- 1 -
构词法
一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空——词形转换
1.The Chinese people have achieved what was once (possible).
2.Helping others seemed a very (nature) thing to him. I witnessed the true beauty of human
nature in him.
3.Wild plants can be up to 9 metres high but on tea plantations(茶园) they are cut back to the bushes
about a metre in
(high)so that workers can pick the leaves (easy).
4.We believe it is (significance) to teach the children good values.
5.Things that we believed would last forever had (actual) gone in a second before we realized
it.
6.Most teas have caffeine in them, a substance that makes people feel more active. Some refuse to
drink tea because it can cause (sleepless).
7.These tips above will be (extreme)useful when you visit China, an (east) country
with a long history.
8.The illness left him in a wheelchair and he was (able) to speak except through a voice
synthesizer(合成器).
9. (surprising), he did not take my offer but told me to pass the act of (kind) on
and help more people in need.
10.The museum’s online store now sells (create) cultural products.
11.T’ai Chi provides the mental (relax) and physical fitness.
12.A (common)used greeting in China is the question, "Have you eaten?" It indicates the
(important) of food in China.
13.History (able)pupils to learn about the culture, which helps them to understand the society
they live in.
14.Decades later it (gradual) became a key feature of London’s street style.
15.But forgiveness is possible — and it can be surprisingly (benefit) to your physical and
mental health.
16.The pork pie hat, starting in the middle of the 19th century, was the (choose) for many
well-dressed Victorian citizens.
17.There is a (collect) of 15-second brief videos in Douyin, mainly focused on young people,
yet it’s (suit) for all ages.
18.Universities and their assets are expensive investments, funded by the government and the public,
for the education of students and (science) research.
19.China, which takes (proud) in inventions in ancient times, has once again demonstrated
its (able) to change the world with its "new four great inventions".
20.I think I’ll never forget the (amaze) trip I had in Beijing, China and I hope to go there
next time with my friends.
21.My first stop was Beijing and of course the Great Wall. Without question it lived up to my
(expect).
22.He seemed to have sensed my discomfort so he tried to ease my (anxious) by introducing
himself.
23.The WHO announced a plan to fight obesity in 2014 and invited governments to (courage)
their citizens to adopt a (sense) diet and take some exercise. - 2 -
24.Faced with this, we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, trying to
remove the (understand).
25.Swimming can not only increase your heart rate without putting a lot stress on your body, but
also build up your muscles and (strong).
26.Therefore, dogs tend to leave people with the (impress) that they have a stubborn
(personal), but they are indeed loyal to their families and friends.
27.In some Chinese novels, there are (describe) of charming women in red silk shoes.
28.In fact, a butterfly must have a hard struggle to get its (free) from the
cocoon(茧).
29.They have developed good relations with each other. Mrs. Thomas says they also eat out and go
traveling together, which are (forget) experiences for her.
30.The Greenpeace works to promote people’s (aware) of the danger that (threat)
our planet today.
二、通过构词法猜测下列句子中画线单词的含义
1.In just a few decades, we have completed an industrialization process that took developed countries
several hundred years.
2.Socialism with Chinese characteristics provides a broad pathway for China to advance with the
times and steer the course of development today.
3.China has demonstrated the vitality of scientific socialism with indisputable facts.
4.Reform and opening-up is a great reawakening of the Communist Party of China (CPC), nurturing great
creativity in both theory and practice for the CPC.
5."I love Mexican churros, so I often buy them from the local Mexican takeaway on my phone," she
explains.
复习效果测评
一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空——词形转换
1.impossible 句意:中国人做成了曾经不可能做成的事情。根据句意可知,空处表示"不可能的",应在提示词前
加否定前缀 im-。
2.natural 句意:对他来说,帮助他人似乎是一件很自然的事,在他身上我看到了真实的人性的美。nature 的形
容词是 natural,表示"自然的"。
3.height;easily 句意:野生植物可以长到 9 米高,但是在茶园里,它们被修剪成约一米高的灌木丛,以便工人们
能够轻松采茶。第一空用提示词的名词形式 height,表示"高度";第二空用提示词的副词形式 easily 作状语,表
示"轻松地"。
4.significant 句意:我们相信,向孩子传授好的价值观很重要。significance 的形容词形式是 significant,
表示"重要的"。- 3 -
5.actually 句意:我们以为会永远持续下去的东西,却在不知不觉中转眼即逝。根据句意和句子结构看,本空用
提示词的副词形式 actually 作状语,表示"竟然,实际上"。
6.sleeplessness 句意:大部分的茶都含有咖啡因这种让人们更活跃的物质。有些人拒绝喝茶,因为茶会让他
们失眠。本空用提示词的名词形式 sleeplessness 作宾语,表示"失眠"。
7.extremely; eastern 句意:以上的这些小窍门在你到中国——一个历史悠久的东方国家——旅游的时候非
常有用。第一空用提示词的副词形式修饰形容词 useful, extremely 表示"极其,非常";第二空用形容词作定
语,east 的形容词形式是 eastern,表示"东方的"。
8.unable 句意:疾病使他只能坐轮椅,而且,他只能通过声音合成器说话。根据句中的"except through a voice
synthesizer(合成器)"可知,空处表示"不能",应在提示词前加否定前缀 un-。
9.Surprisingly; kindness 句意:令人惊讶的是,他没有接受我的提议,而是让我把这种善举延续下去,帮助更多
有困难的人。第一空在句中作状语,应用提示词的副词形式;第二空在介词 of 后,应用名词 kindness 表示"善良"。
10.creative 句意:如今,这个博物院的网店销售有创意的文化商品。空处应用形容词修饰其后的名词,故填
creative,表示"有创意的"。
11.relaxation 句意:太极让人心理放松,身体健康。空处应填提示动词的名词形式 relaxation,表示"放松"。
12.commonly; importance 句意:在中国,一个常用的打招呼方式是问"你吃饭了吗?",这表明了食物在中国的重
要性。第一空修饰其后的 used,应用副词 commonly,表示"一般地,经常地";第二空根据空前的定冠词 the 可知,应
用提示形容词的名词形式 importance,表示"重要性"。
13.enables 句意:历史能让学生了解文化,而文化有助于他们了解他们所生活的社会。分析句子结构可知,空处
在句中作谓语动词,故应用提示词的动词形式 enable,表示"使能够"。主语 History 为单数,故填 enables。
14.gradually 句意:几十年后,它逐渐成为伦敦街头风格的一个重要特点。这里用提示词的副词形式
gradually 作状语,表示"逐渐地"。
15.beneficial 句意:但是宽恕是可能的,而且这对你的身心健康出奇地有益。空处应用提示词的形容词形式
beneficial 作表语,表示"有益的"。
16.choice 句意:起源于 19 世纪中期的套叠式平顶帽是在维多利亚时代很多衣着考究的市民的选择。空处应
用提示动词的名词形式 choice 作表语,表示"选择"。
17.collection;suitable 句意:抖音上有一批主要针对年轻人的 15 秒的短视频,但是它适合所有年纪的人。第
一空在不定冠词后,应用提示词的名词形式在句中作表语, collection 表示"(一批)收集的东西";根据句中的
yet 可知,虽然抖音主要针对年轻人,但它适合所有年纪的人,第二空应用提示词的形容词形式作表语,suitable
表示"适合的"。
18.scientific 句意:大学和大学的资产是很昂贵的投资,它们是由政府和公众为了学生的教育和科研来提供
资金的。空处应用提示词的形容词形式作定语,修饰其后的名词 research,scientific 表示"科学的"。
19.pride; ability 句意:中国以古代的发明为傲,如今以其"新四大发明"再次展示出改变世界的能力。第一空
考查 take pride in 这个固定搭配;第二空用提示词的名词形式作宾语,ability 表示"能力"。
20.amazing 句意:我想,我永远也忘不了我到中国北京的令人惊喜的旅行,我希望下次能与朋友一起去那里。本
空填提示词的形容词形式作定语。这里修饰物,应用-ing 形式的形容词 amazing,表示"惊人的,了不起的"。
21.expectations 句意:我的第一站是北京,当然,是去长城。毫无疑问,它没有让我失望。空处应用提示词的名
词形式作宾语,expectation 表示
"期望"时常用复数形式。live up to sb.’s expectations 意为"不辜负某人的期望",是固定短语。
22.anxiety/anxieties 句意:他似乎觉察到我的不自在,于是就作了自我介绍来努力缓解我的不安。空处应该
用提示词的名词形式作宾语, anxiety 表示"焦虑,不安"。也可填复数形式。
23.encourage; sensible 句意:2014 年,世界卫生组织宣布了向肥胖宣战的计划,并邀请各国政府鼓励其公民合
理饮食并做些锻炼。第一空在句中作非谓语,跟在不定式符号 to 后,故用动词 encourage,表示"鼓励";第二空应
用形容词在句中作定语,sensible 表示"合理的"。
24.misunderstanding 句意:面对这个(情况),我们可以找个合适的时间与他们坦诚地谈谈,努力消除误解。空
处在句中作宾语,应用 understand 的名词形式,且根据语境的关键词 heart-to-heart 和 remove 可知,空处表示
消除"误解",故应在名词 understanding 前加否定前缀 mis-。
25.strength 句意:游泳不仅能在不给你的身体带来太多压力的情况下增加你的心率,还能增强你的肌肉和力
量。空处应用提示词的名词形式作宾语,strength 表示"力气,力量"。
26.impression;personality 句意:因此,狗往往给人们的印象是它们性格固执,但是它们确实对自己的家人和
朋友很真诚。第一空应用提示词的名词形式作宾语,impression 表示"印象";第二空应用提示词的名词形式作宾
语,personality 表示"个性"。- 4 -
27.descriptions 句意:在一些中国小说中,有些描述是关于穿着红色丝绸鞋子的魅力女性的。空处在 there
be 句式中作主语,应用提示动词的名词形式,且要与 be 动词 are 在数上保持一致,故用名词复数形式
descriptions。
28.freedom 句意:实际上,蝴蝶要脱茧获得自由就必须奋力拼搏。空处应用提示词的名词形式作宾语,freedom
表示"自由"。
29.unforgettable 句意:他们彼此发展了很好的关系。托马斯夫人说他们还一起出去吃饭,一起去旅行,这些对
她来说都是难忘的经历。空处在句中作定语修饰 experiences,应用提示词的形容词形式,又根据语境可知,此处
表示"难忘的"经历,故应用形容词 unforgettable。
30.awareness; threatens 句意:绿色和平组织尽力促进人们对如今威胁到我们星球的危险的认识。第一空应
用提示词的名词形式作宾语, awareness 表示"认识,意识"。第二空在定语从句中作谓语,故应用提示词的动词
形式 threaten,表示"威胁"。that 在定语从句中作主语,先行词 the danger 为单数,故第二空填 threatens。
二、通过构词法猜测下列句子中画线单词的含义
1.工业化 industry(n.工业)→industrial(adj.工业的)→industrialize(v.使工业
化)→industrialization(n.工业化) 。
2.途径,路径 pathway 为合成词,path 和 way 都有道路的意思。
3.活力,生命力;无可争辩的 vital(adj. 极其重要的;生气勃勃的) →vitality(n.活力,生命力)。
dispute(n./v. 争论,辩论)→disputable(adj.有争议的,可争辩的)→indisputable(adj.无可争辩的)。
4.再度觉醒 awake(adj.醒着)→awaken(v. 唤醒)→awakening(n. 觉醒,醒悟)→reawakening(n. 再度觉醒)
5.外卖餐馆 动词短语 take away 有"外卖带走,(从餐馆买饭菜等)带回食用"之意,因此合成词 takeaway 有"外
卖餐馆,外卖食物"的意思, takeaway 为名词。常见的同类合成词还有 breakthrough"突破",countdown"倒计时
",takeover"接管"等。
微信/支付宝扫码支付