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主题二 人与社会
一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空——词形转换
1.To predict earthquakes more , they have done a lot of research to get more data
related to earthquakes. Thus, they will save lives with . (accurate)
2.He noted that being able 7 percent growth in economy during the first half year was no
small ,but the goal of stable growth was according to the prediction of
economists.(achieve)
3.I really people who can work in such difficult conditions. My neighbour Lily is one of
them. Her dedication to her work is . My for her grows daily. (admire)
4. The left me a deep impression, so I had a desire to purchase the product on TV.
(advertise)
5.It was to have such rainy weather. What him most was that he forgot to take an
umbrella with him. When he got to the office, he was wet through, which made him really .(annoy)
6.Mr. Shen head of China Central Television this March. The papers of the were signed. The
newly leader made some reforms.(appoint)
7.It seems that children nowadays rarely show any for what their parents do for them. So I don’t
think they how much time their parents have spent preparing the meals. (appreciate)
8.They used to and thus their constant practically prevented them from talking to
each other. (argue)
9.She at the central park ahead of her classmates. On , she set out to pick up plastic
bags and other rubbish.(arrive)
10.(1)There is little of the damage to the natural environment.(assess)
(2)Please ask them to send you information on how the value of your belongings.(assess)
11.(1)The artist’s creativity is with living in foreign countries.(associate)
(2)The book was published in with English Heritage.(associate)
12.She always badly when her aunt comes to visit her. In other words, her makes her
aunt very angry.(behave)
13.(1)I hope what I have written will be of to someone else who may feel the same way.(benefit)
(2)Some people hold the view that it is impossible for children to from computers. In fact,
using computers has a
effect on children’s learning.(benefit)
14.Don’t get to the factory last month. It’s dangerous. We should watch
what is going on. (close)
15.Over the past years, we have been to the development of our company. I’d like to thank
the staff for having shown such . (commit)
16.Having a good knowledge is one thing but being able is another thing. A lack of
sometimes causes serious problems. (communicate)
17.Only qualified can compete in the final in Shanghai.(compete)
18.I had confidence in her at first. But later I changed my mind. (complete)
19.We a survey to find out what our customers thought of our local bus service. The result
showed that most passengers were satisfied with the . (conduct)
20.Be a bit more about yourself! In some way, your will surely help you achieve
success. (confident)
21.For , I’m living at my mother’s house until my new apartment is ready. If it’s
for you, you can come to stay with us this weekend. (convenient)
22.True have the ability to create something new. Experimenting with materials
something new can go a long way towards helping develop children’s .In this way, they may - 2 -
become people who have many new ideas. The problem they face is how to use these
ideas .(create)
23.The war has ended but the government spending on is still increasing.(defend)
24.He himself to a worthy cause. His won respect of the public. (devote)
25.Last night I went to see a film by a famous . I found many of my former classmates
I arrived there. Under the of the broadcaster, I finally found my seat. (direct)
26.We searched all morning for the missing papers and finally them in a drawer. The
of the papers brought us a sense of relief. (discover)
27.On hearing the news, they held a meeting whether they would take part in the competition.
After a heated , they finally decided to have a try. (discuss)
28.There is no that Catherine is about her future, for she whether she can
continue to work.(doubt)
29.When I was in trouble, the teacher me to keep going. With her help and , I worked
hard until I succeeded. I’ll never forget her words. (encourage)
30.(1)As a teacher, we must have love and patience. We must be to the job. We should treat
every student .(equal)
(2)Don’t you believe in between men and women?(equal)
31.Our parents have high of us. They us to enter a good university, find a good job
and live a happy life. (expect)
32.At yesterday’s lecture, the professor to us why the government couldn’t make a clear
for the attack.(explain)
33.In the letter I that I would give him a present as an of gratitude.(express)
34.Hearing her arguments, I to admit that I had done it wrong, wearing a and
embarrassed smile on my face. (force)
35.Seeing a little dog suddenly appear in front of my car, I slammed on the brakes without .
If I for a second, the dog would have been killed. (hesitate)
36.I feel to make a speech tonight to celebrate Mother’s Day in of our mothers.
(honour)
37.He to start a business after graduating from college. Knowing his , his parents
praised him a lot.(intend)
38.Mr. Brown Mrs. Brown in 2005, and they have a very happy . Now they would like
to see their daughter get , settle down and have kids.(marry)
39. the eggs into the flour. The of flour and eggs is then left in a warm place
for four hours. (mix)
40.Grey decided to move to the countryside. His mother had no to it, while his father
to it. (object)
41.She had an outstanding ability of , and she a letter on the table which read "Please
the local customs."(observe)
42.The committee members the bill and gave some ideas. (oppose)
43.I waited and waited, but there was still no answer. Ten minutes passing by, my finally
ran out and I couldn’t help yelling at him .(patient)
44.That famous is said to a humorous at yesterday’s evening party, which
has left a deep impression on the audience. (perform)
45.She works for a company that electrical goods. Their always enjoy great success
when introduced to the market. The company’s new model will be in early next year. (produce)
46.The town has changed beyond since I left here. I could hardly it when I saw its
picture. (recognize)
47.In to your question about cost, the ticket for the film is 35 yuan each.(refer) - 3 -
48.Listening to music is one of my favorite . myself, I usually lie on the sofa,
enjoying the music. After that I always feel .(relax)
49.That young man is honest and cooperative and he is always there when you need his help. In short,
he’s .(rely)
50.America first by people who came from Asia about 25,000 years ago. In the 19th century,
many Native Americans were killed by Europeans, the new ,during the of the American
West. (settle)
51.All the members should realize the value and (significant) of what they are going to do.
52.He at the last meeting that we accept the given by the teacher. (suggest)
53.To our , he didn’t feel at the news at all. (surprise)
54.After years of regular , she gradually became healthy.(treat)
55.The doctor said he was a and was willing to participate in the
activities.(volunteer)
二、在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词 —— 固定搭配
1.Accused acting dishonestly in her business, she was in low spirits.
2.If you’re going to come, please let me know advance.
3.I think what appeals me about his painting is his use of color.
4.Nowadays,more and more people attach importance their way of life and their state of mind.
5.When I was standing on the stage to be awarded, I couldn’t help thinking that this prize belonged
everyone of our team.
6.I have typed up some lecture notes the benefit of those people who were absent last week.
7.More and more people began to realize that nothing could be equal the affection of parents
for their children in the world.
8.It is feared that people living near the power station may have been exposed radiation.
9.I use the Spring Festival as an example because it is familiar most readers.
10.Would you please do me favour to pass me the newspaper? I want to know the latest news.
11.I felt guilty breaking my promise last time.
12.That year, the country set up a holiday honour of the historian.
13.These early settlers owed their survival hard work and firm determination to succeed at
that time.
14. It’s no secret that American infrastructure( 基 础 设 施 ) is aging. Concrete structures,
particular, are in desperate need of repair.
15.If you don’t know the spelling of a word, you should refer a dictionary.
16. my regret, I cannot join you and your family, because I will be fully occupied with an
important exam the day after tomorrow.
17.My goal was to raise $50,000 support of the movement to end hunger.
18.We have a duty to lend them a hand when they are trouble.
三、写出画线部分在语境中的含义—— 熟词生义
1.When young, Jack was very much attached to doing some reading before going to bed.
2.If the structure of your speech is loose and confusing, chances are that your thinking is also
disordered.
3.(1)The most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger.
(2)But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practicing it
so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
(3)On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally
bore fruit.
(4)But more importantly, we made a commitment to quality and customer service.
4.More than two students have been concerned in this affair, so they have to give
explanations. - 4 -
5.What conclusion did you draw from the report?
6.I don’t feel easy about letting the kids go out alone.
7.No one equals him in playing football in our school.
8.(1)The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the street with a
cameraman to interview people on the spot.
(2)TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children’s publishing, bringing a unique combination
of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.
(3)"You know," Kurt said simply, "growth is not an automatic process." And that’s when it hit me.
I wasn’t doing anything on purpose to make myself better.
9.The government’s view is that raising taxes now will not be in the nation’s interests.
10.He removed his wet shirt and threw it into a chair.
11.I hope they’ll have the sense to shut the windows before they leave.
12.After dropping my son at the school gate I drove to Starbucks to pick up a coffee as a
treat.
四、用括号中动词的适当形式填空——不规则变化
1.His reputation for carelessness was established long before the latest problems (arise).
2.A conclusion can (draw) from these surveys.
3.Your guidance makes us achieve what we (dream) of. Thank you for being my teacher.
4.Some of the forests are about to disappear forever, for which humans’ destructive acts won’t
(forgive).
5.On arriving home, she her coat on the hanger, sat on the couch and began to watch a film in which
the hero by the enemies. (hang)
6.His presence (mean) that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity
would infect(感染)other students.
7.With the exception of using a small microwave oven to heat food, no students (permit) to
cook in their rooms.
8.Under the present system, you’re innocent until (prove) guilty.
9.On page 2 of your handout you can find a list of the books that I (refer) to during the
lecture yesterday.
10.British weather can never (rely) on — it’s always changing.
11.He (seek) revenge for Jo’s separating him from his wife and son but failed.
12.A boat loaded with sand into the lake yesterday when a group of sailors were searching for
another boat. (sink)
13.A complete project must (submit) by March 10th.
14.He picked up the newspaper (throw) away by the boy and (throw) it into the
dustbin.
15.I (wake)up the next morning, thinking I would definitely be criticized.
五、改正下列句子中的唯一错误——易错易混
1.They admired him at his excellent performance in the football game.
2.I’m busy preparing my driving test now, and you can make an appointment to me another time.
3.Light from streetlamps is leading to birds being wide awaken.
4.Who do you think should be in the charge of such a situation?
5.The firefighters couldn’t get closely to the fire because there were too many people in the
street.
6.She was tired of the hard life in the mountain village and desired go out.
7.The report recommends that more resources be devoted to teach four-year-old children.
8.In the picture, we can see that some young ladies are dressing in fashionable clothes.
9.Take things easily for a few days and you should be all right. - 5 -
10.Under the encouragement and support of my father, I have overcome many difficulties in my
life.
11.The theme park you are probably most familiar to is Disneyland.
12.In the end, the love you take is equally to the love you give.
13.As for me, I’m in the favour of the opinion that women and men get equal pay for equal work.
14.Bob failed to pass the exam, for he didn’t keep his mind fixing on his lessons.
15.It’s a honour for me to be invited to the birthday party of this lady.
16.Last Friday, I was cooking in the kitchen when someone knocked the door.
17.The majority of students object to have too many classes because they have no time to relax after
class.
18.The officer ordered that each soldier made preparations for attacking immediately.
19.I think she has already tried her best, so please don’t be too particular for her job.
20.If you find pleasures in deep thinking about different ideas, characters and facts, you are a
critical thinker.
六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子——书面表达
1.通过参与志愿者工作, 你将受益匪浅。(voluntary, benefit)
2.她投身于教育事业,十分注重培养学生的学习兴趣。(devote, attach)
3.尽管有点儿难,但我们还是被允许在那个地区宣传吸烟的危害。令人惊喜的是,我们所做的事情吸引了许多当
地居民。(allow, appeal)
4.生病之后他才意识到保持健康的重要性。现在,他每天都锻炼身体,还定期参加户外运动。(fit, join, regular)
5.我恐怕不能信守承诺与你讨论中国画了,对因此有可能造成的所有不便,我真诚地表示歉意。(promise,
express, inconvenience)
复习效果测评
一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空——词形转换
1.第一空修饰动词,用副词,填 accurately;第二空修饰名词 data,用形容词,填 accurate;第三空用在介词 with
的后面,填名词 accuracy。
2.第一空考查 be able to do sth."能够做某事",应填不定式 to achieve; 第二空前有形容词 small,且根据句
意可知,此处意为"成就",为可数名词,再结合前面的 was 可知,应填单数名词 achievement;第三空用在 was 后,作
表语,填形容词 achievable。- 6 -
3.我非常钦佩能在这么艰苦的条件下工作的人。我的邻居莉莉就是其中之一。她对工作的奉献精神令人钦佩。
我对她的敬佩与日俱增。第一空作谓语,应该用动词,结合语境可知填 admire;第二空在 is 后面,作表语,填形容
词 admirable;第三空在形容词性物主代词 My 后面,应该用名词,填 admiration。
4.第一空作主语,应用名词,由语境可知,填 advertisement;第二空作后置定语,且 the product 与 advertise 之
间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,应该用过去分词形式,填 advertised。
5.第一空在 be 动词后面,应该用形容词,描述事情的性质,填 annoying;第二空作主语从句的谓语,表示过去的动
作,填 annoyed;第三空作宾语补足语,结合语境可知应填 annoyed,表示"恼火的"。
6.第一空作谓语,Mr. Shen 与 appoint 之间为动宾关系,再根据 were signed 可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语
态,填 was appointed;第二空用在定冠词 the 之后,应该用名词,再结合句意可知,填 appointment,表示"任命";第
三空作定语,且 appoint 与所修饰的名词 leader 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词形式,填 appointed。
7.第一空在谓语动词后面且由 any 修饰,应该用名词,填 appreciation;第二空在主语 they 后面作谓语,根据句
意可知,填 appreciate。
8.第一空考查 used to do sth."过去常常做某事",应用动词原形 argue;第二空用作主语,表示"争论",既可作可
数名词,也可作不可数名词,填名词 argument(s)。
9.第一空作谓语,根据语境可知,此处表示过去的动作,应用一般过去时,填 arrived;第二空用在介词 On 之后,用
名词或动词-ing 均可,填 arrival/arriving,on (one’s) arrival/arriving 表示"(某人)一到就……"。
10.(1)根据句意可知,填 assessment,表示"评估"。(2)空处应填 to assess,构成"特殊疑问词+不定式"结构。
11.(1)空处填 associated,构成固定搭配 be associated with。(2)空处填 association,构成固定搭配 in
association with。
12.第一空用作谓语,主语为第三人称单数,填 behaves;第二空与 her 一起作主语,应该用名词,根据 makes 可知,
填 behavio(u)r。
13.(1)空处填名词 benefit, be of benefit to 为固定表达,意为"对……有益,有好处"。(2)第一空填动词
benefit,benefit from 为固定搭配,意为"从……中受益";第二空所填词修饰名词 effect,应用形容词,故填
beneficial。
14.get close to 表示"靠近",所以第一空应用表示具体意义的副词 close;第二空应用非谓语动词作后置定语,表
示"关闭的工厂",填 closed;第三空表示"严密地",应该用表示抽象意义的副词 closely。
15.第一空考查短语 be committed to,表示"投入……",填 committed;第二空在动词后作宾语,且其前有 such 修
饰,应用名词,此处表示"奉献",填不可数名词 commitment。
16.第一空考查 be able to do 的用法,填 to communicate;第二空在介词 of 后作宾语,表示"交流",填
communication。
17.只有合格的参赛者才能参加在上海的决赛。第一空作主语,表示"参赛者,竞争者",填 competitors; 第二空填
名词 competition,final competition 表示"决赛"。
18.第一空在动词后、名词前,表示"完全的",用形容词 complete;第二空作状语,修饰动词,表示"彻底地",用副词
completely。
19.第一空作谓语,由 thought 以及 showed 可知此处表示过去的动作,填 conducted;第二空用在定冠词 the 后
作介词的宾语,且此处不止一个售票员,填 conductors。
20.第一空用在 be 动词后作表语,应该用形容词,填 confident;第二空作主语,根据句意可知,填 confidence。
21.第一空用在介词后作宾语,应该用名词,根据句意可知,填 convenience;第二空作表语,应该用形容词,根据句
意可知,填 convenient。
22.第一空作主语,表示"创造者",填 creators;第二空应该用动词不定式表目的,填 to create; 第三空用在名词所
有格之后,表示"创造力,创造性",填 creativity;第四空用在系动词 become 之后,名词 people 之前,应用形容词
creative,表示"有创造力的";第五空修饰动词 use,填副词 creatively,表示"创造性地"。
23.该空作介词的宾语,依据句意可知,填名词 defence。
24.他投身于崇高的事业,他的奉献(精神)赢得了公众的尊敬。第一空作谓语,表示过去的动作,填 devoted;第二
空作宾语,应该用名词,填 devotion。
25.第一空用 directed,为过去分词作后置定语,动词 direct 表示"导演(戏剧或电影)";第二空用 director,意为
"导演";第三空要填有连接意义的词,故用 directly,意为"一……就……";第四空用 direction,意为"指导"。
26.第一空作谓语,表示过去的动作,填 discovered;第二空作主语,应该用名词形式,填 discovery。
27.第一空用动词不定式表目的,填 to discuss;第二空前有冠词 a 及形容词 heated,应该用名词,填 discussion。
28.第一空用 doubt,句型 There is no doubt that...表示"毫无疑问……";第二空用 doubtful,为形容词作表语;
第三空作谓语,主语为 she,再结合句子时态可知,填 doubts。
29.第一空作谓语,表示过去的动作,填动词 encouraged;第二空作宾语,填名词 encouragement;第三空作定语,修
饰 words,表示"鼓舞人心的",填形容词 encouraging。
30.(1)第一空用作表语,表示"能胜任的",填形容词 equal;第二空作状语,修饰动词 treat,填副词 equally。(2)此
空作介词的宾语,表示"平等",填名词 equality。
31.第一空作宾语,填名词 expectations,have+adj.+expectations of sb.为固定搭配,意为"对某人抱有……期
望";第二空作谓语,填动词 expect。- 7 -
32.第一空作谓语,根据时间状语可知,应用一般过去时,填 explained;第二空用在不定冠词 a 和形容词之后,应
用名词,填 explanation。
33.第一空作谓语,再结合语境可知,填动词 expressed;第二空作宾语,填名词 expression。
34.第一空作定语修饰名词 arguments,用形容词 forceful,表示"有说服力的";第二空作谓语,主语 I 与动词
force 之间为被动关系,且由从句的时态可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态 was forced;第三空用形容词 forced
作定语,表示"勉强的"。
35.第一空作介词 without 的宾语,用名词 hesitation,without hesitation 意为"毫不犹豫";第二个句子是对过
去情况的假设,用过去完成时,故第二空填 had hesitated。
36.第一空,feel honoured to do sth.意为"做某事感到荣幸",填 honoured;第二空,in honour of 意为"为
向……表示敬意",填 honour。
37.第一空作谓语,表示过去的动作,故填 intended;第二空作宾语,应该用名词,再结合语境可知,填 intention。
38.第一空作谓语,A marry B 表示"A 和 B 结婚",由 in 2005 可知应填 married;第二空作宾语,表示"婚姻",用名
词 marriage;第三空 get 后应用 married,表示结婚这一行为。
39.第一空所在句是祈使句,应该用动词原形 Mix;第二空作主语,表示"混合物",用名词 mixture/mix。
40.第一空考查固定搭配,have no objection to sth."不反对某事",故填 objection;第二空作谓语,object to
sth.表示"反对某事",再结合语境可知填 objected。
41.第一空作宾语,表示"观察",用名词 observation ;第二空作谓语,表示"看到,注意到",由 had 可知,填过去式
observed;第三空所在句是祈使句,表示"遵守",用动词原形 observe。
42.第一空作谓语,表示"反对",由 gave 可知,事情发生在过去,故填 opposed;第二空作定语修饰 ideas,表示"相
反的",故填 opposite/opposing。
43.我等呀等呀,但仍然没有答复。十分钟过去了,我的耐心最终耗尽了,我忍不住不耐烦地冲他大喊起来。分析
句子结构可知,第一空作主语,应用名词 patience;第二空作状语,根据语境可知,此处表示"不耐烦地",故用
impatiently。
44.第一空应填 performer,表示"演员";第二空考查 sb. is said to have done sth."据说某人已经做了某事
",故填 have performed;第三空,根据前面的不定冠词 a 及句意可知,应填名词 performance,表示"演出"。
45.第一空作谓语,表示"生产"这一动作,由 works 可知,此空填动词 produces;第二空作主语,表示"产品",填
products;in production 为固定用法,表示"在生产中",第三空填 production。
46.第一空作介词的宾语,change beyond recognition 表示"变得面目全非",填 recognition;第二空在情态动词
could 后,填 recognize。
47.此空作介词的宾语,in reference to 表示"关于",填 reference。
48.第一空作介词的宾语,表示"休闲活动",结合空前的 one of 可知填名词复数 relaxations;第二空应用动词不
定式表目的,填 To relax;第三空作定语,表示"令人放松的",填 relaxing;第四空作表语,表示"放松的",填
relaxed。
49.此空作表语,表示"可靠的",填形容词 reliable。
50.大约 25 000 年前,从亚洲来的人首次在美洲定居。19 世纪,许多美洲印第安人在美国西部的开拓过程中被欧
洲人——新的定居者杀害。第一空作谓语,由 by 及时间状语可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填 was
settled;第二空用在定冠词 the 后,作 Europeans 的同位语,应该用名词,根据句意可知,填 settlers;第三空用在
during the 后,应该用名词,根据句意可知,表示"移居,开拓",填 settlement。
51.考查形容词变换为名词。所有成员都应该认识到他们将要做的事情的价值和重要性。故此处应填名词
significance。
52.第一空作谓语,由 the last meeting 可知应填动词过去式 suggested;第二空作宾语,填名词 suggestion(s)。
53.第一空填名词 surprise,to one’s surprise 表示"让某人惊讶的是";第二空作表语,表示"惊讶的",修饰人,填
形容词 surprised;第三空作定语,表示
"令人惊讶的",修饰物,填形容词 surprising。
54.空处在句中作宾语,应该用名词,填 treatment。
55.第一空作表语,表示"志愿者",填 volunteer;第二空作定语,应该用形容词,填 voluntary。
二、在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词——固定搭配
1.of。 be accused of 被指控。
2.in。 in advance 提前。
3.to。 appeal to 吸引。
4.to。 attach importance to 重视……
5.to。 belong to 属于。
6.for。 for the benefit of 为了。
7.to。 be equal to 比得上。
8.to。 be exposed to 暴露于……
9.to。 be familiar to 为……所熟悉。
10.a。 do sb. a favour 帮某人的忙。
11. about。 feel guilty about 对……感到内疚。- 8 -
12.in。 in honour of 纪念……
13.to。 owe...to...把……归功于……
14.in。 in particular 尤其。
15.to。 refer to 查阅。
16.To。 to one’s regret 使某人遗憾的是。
17.in。 in support of 支持。
18.in。 be in trouble 陷入困境。
三、写出画线部分在语境中的含义——熟词生义
1.attach 熟义: v.系,附上。此处 be attached to 表示"依恋,喜欢",类似于 be fond of。
2.chance 熟义:n.机会,机遇。此处表示"可能性"。
3.commit 熟义:v.做出(错事),犯(罪)。句(1)中 committed 表示"犯";句(2)中 committed 表示"投入"。commitment
熟义:n.投入,奉献。commitment 在句(3)中表示"投入",在句(4)中表示"承诺"。
4.concern 熟义:n.关心,担心 v.使担忧。此处 concern 作动词,表示"涉及,牵涉",类似于 involve。
5.draw 熟义:v.画,描绘;拉,拖。此处表示"得出(结论)",类似于 conclude 等。
6.easy 熟义:adj. 容易的。此处表示"不担心的"。
7.equal 熟义:adj. 平等的,同等的。此处作动词,表示"比得上"。
8.hit 熟义:v.击,打。(1)中 hit 作动词,表示"到达(某地)";(2)中 hit 作名词,表示"很受欢迎的事物";(3)中 hit 作
动词,表示"使突然想起"。
9.interest 熟义:n.兴趣。在此处表示"利益"。
10.remove 熟义:v.移开,拿开。在此处表示"脱去",类似于 take off。
11.sense 熟义:n.感觉,感受。此处表示"见识,良好的判断"。have the sense to do sth.意为"有做某事的常识"。
12.treat 熟义:v. 治疗;对待。此处用作名词,表示"款待"。
四、用括号中动词的适当形式填空——不规则变化
1.arise→arose→arisen。所填词在句中作谓语,由 was 可知,填过去式 arose。应注意 arise 为不及物动词,没
有被动语态。
2.draw→drew→drawn。所填词与 can 一起构成谓语,Aconclusion 与 draw 之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填
be drawn。
3.dream→dreamt/dreamed→dreamt/dreamed。所填词作谓语,dream 这个动作在 makes 表示的动作之前发生,应
用现在完成时,故填 havedreamt/dreamed。注意:dream 的过去式和过去分词有两种。过去式和过去分词有两种
的动词常见的还有:burn→burnt/burned→burnt/burned; learn→learned/learnt→learned/learnt。
4.forgive→forgave→forgiven。所填词与 won’t 一起构成谓语, acts 与 forgive 之间为被动关系,应用被动
语态,故填 be forgiven。
5.hang(悬挂)→hung→hung; hang(绞死)→hanged→hanged。第一空用 hang 的过去式 hung,表示"悬挂";第二空
应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填 was hanged, 表示"被绞死"。
6.mean→meant→meant。他的存在意味着我在班里有一位意想不到的助教,他的创造力会感染其他学生。所填
词在句中作谓语,由空后的 had 可知应填过去式 meant。应注意 mean 的过去式和过去分词都是 meant。
7.permit→permitted→permitted。分析句子结构可知,句子的主语 students 和 permit 之间为被动关系,故应
用被动语态;又根据语境可知,应用一般现在时,再结合 no students 可知,填 are permitted。
8.prove→proved→proven/proved 。 此 处 为 "until you are proved/proven guilty" 的 省 略 , 故 填
proven/proved。
9.refer→referred→referred。由从句时间状语 yesterday 可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填过去式 referred。
应注意要双写 refer 的最后一个字母 r,再加-ed。
10.rely→relied→relied。所填词与 can never 一起构成谓语,British weather 与 rely on 之间为被动关系,
应用被动语态,故填 be relied。
11.seek→sought→sought。所填词在句中作谓语,故填过去式 sought。
12.sink→sank→sunk。由 yesterday 可知,第一空应该用一般过去时,故填 sank;第二空考查过去分词作前置定
语,表示已完成的动作,故填 sunk。
13.submit→submitted→submitted。project 与 submit 之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填 be submitted。
14.throw→threw→thrown。第一空所填词作后置定语修饰名词,故填 throw 的过去分词形式 thrown;第二空所
填词作谓语,由与其并列的谓语 picked up 可知,应填 throw 的过去式 threw。
15.wake→woke→woken。空处作谓语,由语境可知,此处表示已经发生的动作,故填过去式 woke。
五、改正下列句子中的唯一错误——易错易混
1.at→for。admire sb.for sth.意为"因某事而钦佩某人"。类似的短语还有 praise sb. for sth., blame
sb. for sth., scold sb. for sth.等。
2.to→with。make an appointment with sb.是固定搭配,意为"和某人约个时间"。
3.awaken→awake。 awake 为形容词作表语。wide awake"睡意全无"是固定表达。
4.去掉 the。in charge of 意为"负责……",而 in the charge of 意为"由……负责"。
5.closely→close。get close to 意为"靠近",是固定表达。- 9 -
6.在 go 前加 to。desire to do sth.表示"渴望做某事"。
7.teach→teaching。devote...to...意为"把……用于……",to 是介词,其后接名词、代词或动词-ing。
8.dressing→dressed。be dressed in 意为"穿着……"。"be+过去分词+介词"构成的常见短语还有:be exposed
to(遭受……),be devoted to(致力于……)等。
9.easily→easy。take things easy"放松,悠着点儿"是固定结构。
10.Under→With。withtheencouragementandsupportof 意为"在……的鼓励和支持下"。类似的短语还有:with
the help of(在……的帮助下);with the permission of(在……的允许下)等。
11.to→with。be familiar to sb.意为"为某人所熟知";be familiar with sth.意为"对某事物熟悉"。
12.equally→equal。be equal to 意为"等于,相当于",是固定用法。
13.把 favour 前的 the 去掉。in favour of 意为"赞同……"。 英语中,常用的"in+名词+of"短语还有: in need
of 需要……;in memory of 为了纪念……;in charge of 负责……;in possession of 拥有……;in praise of 为了
赞扬……
14.fixing→fixed。fix one’s mind on sb./sth.是惯用搭配,意为"把注意力集中于……"。动词 fix 在句中
作宾补,与宾语 mind 是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用其过去分词形式表示被动。
15.a→an。honour 在此句中是可数名词,表示"光荣的事",且 honour 的发音以元音音素开头,所以前面要用不定
冠词 an。
16.在 knocked 后加 on/at。knock on/at the door 意为"敲门"。
17.第一个 have→having。短语 object to 中的 to 为介词,后接 v-ing 作宾语。
18.made→make。order(命令)后接 that 引导的宾语从句时,从句要用虚拟语气,从句谓语用"should+动词原形
",should 可省略。
19.for→about。be particular about sth."对某事挑剔"是固定搭配。
20.pleasures→pleasure。名词 pleasure 一般用作抽象名词,没有复数形式;只有表示"乐事,快事"时,才用作可
数名词。根据语境可知,pleasure 在此处应表示"愉快,快乐,高兴",为不可数名词。
六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子——书面表达
1.You will benefit a lot from being involved in voluntary work.
2.She devoted herself to the teaching career, and attached great importance to developing students’
interest in learning.
3.Although it was a little difficult, we were allowed to advertise the harm of smoking in that area.
It was amazing that what we did appealed to a lot of local residents.
4.Not until he was ill did he realize the importance of keeping fit. Now, he takes exercise every
day and also joins outdoor activities on a regular basis.
5.I’m afraid I won’t be able to keep my promise to discuss Chinese paintings with you. I sincerely
express my apologies for any inconvenience it may have caused.
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