- 1 -
专题十 情态动词和虚拟语气
题组 1 限时模拟
A 单句填空
1.[2020 江苏扬州高三期中调研,27]I (abandon)my dream of becoming a pianist, but for the
encouragement from that music teacher.
2.[2020 黑龙江期中,1]Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam (is)
at the age of six months.
3.[2020 江苏无锡期中,32]—How impressive China’s 70th anniversary of National Day parade is!
—Definitely. If only I (be)on the scene!
4.[2019 江苏高三模考,10]According to the school rules, no child be allowed out of
school, unless accompanied by his or her own parents.
5.[2019 北京高三检测,12]You (do)something great, otherwise you wouldn’t
have got the promotion.
6.[2019 江苏扬州高三期中联考,34]If you leave within 15 minutes, you park your car at the
roadside temporarily.
7.[2019 江苏高三调研,23]—Did you go to the party last night?
—Yes, but I’d rather I (go) there. It was so boring.
8.[2019 北京海淀区高三期中,32]Kelly failed Mr. Brown’s literature course. She have handed
in the report earlier.
9.[2019 天津滨海新区高三期中,28]—Here you are. This is the hotel!
—It’s so close to the station. We have taken the taxi at all!
10.[2019 江 苏 苏 州 期 中 调 研 ,26]Why did you throw the bottle out of the window? Somebody
(hurt).
B 单句改错
11.[2020 湖北部分重点学校第一次联考]Has it not been for the support, I wouldn’t have realized my
dream.
12.[2020 江西南昌重点中学高三段考]If I am you, I would consider a bike as a birthday present for
him.
13.[2020 陕西部分学校摸底检测]As students, we mustn’t study hard so as to serve our society and
our nation in the future.
14.[2020 河南中原名校第二次质量考评]On arrival, I reached for my mobile phone, but I couldn’t find
it anywhere. Han Mei thought I should have left it in the taxi.
15.[2020 吉林长春东第一次摸底考试]If only I can be successful like you! I would appreciate
it if you could write me back and give me your advice.
16.[2019 河北衡水中学第一次联考]In the beginning, all the students felt shy and dared not to express
themselves. - 2 -
17.[2019 广东六校第一次联考]When I got the papers, I realized things could have been better if I
listened to the teacher more attentively.
18.[2019 河北邯郸九校第一次联考]I suggest that our school must take measures to encourage more
students to take part in sports.
19.[2019 安 徽 安 庆 高 三 二 调 ]By the way, should you give me some advice on how to learn maths
well?
题组 2 精选真题
A 单句填空
1.[2019 天津,14]The workers were not better organized, otherwise they (accomplish)the task
in half the time.
2.[2018 江苏,24]It’s strange that he have taken the books without the owner’s
permission.
3.[2018 天津,10]I can’t find my purse. I (leave)it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m
not sure.
4.[2018 北京,13]They might have found a better hotel if they (drive)a few more
kilometers.
5.[2018 江苏,27]There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I (have)a second chance
to become more involved.
6.[2018 天津,15]If we (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the
beach now.
7.[2017 北京,21]Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top
shelf.
8.[2017 天津,15]—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I able to reach her yesterday.
9.[2016 天津,5]It was really annoying; I get access to the data bank you had recommended.
10.[2016 北京,31]I love the weekend, because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.
11.[2016 天津,15]I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I (injure).
12.[2016 北京,34]Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you (tell)me, I could
have helped.
13.[2015 陕西,21]You feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure
later you’ll be grateful you did it.
14.[2015 北京,29]—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late. I really go now. My daughter is home alone.
15.[2015 天津,7]I have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are
very friendly to me.
16.[2015 安徽,32]It is lucky we booked a room, or we (have)nowhere to stay now.
B 单句改错- 3 -
17.[2018 全国Ⅱ改错]As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I... my parents
would not to let me.
18.[2016 甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.
19.[2016 甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.
20.[2015 新课标全国Ⅰ改错]We must found ways to protect our environment.
A 专项语篇型填空(情态动词和虚拟语气)
Rain or shine, Tom is always the first to arrive at the office. His home 1 be very near the
office, or he 2 be always in time for work. How I wish that I 3 (live)close to work, so that
I 4 not get up so early every day. Yesterday, for example, I would 5 (arrive) in time for work
as usual if I hadn’t been caught in a traffic jam. The boss was so angry with me that he demanded
I 6 arrive at work early enough later on, saying that should I be caught being late again, he
7 (punish)me.
I 8 stop doing everything and go to bed now. Anyhow, it’s time that I 9 (go) to sleep, and
I hope I 10 arrive at work on time tomorrow. It will be bad to be caught arriving late again.
B 语法填空
[2020 安徽示范高中名校联考]Have you ever wondered where Lego(乐高)came from? Like many great
inventions, the story is not only one of a great idea, 1 one of tons of hard work and perseverance(毅
力).
The story started in Denmark. Ole Christiansen was a carpenter 2 was struggling with his
small business. His wife died 3 (short) after his fourth son was born. He had to work hard to
support his family alone. He started making wooden toys, but they didn’t sell well. He thought his
toys needed a name, and he chose 4 name "Lego".
Unfortunately, several years later, his workshop 5 (burn) to the ground. Soon, he started to
make a few plastic toys. He got the idea of creating a "system" of toys that would build up kids’
6 (imagine) and creativity. He decided to stop 7 (make) wooden toys and focus only on the
connected plastic toys. Then he started to build more and more kinds of 8 (model). Each one had
to be of the 9 (high) quality, which can be reflected in Lego’s motto — "Only the best is good
enough. "
Thanks to his perseverance, kids can enjoy Lego toys, movies, amusement parks and clothing. But
none of this would have existed at that time if he 10 (give) up when times were hard.
C 短文改错
[2019 湖北武汉部分学校调研]Dear Sir,
Last Saturday I went shop at your food store and saw a saleswoman take the ready-to-eat food
and the money with the same hands. I didn’t think this was not the right thing to do for her. But
when I told her about it, she got so angrily that she said it was none of your business and asked
me to leave the counter.
A saleswoman has a bad effect on your store. I am sure that you will not allow so kind of things
to happen again. I suggest that you took steps to punish those who is irresponsible for the work
and impolite to the customer. I would appreciate if you let me know what you have done to solve
the problem.- 4 -
Yours faithfully,
Lei Yang
题组 1 限时模拟
A 单句填空
1.might have abandoned 句意:要不是来自那位音乐老师的鼓励,我可能就放弃成为钢琴家的梦想了。此处表
达的是与过去事实相反的假设,所以应用"might have + 过去分词"。
2.(should) be 句意:眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次眼睛检查。recommend 表示"建议"时,其后
的宾语从句的谓语要用"(should+)动词原形",故填(should) be。
3.had been 句意:——国庆 70 周年阅兵式真是令人印象深刻!——当然,要是我在现场就好了!根据句意可知,
此处表达的是与过去事实相反的假设,故填 had been。
4.shall 句意:根据学校规定,除非有自己的父母陪同,否则任何儿童不得离开学校。根据语境可知,此处表示学
校的规定,含有命令的意味,因此从语气上来分析可知应该用 shall。
5.must have done 句意:你一定做了了不起的事,否则你是得不到晋升的。根据句意可知,此处表示对过去事情
有把握的肯定推测,应用 must have done。
6.can/may 句意:如果你在 15 分钟内离开,你可以暂时把车停在路边。根据语境可知,此处表示许可,故用
can/may。
7.hadn’t gone 句意:——昨晚你去参加聚会了吗?——是的,但我宁愿我没有去那里,太无聊了。would rather
后的宾语从句用虚拟语气;根据句意可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,因此从句的谓语应用"haddone"形式。
8.should 句意:Kelly 没有通过布朗先生的文学课,她本应该早点提交报告的。should have done sth."本应
该做某事(而实际上未做)"符合语境。
9.needn’t 根据"It’s so close to the station"可知,旅馆离车站很近,因此根本没必要乘出租车。
needn’t have done"本不必做某事(而实际上做了)"符合语境。
10.could/might have been hurt 根据语境及第一句的时态可知,第二句表示对过去情况的推测,应用
could/might have done 表示"可能已经做了某事";且 Somebody 与 hurt(弄伤)之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,故
填 could/might have been hurt。
B 单句改错
11.Has→Had 分析句子结构可知,逗号前为省略了 if 的虚拟条件句,根据主句中的"wouldn’t have realized"
可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句应用过去完成时,故把 Has 改为 Had。
12.am→were 根据语境可知,此处表示"如果我是你",表示与现在的事实相反,故用虚拟语气,be 动词用 were。
13.mustn’t→must 此处表示我们必须要努力学习,故用 must。
14.should→must 此处表示韩梅认为我一定是把它落在出租车上了。表达对过去情况的肯定推测,应用 must
have done。故将 should 改为 must。
15.can→could If only 后用虚拟语气,此处表示对将来情况的虚拟,从句谓语用过去时态。故把 can 改成
could。
16.删掉 to 句意:开始,所有学生都感到害羞,不敢表达自己的想法。此处 dare 为情态动词,后接动词原形,故删
掉 to。
17.listened 前加 had 句意:当我拿到试卷的时候,我意识到,如果(当初)我更加专心听老师讲课,我就能做得更
好。根据句意及"could have been"可知,此处为虚拟语气,且表示与过去事实相反的假设,故 if 引导的从句应用
过去完成时,在 listened 前加 had。
18.must→should 或删掉 must 句意:我建议我们学校采取措施鼓励更多的学生参加体育运动。suggest 意为"
建议",后接宾语从句时,从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语形式为"should+动词原形",should 可以省略。故可将 must
改为 should 或者删掉 must。
19.should→could/would/can 句意:顺便问一下,你能给我一些关于如何学好数学的建议吗?在疑问句中,表示
请求,应用 could,can 或 would。- 5 -
题组 2 精选真题
A 单句填空
1.wouldhaveaccomplished 句意:工人们没有被更好地组织起来,否则的话他们会用那一半的时间完成任务的。
此处考查虚拟语气,otherwise 前的内容所述的是过去的事实,因此后半部分表示对过去情况的假设,应用
"would have done"。
2.should 句意:很奇怪,他竟然未经主人的许可就拿走了那些书。should"竟然",符合句意。
3.could/might have left 根据句意及时间状语 yesterday 可判断,此处表示对过去情况的推测;根据下文"我
不肯定"可知,应用"情态动词 could/might+have done"结构。
4.had driven 句意:如果再开几千米,他们可能会找到一家更好的旅馆。根据语境可知,此处表示与过去事实相
反的假设,从句应该用过去完成时。
5.had 根据"There is a good social life in the village"可知,时间的着眼点是现在,因此 wish 后的从句
是对现在情况的虚拟,应用一般过去时。
6.had caught 根据句意可知,此处是一个虚拟条件句,条件从句中有时间状语 yesterday,因此从句表示与过去
事实相反的假设,故从句应用过去完成时。
7.can 句意:Samuel 是我们班个子最高的男孩,他能轻易够着书架顶层的书。根据句意可知,空处表能力,故用
can。
8.wouldn’t have been 句意:——你有 Betty 的电话号码吗?——是的,不然我昨天就不可能联系上她了。根
据 句 中 的 时 间 状 语 yesterday 和 副 词 Otherwise 判 断 , 这 里 表 示 与 过 去 事 实 相 反 的 假 设 , 此 时 谓 语 用
"could/might/would/should+have done"形式。
9.couldn’t 句意:这真让人恼火,我无法使用你推荐的那个数据库。根据句意及前文中的"was"可知应填
couldn’t 表示"不能够"。
10.needn’t 句意:我喜欢周末,因为在星期六和星期日我不需要早起。根据语境可知此处表示"不需要,不必",
故用 needn’t。
11.would have been injured 根据"I was wearing a seatbelt"和"If I hadn’t been wearing one"可判
断出,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句用了过去完成时,主句谓语应用"would have done"形式,又主语 I 与
injure 之间是动宾关系,故填 would have been injured。
12.had told 句意:你上个星期为什么不告诉我你的问题呢?如果你告诉我了,我就能帮你了。根据句意及空后
的"could have helped"判断,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故应用过去完成时。
13.may/might 句意:你可能感觉到整个培训都在浪费时间,但是我百分之百地确信以后你将感谢你参加了这
样的培训。根据句子中的"but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it"可判断出,
此处表示对前面情况的一种推测,且语气不强烈,所以要用 may 或 might。
14.must 句意:——你就不能多待一会儿吗?——天越来越晚了。我现在真的必须走了。我女儿一个人在家里。
根据答语中的"It’s getting late"以及"My daughter is home alone"可知,这里表示必须离开,故用 must。
15.needn’t 句意:来这所新学校之前,我本没有必要担忧,因为这儿的同学们对我非常友好。needn’t have
done 表示"本没有必要做某事(但做了)"。
16.would have 句意:幸运的是我们预订了一间房。否则,我们现在就没有待的地方了。根据语境可知,or 之前
的句子是陈述语气,是事实;or 之后的句子用了虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的假设,故用 would have。
B 单句改错
17.删掉 not 后的 to would 是情态动词,在此处表示意愿,后应跟动词原形,故 to 多余。
18.chose→choose 考查情态动词的用法。情态动词 can 后应接动词原形。
19.去掉 can 或 can→should suggest 意为"建议"时,其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气,谓语形式为"should+动
词原形",should 可以省略。
20.found→find 情态动词 must 后应用动词原形,因此把 found 改为 find。
A 专项语篇型填空(情态动词和虚拟语气)
作者上班有时会迟到,而他的同事汤姆从来不迟到,因此,作者认为他肯定住得离公司很近。
1.must 这里用 must 表示非常有把握的肯定推测,"他的家离办公室肯定很近"。
2.can’t 根据句意可知,这里用 can’t 表示非常有把握的否定推测。
3.lived 分析句子结构可知,本空在句中作 wish 后面宾语从句的谓语,此处表示与现在事实相反的假设,从句
谓语应用一般过去时。
4.need 语境表示"这样我就没必要每天起得那么早了",用 need not 表示"没必要(做某事)"。
5.have arrived 此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,主句谓语应用"would have done"形式。
6.should 这里使用了"demand that+宾语从句"结构,此时宾语从句的谓语应用"(should+)动词原形"。
7.would punish 这个主从条件句表示对将来的虚拟,主句谓语应用"would+动词原形"。
8.must 这里用情态动词 must 表示"必须":我必须停下一切事情,上床睡觉。
9.went/should go 在"It’s time that..."句型中,从句谓语动词要用过去式,从句谓语也可用"should+动词
原形"(should 不可省略)。
10.can 此处是说,"我"希望明天能按时到单位,故用情态动词 can。
B 语法填空- 6 -
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了丹麦的一个木匠 Ole Christiansen 创造乐高玩具的经过。
1.but 考查连词。句意: 像许多伟大的发明一样,这个故事不仅仅是关于一个伟大的想法的,而且是关于大量的
努力和毅力的。短语 not only...but(also)...意为"不仅……而且……",故填 but。
2.who/that 考查定语从句关系词。句意:奥尔·克里斯琴森是个木匠,他的小生意做得很艰难。此处为定语从
句,修饰先行词 carpenter,指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,故填 who/that。
3.shortly 考查副词。句意:他的妻子在他的第四个儿子出生后不久就去世了。shortlyafter 表示"不久之后
",故应填副词 shortly。
4.the 考查冠词。句意:他觉得他的玩具需要一个名字,于是他选择了"乐高"这个名字。name 为可数名词,此处
表示特指,故用定冠词 the。
5.was burned(burnt) 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:不幸的是,几年后,他的作坊被夷为平地。根据 several
yearslater 可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,且主语 workshop 与 burn 之间构成被动关系,故填
was burned(burnt)。
6.imagination(s) 考查名词。句意:他的想法是创造一个玩具"系统",它可以开发孩子的想象力和创造力。空
处和 creativity 并列,故填名词,imagination 作"想象力"讲时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,故填
imagination(s)。
7.making 考查固定搭配。句意:他决定停止制作木制玩具,只专注于连接起来的塑料玩具。根据语境可知,此处
应用 stop doing sth.来表示"停止正在做的事",故填 making。
8.models 考查名词的数。句意:然后他开始建立越来越多种类的模型。model 为可数名词,且根据空前的 more
and more kinds of 可知,应填名词的复数形式 models。
9.highest 考查形容词最高级。句意:每一个都必须是最优质的,这可以体现在乐高的格言"只有最好的才足够
好"里。根据句意以及空前的 the 可知应填形容词最高级 highest。
10.had given 考查虚拟语气。句意:但如果他在困难时期放弃了,这一切在当时都不会存在。此处表示与过去
事 实 相 反 的 情 况 。 if 引 导 的 条 件 状 语 从 句 应 用 过 去 完 成 时 , 对 应 的 主 句 谓 语 应 为
"would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词"。故填 had given。
C 短文改错
本文作者向食品店老板反映自己去购物时的不愉快体验,并向老板提出了建议。
1.shop 前加 to 或 shop→shopping 考查动词不定式或固定搭配。该句意为:上周六,我到你的食品店去买东西,
看到一个女售货员用她拿过钱的那只手拿即食食品。go to shop 意为"去购物",go shopping 为固定搭配,与之
同义。
2.hands→hand 考查名词的单复数。根据语境可知,此处表示"同一只手",the same 后应用 hand 的单数形式。
3.删除 not 考查否定用法。根据句意及句子结构可知,该句使用了否定转移,not 转移到了主句谓语动词 think
的前面,表示"我认为她用拿过钱的手拿即食食品是不正确的行为",故删除 was 后的 not。
4.angrily→angry 考查形容词。该句中的"got"用作系动词,后应接形容词作表语。
5.your→my 考查人称代词。根据语境可知,此处表示"她说这不关我的事",故用"my"。
6.A→The 考查冠词。该句意为:这位女售货员对你的商店产生了不良影响。该处特指上文提到的"a
saleswoman",故用定冠词 The。
7.so→such 考查限定词。该处修饰名词 kind,故用限定词 such。该句意为:我确信你不会再让这种事情发生。
8.took→take 考查虚拟语气。该句意为:我建议你采取措施惩罚那些对工作不负责任和对顾客不礼貌的人。
suggest 表示"建议"时,其后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,从句谓语为"(should+)动词原形"。故此处用动词原形
take。
9.is→are 考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,该句为 who 引导的定语从句,关系词 who 指代前面的 those,为
复数意义,且 who 在从句中作主语,故谓语动词用 are。
10.if 前加 it 考查形式宾语。该句使用了"sb. would appreciate it if..."句型,表示"如果……某人将不胜
感激"。
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