抓论述的主线。把第一段读透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出来，看整个文章的谋篇结构。
⑦ 做作者态度题时特别注意：首先看清楚是谁对谁的态度。
8.推理 判断题 ：
①看可否通过四个选项具体化到文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。
②每个选项都应返回原文，不能凭主观印象进行判断。
③要重点抓是＂三错一对＂还是＂三对一错＂的关系（做题是要看清题目）。
9. 细节理解题 ：
看完题目回到原文，重叠原文，得出答案
10.重点题型中的几个问题：① 词义猜测题：字面意思不是答案，要根据上下文推测其深刻含义
② 句意理解题：一般不要求推理，只看句子本身。
③ 推理判断题：答案很大程度上是原文的重现，不一定非要经过逻辑推理从原文中得出。
11. 正确答案的特征：
① 正确答案经常与中心思想有关。
② 正确答案的位置，最常见的三个位置是：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。
③ 正确答案经常运用的原则是：同义替换、正话反说、反话正说。
④ 从语气角度来看，正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。如：can, may, might,
possible, not necessarily, some.
⑤ 正确答案经常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。
12. 错误答案的特征：
第一大层次：
① 无中生有 （未提及的概念）；
② 正反混淆 （选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反）；
③ 所答非所问 （虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边）
第二大层次：
① 过分绝对；
② 扩大范围（注意隐蔽型的扩大范围 mostly）；
③ 因果倒置；
④ 常识判断；
⑤ 推得过远；
⑥ 偏离中心；
⑦ 变换词性。
常识判断：如果一个选项仅仅符合常识，不一定是正确答案，还要看文章中类似的意思有没有出现；如果
一个选项不符合常识，一定不是正答案。能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了
这些技巧。
Passage 1（2019·新课标全国卷 I·A）Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find
summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools
available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合 条
件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to
$3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource
management projects for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December
31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a
variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and
community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or
up to 29 for persons with a disability.
21. What is special about Summer Company?
A. It requires no training before employment.
B. It provides awards for running new businesses.
C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D. It offers more summer job opportunities.
22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15-29. D. 16-17.
23. Which program favors the disabled?
A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company.
C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
【语篇解读】本文为应用文。省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生暑期在找到工作。
21.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据 Summer Company 部分中的＂Summer Company provides students
with ...awards of up to ＄ 3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses ＂ 可 知 ＂
Summer Company 为学生提供高达 3000 美元的奖励，来开始和经营他们自己的暑期业务＂。＂start
and run their own summer businesses＂即＂为开办新的业务＂，这对应 B 项中的＂runn new
businesses＂，二者是词义之间的转述关系。故选 B。
22.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据 Stewardship Youth Ranger Program 部分中的第二段＂Who is eligible:
Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.＂可
知＂符合条件的学生：16 岁或 17 岁的学生，但在今年 12 月 31 日之前未满 18 岁＂。由此得出，这
个项目要求年龄在 16-17 岁之间。分析选项可知 D 项符合题意，故选 D。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据 Summer Employment Opportunities 部分中的最后一段最后一句＂Who
is eligible: ...Some positions require students to be 15to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a
disability＂,可知 Summer Employment Opportunities 有些职位是给残疾人的。分析选项可知，D
项符合题意，故选 D。
Passage 2（2019·新课标全国卷 I·B）
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right
now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he
seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s, nervous.＂I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…＂Chris trips on
the＂-ld,＂a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas
Whaley ,is next to him, whispering support.＂…Vote for …me …＂Except for some stumbles, Chris
is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest
of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley
recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year,when called upon to read，Chris would excuse
himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a
great teacher who lets you make mistakes. ＂It takes a lot for any student，＂ Whaley explains，＂
especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough
to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’＂
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked
the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The
answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and
speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.
＂Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,＂ Whaley says，＂is very difficult for a child
who came into the classroom not feeling confident.＂
24. What made Chris nervous？
A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question.
25. What does the underlined word ＂stumbles＂ in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.
26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding.
【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，讲述 Thomas Whaley 为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了
一个演讲课程。
24. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段 today is speech day 和本段最后一句 with shining dark eyes, he
seems like the kind of kids who would enjoy public speaking. 以及第二段第一句 But he’s
nervous.可知，Chris 眼睛黑亮，似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很紧张，故可知 Chris
是因为做演讲紧张，故选 B。
25. A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段 ＂I’m here to tell you today why you should…should…＂Chris trips on the ＂-ld＂, a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.
以及后文 except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well 可知, Chris 发 ld 比较困难，
这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是一个困难，总体来说 Chris 做得出奇的好。根据前文可知，ld
发音不准，因此有些结巴，停顿得不准，故选 A。
26. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Whaley says the project is about more than just learning
to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.以及最
后一段 ＂boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,＂ Whaley says, ＂is very difficult
for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.＂可知，这个课程不仅仅教孩
子阅读以及公共演讲，还要让孩子学会夸耀自己，而夸耀自己对于那些进入教室没有信心的学生来
说很困难，故可知，Whaley 老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势增加信心，故选 A。
27. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential
campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they
thought they could never be a president.和最后一段 He wants these kids to learn to boast
about themselves 可知，当他有一天问学生认为自己当不了总统请举手的时候，想到了一个想法，
这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。humorous 幽默
的， ambitious 有雄心壮志的；caring 关心的；demanding 要求高的。故选 C。
Passage 3（2019·北京卷·B）
I Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business
AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention
of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth，instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a
candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore
was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, ＂Why can't I make
a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?＂ With that in
mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that
she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting
trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to
learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only
using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her
father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell
Moore's product-Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is
enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might
bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.
Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore
wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's
profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit
for Alice Moore.
34. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?
A. She argued with him. B. She tried to find a way out.
C. She paid no attention. D. She chose to consult dentists.
35. What is special about CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial to dental health. B. It is free of sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than other candies. D. It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
36. What does Moore expect from her business?
A. To earn more money. B. To help others find smiles.
C. To make herself stand out. D. To beat other candy companies.
37. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Alice Moore，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉
我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。
34. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的 But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired
to get round the warning, ＂Why can’t I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth
so that my parents can't say no to it? ＂及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫 CanCandy 的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路。故选 B。
35. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的 Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy
only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.可知，因此，这种糖只使用天
然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选 A。
36. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的 Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find
their smiles.可知，Moor 想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑容。故选 B。
37. C 【解析】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了 Moor 的创业故事，她之所以能成功源于面对问题和困难时，
她乐观的看待问题，积极的想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行
动会带来成功。故选 C。
Passage 4（2019·江苏卷·D）
The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer’s(阿尔楚海默症).
He was losing his memory.
A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only
musician in his family. Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside the
family.
Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep
catch night when she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist to work with
her father.
Naomi, Melissa’s best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed
willingness to help.
＂Why do this?＂ Steve wondered.
＂Because she cares.＂ Melissa said.
Steve nodded, tears in eye.
Naomi drove to the Goodwin home. She told Steve she’d love to hear him play. Steve
moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on
the keys.
Naomi put a small recorder near the piano, Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses,
heart sinking. But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
＂It was beautiful.＂ Naomi said after listening to the recording. ＂The music was worth
saving.＂Her responsibility, her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was still in Steve Goodwin. It
was bidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
Naomi and Steve met every other week and spent hours together. He’d move his fingers
clumsily on the piano, and then she’d take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in
his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being
played by someone else.
Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a
song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn’t play it.
Working with Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could write
one last song. One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a recording, a recording of
loss and love, of the fight. Steve called it ＂Melancholy Flower＂.
Naomi heard multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni called
him ＂honey＂ and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said
he was quitting. Joni praised him, telling her husband this could be his signature piece.
Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve’s favorite, and most personal songs. With
Naomi’s help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve’s
songs. Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn’t.
In the months leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi
told the director she had a special one in mind: ＂Melancholy Flower＂
She told the director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the
playing list. But Naomi would have to ask Steve’s permission. He considered it an honor.
After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve’s music was beautiful and professional.
It needed to be shared in public.
The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the
day of the show, more than 300 people had said they would attend.
By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He
knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded.
Naomi took the stage. Her fingers. His heart.
65. Why did Melissa want to save her father’s music?A. His music could stop his disease from worsening.
B. She wanted to please her dying old father.
C. His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D. She wanted to make her father a professional.
66. After hearing Steve’s playing, Naomi ________.
A. refused to make a comment on it
B. was deeply impressed by his music
C. decided to free Steve from suffering
D. regretted offering help to her friend
67. How can the process of Steve’s recording be described?
A. It was slow but productive.
B. It was beneficial to his health.
C. It was tiresome for Naomi.
D. It was vital for Naomi’s career.
68. Before Steve finished ＂Melancholy Flower,＂ his wife Joni _______.
A. thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted
B. didn’t expect the damage the disease brought about
C. didn’t fully realize the value of her husband’s music
D. brought her husband’s music career to perfection
69. How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland？
A. He felt concerned about his illness.
B. He sensed a responsibility for music.
C. He regained his faith in music.
D. He got into a state of quiet.
70. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. The Kindness of Friends B. The Power of Music
C. The Making of a Musician D. The Value of Determination
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的老人录制音乐的故事，
其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。
65.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Steve 的专业软件工程，还是一个钢琴的热爱者，是家里唯一的音乐家，音乐是他真正热爱的东西，尽管没有在家以外的地方弹奏过钢琴。根据第三段 Melissa,
his daughter ,felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.可知他的女儿 Melissa 觉得保存他
的音乐很有价值，故选 C。
66.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第十段 ＂it was beautiful,＂ Naomi said after listening to the
recording. ＂ the music was worth saving.＂可知，听了录音之后 Naomi 说很美，值得保存，
故可以得出 Naomi 对 Steve 的音乐印象深刻，故选 B。
67.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第十二段 He’d move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then
she’d take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.以及第十三段
Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to
end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it, he just couldn’t play it.可知，Steve 会笨拙
地把手指放在钢琴上，然后 Naomi 把手指放在他放的地方，并且 Steve 努力解释脑海里的内容，所
有的这些，都是 Naomi 在弹奏，而 Steve 在听，故可知这个录制过程很慢。根据第十六段 Naomi
managed to figure out 16 of Steve’s favorite, and most personal songs.可知作品很多。故选
A。
68.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第十六段 Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn’t. 以及后
文 Steve 取得的成就可知在完成 Melancholy Flower 之前，他的妻子还没完全意识到丈夫的音乐的
真正价值，故选 C。
69.D【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family
he was at peace.可知，他知道自己一生要选择的路，告诉家人他很平静，故可知，家乡的音乐会
让他重新坚定了对音乐的信念，故选 D。
70.B 【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的人录制音乐的故事，其录制
过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。B 项＂音乐的力量＂概括了全
文内容，是最佳标题。故选 B。
Passage 5（2019·浙江卷·A）
Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military(军队的) medals for sale in antique
stores and on the Internet. But unlike most collectors, Zac tracks down the medals’ rightful
owners, and returns them.
His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a
Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac knows the
meaning of a Purple Heart-he earned one himself in a war as a soldier. So when his mother gavehim the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.
Through the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado’s sister Adeline Rockko. But when he
finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: ＂Who are you？What antique
shop？＂ However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she
called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove to meet Zac in Watertown, N.Y. ＂At that
point, I knew she meant business, ＂ Zac says. ＂To drive eight hours to come to see me.＂
The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for
the Army during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.
Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn’t realized the medal was missing. Like many military
medals, the one Zac’s mother had found was a family treasure.＂ This medal was very precious
to my parents. Only on special occasions(场合)would they take it out and let us hold it in our
hands,＂ Adeline says.
As a child, Adeline couldn't understand why the medal was so significant. ＂But as I grew
older,＂ Adeline says, ＂and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only
thing we had left.＂ Corrado Piccoli’s Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American
Civic Association in Watertown.
Zac recently returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited
Corrado’s medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.
21. Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself?
A. In the army. B. In an antique shop.
C. From his mother. D. From Adeline Rockko.
22. What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him?
A. She was very impolite. B. She was serious about the medal.
C. She suspected his honesty. D. She came from a wealthy family.
23. What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?
A. Her parents’ advice. B. Her knowledge of antiques.
C. Her childhood dream. D. Her memory of her brother.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。Zachariah Fike 有一个不同寻常的业余爱好：他在网上和古董店里寻
找旧的军队勋章，然后将这些勋章归还它们的合法主人。文章主要叙述了他这一爱好的起源。
21. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的＂Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart—he earnedone himself in a war as a soldier＂可知，当 Zac 还是一名士兵的时候，在一次战争中他获得了一
枚 Purple Heart。故 A 选项正确。
22. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的＂To drive eight hours to come to see me＂可以推知，
Adeline 为了那枚 Purple Heart 开车八个小时来见 Zac，由此可知，她对于这件事是认真地。因此，
At that point, I knew she meant business 应该指的是 Zac 意识到 Adeline 对这枚勋章是认真的。
故 B 选项正确。
23. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的＂Corrado, a translator... was killed in action in Europe＂
和倒数第三段中的＂as I grew older…and missed my brother more and more, I realized that
was the only thing we had left＂这枚勋章寄托了 Adeline 对于去世的哥哥 Corrado 的回忆和思
念，这是他们家留下的唯一关于哥哥的东西了。因此她很珍惜这枚勋章。故 D 选项正确。
Passage 6（2018·新课标卷 I，B）
Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,
but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and
nutritious meals on a tight budget.
In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef
Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5
per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of
what she’s leant into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and
Jack, 11.
＂We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway
restaurant,＂ she explains. ＂I pay £5 for a portion(一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion,
because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes
we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. ＂
The eight-part series(系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s
Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range
of health products on the market.
With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a
different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need
of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of
celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?
A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests. B. She has started a new programme.
C. She dislikes working early in the morning. D. She has had a tight budget for her
family.
25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?
A. He buys cooking materials for her. B. He prepares food for her kids.
C. He assists her in cooking matters. D. He invites guest families for her.
26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?
A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. B. Provide some advice for the
readers.
C. Add some background information. D. Introduce a new topic for
discussion.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart B. Balancing Our Daily Diet
C. Making yourself a Perfect Chef D. Cooking Well for Less
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一档英国系列电视节目，给观众介绍如何减少食物浪费
以及如何以较少的预算做出美味佳肴。
24.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段知道 Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling
guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role 可知，她开
辟了一个新的节目。故选 B。
25.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home
each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food
waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. 可 知 ， Susanna 在 Matt
Tebbutt 的帮助下，提供如何减少食物浪费同时给每日生活费低于 5 英镑的每个家庭准备食谱。故
选 C。解题关键词：同义词表达 with the help of 和 help。
26.C【解析】写作意图题。根据文章第四段中的 which gave viewers advice on how to get value from
the vast range of health products on the market.可知，Save Money: Good Food 节目是
Save Money: Good Health 节目之后，给观众一些建议：如何从众多的市场上的健康产品中获取
价值。故选 C。
27.D 【解析】主旨要义题。根据文章的整体内容可知，文章作者一直在讲如何用较少的钱做出好的食物。根据文章中的 prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. 在资金紧张的情况下，
准备可口且有营养的饭菜； how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5
per family a day. 如何减少食物浪费同时给每日生活费低于 5 英镑的每个家庭准备食谱； how
cheaply we can make this food ourselves. 我们自己做这种食物有多便宜；less expensive but
still tasty recipes.不贵可仍然可口的食谱。可以推知 D 正确。
Passage 7（2018·新课标卷 III，C）
Before the 1830s most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America,
usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these
amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by
rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would
appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was
taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the ＂penny paper＂-a term referring to papers made widely
available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it
meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy
single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to
the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few
years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of
single copies was seldom a penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the
older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase ＂penny paper ＂ caught the
public's fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for ＂the man on the street＂ did not begin well. Some of the
early ventures( 企 业 )were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were
owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and
daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?
A. Academic. B. Unattractive. C. Inexpensive. D. Confidential.
29. What did street sales mean to newspapers?
A. They would be priced higher. B. They would disappear from cities.C. They could have more readers. D. They could regain public trust.
30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
A. Local politicians. B. Common people.
C. Young publishers. D. Rich businessmen.
31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?
A. It was a difficult process. B. It was a temporary success.
C. It was a robbery of the poor. D. It was a disaster for printers.
【文章大意】本文为记叙文。文章叙述了＂便士报纸＂的诞生历史。
28.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的＂Before1830s，... Accordingly newspapers were read
almost only by rich people. In addition ,most newspapers had little in them that would
appeal to mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding.＂可知，在 19 世纪 30 年代
之前,只有富人才能读报纸，而且大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内容，让人感觉无聊，，视觉上
令人望而却步。由此可得出那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。分析选项，A . Academic 学术的；B.
Unattractive 没有吸引力， 无魅力的； C. Inexpensive 廉价的，不贵的； D. Confidential 机密
的，保密的。可知 A、C 和 D 是错误的，只有 B 符合题意，故选 B。
29.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段提到＂便士报纸＂针对大众，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以
买的到报纸。结合第三段中间的＂streets sales of newspapers would be commonplaced in
eastern cities＂可知，报纸的街头销售随处可见。由此可推断出，街头销售意味读报纸的多了。分
析选项可知 C 符合题，故选 C。
30.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的＂The trend, then, was ‘penny paper’—a term referring
to papers made widely available to the public. perhaps more importantly it meant
newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.＂可知，这种＂便士报纸＂针
对大众的，在街上可以买的到报纸。分析选项可知，选项 B 符合题意，故选 B。
31. A 【解析】推理判断题。第二段＂The trend, then, was ‘penny paper’＂及最后一段＂The new
trend of newspapers for ‘the man on the street’ did not begin well. Some of the early
ventures were immediately failures. Publishers already in business, people who owners of
successful papers, had little desires to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and
daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.＂可知，＂便士报纸＂新趋势一开始并不好，一些早期
的尝试立即失败了。已经进入商业领域的成功的出版商，并不想改变这一传统。后来一些年轻而大
胆的商人才推动了这件事。由此可推断出＂便士报纸＂的诞生是一个困难而曲折的过程。分析选项可知，A 项符合题意，故选 A。
Passage 8（2018·新课标卷 II，B）
Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in
abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little
powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their
seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much
protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange
stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are
antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in
vitamin C.
When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base
for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat ＂ice cream＂. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for
freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or
containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent
them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the
temperature of the freezer.
If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.
Out comes a ＂soft-serve＂ creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity
for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the
machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
24. What does the author seem to like about cherries?
A. They contain protein. B. They are high in vitamin A.
C. They have a pleasant taste. D. They are rich in antioxidants.
25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?
A. To make them smell better. B. To keep their colour.
C. To speed up their ripening. D. To improve their nutrition.
26. What is ＂a juicer＂ in the last paragraph?
A. A dessert. B. A drink.
C. A container. D. A machine.27. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine.
C. A research paper. D. A travel brochure.
【文章大意】本文是一篇日常生活类说明文。文章主要介绍并比较了几种水果各自的营养价值和健康
功效，并列出了一些食用这些水果的方法。
24.C 【解析】细节理解题。题干问的是，作者喜欢樱桃什么。根据第二段中 As for cherries (樱桃), they are
so delicious who cares?（至于樱桃，因为它们很好吃谁在乎呢?）可知，作者在乎的是它的美味。
故选 C。
25.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的 If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas
will prevent them turning brown.可知，往香蕉上滴新鲜的柠檬汁是为了防止香蕉变成褐色，故新
鲜的柠檬汁是被用来保持香蕉的颜色的。故选 B。
26.D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中 they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the
top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below 可知，孩子们喜欢把一些
水果和冷冻的香蕉放入到这台机器的上部，然后看到冰激凌从下面出来。故可以推出 a juicer 就是
一台机器。故选 D。
27.B 【解析】文章出处题。文章首先指出七月是水果盛产的季节，并指出各种水果富含的营养，最后一段
指出我们可以用 a juicer 为孩子们做一些甜点和冰激凌，故最可能是从健康杂志上摘取的文章。A
项意为：生物教科书；B 项意为：一本健康杂志；C 项意为：一篇研究论文；D 项意为：一本旅游手
册。故选 B。
Passage 9（2018·北京卷·B）
Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation(航空) Center
If you’re looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place
to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and
lots of fun.
More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in
engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come
to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with
real-world applications for what they’re studying in the classroom.
For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章). At
Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire modelrockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all
over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation
badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a
variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as
they learn about water- and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue
of ＂downed＂ pilot.
With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and
being part of a bigger task.
All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with
Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.
Stay an hour or stay a week — there is something here for everyone!
For more details, please visit us online at www. oursac. com.
40. Why do people come to SAC?
A. To experience adventures. B. To look for jobs in aviation.
C. To get a degree in engineering. D. To learn more about medicine.
41. To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to .
A. fly to space B. get an Aviation badge first
C. study the principles of flight D. build and fire model rockets
42. What is the most important for trainees?
A. Leadership. B. Team spirit.
C. Task planning. D. Survival skills.
【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了宇航中心培训项目简介，命题时从读者的真实需求出发，
着重考查培训项目的相关内容和特点。激发考生的航天梦想，探险精神和团队合作精神。。
40.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句 If you’re looking for a unique adventure, the
Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. 可知，人们来 SAC 是为了寻找与众不同
的冒险体验，故选 A。
41.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段 At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space
Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try
simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world. 可知，要想获得太空探
险徽章需要建造和发射火箭模型，学习空间任务，尝试与飞行员模拟太空飞行等，故选 D。42.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段 With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the
importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task. 可知，对于受训者来说，团队合作
是关键，故团队精神是最重要的，故选 B。
Passage 10（2017·新课标卷 I，B）
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum
in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival
is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the
ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for
safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been
able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into
the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly
calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a
recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults;
they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much
information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner
called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick
in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight
of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
24. What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1?
A. Efforts made in vain. B. Getting injured in his work.
C. Feeling uncertain about his future. D. Creatures forced out of their homes.
25. Why was the author called to Muttontown?
A. To rescue a woman. B. To take care of a woman.
C. To look at a baby owl. D. To cure a young owl.
26. What made the chick calm down?A. A new nest. B. Some food.
C. A recording. D. Its parents.
27. How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?
A. It’s unexpected. B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humorous. D. It’s discouraging.
【文章大意】救助小动物并没有那么简单，因为你所做的救助行为到最后可能都成了无用功。但无论
结果怎样，救助小动物的这种行为是美好的。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮
助它回到父母身边的故事。
24.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的 Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be
heartbreaking; survival is never certain.可知救助受伤的、流离失所的、生病的动物是令人心碎的，
因为我们不知道救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是说我们为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这
是不可避免的。故选 A。
25. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的 She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When
I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl 可知有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，作
者赶过去看看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了，作者只是过去看情况，所以 D 选项错误。故选
C。
26. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的 I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down
可知在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选 A。
27. B 【解析】观点态度题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母，小猫
头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐，作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的 However,
when it works, it is simply beautiful.可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选 B。
【名师点睛】
细节理解题是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型，做这类题目时，考生需要对原文信息进
行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别，这对考生来说有一定难度。
例 如 第 25 题 Why was the author called to Muttontown?( 作 者 为 什 么 会 被 打 电 话 喊 去
Muttontown 呢？)，通过浏览后文考生都知道是和救助小猫头鹰有关，但 C 选项 To look at a baby owl.
和 D 选项 To cure a young owl.中都涉及到了＂小猫头鹰＂，那到底是去＂看小猫头鹰＂，还是去＂治疗
小猫头鹰＂呢？毕竟文章第一段中介绍作者工作职责的句子 I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue
and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.中出现了 rescue＂救援＂这个单
词，再加上后文又出现 injured，displaced or sick creatures 等单词，给考生的心理暗示就是被救助的小动物都是受伤的状态。有了前文的暗示，考生很有可能会选择 D 选项，认为作者接到电话后去 Muttontown
救助小猫头鹰，但实际上，小猫头鹰只是掉在地面上，并没有受伤。根据这一点，D 选项就被排除了。所
以正确答案是 C 选项。
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