2020年中考英语重要题型解析：任务型阅读之还原句子

任务型阅读之还原句子 Fires do happen. If there is a fire, you might not have much time to decide what to do. Being prepared and knowing what to do early can save your life. ____1____Your family should practice this getting-out plan. ____2____ If you have such a meeting place outside, you can quickly make sure that everyone is out of the house. You should also remember that smoke is usually far more dangerous than the fire. A person can die after just a few minutes in a smoke filled room. ___3____ Finally, before you open any doors, always feel the door lock first. If the door lock is hot, fire must be on the other side of the door. ___4___ You will have to find another way out. These are simple suggestions. ____5____ 【答案与解析】 【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述如何在火灾中自救的方法。 1. B 【解析】根据 Your family should practice this getting-out plan“你的家人应该练习这个逃走 的计划”中的 this 可知，上文中必须要出现 getting-out plan，“最重要的事情就是要有一个逃走 计划”，故选 B。 2. A 【解析】根据 If you have such a meeting place outside, you can quickly make sure that everyone is out of the house“如果你在外面有一个这样的集合地点，你就能确认每个人都出了房子”中的 “such a meeting place”可知，空处应填“你的家人应该在外面有一个集合地点”，故选 A。 3. C 【解析】根据 You should also remember that smoke is usually far more dangerous than the fire. A person can die after just a few minutes in a smoke filled room“你应该记得烟通 常比火更加危险，在一个充满烟的房间一个人几分钟后就会死去”可知，本段主要讲述烟的危害， 并讲述如何避免烟造成的危害，即“因为烟是上升的，所以要保持低到地面”，故选 C。 4. F 【解析】根据 If the door lock is hot, fire must be on the other side of the door“如果门锁是热的，火一定在们的另一边”以及 You will have to find another way out“你将不得不找另 一个路出去”可知，空处表示“不准开门”，故选 F。 5. E 【解析】根据 These are simple suggestions“这些都是简单的建议”中的 these 可知，空处表达 “如果你能记住他们，在火灾中你就会更安全”，故选 E。 How much physical activity do you do in a week? Are you getting enough exercise?___1___For example, people who exercise regularly are less likely to suffer from many diseases. Regular exercise reduces the risk of early death by 30%.It also improves your sleep quality. Today, most adults are much less active than in the past because our jobs are far less physical than the work our grandparents used to do.___2___ This lack of regular physical activity means people burn fewer calories than in the past, so we need to do something to consume (消耗)our energy. Experts think adults need to do 2.5 hours of moderate exercise per week.____3____ Exercise can be expensive, but it doesn't have to be. Team sports such as football can be cheap because all the players share the cost of the field.___4___ It can also be very social. If you don't want to spend any money, try one of the following activities. Go for a run. The only equipment you need is a pair of running shoes. If you take the bus, try getting off one stop early and walking the extra distance. Go to the park.____5____You can play different kinds of games there. This is a great way to involve family members and friends. In short, there are many easy ways of keeping fit. If we all recognize the value of doing this, we will live longer and be healthier. 【答案与解析】【文章大意】这篇短文主要是鼓励人们运动并对如何运动提出了建议。 1. C 【解析】根据下文 For example, people who exercise regularly are less likely to suffer from many diseases. Regular exercise reduces the risk of early death by 30%.It also improves your sleep quality.可知上文是有规律的活动在许多方面对你的健康有益。故选 C。 2. F 【解析】根据下文 This lack of regular physical activity means people burn fewer calories than in the past, so we need to do something to consume (消耗)our energy.可知上文是每天我们 许多人花费 7 个小时或更多仅仅坐在一个椅子上。故选 F。 3. B 【解析】根据上文 Experts think adults need to do 2.5 hours of moderate exercise per week. 可知下文这能快走或在平地上骑自行车。故选 B。 4. E 【解析】根据上文 Team sports such as football can be cheap because all the players share the cost of the field 可知下文是加入一个足球俱乐部是锻炼的一个便宜的方式。故选 E。 5. A 【解析】根据下文 You can play different kinds of games there. This is a great way to involve family members and friends.可知上文是尝试和家人或朋友一起去。故选 A。 A proverb is a short, well-known saying that expresses a common truth or belief. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old. In American history, Benjamin Franklin was a scientist, inventor and writer as well as a leader of the American Revolution. _____1_____ Franklin wrote a book called “Poor Richard’s Almanac”.___2___ Some of them are still used today, like this one: “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” Franklin is also remembered for other proverbs like, “A penny saved is a penny earned.”___3___ Here are other examples of proverbs that Americans use. The first ones are about love. Some people say, “All is fair in love and war.” They mean that anything you do in a relationship or in battle is acceptable. ___4___In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person. Here is another popular saying about love: “The way to a man’s heart is through his stomach.” Some people believe that a woman can win a man’s love if she prepares his favorite foods. “_____5_____” This proverb is true in love and war or other situations. It means that what you do is more important than what you say. We have to stop here so we must say, “All good things must come to an end.” : Word Bank penny 便士 earn 赚 囊 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思 通顺、内容完整。 A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Another proverb says “Love is blind.” C. He was also famous for his proverbs. D. This means that money should not be wasted. E. He included many proverbs that he had heard or created. 【答案与解析】 【文章大意】该阅读材料属于说明文，本文向大家介绍了一些美国的谚语和格言。 1. C 【 解 析 】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 上 文 的 句 子 In American history, Benjamin Franklin was a scientist, inventor and writer as well as a leader of the American Revolution. 在美国历 史上，本杰明富兰克林是一位科学家、发明家和作家，同时也是美国革命的领导者。可知，下文应 该 是 对 Franklin 的 进 一 步 介 绍 。 结 合 所 给 的 选 项 可 知 ， 选 择 He was also famous for his proverbs. 他也因他的谚语而出名。符合语境。故选 C。 2. E 【解析】细节理解题。由后一句中"Some of them are still used today…"可知，此处应连接上下 文，对《可怜的理查德年历》中所出现的谚语格言进行描述。结合所给的选项可知，选择 He included many proverbs that he had heard or created. 他包括许多他听到或创造的谚语。符合语境。故 选 E。 3. D 【解析】细节理解题。由前文中“A penny saved is a penny earned. ”可知，此处应是对谚语的 进一步解释。结合所给的选项可知，选择 This means that money should not be wasted. 这意味 着钱不应该浪费。符合语境。故选 D。 ,4. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据下文的句子 In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person. 换句话说，当你爱上某人时，你可能会拒 绝看到他有什么不好的一面。可知，下文应该提到有关“爱”的谚语。结合所给的选项可知，选择 Another proverb says “Love is blind.” 另一句谚语说“爱是盲目的”。符合语境。故选 B。 5. A 【 解 析 】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 下 文 的 句 子 This proverb is true in love and war or other situations. It means that what you do is more important than what you say. 这句谚语在爱情、战 争或其他情况下是正确的。这意味着你所做的比你所说的更重要。可知，上文应该提到有关“行动”方面 的谚语。结合所给的选项可知，选择 Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于雄辩。符合语境。故选 A。 It's easy to tell someone good news, but what about bad news? Are there any good ways to give bad news without making people too upset? _____1_____ ★ Say something good Try to start the conversation with something good so that what you say is not all bad. For example, "I know you play soccer very well, but we only need one teammate." Or you may end the conversation with a promise." ____2____ " ★Prepare your listener for the news Use words to introduce what you' re going to say, like"I'm really sorry, but..."or "I'm afraid I've got some bad news." _____3_____ ★Try to give a reason. ____4____Try to explain the decision: if you have to cancel a trip with friends, can you explain why? ★_____5_____If you' re giving someone bad news, try to use a soft friendly voice to make you sound kind. Say things to show you understand, like "I'm really sorry. I know this must be disappointing." 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺（每个选项只能用一 次）。 A. I'm sure you will join us in the next game B. The following ways might help C. Use a soft friendly voice D. This gives the listener time to prepare for what you will say E. People like to know why things go wrong【答案与解析】 【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述如何将不好的消息告诉对方的方法。 1. B 【解析】根据 It's easy to tell someone good news, but what about bad news? Are there any good ways to give bad news without making people too upset“告诉其他人好消息容易，但是坏消息 呢？有没有好的方法可以在不让人太沮丧的情况下告诉别人坏消息呢？”可知，空处表示“下面的 方法可能会帮助你”，故选 B。 2. A 【解析】根据 Or you may end the conversation with a promise“或者你可以用一个承诺结束对话” 可知，可以说“我相信你会参加下一场比赛”。故选 A。 3. D 【解析】根据 Use words to introduce what you' re going to say, like"I'm really sorry, but..."or "I'm afraid I' ve got some bad news“用词来介绍你要说的话，比如"我真的很抱歉， 但是…"或者"我恐怕我有一些坏消息”可知,这会给听众准备你将要说的话，故选 D。 4. E 【解析】根据 Try to give a reason“尝试给一个理由”可知，人们喜欢知道 什么会出错，故填 E。 5. C 【解析】根据 If you' re giving someone bad news, try to use a soft friendly voice to make you sound kind“如果你给某个人坏消息，尝试着用柔和的、友好的声音来让你听起来很友好”可知，要 使用柔和的友好的声音，故选 C。 阅读短文及文后 A~E 选项,选出可以填入 46~50 各题空白处的最佳选项。 Smoke alarms(报警器) House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children.___1___Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire. You should keep matches and lighters out of their reach. ___2___ The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you're asleep. You should have a smoke alarm outside each bedroom and on each floor of your home. You ought to have two plans for getting out of your house if there is a fire and practise these plans in the dark with your family. A smoke alarm warns you of the danger. ___3___Take action immediately. When you come to a closed door, check it with the back of your hand. If it feels hot, there may be smoke or fire behind the door, so take care. Once you are out of your house, call the fire department from a neighbor's house. If a family member or a pet is caught inside, you shouldn’t go back in. Firemen know how to perform rescues safely. ___4___ Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working. A smoke alarm lasts about ten years. You ought to change it even if it seems to be working. About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms.___5___ A. Most of these deaths can be avoided B. But when you hear it, you don t have much time C. A smoke alarm is only good if it's working properly D. So, it's important to teach them that fire is a tool, not a toy E. A smoke alarm greatly reduces your chances of being hurt in a fire 【答案与解析】 【文章大意】房屋火灾每年都造成很多人死亡，并且很多火灾都是有儿童引起的，因此有必要教给孩 子们不要玩火。为了以防万一，家里可以安装烟雾报警器，它能大大减少火灾中受伤的可能性。这篇短文 对使用烟雾报警器给了我们一些建议。 1. D 空前这句话 House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children.提到“很多火灾都是由孩子们引起的”；空格后 Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire 提到“孩子们最好不要玩火”，前后为因果关系，因此这里 应起到承接上文，并引出文章主题的作用，故应选 D，意为“因此教给他们火是工具，而不是玩具是很 重要的”。 2. E 下句话 The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you're asleep 提到了烟雾报警 器的作用，这个空位于该段的第一句话，应该是对整段内容的概括，故应选 E，意为“烟雾报警器大大 降低了你在火灾中受伤的可能性”。 3. B 根据空格前 A smoke alarm warns you of the danger.可知，烟雾报警器可以警告我们有危险；空格 后的这句话 Take action immediately.要我们马上采取行动，因此当你听到烟雾报警器响的时候，逃离 的时间就不多了，故应选 B，与空后形成因果关系。 4. C 根据这一段的内容 Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working.可知，这一段中告诉我们要注 意更换烟雾报警器的电池，每个月应使用测试按钮，看看报警器和电池是否还在工作。故这一段是想告 诉我们烟雾报警器只有在正常工作时才是管用的。故应选 C。 5. A 空格前 About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms 提 到，大约有三分之二的火灾死亡事件都是由于没有烟雾报警器，A 选项中的 these deaths 呼应了上句话的 内容，故应选 A，意为“大多数死亡案例是可以避免的”。 The Internet is shaping our Lives. We already have online shopping services and mobile payment. However, this is just a start. The world’s leading tech companies are planning to build smarter online communities. ___1___It was held in Wuzhen, Zhejiang last year. The development of artificial intelligence（AI，人工智能）was a hot topic at the conference（会 议）．If a machine can learn and solve problems as humans do, it can be called AI. The company Alibaha uses AI technology in its unmanned supermarket inWuzhen. Here is no salesperson in the supermarket, just a tablet on a desk that says “please smile”.___2___The bigger your smile is, the more discounts (折扣) you will get. Payment is done automatically（自动地）through your Alipay（支付宝）account. When you first enter the supermarket, the supermarket's AI recognizes your face and your account. There is also AI that can read lips. ___3___It recognizes your mouth's movements and turns them into voices or text messages. This could be very useful when you are trying to talk to someone on your phone in a noisy place. Police could also use the technology to help them find criminal suspects by lip-reading recordings from video cameras. ___4___Microsoft's chatbot XiaoIce can not only provide useful information, but also chat with people like a real friend. XiaoIce has a WeChat account. After following the account, users can start talking with her.___5___She keeps improving herself by talking with users. These technologies are being put into wider use. We may see a smarter world and better lives in the near future. A. She knows when to comfort you or tell jokes. B. They discussed this at the World Internet Conference. C. Sougou brought its lip-reading system to the conference. D. If you smile, it will give you a special discount for your goods.E. Another type of AI focuses on understanding human emotions. 【答案与解析】 【文章大意】互联网正在塑造我们的生活，我们已经有了网上购物服务和手机支付。然而这只是一个 开始。世界领先的科技公司正计划建立更智能的在线社区。短文介绍了人工智能给我们的生活带来的便利 和好处。 1. B 句意：他们在世界互联网会议上讨论了这个问题。 【解析】根据下文中的句子“It was held in Wuzhen, Zhejiang last year. The development of artificial intelligence（AI，人工智能）was a hot topic at the conference（会议）.”它去年在浙江乌镇举 行。人工智能的发展是会议上的一个热门话题。因此本句提到世界互联网会议，答案为 B。 2. D 句意：如果你微笑，它会给你的商品一个特别的折扣。 【解析】根据下文中的句子“The bigger your smile is, the more discounts (折扣) you will get.”你的笑容越大，折扣就越多。因此本句说微笑会使你购买的商品得到优惠，故答案为 D。 3. C 句意：搜狗把它的唇读系统带到了会议上。 【解析】根据后面的句子 It recognizes your mouth's movements and turns them into voices or text messages. This could be very useful when you are trying to talk to someone on your phone in a noisy place. 它能识别你的嘴的运动，并把它们变成声音或短信。当你试图在嘈杂的地方用手机 和某人交谈时，这可能非常有用。因此本句提到“唇读系统”，后面是解释它的功能。故答案为 C。 4. E 句意：另一种人工智能专注于理解人类情感。 【 解 析 】 结 合 下 面 的 句 子 “ Microsoft's chatbot XiaoIce can not only provide useful information, but also chat with people like a real friend.”微软的聊天机器人“XiaoIce”不 仅能提供有用的信息，还能像真正的朋友一样与人聊天。说明这类智能机器人能理解人类的情感，与人 沟通。故此句说“另一种人工智能专注于理解人类情感”。答案为 E。 5. A 句意：她知道什么时候安慰你或讲笑话。 【解析】结合上下文中的句子“After following the account, users can start talking with her. She keeps improving herself by talking with users.”可知，聊天机器人“XiaoIce”也有微信账号，能与 用户聊天，知道何时安慰用户或讲笑话，通过与用户交谈不断提高自己。故答案为 A。