2020年中考英语重要题型解析:定语从句
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2020年中考英语重要题型解析:定语从句

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时间:2020-12-23

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定语从句 1. The book __________ I read last night was fantastic. A. that B. what C. whose D. who 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that 先行词是人或物,在 从句中作主语或宾语;B. what 不能引导定语从句;C. whose 先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语;D. who 先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词 book 指物,用 that 来引导,故答案为 A。 2. Mr. Brown is a teacher __________ is strict with all is students. A. which B. who C. where 【答案】B 【解析】句意"布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师"。本题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作主语 或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为 a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,故选 B。 3. Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ? —Yes. It’s the best one __________ I have ever seen. A. that B. which C. what D. it 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你看过《流浪地球》这部电影吗?——这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。此句考查 定语从句的关联词,that/which 可以引导定语从句,what,it 不能引导定语从句,首先排除 C,D;先行词 是不定代词 one,前面被形容词的最高级 best 修饰,引导词只能用 that 不能用 which,故答案为 A。 4. Wang Yangming is a great educationalist __________ developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A. which B. what C. who 【答案】C 【解析】句意:王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家,他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。A. which 关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是物;B. what 不能引导定语从句;C. who 关系词,引导定语从句,先行 词是人,根据 educationalist 指人,所以用 who,故选 C。 5. The book __________ was written by him is very interesting. A. who B. whom C. which D. /【答案】C 【解析】句意:他写的那本书很有趣。考查关系代词。A. who 代指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;B. whom 代指人,在定语从句中作宾语;C. which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;D. /为不填。首先分析句子 结构,可知本句为定语从句,先行词 the book 为物,而且从句中缺主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用 which;故答案选 C。 6. My mother doesn’t like stories __________ have sad endings. A. that B. who C. where D. those 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意:我妈妈不喜欢有悲伤的结局的故事. 可知考查定语从句的关系代词,先行词是 stories,指物。作主语 ,关系代词用 that/which,故选 A。 7. Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree __________ waiting in a line? —They are the students from No. 1 Primary School. A. that are B. where are C. which is D. who is 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意:——弗兰克,你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁? ——他们是来第一小学的学生。可知先 行词是 children,指人,作主语,故选代词用 who/that,先行词是复数,动词用 are。故选 A。 8. Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat __________ tell you your weight? A. / B. who C. whom D. that 【答案】D 【解析】句意:散步后坐下来是放松的. 但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗?考查定语从句的 关系代词,先行词是 seat,指物。作主语 ,关系代词用 that/which,故选 D。 9. On Monday April 15, 2019, the fire __________ broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world. A. that B. who C. where 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意:2019 年 4 月 15 日,周一,巴黎圣母院发生的大火震惊了全世界。可知考查定语从句的 关系代词,先行词是 fire,指物,作主语,关系代词用 which/that。故选 A。 10. Hey, Anna, Would you like to see The White Storm with me? —You mean, the new police story __________ was filmed by Chen Musheng.A. who B. what C. whose D. which 【答案】D 【解析】根据句意:——嗨,安娜,你想和我一起看《白色风暴》吗?——你是指陈慕生拍摄的新警察故 事。可知考查定语从句的关系代词,先行词是 story,指物。作主语,关系代词用 which/that,故选 D。 11. Du Fuguo is a hero ___________ is known to millions of Chinese people. A. who B. which C. what 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。根据先行词 hero 英雄,可知关系代词指代人,故选 A。 12. Do you know the boy over there? —The one ___________ is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil. A. what B. which C. who D.不填 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:——你知道那边的那个男孩吗? ——那个拿球的男孩吗?哦,那是我邻居 菲尔。先行词是 the one,表示人,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,不能省略。故选 C。 13. Have you got ready for the soccer game? —Yes. I’ve done everything ___________ I can to win the game. A. who B. that C. which 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查定语从句,不定代词 everything 作先行词,故定语从句引导词用 that。 14. What kind of movies do you like? —I prefer movies ___________ give me something to think about. A. that B. what C. where 【答案】A 【解析】考查关系代词,本句是定语从句,先行词为 movies,名词,从句中缺主语,结合语境,你喜欢什 么电影?我更喜欢让我思考的电影。故选 A。 15. Do you know the man ___________ spoke at the meeting just now? —No, I don’t know. A. what B. who C. which D. whose 【答案】B【解析】句意:——你认识刚才在会上讲话的那个人吗?——不,我不认识。考查关系词辨析。本句是定语 从句,what 不是关系词不可引导定语从句,可排除。who 用于先行词是人时;which 用于先行词是物时;whose 表示物主,后面需接名词;本句先行词 the man 是人,根据句意结构和语境,可知选 B。 16. All the classmates enjoyed the cake ___________ I made at the party. It was really delicious A. that B. who C. what 【答案】A 【解析】句意:所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that 关系代词;先行词是人 或物;B. who 关系代词,先行词是人;C. what 什么,不能引导宾语从句。I made at the party.是定语 从句修饰先行词 the cake,在这里是物,用关系词 that。根据题意,故选 A。 17. The boy ___________ lost is crying there. —How do you know he gets lost? A. whose B. who C. who’s 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——那个迷路的男孩在那里哭。——你怎么知道他迷路了?考查定语从句。whose 关系代词, 先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语。who 关系代词,先行词是人,在从句中做主语或宾语。本题先行词 boy 是人,并且从句部分缺少主语和谓语,且空格后无名词。所以选用关系代词 who, be lost 迷路。排除 A,B。 C. who’s=who is. 故选 C。 18. The charities have helped more children with the money ___________ people raise. A. who B. what C. where D. which 【答案】D 【解析】句意:慈善机构用人们筹集的钱帮助了更多的儿童。A. who 关系词,先行词是人;B. what 不能 引导定语从句;C. where 关系副词,在定语从句中做状语;D. which 关系代词,先行词是物。people raise 修饰 the money,先行词是物,关系词用 which 引导。根据题意,故选 D。 19. Tomorrow is Father’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father? —The first thing ___________ I will do is to make a card for him. A. who B. where C. whose D. that 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——明天就是父亲节了。你想给你的父亲什么样的惊喜?——我要做的第一件事就是为他 做一张卡片。A. who 谁;B. where 哪里;C. whose 谁的;D. that 用来引出从句。当先行词是序数词或其被序数词修饰时,引导词用 that 来引导。空前面的先行词是 The first thing,是序数词,因此本题的引 导词应该用 that。故选 D。 20. The movie ___________ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth. A. who B. which C. where D. when 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我看过两次的电影是《流浪地球》。A. who 谁,指人的引导词;B. which 哪一个,指物的 引导词;C. where 哪里,指地点;D. when 什么时间,指时间。本题考查定语从句。先行词是 The movie, 因此引导词用 which。故选 B。 21. What are you looking for? —I’m looking for the storybook ___________ you lent to me last week. A. who B. which C. when 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——你正在找什么?——我正在找你上周借给我的故事书。本题考查定语从句。A. who 指 人,在从句中作主语和宾语;B. which 指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;C. when 表示时间,在从句中作状 语。本句话中,先行词为 the storybook,指物,且在从句中作宾语,故选 B。 22. Peppa Pig (《小猪佩奇》) is a British cartoon ___________ has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents. A. who B. which C. / 【答案】B 【解析】句意:《小猪佩奇》是一部在中国很受欢迎的英国动画片,深受幼儿和父母的喜爱。根据句子结 构,空后部分是作定语修饰 British cartoon,所以是定语从句。先行词是 British cartoon,是物,故选 B。 23. Success always belongs to those ___________ have tried their best to make their dreams come true. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 【答案】A 【解析】句意:成功总是属于那些尽他们最大的努力让他们梦想实现的人。本题考查定语从句。A.指人, 在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作宾语;C.指人或物,在从句中作定语;D. 指物,在从句中作 主语或宾语。本句话中,先行词为 those,指人,且在从句中作主语,故选 A。 24. What kind of movies do you like? —I prefer movies ___________ give me something to think about. A. which B. who C. what D. when 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你喜欢什么种类的电影?——我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。A. which 关系词, 先行词是物;B. who 关系词,先行词指人;C. what 不能引导定语从句;D. when 关系副词,在定语从句中 做状语。先行词是 movies 指物,关系词用 which。根据题意,故选 A。 25. I prefer music ___________ has great lyrics. A. who B. whose C. that D. / 【答案】C 【解析】句意:我喜欢有美妙的歌词的音乐。本题考查定语从句。A.指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;B.指 人或物,在从句中作定语;C.指人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;D.若 that 在从句中作宾语,that 可省。本句话中先行词为 music,指物,且在从句中作主语,用 that,故选 C。 26. China is getting better at making hi-tech products ___________ can be bought in all parts of the world. A. who B. which C. what 【答案】B 【解析】句意:中国在制造高科技产品方面很擅长,并且这些产品世界各地都能买到。此句考查定语从句 的关系词。who 引导定语从句时,先行词是人,who 在从句中作主语或宾语;which 引导定语从句时,先行 词是物,which 在从句中作主语或宾语;what 不能引导定语从句。本句的先行词是 hi-tech products,指 物,用 which 来引导,故答案为 B。 27. Not all children ___________ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 【答案】C 【解析】句意:不是所有的看这个录像的孩子会成为科学家,但是有一些也许会对科学感兴趣。分析句子 结构,本题是定语从句。whom 关系代词,先行词是人,在从句中作宾语。 which 关系代词,先行词是物, 在从句中作主语和宾语。who 关系代词,先行词是人,在从句中作主语和宾语。whose 关系代词,先行词是 人或物,在从句中作定语。根据句子结构,可知先行词是 children(人),并且从句中缺少主语,所以用关 系代词 who;故选 C。 28. Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV?—Sure. It’s a great TV program ___________ can develop the habit of reading. A. who B. that C. what D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目《朗读者》吗?——当然了,这是一个很棒的节目, 能培养阅读的习惯。根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,who 是关系代词,先行词为人,在从句中作主 语或宾语;that 先行词人或物都可以,在从句中作主语或宾语;what 不能引导定语从句,先排除; whose……的,先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行词是 program,故排除 A;D 选项意思不合适。故 应选 B。

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