2020高考英语重难点纠错笔记：完形填空

2020 年高三英语之纠错笔记：完形填空 易错点 1 熟词生义掌握不全面 1.He looked surprised, but got right to work, trying to find the _________ tire. A. spare B. free C. full D. empty 【错因分析】spare 熟义是“抽出时间”。 【试题解析】在这篇文章中，spare 意为“备用的”。 【参考答案】 A 2. Not too long ago, an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly. A guest told the front-desk clerk she had had a wonderful vacation, but was heartbroken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet _________. A. developed B. taken C. washed D. loaded 【错因分析】develop 熟义是“发展”。 【试题解析】film 在此意为“胶片”，故选 A，develop 意为“冲印”。 【参考答案】A 所谓“熟词生义”就是指有些词尽管我们认识，但出现在完形填空或者阅读理解中如果运用常见的含 义来理解的话，会导致理解错误、文不对题、不知所云，这时我们就要换个角度运用这个词的特殊含义来 理解。平时要注意这些“熟词生义”的练习、巩固、背诵。 Just the other day, a fierce storm hit our community. I looked out the window and witnessed a tree being ________ by the fierce winds. A. crushed B. abused C. broken D. removed【解析】abuse 的熟义“谩骂，虐待”，但在文中是“摧残，蹂躏”。 【答案】 B 易错点 2 忽视语境关系 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his customers. 41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing 【错因分析】 考生容易忽视语境关系盲目选择自认为正确的某个选项。 【试题解析】 根据 Larry 的工作性质和下文的 deliver 可知他送完货后应该是开着车沿着公路行驶。故用 travel 表示“（以某速度、朝某方向或在某距离内）行进”，而 walk“步行”，rush“快速运输，速送”，tour “观光旅行”，在此均不符合语境。 【参考答案】 C 巧用语境推测法 近几年高考英语完形填空题的最大特点是重点考查语境理解。所谓语境，就是指文章上下文之间的联 系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。正因为完形填空题主要 考查考生对语境的理解能力，所以空格的前后多有暗示（后文暗示前文的居多）。考生在做题时，一定要从 整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出最符 合语境的选项。 During my fourth-grade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large apartment, I became aware of how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. It was then that I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on balancing family and work. A. comfortable B. expensive C. empty D. modern 【解析】很多考生由于忽略了上下文的语境而误选 A、D 项。 由下文的 “how lonely my mother must have been”可知，作者看到的是母亲住在空旷的公寓中。【答案】C 【名师点睛】 完形填空中，若每题单独考虑，四个选项几乎均可成立，但完形填空考查的是在具体语境中对上下段、 上下句乃至全文的整体理解和运用。考生往往只见树木不见森林，忽略对上下文的全面考虑而草率误选某 一选项。 完形填空所选文章是一个完整的语篇，因此考生在做题时必须结合上下文语境进行综合考虑。考生在 平时做题时应该把握好文章的主线和上下文的内在联系。 易错点 3 忽视背景关系 It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness. Susan’s husband Mark watched her sink into hopelessness and he was determined to use every possible means to help his wife. Susan felt ready to return to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the bus, but she now too frightend to get around the city by herself. Mark volunteered to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening untill she could make it herself. For two weeks, Mark accompanied Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other , specially her hearing to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new environment. A. feelings B. organs C. skills D. senses 【错因分析】做此题时，考生很容易忽视前文的特定语境而误选。 【试题解析】本文讲述的是 Susan 丧失了视力，即成了一个盲人，因此她丈夫教她依靠别的“感官”，尤其 是听觉来判断事情。 【参考答案】D 在解答这类完形填空时，考生要善于利用背景知识，也就是说利用文章所提供的上下文语境来解题。 本文是围绕一个盲人来写的，这就是一个特定的背景。 After ______ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before theystarted the 950-mile journey back. A. growing B. putting C. planting D. laying 【解析】根据常识，南极地区冰雪覆盖，须费好大的劲将旗插进极地，plant 在这里的意思是“安插”“插 牢”。 【答案】C 易错点 4 忽视逻辑关系 1. That holiday morning I didn’t have to attend school. Usually, on holidays, Mother allows me to sleep in. And I would certainly take full advantage of it. On this particular morning, _________, I felt like getting us early. A. otherwise B. therefore C. however D. besides 【错因分析】 考生可能会因弄不清空格所在处上下文的关系而误选。 【试题解析】 该题后面的“getting us early”和前面的“sleep in”在行文上形成了对比，前后文之间为 转折关系，故用 however。 【参考答案】 C 2. …My brother fans his friends were all fans…they all bought tickets for the performance. However, at the last minute, one of the friends couldn’t go, so my brother ________ me the ticket. I was really excited! A. booked B. offered C. returned D. found 【错因分析】 so 表示前后两部分存在因果关系，如果不注意这点就容易出现错误。 【试题解析】 前面讲到哥哥和他的朋友买了音乐会的票，准备去听音乐会，但最后时刻其中一个朋友去不 了了，故可判断出哥哥把朋友的那张票给了我。offer“提供，供应”，符合语境。 【参考答案】B 考生在做这类题目时一定要很好的把握上下文的逻辑关系，掌握常见的几种表示转折、让步、条件、 因果、并列等逻辑关系的词，再根据上下文语境判断出最佳答案。1. Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and ________ nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body. A. mostly B. partly C. sometimes D. rarely 【解析】短文中的 usually 和 and 是本题逻辑推理的线索。And 前后构成了并列关系，即 and 前的 usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 这些维生素成分和 and 后面的 nitrogen 成分形成并列关系，相应修饰 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 的 usually 必然和修饰 nitrogen 的 45 空的词构成一一对应的逻辑关系。鉴 于此，在空格处考虑填入的应是和 usually 相对应的频度副词，而语义与 usually 略有不同。mostly 和 partly 都表示了部分、量的含义，与频度无关。rarely(很少地，罕有地)虽表示了频度关系，但其意义与 usually 相反，不符合一一对应的一致性，因此排除。只有 C 项 sometimes(不时，有时)恰到好处地表示了 and 前后两部分的逻辑对应。 【答案】C 2. Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, _____, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent. A. indeed B. hence C. however D. therefore 【解析】这里有两种情况，第一可能是第二段前后的逻辑体现；第二就是段落的前后衔接。但是，这个题 出现在第二段的第一句 ，那么，从完形填空注重逻辑关系的命题思路来看，我们优先考虑第二种情况。前 段末句意为“不是每个人都能够正确看待这个进程”。而第二段首句为“大家普遍认为”，显然这两者之 间存在了逻辑意义上的相反，此处可能体现了一种转折关系。 【答案】C 易错点 5 忽视逻辑关系 One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if they are different in color?” I thought for a minute, and then I said, “I’ll explain, if you can just wait until we make aquick stop at the grocery store. I have something 1 to show you. ” At grocery store, we bought some apples —red, green and yellow ones. Back home, I told Adam, “It’s time to answer your question.” I put one apple of each 26 on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 2 look on his face. 1. A. expressive B. encouraging C. informative D. interesting 2. A. worried B. satisfied C. proud D. curious 【错因分析】做第 1 题时，考生容易脱离作者所要表达的思想情感而主观臆断，认为所展示之物一般都是 富有表现力的，从而误选 expressive。informative 也有很强的干扰性，由于此词比较生僻，往往让有些考 生举棋不定，最终误选此项；做第 2 题时，由于作者即将回答孩子先前提出的问题，而此时考生已经明白 作者想利用苹果加以阐释，并认为这是一个绝妙的想法，因而考生主观地认为孩子对这种方式感到非常“满 意”，从而误选 satisfied。 【试题解析】根据下文作者回答问题的方法以及孩子的反应可知，作者有一些有趣的东西要展示给孩子。 其实，孩子当时并不理解作者这样做的目的，所以很好奇。 【参考答案】1. D 2. D 阅读过程中，考生有事需要把握文章的语篇情感，尽量与作者的思想产生共鸣，正确理解作者所要表 达的思想情感或内心感受。 I was so surprised that I was speechless. My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. As a result, at the point in our game when I’d have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was ______7 to 9 and Ed was leading. 【解析】surprised 一词道出了情况的转折，我们可以看到这时作者用词的转变。made an effort，get into shape 等这些褒义词的使用对这些空的选择起到了很好的引导作用。speechless, instead 都是由惊讶得 出的。 【答案】instead 易错点 6 忽视语法知识和习惯搭配 They told her to stay _________ until the emergency personnel arrived, but she thought thecar was going to explode…she should not move… A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm 【错因分析】容易犯忽视习惯搭配型错误。本题考生不知道 stay till 为固定搭配以及其意思，盲目认为 still 只是用作副词，意为“仍然”。 【试题解析】根据下文的“she should not move”可知，此处表示他们告诉她要保持不动的状态，直到 救护人员到达。quiet 安静的；still 静止的；away 不在，离开；calm 沉着的。 【参考答案】B Deeply touched by the boy’s words, Moody decided to create a foundation (基金会)that introduces teenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “As a policeman, I saw 1 there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging 2 on the kids，” says Moody. 1. A. where B. unless C. as D. whether 2. A. impression B. burden C. decision D impact 【解析】“凡是有暴力的地方，往往背后有毒品“，所以第 1 空处缺少一个地点状语的引导词，即 where； 该句承接上文，意为“毒品对孩子们的危害影响极大”，短语 have a damaging impact on sb.意为“对 某人有很坏的影响”。 【答案】1. A 2. D 完形填空的解题技巧: 1. 重视首句，要有推断意识 完形填空一般不给出标题，但首句往往不设置空，通常是一个完整的句子，它是全文的关键句，也是 主导句。考生要从这个窗口领悟文章的有用信息，根据有用信息推断文章的大意及主题，从此找到一个突 破口展开思维，准确答题。 2. 通读全文，要有作者意识 完形填空不是单项选择，它必须建立在理解文章的基础上，因此要通读全文，从语篇的整体内容出发， 根据具体语境，结合语言结构，全面考虑，把握文章的脉络，理解全文大意。在通读中，找出文章的主题， 尤其是作者的观点，要有作者意识，与作者达成共鸣，把握全局，理清思路，抓住主线，按照作者的思路 朝着正确的方向发展，根据特定情节，找到唯一正确的，合乎逻辑的答案。3. 瞻前顾后，要有结构意识 做完形填空题时首先要做到＂瞻前顾后＂。完形填空题的选项一般从语法角度来看都可以选，但必须 要根据文章前后的暗示词以及行文逻辑关系来选择。其次要注意词语用法上的细微差别，结合上下文辨析 词汇的内涵、外延、褒贬以及修辞色彩。还要有结构意识，根据句子结构中所需的词汇做出恰当的选择。 同时，也要注意一些惯用法，并结合英美生活常识等做出选择。 4. 反复推敲，要有纠错意识 填完所有空，还要复读一遍，从语法角度入手，仔细推敲时态、语态、语气、主谓一致、代词的格、 Ⅰ非谓语动词的形式、形容词和副词以及名词的搭配，要有大胆的纠错意识。而且，还要克服定时思维， 重视不同体裁的文章提供的任何细节，准确无误地做好完形填空题。 高考真题 题组一 2019 年真题 Cloze 1（2019·新课标全国卷 II） It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen ___42___ alongside the road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___. Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face. A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a ___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had ___53___ their dog. Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days. Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enoughto go to that kind of ___57___,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___. I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.” 41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard 42. A. read B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping 43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted 44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off 45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued 46. A. home B. past C. back D. on 47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search 48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily 49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety 50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded 51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car 52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered 53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured 54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked 55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain 56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns 57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme 58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team 59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close 60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Ehlers 和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到 了主人。 41. C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文 Ehlers 和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指 Ehlers 一直在 想关于那只狗的事，think about 考虑。故选 C。 42. B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖，trembling 发抖。 故选 B。43. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth 尽力做某事。故选 A。 44. D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了， run off“跑开”的意思。故选 D。 45. C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用 lost“丢失”。故 选 C。 46. C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers 给他的朋友 Greg 打电话，他们俩又驱车 返回。 根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back 向后，回原处。 故选 C。 47. D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文 Greg 在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们 在仔细寻找小狗，search 寻找。故选 D。 48. A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的 frightened, nervousness, fear 等词并结合上文并根 据下文 Ehlers 最终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiously 谨慎地，小心地。故选 A。 49. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔 Ehlers 的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，joy 开心。故选 B。 50. B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只 丢失的狗。根据本句的 in the local paper 及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的，advertise 登广 告。故选 B。 51. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文 Ehlers 给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码， phone number 电话号码。故选 B。 52. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指 Ehlers 给 Jeff 和 Lisa（狗的主人）打 了电话，call 打电话。故选 A。 53. C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers 给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗， find 找到。故选 C。 54. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指 Jeff 带着狗在打猎，hunt 打猎。故选 A。 55. D 【解析】考查介词短语辨析。根据上文 Ehlers 找到的 Jeff 的狗可知，Jeff 在狗丢失后没有找到他的 狗，in vain 徒劳。故选 D。 56. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的事。根据上文可知，此处是指 Ehlers 对狗足够关心，care 关心。故选 A。 57. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文 Ehlers 开车把那只小狗 Rosie 送到 100 英里远的机场，把它 航空托运到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，trouble 麻烦。故选 B。 58. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指 Lisa 在评论 Ehlers 帮助他们找回狗付出的努 力，effort 努力。故选 C。 59. D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样去接近它。 根据下文 Ehlers 说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样，close to 靠近。故选 D。 60. D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是 表达他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do 乐意做某事。 故选 D。 Cloze 2（2019·新课标全国卷 III） The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year. Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.” But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks( 山 峰 )into the valley below. Wednesday, residents( 居 民 )of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together. “People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___ residents. "It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.” 41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely 42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide 44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm 45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered 46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras 47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined 48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use 49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows 50. A. day B. night C. month D. year 51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street 52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped 53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting 54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold 55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent 56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store 57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly 58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved 59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy 60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing 【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了 一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添 一丝明亮。 41. C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. only 仅仅；B. obviously 显然地；C. nearly 几乎；D. precisely 准确的。根据前文 from late September to mid-March 可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年， 故选 C。 42. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. fear 害怕；B. believe 相信；C. hear 听见；D. notice 注意。根据 后文 We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it's darker 可知，我们看到天空是蓝色的，但是 到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选 D。 43. B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty 空的；B. blue 蓝色的；C. high 搞得；D. wide 宽的。根 据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选 B。 44. A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy 多云的；B. normal 正常的；C. different 不同的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文 down in the valley it's darker 可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样， 故选 A。 45. B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. helped 帮助；B. changed 改变；C. happened 发生；D. mattered 关系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选 B。 46. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. computers 电脑；B. telescopes 望远镜；C. mirrors 镜子；D. cameras 相机。根据后文 to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks 可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光， 故可知，为一枚镜子，故选 C。 47. C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered 记得；B. forecasted 预报；C. received 获得，收 到；D. imagined 想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选 C。 48. D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. repair 修理；B. risk 风险；C. rest 休息；D. use 使用。根据前 一句 their very first ray of winter sunshine 可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使 用了，故选 D。 put sth to use 把某物投入使用。 49. B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动， 在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids 禁止；B. directs 指导，导演；C. predicts 预测；D. follows 跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选 B。 50. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. day 白天；B. night 夜晚；C. month 月；D. year 年。根据文章可 知，太阳光出现在白天，故选 A。 51. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. library 图书馆；B. hall 大厅；C. square 广场；D. street 街道。根 据后文 The town square 可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选 C。 52. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared 出现；B. returned 归还；C. faded 褪去；D. stopped 停止。根据后文 Rjukan residents gathered together 可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选 A。 53. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. driving 驾驶；B. hiding 隐藏；C. camping 露营；D. sitting 坐。 根据本句 and standing there 可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故 选 D。 54. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures 照片，图片；B. notes 笔记；C. care 照顾；D. hold 抓住。 根据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故选 A。 55. B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. new 新的；B. full 满的；C. flat 平坦的；D. silent 沉默的。根据 后文 I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故 可知广场全是人，故选 B。56. C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. block 阻挡；B. avoid 避免；C. enjoy 喜欢，享受；D. store 储存。 根据句意可知，并不是 3500 名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选 C。 57. B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead 代替；B. However 然而；C. Gradually 逐渐地；D. Similarly 相似地。前一句意思为并不是 3500 名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的 意义不仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选 B。 58. D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving 热爱自然的；B. energy-saving 节能的；C. weather-beaten 受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved 渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没 有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故选 D。 59. A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. big 大的；B. clear 清晰的；C. cold 冷的；D. easy 容易的。根 据前文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选 A。 60. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. trying 尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing 分 享。根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选 D。 Cloze 3（2019·北京卷） Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”. Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college , and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll ___21___ those things." Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety ofthe students. If they have problems with registration. Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love these kids, "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories." 11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing 12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering 13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered 14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. wandered 15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. conversations 16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already 17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded 18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication 19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious 20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers 21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on 22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme 23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards 24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm 25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates 26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate 27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange 28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced 29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了 76 岁的 Paul Wilson 八年来免费接送低收入的学生上学的 感人事迹。 11. C 【解析】根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson 确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指： Wilson 给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故 C 选项正确。 12. D 【解析】根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson 是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故 D 选项正确。 13. B 【解析】Wilson 让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程 64,000 英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用 cover。B 选项正确。 14.D 【解析】Wilson 在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈”，故 D 选项正确。 15. B 【解析】根据上文可知，Wilson 每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工 程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”，故 B 选项正确。drive 意为“驾车送（人）”。 16. A 【解析】这些学生将 Wilson 当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故 A 选项正确。 17. B 【解析】根据后面的介词 from 可以推知，Tina Stern 从 Wilson 那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B 选项正 确。 18. A 【解析】对 Tina Stern 来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。A 选项正确。transportation 意为“运送”。 19. B 【解析】Tina 说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴 着耳麦坐在那儿。” 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故 B 选项正确。 20. D 【解析】在坐车的时候，Wilson 会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。D 选项正确。 21. C 【解析】在坐车的时候，Wilson 会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候， Wilson 会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson 会利用这个机会了解考查学生 们的学习情况。故 C 选项正确。 22. D 【解析】根据上一句中的“programme”可知，D 选项正确。Wilson 最初通过一个非盈利组织 On Point for College 的一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。 23. C 【解析】结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson 的所作所为超过了该项目的 要求。故 C 选项正确。24. A 【解析】如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson 会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A 选项正确。 25. D 【解析】从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是 Wilson 对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子 们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson 都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。D 选项正确。 26. C 【解析】根据下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others….For them, riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困 难的学生来说，乘坐 Wilson 的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必须的。C 选项正确。 27. A【解析】有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共 用”，需用 share。A 选项正确。 28. B 【解析】乘坐 Wilson 的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某 事”应该用 allow sb. to do sth.。故 B 选项正确。 29. A 【解析】Wilson 认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A 选项正确。 30. C 【解析】Wilson 认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些 学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故 C 选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。 题组二 2018 年真题 Cloze 1（2018·新课标全国卷 I） During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s 46 . I could hardly wait to 47 him. Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him ； he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and, 52 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 . Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use what he 55 me: “The absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist. 41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down 42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay 43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired 44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor 45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant 46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest 47. A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat 48. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job 49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible 50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe 51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare 52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally 53. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment 54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation 55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised 56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill 57. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments 58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control 59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate 60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior 【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了我在大二学的免费课程——下棋及它对我生活 的指导意义。 41.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课 程 3 个学分。我急于接收这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。put forward 提出； jumped at 急于接 收；tried out 尝试；turned down 拒绝。故选 B。 42.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程 3 个学分。我急于接收这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。waste 浪费；earn 赚钱； save 节省；pay付钱。故选 C。 43.A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的信息 就足以吸引我。excited 激动的；兴奋的；worried 担心的；moved 感动的；tired 劳累的。故选 A。 44.D 【解析】考查名词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的消息就 足以吸引我。title 头衔；题目； competitor 竞赛者；textbook 教科书； instructor 导师。故选 D。 45.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。Urged 督促 ；demanded 要求； held 握住； meant 意味着。故选 D。 46.C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。Fastest 最快的；easiest 最早的；best 最好的；rarest 最稀少的。故选 C。 47.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我迫不及待地想见到他。Interview 面试； meet 见面； challenge 挑战；beat 击败。故选 B。 48.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。一位先前的毕业生回校教书，这项工作对他来说根本不是游戏。Chance 机会；qualification 合格；honor 荣誉；job 工作。故选 D。 49.C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。在他的介绍中，他明确指出这些学分不容易得到。Real 真实的；perfect 完美的； clear 清楚的； possible 可能的。故选 C。 50.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。为了通过考试，我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的东西应用 于未来的职业中。Attend 参加；pass 通过；skip 跳跃；observe 遵守。故选 B。 51.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的知识应用于未来的职业中。 apply 把……运用于…… 52.A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。最终，把我们在课堂里学的知识应用到我们的生活中。eventually 最终；naturally 自然地； directly 直接地；normally 正常地。故选 A。 53.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。我设法在这个课程中获得了个 A。game 游戏；presentation 介绍；陈 述；course 课程；experiment 实验。故选 C。 54. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活课程。Criterion 标准；classroom 教室；department 部门；系； situation 情况。故选 B。 55.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。和 Ashley 学了象棋课程之后 10 年里，我仍在应用他教我的东西。Taught 教；wrote 写；questioned 提问；promised 承诺。故选 A。 56.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。Fact 事实；step 步；manner 方式；skill 技能。故选 D。 57.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。Grades等级；decisions 决定；impressions 印象；comments 评论。故选 B。 58.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。每一步你都必须分析形势，审视对手要做什么。Analyze 分析；describe 描述；rebuild 重建；control 控制。故选 A。 59.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。从你所有的选择中，评估出最好的一步。Announce 宣布；signal 发 信号；block 阻塞；evaluate 评估。故选 D。 60.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。现在这些话对我作为一名新闻记者的角色来说仍然是正确的。 Cloze 2（2018·新课标全国卷 II） Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me. I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 , I realized one kayak（皮划艇） was in 47 . ＂Something’s not 48 !＂ I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped 51 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . ＂What’s his name?＂ I asked the instructor. ＂Ben,＂ he replied, and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son! The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 , after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. ＂I just want to say thank you,＂ he said. ＂You 58 my life!＂ I still can’t believe what a 59 it was. I’m just so glad I was there 60 to help my son. 41. A. also B. often C. even D. last 42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry 43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed44. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle 45. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed 46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser 47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle 48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit 49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell 50. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking 51. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep 52. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed 53. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar 54. A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew 55. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly 56. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave 57. A. joked B. turned C. listened D. pointed 58. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided 59. A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain 60. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者 13 年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救 了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己 13 年未见的儿子。 41.D 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经 13 年了。由 此可以暗示出是上一次见面。A. also 也；B. often 经常；C. even 甚至；D. last 上一次，故选 D 项 切题。 42.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13 年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮件，并且说要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。A. delight 高兴，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、 忧虑等的)解除，减轻；C. anger 怒，忿怒；D. worry 担心。故选 A 项切题。 43.C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者 13 年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要 来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared 惊恐的；B. shocked 震惊的；C. thrilled 欣 喜若狂的；D. ashamed 惭愧的。故选 C 项切题。 44.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见面。A. talk 谈话；B. stay 停留；C. meet 见面；D. settle 解决。故选 C 项切题。 45.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed 沐浴； B. clean 清扫；C. deep 深处；D. formed 形成。故选 A 项切题。 46.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点， 才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster 迅速的；B. closer 靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier 重的，沉重的；D. wiser 有智慧的；聪明的。故选 B 项切题。 47.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A. trouble 麻烦，困难；B. advance 前进，进展；C. question 问题，疑问；D. battle 战斗，战役。故选 A 项切题。 48.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real 真实的； B. right 正确的，正常的；C. fair 公平的；D. fit 合适的。故选 B 项切题。 49.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的 T 恤衫， 跳入水中。A. stared 盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank 下沉，沉没；C. dived 潜水，跳水； D. fell 打倒；击倒。故选 C 项切题。 50.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文 a man lying across the middle 和下文 He was unconscious 可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing 争论，辩论；B. fighting 打架；C. shouting 呼喊；D. shaking 摇动。故选 D 项切题。 51.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead 领导，引导，带领；B. persuade 说服，劝服；C. carry 搬运，装运；D. keep 保持；保存，保留；故选 C 项切题。 52.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur 跟 to 短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen 后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思。故选 B 项切题。 53.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说 是很熟悉的。A. sharp 锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant 愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive 有 吸引力的；引人注目的；D. familiar 亲密的，熟悉的。故选 D 项切题。54.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed 同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated 犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted 怀疑；疑惑；D. knew 知道，了解。故选 D 项切题。 55.A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately 幸运地，侥幸地； B. Frankly 率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly 悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly 突然地，忽然地；故 选 A 项切题。 56.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前 was well enough 可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return 返 回；报答；B. relax 放松，休息；C. speak 说；D. leave 离开。故选 D 项切题。 57.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben 转向我向我说谢 谢。A. joked 开玩笑；B. turned 转向；C. listened 听；D. pointed 指出。故选 B 项切题。 58.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该 是挽救了我的生命。A. created 创造；创作；B. honored 尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved 救， 拯救；D. guided 指导，指挥；故选 C 项切题。 59.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence 巧合，巧事；B. change 改变，变更，变换；C. pity 怜悯，同情；D. pain 疼痛；痛苦。故选 A 项切题。 60.B 【解析】考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board 在船上； B. in time 及时；C. for sure 肯定；D. on purpose 目的。故选 B 项切题。 题组二 2017 年真题 Cloze 1（2017·全国新课标卷Ⅰ） While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL — American Sign Language(美式手语). I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL. The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced inthe 50 . This newness just left me ___51___ more. After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could. The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens. 41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal 42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion 43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create 44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken 45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request 46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task 47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed 48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason 49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted 50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance 51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting 52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain 53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count 54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious 55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize 56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D.registered for 57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated 58. A. Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However 59. A. required B. caused C. allowed D. expected 60. A. easy B. popular C. quick D. new 41. A 考查形容词辨析。searching 寻找的，探索的；planning 计划的；natural 自然的；formal 正式 的。句 意：我自己经历了这个探索的过程。根据前文 While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration 可知大学为探索提供了舞台，所 以这里指的是作者＂探索＂的过程。故选 A。 42. B 考查名词辨析。progress 进步；experience 经历；major 主修课目；opinion 观点。句意：我 发现有 些东西改变了我的大学生活经历。故选 B。 43. C 考查动词辨析。choose 选择；read 看，读；learn 学习；create 创造。句意：我以前从没有过 学习手 语的冲动。故选 C。 44. D 考查形容词辨析。official 官方的；foreign 外国的；body 肢体的；spoken 口语的。根据前文 My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.可知作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，因 此作者认为在平 时的交流中，口语就足够了。spoken language 口语。故选 D。 45. A 考查名词辨析。love 热爱；concern 关心，顾虑；goal 目标；request 请求。句意：我没想过 我会发 现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中 I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before 表明 作者以前从未想过学习手语，而根据后文内容可知作者非常喜欢手语。故选 A。 46. C 考查名词辨析。meeting 会议；trip 旅行；story 故事；task 任务。句意：故事发生在我上大学的 第 一周分析语境可知在这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情，故选 C。 47. B 考查动词辨析。record 记录；perform 表现，表演 ；recite 背诵；discuss 讨论。句意：我观 看他们 在 ASL 俱乐部表演一首歌的翻译。分析语境可知 ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，应该是在用手语 表 演一首歌。故选 B。 48. A 考查名词辨析。idea 想法；amount 数量；dream 梦想；reason 原因。句意：手部的动作和不 用语言 进行交流的想法吸引了我。分析语境可知作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是为了帮助交流 而设 计的手势。故选 A。 49. D 考查动词辨析。disturb 打扰；support 支持；embarrass 使……难堪；attract 吸引。分析语境 可知 ASL 俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，否则作者也不会去学习手语。故选 D。 50. B 考查名词辨析。end 结束，末尾；past 过去；course 课程；distance 距离。句意：我所看到的和我 在过去经历的事情完全不同。固定短语 in the past 在过去。故选 B。 51. D 考查动词辨析。show 展示；act 行动；say 说；want 想要。句意：这种新奇的感觉使我想了解 更多。 分析语境可知作者被手语吸引，想要进一步了解，所以也有了后文中的参加手语俱乐部的会 议， 上手语课的经历。故选 D。 52. B 考查动词辨析。exercise 锻炼；explore 探索；express 表达；explain 解释。句意：在那之后， 我感 觉到想要探索更多关于手语的东西，我参加了 ASL 俱乐部的一次会议。故选 B。 53. C 考查动词辨析。print 打印；write 写；sign 签名，打手语；count 数。句意：那天我只学会了打 字母 表的手语。分析语境可知作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的打字母 表的 手语。当然，打印字母表、在字母表上签名、数字母表和学习手语都没有联系。故选 C。 54. A 考查形容词辨析。slow 缓慢的；steady 平稳的；normal 正常的；obvious 明显的。句意：我并 没有 因为缓慢的进步而沮丧，相反我很兴奋。因为作者只学会了打字母表的手语，所以进步是很 慢的。 故选 A。 55. C 考查动词辨析。chair 主持，使……入座；sponsor 赞助；attend 参加；organize 组织。句意： 我下 定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议去学习我能学习的一切。attend meeting 参加会议。故选 C。 56. D 考查动词辨析。miss 错过，想念；pass 通过；give up 放弃；register for 报名注册。句意：接下 来 的一个学期，我报名上了一个手语班。故选 D。 57. A 考查动词辨析。prohibit 禁止；welcome 欢迎；ignore 忽视；repeat 重复。句意：教授的耳朵 听不见， 任何口语交流都是禁止的。根据后文 if there had been any talking 可知在课堂上没有 口语交流。故选 A。 58. C 考查副词辨析。lastly 最后，终于；thus 因此，如此；instead 反而；however 然而。句意：反 而， 如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。根据前文 I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的，反而有口语交流会影响 手语的学习。 故选 C。 59. B 考查动词辨析。require 要求；cause 造成；allow 允许；expect 期待。句意：如果当时有口语 交流， 那只会造成我们学的手语更少。故选 B。 60. D 考查形容词辨析。easy 简单的；popular 受欢迎的；quick 快速的；new 新的。句意：现在我很 感激 当时的安静并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式。分析语境可知手语对于作者来说是一种新 的交 流方式，故选 D。 Cloze 2（2017·新课标卷 II）In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids 41 "The Thinking Laboratory."That was the 42 students voted for after deciding that "Room 104" was too 43 . Freddy was an average 44 , but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion( 同 情 ). He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s 46 . Before the school year 47 , I gave the kids a special 48 , T-shirts with the words "Verbs Are Your 49 " on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs (动词)may seem dull, most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same 53 person I met forty years before. Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man 54 in his truck. Another time, he 55 a friend money to buy a house. Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman 57 the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and 58 it up. Inside were the "Verbs" shirt and a 59 from Freddy’s mother. "Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this." I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all 60 something from Freddy. 41. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran 42. A.name B. rule C. brand D. plan 43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull 44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker 45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh 46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake 47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended 48. A. lesson B. gift C. report D. message 49. A. Friends B. Awards C. Masters D. Tasks 50. A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever51. A. assessments B. comments C. instructions D. updates 52. A. graduation B. retirement C. separation D. resignation 53. A. daring B. modest C. caring D. smart 54. A. wait B. sleep C. study D. live 55. A. paid B. charged C. lent D. owed 56. A. observing B. preparing C. designing D. conducting 57. A. regretted B. avoided C. excused D. ignored 58. A. opened B. packed C. gave D. held 59. A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary 60. A. chose B. took C. expected D. borrowed 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的学生 Freddy 的性格特征，以及多年后他的生活和 工作状况，并说明了作者自己从他身上学到了一些东西。 41. B 【解析】考查动词。在 1973 年，作者正在教小学。每天 27 个小孩进入"思想实验室"。enter "进入"， 符合语境。build "建造"；decorate "装饰"；run"管理，经营"。 42. A 【解析】考查名词。根据下文的"Room 104"可知，"The Thinking Laboratory"是学生们选举出来的 名字。name" 名字"；rule"规则"；brand "品牌"；plan"计划"。故选 A 项。 43. D 【解析】考查形容词。Room 104 这个名字被学生们选举换成 The Thinking Laboratory，所以可判 断出学生们认为 Room 104 这个名字太乏味了。dull "枯燥的，无趣的"，符合语境。故选 D 项。 44. B 【解析】考查名词。 根据上文中的"I was teaching elementary school"可知，作者正在教小学， 故可推知 Freddy 是一个普通的学生。故选 B 项。 45. D 【解析】考查动词。根据下文中的"the loudest over fun"可知，Freddy 对有趣的事情会笑得最大声。 故选 D 项。 46. A 【解析】考查名词。根据上文中的 the saddest 可知，Freddy 对别人的不幸是感到最悲伤的。 misfortune "不幸"；disbelief "不信，怀疑"；dishonesty"不诚实"；mistake"错误"。故选 A 项。 47. D 【解析】考查动词。 根据语境可知，此处表示在学年结束前。 end "结束"，符合语境。change " 改变"；approach"靠近"；return"返回"。 48. B 【解析】考查名词。在学年结束前，给孩子们的应是礼物。故选 B 项。49. A 【解析】考查名词。根据下文可知，作者认为尽管动词看起来是枯燥的，但是孩子们在一生中所做 的大多数趣事就是动词。再结合选项可知，A 项符合语境。 50. C 【解析】考查形容词。由 while 可知，空处与 dull 形成对比，故选 C 项。simple "简单的"；unique" 独特的"；clever"聪明的"。 51. D 【解析】考查名词。根据语境可知，很多年来，作者偶然遇到以前的学生会给他提供一些他们老同 学的最新消息，所以作者才了解到 Freddy 的一些情况。update "最新消息"，符合语境。assessment "评估，评价"；comment "评论"；instruction "指导，教导"。 52. A 【解析】考查名词。 根据空前的"did several jobs"可知，此处表示 Freddy 从高中毕业后。 graduation "毕业"，符合语境，故选 A 项。retirement "退休"；separation "分离"；resignation " 辞职"。 53. C 【解析】考查形容词。根据下文中的"he let a homeless man ... a friend money to buy a house" 可知，他让一个无家可归的人睡在他的卡车里，还借给朋友钱去买房子，故可推知他仍然是作者四 十年前遇到的那个乐于助人的人。caring"乐于助人的"，符合语境。故选 C 项。 54. B 【解析】考查动词。根据上文中的"while working overnight"可知，Freddy 上夜班时，让一位无家 可归的人在他的卡车里睡觉。故选 B 项。 55. C 【解析】考查动词。 因为 Freddy 是一位乐于助人的人，所以是借给朋友钱买房子。lend "借出"， 符合语境。 pay "支付"；charge "(向……)收费"；owe"欠(钱)，负(债)"。 56. D 【解析】考查动词。 根据下文中的"I stopped teaching"可知，作者正在举办一个研习班，这时有 人敲教室的门。conduct"实施，执行"，符合语境。故选 D 项。observe "观察"；prepare "准备"； design"设计"。 57. C 【解析】考查动词。根据下文中的"I stopped teaching"可知，作者当时正在上课，所以这位女士为 打断作者讲课而请求原谅并递给作者一个信封。excuse "原谅(某人的小错)"，符合语境。regret"遗 憾，后悔"；avoid"避免"；ignore"忽视"。 58. A 【解析】考查动词。 根据上文中的"handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching"可知，一位 女士递给作者一个信封，作者停止了教学并打开它。故选 A 项。pack "打包，装箱"；give "交给"； hold"握住，抓住"。 59.C【解析】考查名词。根据下文中的"Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving..."可知，这个信封里装着 一张 Freddy 的妈妈写的便条。故选 C 项。picture "图片"；bill"账单"；diary"日记"。60. B 【解析】考查动词。 根据上文中的"Although Freddy was taken from us"可知，尽管 Freddy 从我 们中被带走了，但是我们所有人都从 Freddy 那儿拿走了一些东西，即从 Freddy 的身上学到了一些 东西。故选 B 项。 【名师点睛】 本篇完形填空很好地体现出重在考查语篇理解能力，且不在情节上、词汇考查大做文章的趋势。其中对 于语篇的上下文复现考查非常之多。 语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下 义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的 词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正 确答案。如： I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same 53 person I met forty years before . 53.A.daring B.modest C.caring D.smart 【分析】同义词同现，根据第二段第二句“He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）”， 这里的 compassion 与选项中的 caring 虽然词性不同，但表达的是相同的意思，属于同义词同现。 经典演练 Cloze 1 When my dad finally finished the triathlon（铁人三项）in Montauk, the crowd cheered. It showed me how his hard work paid off and it 1 my curiosity. I wondered whether a small boy of my size could 2 something like that. I found myself 3 this out loud and my father overheard me. He 4 me and said I could train with him. Training with my dad turned out to be very 5 .We would get up early for a morning jog, or go for a swim in the pool after school. After a few weeks of 6 , I signed up for my first triathlon. Before the competition, I nervously waited for the 7 .When someone fired the gun, I was 8 , swimming towards the distant buoy（浮标）that marked my tum. I 9 the half-mile swim and ran towards my bike. I was dripping wet, trying to 10 it. Once on my bike, I experienced an excitement specific to 11 . I went through the transition zone（转换区） again and 12 my running shoes. At the start of the run part of the triathlon, my 13 already felt like they were made of cement（水泥）. For me, the real competition began during the run, 14 now I could see eachcompetitor as a target. No matter my 15 in the field, each racer was either following me or being followed. The run part of the race boiled down to 16 tolerance. "Shut up, legs", one of my favorite quotes, kept me from 17 the burning feeling. Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a(n) 18 with the other finishers. The sense of accomplishment was there for all of us. Looking back, I 19 the small boy on that day in Montauk who thought he couldn't 20 it. Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner. 1. A. showed B. excited C. tested D. controlled 2. A. preview B. deserve C. achieve D. benefit 3. A. saying B. taking C. trying D. giving 4. A. satisfied B. encouraged C. puzzled D. embarrassed 5. A. disappointing B. frightening C. relaxing D. challenging 6. A. performing B. fighting C. meeting D. training 7. A. result B. seat C. gun D. audience 8. A. up B. round C. off D. along 9. A. finished B. considered C. assessed D. arranged 10. A. point at B. get on C. get back D. find out 11. A. running B. traveling C. cycling D. swimming 12. A. took off B. switched to C. cleaned D. repaired 13. A. arms B. hands C. shoulders D. legs 14. A. because B. although C. until D. unless 15. A. status B. position C. task D. function 16. A. risk B. drug C. stress D. pain 17. A. showing off B. bringing in C. thinking about D. carrying out 18. A. experiment B. celebration C. argument D. cooperation 19. A. remember B. believe C. discover D. respect 20. A. use B. move C. do D. prove 【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者以自己参加铁人三项赛的经历说明：在比赛中，当你觉得自己 筋疲力尽时，不要放弃，坚持下去，直到抵达终点。不管成绩或名次如何，你都会有一份属于自己的成 就感。1.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据语境可知，当爸爸完成了在蒙托克的铁人三项赛时，观众欢呼雀跃的 情景，让作者切实感受到爸爸付出的努力得到了回报，这也“激发了(excited)”作者的好奇心。A. showed 表现；B. excited 激发；C. tested 测试；D. controlled 控制，故选 B。 2.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据该空后的 something like that 可知，that 指代上文爸爸的成就， 所以作者想知道像他这样个头的小男孩是否能“取得(achieve)”爸爸那样的成绩。A. preview 预 习； B. deserve 应得；C. achieve 成绩；D. benefit 好处，故选 C。 3.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据该空后的 my father overheard me 可知，作者把自己的想法“说 了(saying) ”出来。A. saying 说；B. taking 谈话；C. trying 尝试；D. giving 给，故选 A。 4.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据该空后的 I could train with him 可知，爸爸“鼓励(encouraged)” 作者去自我体验并和他一起训练。A. satisfied 使满意； B. encouraged 鼓励；C. puzzled 迷惑 D. embarrassed 使尴尬，故选 B。 5.D 【解析】考查形容词词义。根据下一句 We would get up early for a morning jog, or go for a swim in the pool after school.可知，结果证明，作者跟爸爸的训练“极富挑战性(challenging)”。 A. disappointing 失望的；B. frightening 令人恐惧的；C. relaxing 令人放松的；D. challenging 有 挑战性的，故选 D。 6.D 【解析】考查动名词词义辨析。根据该空前的 Training with my dad 的提示可知，该空填 training 符 合语境。A. performing 表演；B. fighting 战斗；C. meeting 会议；D. training 训练，故选 D。 7.C 【解析】考查名词词义。根据该空后的 When someone fired the gun 可知，比赛开始时，作者紧张 地等待着“发令枪(gun)”响。A. result 结果；B. seat 座位；C. gun 枪；D. audience 观众，故选 C。 8.C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据该空前后的 When someone fired the gun 以及 swimming towards the distant buoy 可知，发令枪一响，作者就“出发了(off)”。 A. up 向上；B. round 在周围 ；C. off 出发；D. along 沿着，故选 C。 9.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据该空前的 swimming towards the distant buoy 以及该空后的 ran towards my bike 可知，作者参加铁人三项赛，先参加游泳项目，“完成了(finished)”游泳项目， 然后骑自行车。A. finished 完成；B. considered 考虑 ；C. assessed 估价；D. arranged 安排， 故选 A。 10.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据该空前的 ran towards my bike 和该空后的 Once on my bike 可 知，作者浑身湿淋淋的，努力“骑上(get on)”自行车。A. point at 指着 ；B. get on 上（车）； C. get back 回来；D. find out 发现，故选 B。11.C 【解析】考查动名词词义辨析。根据该空前的 Once on my bike 可知，作者骑上自行车后，就感到 了“骑自行车(cycling)”所特有的一种兴奋。A. running 跑；B. traveling 旅行； C. cycling 骑车； D. swimming 游泳，故选 C。 12.B 【解析】考查动词和动词短语辨析。根据该空后的 the run part 可知，作者“换上(switched to)”跑 鞋，要参加跑步比赛。A. took off 起飞；B. switched to 换上；C. cleaned 清洁；D. repaired 修 理，故选 B。 13.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据该空前的 the run part 可知，作者最后进行的是跑步比赛，那么在 此时作者感到的应该是他的“双腿(legs)”就像水泥做得一般难以迈动。A. arms胳膊；B. hands 手； C. shoulders 肩膀；D. legs 腿，故选 D。 14.A 【解析】考查连词及上下文逻辑。根据该空前的 the real competition began during the run 和该 空后的 target 可知，“对于我来说，真正的比赛是从跑步阶段开始的”与“现在我将每一名选手视 为要超越的目标”，这两个分句之间构成因果关系，故填 because，故选 A。 15.B 【解析】考查名词词义。根据该空后的 each racer was either following me or being followed 可 知，在赛场上，不论作者身处哪个“位置(position)”，每个参赛者不是跟随作者就是被作者所跟随。 A. status 地位；B. position 位置；C. task 任务；D. function 功能，故选 B。 16.D 【解析】考查名词词义。根据语境，特别是下一空后的 the burning feeling 可知，铁人三项赛的跑 步赛段归根到底就是忍耐“痛苦(pain)”。A. risk 冒险；B. drug 药物；C. stress 压力；D. pain 痛 苦，故选 D。 17.C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。作者在跑步阶段，靠自己钟爱的名言“闭嘴，迈腿”，让自己不去“想 (thinking about)”身上那种火烧火燎的疼痛感。A. showing off 炫耀；B. bringing in 带来； C. thinking about 考虑；D. carrying out 实施，故选 C。 18.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据该空后的 The sense of accomplishment 可知，完成铁人三项赛 后，作者与其他到达终点的选手们一起“庆祝(celebration)”，一起分享完成比赛的成就感。A. experiment 试验；B. celebration 庆祝；C. argument 争论；D. cooperation 合作，故选 B。 19.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。回望过去，作者“想起(remember)”当日在蒙托克的情景，那个小男 孩觉得自己无法“做到(do)”像爸爸一样完成铁人三项赛。如今，还是这个男孩，他不但是铁人三 项赛的铁杆粉丝，还是一位陪练。A. remember 想起；B. believe 相信；C. discover 发现；D. respect 尊敬，故选 A。 20.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。那个小男孩觉得自己无法“做到(do)”像爸爸一样完成铁人三项赛。 A. use 用； B. move 移动；C. do 做；D. prove 证明，故选 C。Cloze 2 This is really simple but I was caught off guard(措手不及). As my son and I were 1 a restaurant today, I 2 the door for several older couples going in and out. Just as I was about to let it go, I saw someone coming around the corner so I 3 . She saw my little boy and told me to go first. I told her to 4 because I wasn’t in any 5 — we’re still technically on vacation. 6 , we’d had our lunch. I’ve held doors 7 I was a kid because that’s what my mother 8 me in and now I just do it out of 9 . Maybe people will say thanks, but most of them 10 blow past like the world 11 them something or whatever excuse they make for ignoring that 12 . This girl, however, 13 a big smile, saying "Thank you". It’s a tiny thing and she probably didn’t even 14 its effect. But I could suppose she 15 appreciated it. It wasn’t until she was in the 16 and walking past that I found she was a beautiful girl, so I’m not the first person to open a door for her. I just got back from Florida, was dirty and 17 and hadn’t even showered yet. I am 99% sure it had nothing to do with my 18 . I can only assume she was actually 19 . Anyway, this probably wouldn’t mean anything to most people but I valued her sincere 20 . 1. A. passing B. leaving C. entering D. reaching 2. A. knocked at B. pushed aside C. held D. answered 3. A. waited B. approached C. quitted D. departed 4. A. back away B. come over C. hold on D. go ahead 5. A. question B. danger C. hurry D. difficulty 6. A. In other words B. As a result C. For example D. After all 7. A. since B. unless C. before D. when 8. A. convinced B. educated C. inspired D. invested 9. A. reputation B. interest C. curiosity D. respect 10. A. just B. also C. never D. again 11. A. guarantees B. promises C. affords D. owes 12. A. entrance B. tolerance C. gesture D. elegance 13. A. brought about B. set out C. took up D. put on14. A. doubt B. realize C. comment D. acknowledge 15. A. authentically B. deliberately C. frequently D. gradually 16. A. crowd B. corner C. doorway D. suite 17. A. exhausted B. available C. untidy D. unprepared 18. A. status B. attraction C. garment D. dignity 19. A. merciful B. grateful C. considerate D. aggressive 20. A. appearance B. character C. appreciation D. commitment 【文章大意】自幼以来，作者一直会为别人礼貌地扶门以便其进出，但一个女孩的感谢却让作者感触 颇深。 1.B 【解析】今天当作者和他的儿子要离开(leaving)一家饭馆的时候，他为几对年老的夫妇扶(held)着门 以便他们进出。下文中的"we’d had our lunch"是关键提示。 2.C 【解析】参见上题解析。下文中的"I’ve held doors"是关键提示。answer the door 意为"开门，应 门"，不符合语境。 3.A 【解析】根据上文中的"Just as I was about to let it go， I saw someone coming around the corner "和下文的内容可知，正当作者准备松开门时，看到拐角处有人走过来，便继续扶着门等待 (waited)。故 A 项符合语境。approach"接近，靠近"；depart"离开"。 4.D 【解析】根据上文中的"She saw my little boy and told me to go first. I told her to. . . on vacation"可知，作者在度假并且刚吃过午饭，因此不着急，所以他让这个女孩先走。go ahead" 先走，先行"符合语境。back away"向后退"；come over"来访，拜访"；hold on "等一下，坚持下 去"。 5.C 【解析】参见上题解析。not be in any hurry"不着急"为固定用法，符合语境。 6.D 【解析】根据上文作者为女孩扶着门让其先走的内容及下文中的"we’d had our lunch"可知，after all"毕竟，终究"符合语境。in other words"换句话说"；as a result"结果"；for example"比如，例如 "。 7.A 【解析】根据语境可知，自幼以来，作者就为别人扶着门，因为这是作者的妈妈教导(educated)他 的事情。since"自……之后，自……以来"在该句中引导时间状语从句。 8.B 【解析】参见上题解析。convince"说服，使确信"。inspire"激励，鼓舞"；invest"投资"。9.D 【解析】现在作者做这件事是出于尊重(respect)。reputation"名誉，名声"；curiosity "好奇心"。 10.A 【解析】根据文中的"Maybe people will say thanks， but most of them blow past"可知， 作者认为或许人们会对他表示感谢，但是大多数人只是(just)飞奔而过。 11.D 【解析】根据语境可知，大多数人面对作者的善举只是飞奔而过，就像世界欠(owes)了他们什么东 西或者他们能为忽视这一举动做出任何辩解一样。guarantee"保证"；promise"保证，承诺"；afford" 提供，买得起"。 12.C 【解析】参见上题解析。此处的"gesture"指作者为他人扶门的善举。entrance"入口"；tolerance" 宽容"；elegance"优雅，高贵"。 13.B 【解析】根据下文中的"a big smile， saying ‘Thank you’"可知，此处指这个女孩面带微笑向作 者致谢。put on a smile"面带笑容"为习惯用法，符合语境。bring about"导致，引起"；set out"动 身踏上，着手进行"；take up"开始从事，占用(时间、空间或精力)"。 14.D 【解析】这是一件很小的事情，甚至她可能没意识到(realize)这件事情的影响。doubt"怀疑"； comment"评论"；acknowledge"承认"。 15.A 【解析】根据语境可知，但是作者可以推断这个女孩是真正地感谢自己的善举。authentically"真正 地"符合语境。deliberately"故意地"；frequently"经常地，频繁地"；gradually"逐渐地"。 16.C 【解析】根据"It wasn’t until. . . walking past. . . a beautiful girl"可知，此处指直到这个女孩走到 门口与作者擦身而过，作者才发现她很漂亮。doorway"门口，门道"符合语境。 17.C 【解析】根据上文中的"I just got back from Florida， was dirty and"和下文中的"hadn’t even showered yet"可知，作者刚从佛罗里达回来，不修边幅，甚至还未洗澡。故 untidy"不整洁的"与上 文中的"dirty"相呼应，符合语境。exhausted"筋疲力尽的"；available"可用的，可获得的"； unprepared"无准备的"。 18.B 【解析】根据语境可知，作者在此想要表达的是这个女孩向他表达谢意并不是因为他的个人魅力。 故 attraction"吸引，吸引力"符合语境。status"社会地位"；garment"衣服"；dignity"尊贵，体面"。 19.B 【解析】根据上文中的"appreciated"可知，作者推断这个女孩是真的心存感激。grateful"感激的" 符合语境。merciful"宽大的，仁慈的"；considerate"体贴的，考虑周到的"；aggressive"有进取心 的"。 20.C 【解析】无论怎样，这对大多数人来说可能没有意义，但作者却很看重她真诚的感谢。故 appreciation"感激，感谢"符合语境。上文中的"appreciated"亦是关键提示。appearance "外观， 外貌"；character"性格"；commitment"承诺，保证"。 Cloze 3In a world where comparisons happen non-stop, it is difficult to look outside yourself and to ever be 1 with who you are. There’s always someone who’s a bit 2 . The only solution is to reach 3 and measure against what Warren Buffett calls your own inner yardstick. There is no more 4 measure for comparison than who you were yesterday, last week or last decade, when you were at your 5 . Nothing useful ever comes from comparison to others. 6 you see yourself as better than someone and you get 7 , or you see someone else as better than you and you feel like all your hard work is for 8 . It is a fool’s game. Not one of us is 9 alike. The only direct and honest comparison is 10 yourself. Everything else is apples to oranges. My opinion is that you are only 11 to compare yourself to someone else if their life 12 is the same as your own. Good luck finding that match. And one thing is for sure. No matter how hard you work and how 13 you are, there will always be someone who can run a little faster, jump a little higher, score a little better or look a little nicer in a swimsuit. And if there’s not, you can 14 someone is coming up fast behind you. So how can you always win in life? Become your best 15 . Having an image of your most recent past limits is the perfect thing to 16 you to the next level. If you ran 7 flights of stairs yesterday, then do 8 today. Who 17 if the guy next to you did 15? It doesn ’ t make a bit of 18 . You are a more fit person today than you were yesterday. Your own 19 is all you need. If you 20 to a slightly higher standard of yourself every day, you will always be at the top of your game. 1. A. patient B. strict C. content D. concerned 2. A. stronger B. wiser C. lazier D. better 3. A. out B. up C. inside D. outside 4. A. accurate B. careful C. useful D. powerful 5. A. end B. best C. side D. convenience 6. A. Whether B. If C. Once D. Either 7. A. lazy B. inspired C. busy D. satisfied 8. A. fun B. nothing C. sure D. success 9. A. really B. fully C. exactly D. actually10. A.to B.by C. for D. within 11. A. allowed B. suggested C. instructed D. directed 12. A. position B. situation C. occasion D. accommodation 13. A. diligent B. dedicated C. optimistic D. addicted 14. A. declare B. conclude C. announce D. bet 15. A. assistant B. coach C. competitor D. teacher 16. A. lead B. push C. expose D. cause 17. A. wonders B. says C. cares D. asks 18. A. difference B. sense C. change D. effort 19. A. benefit B. result C. habit D. progress 20. A. commit B. devote C. tend D. contribute 【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。作者在文中论述了和别人比较没有意义。我们要和过去的自己比较， 用自己的内在标准衡量自己。 1. C 考查形容词词义辨析。patient 耐心的；strict 严格的；content 满意的；concerned 担心的。 由语境可 知，在这个充满对比的世界中，我们总是无法对自己满意。总是有人比我们好。故 C 选 项正确。 2. D 考查形容词词义辨析。strong 强壮的，结实的；wise 英明的；lazy 懒惰的；good 好的。结合上 题 解析可知，D 选项正确。 3. C 考查副词。唯一的解决办法就是深入我们的内心，按照我们自己的内在标准来衡量自己。C 选项切题。 4. A 考查形容词词义辨析。accurate 精确的；careful 细心的，认真的；useful 有用的；powerful 强大的， 强有力的。除了和过去的你相比，没有更为精确的衡量标准了。故 A 选项正确。 5. B 考查名词词义辨析。end 结束，尽头，末端；best 最好的事物；side 边；convenience 方便。 人们要 和自己过去比的话，应该是和过去最佳时期进行比较，故 B 选项正确。 6. D 考查连词词义辨析。whether 是否；if 如果，是否；once 一旦；either 或者，要么。either…or…意 为＂ 要么……要么……＂。要么你看到自己比别人强的时候，你会变得懒惰，不思进取；要么你看到 别人 比你好，你感觉你的努力没有用。故 D 选项正确。 7. A 考查形容词词义辨析。lazy 懒惰的；inspired 受鼓舞的；busy 忙碌的；satisfied 满意的。结合上 题 解析可知，A 选项切题。8. B 考查名词（代词）。fun 乐趣；nothing 什么也没有；sure 确实的；success 成功。for nothing 意为＂ 免费的，徒然的＂。结合上题解析可知，B 选项正确。 9. C 考查副词词义辨析。really 真正地，真地；fully 完全地，充分地；exactly 精确地，恰好，正好； actually 事实上，实际上。和别人去比是傻子的游戏，因为人和人没有完全相似的。故 C 选项正确。 10. D 考查介词。文章第一段最后提到要和昨天的自己，上周的自己或者是 10 年前的自己去比较，用自 己内在的衡量标准去衡量自己，所以在此应该是自己内在的比较，故 D 选项正确。 11. A 考查动词词义辨析。allow 允许；suggest 建议；instruct 指示，指导；direct 引导。句意：你只 可以 与那些和你生活状况一样的人去比较。即允许自己和别人相比较。故 A 选项正确。 12. B 考查名词词义辨析。position 位置，职位；situation 情况，形势；occasion 场合，时机； accommodation 住处，住所。和别人比较要在同等情况下进行比较，也就是生活情形相同的， 否则没有可比性。 故 B 选项正确。 13. B 考查形容词词义辨析。diligent 勤奋的；dedicate 专注的，投入的；optimistic 乐观的；addicted 上瘾 的，沉迷于……的。不管你多么的努力，你是多么的投入，总是有人会跑的比你快，跳得比 你高…… 故 B 选项切题。 14. D 考查动词词义辨析。declare 宣布；conclude 得出结论，结束；announce 宣布；bet 打赌。 即使现在 没人比你强，肯定也有人在背后努力会超过你的。you can bet 意为＂肯定，毫无疑问＂。 故 D 选 项正确。 15. C 考查名词词义辨析。assistant 助手，助理；coach 教练；competitor 竞争者；teacher 教师。 作者强 调不要和别人去比，要自己和自己比，要让今天的自己超越昨天的自己，所以自己才是 自己的对 手，故 C 选项正确。 16. B 考查动词词义辨析。lead 领导；push 推，促进；expose 使暴露；cause 引起，造成。自己心 中有一 个最近达到过的极限是最好的东西，它可以敦促自己朝下一个高度前进。故 B 选项正确。 17. C 考查动词词义辨析。wonder 疑惑，想知道；say 说；care 在意；ask 问，要求。如果你旁边的 小伙 子跑了 15 段楼梯谁又在乎呢？从上文可知作者要人们做到自己一天比一天进步，而不去 和别人比， 不去在意别人的进步。C 选项切题。 18. A 考查名词词义辨析。difference 区别；sense 感官，感觉；change 改变；effort 努力。别人做 得再好 和我们也毫无关系，我们只和自己比较，所以即使你跑 7 段楼梯，别人跑 15 段，那和我 们一点关 系都没有。make a different 意为＂有关系，有影响＂，故 A 选项正确。19. D 考查名词词义辨析。benefit 好处；result 结果；habit 习惯；progress 进步，进展。从上下文可 知此 处是指我们没必要去和别人比，去看别人的成绩，只要我们自己每天都在进步，那么我 们就是一 个成功的人，你的进步就是你需要的东西。故 D 选项正确。 20. A 考查动词词义辨析。commit 犯罪，保证；devote 献（身），奉献，投入(时间、精力等)；tend 倾 向于； contribute 贡献。如果你保证每天都有所提高，那么你将永远都是胜利者。A 选项 正确。