中考英语复习非谓语动词

非谓语动词 找出句子中的谓语动词和非谓语动词 1.Green sat in the sofa, watching TV. 2.To catch up with other classmates,Rose must work hard. 3.Hit by the earthquake,the town was destroyed. •什么是非谓语动词？ •非谓语动词有哪些形式？ • 在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词 形式叫非谓语动词。 • 基本形式： • to+动词原形 （在某些情况下可以不带 to） • 否定：not to +动词原形 动作是将要发生的；表示目的，意图或结果 的 动词不定式动词不定式 不定式的用法 • A、作主语，如 • To see is to believe. • B、作表语，如 • The important thing is to see. • C、作宾语 动词 + to do eg: agree,decide ,fail, hope, wish, want 动词+疑问词 + to do I don’t know what to do 动词 + it(形式宾语）+宾补 +to do I find it important to learn English. D、作宾补 1.动词 + 宾语 +to do Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary . 注：有以上结构的常用动词有 tell. wish, ask, want , invite,allow,encourage,advise 等。 2.动词 + 宾语 + do (不带 to 的不定式) 注：常用的动词是：感官动词hear , see, watch, feel, notice； 使役动词 have ,make,let. • E、作状语 可以表目的、表结果、表原因 He got up early to catch the first bus. • F、作定语（必须后置） He is the last person to leave the office after work.  动名词的用法 1．作主语。如： Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes. 过度地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。 2．作宾语。如： Jack enjoys listening to music. 杰克喜欢听音乐。 3．作表语。如： My hobby is making all kinds of kites. 我的爱好是制作各种各样的风筝。 4．作定语。如： There are three reading rooms in our school. 我们学校有三个阅览室。  分词的用法 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词 表示主动，说明动作正在进行；过去分词表示 被动，说明动作已经完成。 1．作定语。单个分词作前置定语；分词短语 作后置定语。如： The building built last year was designed by my uncle. 那栋去年建造的大楼是我叔叔设计的。 2．作表语。如： The film is interesting. I'm interested in it. 这部电影很有趣。我对它感兴趣。 3．作状语。如： Laughing and talking, they went into the room. 他们有说有笑地走进了房间。 4．作宾语补足语。分词作宾语补足语时通常位 于感官动词和使役动词之后。如： I'll have my hair cut. 我想把我的头发理一下。 解题思路 • 1.分析句子成分（主谓宾），看“———” 上填的是谓语动词还是动词。 • 2.看“——”上填的非谓语动词和修饰名词 （逻辑主语）的是主动还是被动关系。 bit Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子 1．I'm sorry to hear that the dog you once played a trick on________ (咬) you on the hand. 2．It's very important for us ________ (保护) the environment. 3．At 7 o'clock yesterday evening, I heard him________ (唱歌) in the next room. 4．Mr Wu always spends a lot of time________ (解释) things to us. 5．Local people like to________ (放飞) kites and take a walk in the Olympic Sports Centre. singing to protect explaining fly writing Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Peter turned off the computer after he finished________ (write) an email. 2．You'd better________ (eat) less food before you go to bed. 3．If you become rich, you will have a difficult time________ (realize) what your real happiness is. 4．Nothing can prevent us from________ (realize) our dreams. 5．Mr Scott made a living by________ (sell) old things. eat realizing realizing selling ●中考透视 (  )1. The Yellow River ________ flood large areas, but now the waters of it are used to ________ energy. A．was used to; producing B．used to; producing C．was used to; produce D．used to; produce D C(  )2. I saw Tom ___ his key in the lock, turn it and open the door. A.put B.puts C.putting D.to put (  )3. David said that the glass was broken and warned me _____ it. A. don't touch B. to not touch C. not to touch D. not touching C C(  )4. Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth ____ . A. to visit B.visit C. visiting D. visited C(  )4. Why have you stopped ______ , Kitty? The singing competition is coming up soon! A. to practice to sing B. to practice to singing C. praticing singing D. practice to sing C(  )5. It was dark outside, Sue decided___ to the bank alone. A.not going B.going not C.not to go D.to not go D ┃语法专练┃ (  )1.If price rises too high, the government has to do something ________ it. A．stop B．stopped C．stopping D．to stop 动词不定式在句中作目的状语，说明“采取措 施”的目的是“阻止物价过高”。故选D。 C D(  )2.What time do you expect her________？ A．arrive B．is arriving C．arriving D．to arrive expect sb to do sth意为“期望/期待某人做某事”。 (  )3.—What do you usually have for breakfast? —I used to________ dumplings, but these days I’m used to________ bread and milk.         A．eat; have B．eating; having C．eat; having D．eating; have A A (  )4.Li Ming advised me ________ too much. A．not to drink B．to drink C．not drinking D．to not drink advise sb not to do sth 意为“建议某人不要做某事 ”。 (  )5.[2014·上海] I wouldn't mind ________ a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well. A．having B．to have C．have D．had mind doing sth意为“介意做某事”。 B(  )6.—I often have hamburgers for lunch. —You'd better not. It's bad for you ________ too much junk food. A．eat B．to eat C．eating D．Ate it为形式主语，动词不定式“to eat too much junk food”是真正的主语。 D A(  )7.—Why are you so excited? —Peter invited me________ on a trip to Yuntai Mountain. A．to go B．go C．going D．went invite sb to do sth意为“邀请某人做某事”，to do sth作宾语补足语。 (  )8.[2014·北京] My parents always tell me ________ more vegetables and fruit. A．eat B．Eating C．eats D．to eat tell sb to do sth意为“告诉某人做某事”。 A B (  )9.It is wrong of you ________ to the old impolitely. A．to speak B．speak C．speaking D．to speaking (  )10.—Why did it take Alice almost an hour________home? —I don't know. Maybe there was something wrong with her car. A．get B．to get C．getting D．got “It takes sb ＋一段时间＋ to do sth”意为“做某 事花费了某人多长时间”。 A(  )11.—Do you feel like________or shall we go by bus? —I prefer to walk, but we must________a taxi, for it's too late. A．walking; take B．to walk; to take C．walking; to take D．to walk; take feel like doing sth意为“想要做某事”，是固定搭 配；must后加动词原形。故选A。 C A (  )12.You should make yourself ________ by others. A．understand B．understanding C．understood D．to be understood 此题考查过去分词作宾语补足语。make yourself understood意为“使你自己被理解”。 (  )13.We'll consider________a robot that can both work and think. A．making B．to make C．make D．Made consider doing sth 意为“考虑做某事”，为固定搭 配。 D(  )14. —Do you climb mountains every day? —Yes, ________ a little exercise. I'm so out of shape. A．getting B．get C．got D．to get 考查非谓语动词。句意：“你每天爬山吗？”“ 是的，只是为了锻炼。我(的身体)都走样了。” 句中用动词不定式表目的。故选D。 Let's draw a mind map