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主题三 人与自然
一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空——词形转换
1.Children normally feel a lot of about their first day at school, so I was that
I left my son alone in the kindergarten. (anxious)
2.When he suddenly in the classroom, the students were concentrating on listening to their
teacher. His sudden
surprised them. (appear)
3.A large number of people have sent off for the job. Some of the may be disappointed
because only one third for it have the chance to be employed. (apply)
4.People should be of environmental issues, so we organized an activity last weekend to raise
people’s of protecting the environment. (aware)
5.Having cleaned the sports facilities, the went to the grassland to pick up the litter.
After his thorough , we saw a community. (clean)
6.As we all know, smoking is considered to our health. If you insist on smoking, you will
be a to others because they are forced to take in the second-hand smoke. You should not
put their lives in , so you had better quit it.(danger)
7.Living in the city will put you in touch with people from a (diverse) of cultures.
8.The company into several departments. He will be sent to the sales after
graduation. (divide)
9.You are right. Regular exercise can keep you full of . Besides, enough sleep can make us
and enable us to perform well in exams.(energy)
10.Mary was too to tell her family about the scene because it almost her
to death. She was shaking with at the thought of it. (frighten)
11.I am the of the project but I can’t all the work on my own. So my assistant
helps me with the everyday . (manage)
12.I wasn’t blaming anyone; I (mere) said errors like this could be avoided.
13.Bob is very of his younger brother and tries every way him. I think Bob provides
too much for him.(protect)
14.To escape the is one of the most obvious reasons why people lie. No one
likes .(punish)
15.(1)I have a lot to say in to this matter. (relate)
(2)Tiredness is directly to a driver’s response time. (relate)
16.(1)We all breathed a sigh of when he left.(relief)
(2)Being able to tell the truth at last seemed to her. (relief)
17.I called to make a table for two for seven o’clock, only to be told that all the tables
. (reserve)
18.Everything seemed to be going (smooth) for the first two days after I moved to New York.
19. of food are almost exhausted in the town, but the food cannot more food
to their customers. (supply)
20.He the accident and became the only . His was really a wonder. (survive)
21.(1)When a fire broke out, help was needed.(urge)
(2)The most thing was to make sure everyone went out of the building. So the firefighters
that people leave the building as soon as possible. (urge)
二、在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词——固定搭配
1.Usually the discount in this shop only applies children under the age of ten every
winter.
2.Even though we may not be aware it, our actions can stand for our thoughts.
3.What traditions in China are disappearing or are danger of disappearing?
4. occurred to me that day that art and beauty are the common language of mankind.
5.Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate the running of the club. - 2 -
6.I think the boy has the potential painting, but he needs training.
7.100 years ago, a big fire broke out in the old building, leaving it ruins.
三、写出画线部分在语境中的含义——熟词生义
1.When I met him in the town, he looked straight at me but did not acknowledge me, which made me
annoyed.
2.He has been teaching for 30 years, and he still devotes himself to the cause of education.
3.Keep a measured tone : don’t handle it too lightly, as people can be offended, especially if your
error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese
names).
4.A man narrowly escaped death when a fire broke out in his home on Sunday morning.
5.The research team are making their way to the west area with the purpose of finding where the
river rises.
6.(1)He smoothed the way for us.
(2)Sally managed to smooth over the bad feelings between them.
(3)They are introducing new measures to ensure the smooth running of the business.
7.They didn’t think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the
road. A bit later, they spotted what they assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike.
8.A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust (反
垄断的)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow.
四、用括号中动词的适当形式填空——不规则变化
1.His careless driving caused a terrible accident. Therefore, he (ban) from driving for three
years.
2.He is often found (bury) in his work whenever I come here.
3.Most of the old part of the city (destroy) by bombs during the war in 1937.
4.A full moon (light) up the sky. I invited all my family to appreciate it together.
5.Jack was working in the lab when the power cut (occur).
6.The party’s share of the vote (rise) from 11 percent to 21 percent in last month’s
election.
7.A young boy climbed up the apple tree and (shake) the branches so that the apples fell.
8.A good idea me while I was walking along the river. (strike)
9.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people
(trap) in the high-rise building.
五、改正下列句子中的唯一错误——易错易混
1.These regulations apply for everyone; you are no exception.
2.Most of these groups consist graduate students, but some undergraduates join as well.
3.By now, your big goal has been divided by little steps. And it will be easier to make it come
true.
4.Children should be encouraged to take a part in social activities to put what they learned in
class into practice.
5.Safety is one factor families should consider when they decide what extracurricular activity to
participate this year.
六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子——书面表达
1.近年来,人类不负责任的活动和飓风、极端天气等自然灾害给我们造成了极大的损害。因此,我们应该与自然
和谐相处,呵护地球,让它成为一个更好的家园。(harm, harmony)
2.在附近社区倡导低碳出行给我的生活带来了很大影响。(advocate, affect)
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3.过度捕杀影响了野生动物的数量,有些动物灭绝了,有些处于危险之中。幸运的是,政府已经注意到这种情况并
采取了一系列积极的措施。我们要努力保护环境,只有这样我们才能够成功地阻止这种情况恶化。(hunt,
measure, protect, prevent)
复习效果测评
一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空——词形转换
1.第一空在 a lot of 后面,应该用名词,anxiety 表示"忧虑"时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,故填
anxiety/anxieties;第二空作表语,用形容词,填 anxious。
2.第一空作谓语,表示过去的动作,填 appeared;第二空作主语,空前有形容词 sudden,用名词,填 appearance。
3.第一空作宾语,应用名词,application 表示"申请(书)"时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,故填
application(s);第二空与 Some of the 一起构成主语,表示"申请人",填 applicants;one third (of the
applicants)与动词 apply 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故第三空用现在分词作后置定语,填 applying。
4.第一空填 aware,构成固定搭配 be aware of;第二空在名词所有格后,应该用名词,填 awareness。
5.第一空作主语,表示"清洁工",根据下文的 his 可知填 cleaner;第二空作宾语,表示"打扫,清洁",填 cleaning;
第三空作定语,表示"干净的",填 clean。
6.第一空作主语补足语,表示"危险的",应用形容词 dangerous;第二空用在冠词后,应用名词 danger "危险,危险
因素";第三空考查固定搭配,in danger 表示"处在危险之中",填 danger。
7.考查形容词变换为名词。生活在城市里会让你接触到来自各种文化的人。故此处应填名词 diversity。
8.第一空作谓语,divide 与主语 The company 为被动关系,且表示客观情况,应用一般现在时的被动语态,填 is
divided;第二空与前面的 the sales 一起构成介词 to 的宾语,应该用名词,依据句意可知,填 division,表示"部
门"。
9.第一空在介词后作宾语,填名词 energy;第二空作宾语补足语,表示"精力充沛的",填形容词 energetic。
10.第一空作表语,表示主语 Mary 的感受,用形容词 frightened 表示"害怕的";第二空作定语修饰名词 scene,用
形容词 frightening 表示"骇人的";第三空作谓语,且事情发生在过去,故用动词过去式 frightened,frighten
sb. to death 表示"把某人吓得要命";第四空作介词 with 的宾语,用名词 fright 表示"惊吓"。
11.第一空用在定冠词 the 后面,表示"经理",填 manager;第二空用在情态动词后且与之一起构成谓语,填
manage,表示"管理";第三空作主语,在此表示"管理",填 management。
12.此处应用副词 merely 修饰动词 said。
13.第一空作表语,表示"爱护的",填 protective, be protective of sb.表示"爱护某人";第二空应该用动词不定
式表目的,填 to protect;第三空作主语,表示"保护",填 protection。
14.第一空作动词的宾语,用名词 punishment;第二空考查 like doing sth."喜欢做某事",此处表示"被惩罚",填
being punished。
15.(1)此空考查 in relation to"关于……",填 relation;(2)此空考查 be related to"与……有关",填
related。
16.(1)此空用在介词后作宾语,应该用名词,填 relief;(2)此空考查 seem to do 结构,relieve sb.表示"使某人感
到轻松",填 relieve。
17.第一空考查 make a reservation,表示"预订",填 reservation;第二空作谓语,all the tables 与 reserve 之
间为被动关系,且根据前文时态及语境可知,此处应用过去完成时的被动语态,填 had been reserved。
18.考查形容词变换为副词。此处应用副词 smoothly 修饰动词。
19.镇上贮存的食物快吃完了,但是食品供应商无法给顾客供应更多的食物。第一空作主语,表示"供应量,储备",
此处是可数名词,再结合 are 可知填 Supplies;第二空作主语,表示"供应商",供应商不止一家,用名词复数,填
suppliers;第三空作谓语,且位于情态动词后,填动词原形 supply。
20.他在事故中幸免于难,成为唯一的幸存者。他的幸存的确是一个奇迹。第一空作谓语,由 and 后的 became 可
知,填动词过去式 survived;第二空表示"幸存者",填名词 survivor;第三空作主语,表示"幸存",填名词 survival。 - 4 -
21.(1)空处作状语,表示"迫切地",填 urgently。(2)第一空作定语,表示"紧急的",填 urgent;第二空作谓语,表示"
敦促",填 urged。
二、在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词——固定搭配
1.to。 apply to 适用于。
2.of。 be aware of 意识到。
3.in。 in danger of 有……的危险。
4.It。 It occurred to sb. that...某人想到……;同义表达有 It struck sb. that...某人突然想到……
5.in。 participate in 参与。
6.for。 have the potential for 有……的潜力。
7.in。 in ruins 毁坏,严重受损。
三、写出画线部分在语境中的含义——熟词生义
1.acknowledge 熟义:v. 承认,感谢。此处表示"打招呼,理会",类似于 greet。
2.cause 熟义:v.引起 n.原因。此处表示"事业"。
3.measure 熟义:v.量,测量,估量。此处 measured 是形容词,意为"慎重的"。
4.narrowly 熟义:adv. 狭隘地。此处表示"勉强地"。
5.rise 熟义:v.上升,上涨,升起。此处表示"发源,起源",极易理解为"上涨"。
6.smooth 熟义:adj. 平整的,平坦的,光滑的。在(1)中 smooth 作动词,表示"使平坦";在(2)中作动词,smooth over
表示"缓和";在(3)中作形容词,表示
"平稳的"。
7.spot 熟义:n.斑点,污渍。此处作动词,表示"看见,看到"。
8.urge 熟义:v.敦促,竭力主张。此处表示"驱使,迫使",类似于 force。
四、用括号中动词的适当形式填空——不规则变化
1.ban→banned→banned。所填词在句中作谓语,且与主语 he 构成被动关系,又根据 caused 可知,此处应用一般
过去时的被动语态,填 was banned。
2.bury→buried→buried。所填词在句中作主语补足语,表示状态,且 bury 与主语 He 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,
故填过去分词 buried。
3.destroy→destroyed→destroyed。所填词在句中作谓语,主语与 destroy 之间为被动关系,再根据句中的时
间状语 in 1937 可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填 was destroyed。应注意 destroy 为"元音字母+y"结尾的
单词,其过去式和过去分词都是直接加-ed,不能将 y 变为 i。
4.light→lit→lit。所填词在句中作谓语,故填过去式 lit。
5.occur→occurred→occurred。由主句的时态可知,从句谓语应用一般过去时,故填过去式 occurred。
6.rise→rose→risen。所填词在句中作谓语,故填过去式 rose。注意此处 rise 用作不及物动词,不用被动语态。
7.shake→shook→shaken。所填词在句中作谓语,故填过去式 shook。
8.strike→struck→struck。所填词作谓语,由 was 可知,此处用一般过去时,故填 struck。
9.trap→trapped→trapped。所填词在句中作后置定语,修饰 elderly people,应填过去分词 trapped。
五、改正下列句子中的唯一错误——易错易混
1.for→to。句意:这些规定适用于所有人,你也不例外。apply for 意为"申请";apply to sb.意为"适用于某人
"。
2.在 consist 后加 of。consist of 意为"由……组成"。
3.by→into。be divided by 意为"除以……",而 be divided into 意为"被分成……"。
4.去掉 a。句意:take part in 表示"参加",part 前面不加冠词。
5.participate 后面加 in。动词不定式 to participate 作后置定语,修饰前面的 activity,而 participate 是
不及动词,后面要跟介词 in,才能与前面的名词 activity 构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子——书面表达
1.In recent years, people’s irresponsible activities and natural disasters such as hurricanes and
extreme weather have done great harm to us. Therefore, we should live in harmony with nature and
take good care of the earth, making it a better home.
2.Advocating low-carbon travel in the near neighborhood greatly affected my life.
3.Excessive hunting and killing have affected the number of wild animals; some animals have died
out and others are in danger. Fortunately, the government has paid attention to the situation and
has taken a series of positive measures. We should try to protect the environment, and only in this
way can we successfully prevent the situation from getting worse.
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