- 1 -
题型四 语篇型语法填空
Cloze 1[2020 安徽合肥第三次质量检测]
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北京烤鸭 2 2 1 2 0 1 1 1 183 8 分钟
Beijing roast duck, which is honored with by far the 1 (delicious) dish in the world, has
won fame both at home and abroad. Nowadays, an increasing number of 2 (foreign) traveling to
Beijing fall in love with 3 .
Preparing high-quality roast duck 4 (be) a long, complicated process of many steps, from
selecting the duck at the beginning to 5 (serve) it to the diners at the end. Each step is carefully
taken to guarantee the roast duck is attractive in 6 (appear), red in color, fragrant, and hot
with thin steam when served. In the restaurant, ducks are roasted upon the order of the diners.
After the roast duck is ready, it is brought to the diners, in front of 7 a chef will skillfully
slice the juicy meat, each piece with well-cooked skin 8 (attach) to it. You can dip the slices
of duck into sweet sauce (酱), and wrap the meat with some spring onions inside a thin pancake, and
only then does one finally take a bite! Normally, the remaining bones of the duck 9 (cook) slowly
for making delicious, milk-white soup. All goes well with wine, thus making the dinner 10
unforgettable "full-duck banquet(宴会)".
Cloze 2[2020 浙江十校联考]
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欧洲铁路通票 1 3 2 1 1 1 0 1 195 8 分钟
Europe offers amazing scenery, and much of it 1 (connect) by rail. For that reason, many
travelers insist that a Eurail pass is the best way 2 (go) there. Eurail is the brand name of
a train pass that can be purchased and used only 3 non-European residents. My parents experienced
the 4 (convenient) of a Eurail pass as they traveled through eight countries in three weeks. They
loved the ease of simply getting on the train and 5 (show) their passes.
How can you get a Eurail pass? You can buy it in Europe, but it’s more expensive. It’s 6
(good) if you order it before you arrive and have it 7 (mail) to your home, office or hotel. You
can choose the length of time that you want the pass to be valid. It’s not necessary, though, to
state 8 (exact) when your travel will begin. Take care of it at the train station before you embark
on(开始) your first train trip. After that, just sit back and enjoy beautiful landscapes in the comfort
of your seat.
According to 9 passenger, "A Eurail trip is the perfect way to explore Europe and its
wonderful cities, 10 is a journey full of breathtaking adventures." Are you ready to begin your
adventure?
Cloze 3[2020 河北调研]
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计算机的发展
史
2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 165 8 分钟
The history of computer began in 1642 as a calculating machine in France. It could 1 (simple)
difficult sums. The computer developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years 2 it - 2 -
was built as an 3 (analyze) machine. In 1936, Alan Turing wrote a book about how to make the
computer work as a "universal machine" 4 (solve) any difficult mathematical problems.
At the beginning, the computer was as large as a room. This reality worried the designers. With
time 5 (go) by, it became smaller and smaller and 6 memory developed a lot. With artificial
intelligence, it is getting cleverer and cleverer, quicker and quicker. In 7 early 1960s, computers
could be connected by a network, which enabled the users to share information with others. Since
the 1970s, computers have had many new 8 (apply) and become very important in communication,
finance and trade. They have been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.
Since its birth, the computer 9 (design) to serve the human race and provided humans 10 a
high-quality life.
Cloze 4[2020 河南洛阳期中]
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降低患眼病的风险 1 2 3 2 1 1 0 0 193 8 分钟
Many people believe that their sight is the most important sense they have. Yet they don’t
care for their eyes 1 much as they should.
The aim of this article is to improve the situation so that fewer people develop preventable
eye diseases. In other 2 (word) , my goal is to keep you from being blind or have a visual impairment
so that you can have many more years to use your most 3 (value) sense.
Yes, you can reduce your risk of developing eye diseases 4 following the steps below.
Focus on what’s important. 5 we feed our bodies feeds our eyes. Many of the vitamins and
minerals in our bodies 6 (find) in much higher concentrations in our eyes, so a diet lacking
in these vitamins and minerals for eyes can lead to visual problems as we grow 7 (old).
Eat the foods and take the supplements that provide the 8 (require) eye health antioxidants,
vitamins and minerals. Avoid bad habits such as smoking and staring at the screen too long, and develop
good habits such as having juice and 9 (wear) sunglasses when outside.
You’ll protect your vision and increase these things so that you’ll avoid blindness or 10
(lose) of vision for the rest of your life.
Cloze 5[2020 辽宁六校协作体期中]
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听古典音乐会的感
受
1 2 2 1 1 2 0 1 168 8 分钟
I went to a classical music concert yesterday and I loved it. 1 I particularly experienced
in a different way is how much I appreciated the musicians. I am 2 grateful for the gifts 3
(share)by the musicians with the audience that I’ll carry this special feeling along with me.
I have noticed how the music can change one’s view,and I am thankful for the way the musicians
work to the best of their 4 (able)to provide this music for their audience.This newly-found
appreciation is from the kindness that I have been allowed 5 (develop)here on KindSpring and
from all of you KindSpringers.
When it comes to 6 topic of classical music,I always love the clapping and the cheering 7
come at the end of a concert. 8 (specific)in classical music concerts the applause can last six
or seven minutes.It always 9 (lift)my spirits,but now I know that it’s because it is an act
of gratitude(感激)to the musicians.Thanks 10 classical music concerts,I’ll never fail to carry
on with the act.
Cloze 6[2020 黑龙江第一次调研]- 3 -
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长城景点 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 0 150 8 分钟
Seeing the Great Wall
The Great Wall 1 (snake) more than 6, 000 kilometers. First built to keep invaders out, it
is now a popular tourist 2 (attract).
Badaling is the most famous of the sections 3 lie near Beijing and can be accessed 4 (easy).
About two hours away by bus lies Jinshanling. If you’re looking for a 5 (peace) walk and amazing
views,this is the spot 6 (visit). About six kilometers away from Jiayuguan City in Gansu Province,
you can visit Jiayuguan. It was the starting place for the section of the Great Wall 7 (build)
during the Ming Dynasty. This pass is the best-preserved 8 the Great Wall military forts (军
事要塞). Shanhaiguan in Hebei Province is also worth a visit. Standing near the east tower of
Shanhaiguan, you can see the roaring sea on one side and the Great Wall on the 9 .
Wherever you choose to visit the Great Wall, you will be 10 (amaze). It is like no other
structure in the world.
Cloze 7[新素材]
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2018 年和 2019 年诺贝尔文学奖的获
得者
2 2 2 1 0 1 1 1 172 8 分钟
Austrian author Peter Handke collected the 2019 Nobel Prize in Literature while the 2018 award,
which 1 (postpone) last year, went to Polish author Olga Tokarczuk.
Handke "has established himself as one of the most 2 (influence) writers in Europe after the
Second World War". His works are filled with a strong desire 3 (discover) things and make his
discoveries come to life by finding new literary expressions for them, the Swedish Academy said.
He 4 (write) many novels in the past decades, like Short Letter, Long Farewell, 5 a young
Austrian writer travels across the United States in search of his wife. This novel is 6 (general)
considered as one of Handke’s typical confusing works.
Tokarczuk became 7 winner of the 2018 award "for a narrative(叙事的) imagination with
encyclopedic(博学的) passion that represents the crossing of 8 (boundary) as a form of life". Her
first work came out in 1993, and 9 was believed that her third novel Primeval and Other Times
marked her major breakthrough. In 2018, she was awarded the Man Booker International Prize for her
novel Flights, 10 (become) the first Polish writer to do so.
Cloze 8[新素材]
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毕业前种树的新法案 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 195 8 分钟
Environmental problems are significant in many people’s minds, but it’s 1 younger
generation who is particularly concerned about the future of our planet. From global school strikes
for climate change action 2 amazing teen activists, kids are now taking it into their own hands.
A new bill that requires students to plant 10 trees each before graduation 3 (pass) in the
Philippines 4 (promote) the love for the earth on May 15, 2019. In the past years, the Philippines
5 (lose) more than 30% of its forest cover. But 175 million trees could be planted by students each
year under the 6 (fantasy) program, which means the students in the Philippines can help improve
the situation. The action of planting 10 trees is an 7 (extreme) easy task for an average student:
a kid graduating from elementary school, a teen graduating from middle school, a young adult graduating
from college — but their small actions will quickly work wonders. - 4 -
In fact, this isn’t the only positive program 8 (involve) the younger generation. Some schools
in India make students pay their "school fees" by collecting and recycling any plastic waste 9
was lying across the town. This type of activity has helped raise 10 (aware) of plastic waste
in Asian countries.
题组 1 工作与职业
Cloze 1[2019 全国Ⅱ]
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90 岁英国女士获"年度女性
奖"
2 3 2 0 0 2 0 1 185 8 分钟
A 90-year-old has been awarded "Woman Of The Year" for 61 (be) Britain’s oldest full-time
employee — still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the
pet shop in Macclesfield, 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have
63 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The
Year.
Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans 65
(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, "I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love
coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make)over the years. I work not because
I have to, 67 because I want to."
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 — who works alongside her in the family business — said it
remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, "We don’t have any idea who
put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69
joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s 70
(wonder)."
Cloze 2[2017 丙卷(全国Ⅲ)]
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上学的同时兼职做模特 2 2 1 2 1 1 0 1 197 8 分钟
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward
to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is
not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 62 model in New
York.
Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in
the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64
has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as
beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).
She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her
studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university
to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come)
first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle
is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more."
Cloze 3[2016 甲卷(全国Ⅱ)]
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缓解工作压
力
2 1 2 2 1 1 0 1 172 8 分钟
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识
别) those of 61 (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so
you’ll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63
(be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So,
get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you
the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67
(regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or doing
something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 69 (bring)
your work home. It could be anything — gardening, cooking, music, sports — but whatever it is, 70
(make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
题组 2 中国特色
Cloze 4[2018 全国Ⅱ]
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调整农作物种植结
构
2 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 184 8 分钟
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow)
more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while
rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to
feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise:The government encourages farmers
to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and
creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s
major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer
consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government
68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers —
and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million
tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its
citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide," says the bank’s
Juergen Voegele.
Cloze 5[2016 乙卷(全国Ⅰ)]
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成都和大熊
猫
1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 179 7 分钟
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for
tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract).
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket
money helps pay for research. I 62 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre
centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official)given to
me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show - 6 -
in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit
caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67
(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in
the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it)
mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 (day) with his sister so that while one is being
bottle-fed, 70 other is with mum — she never suspects.
Cloze 6[2016 丙卷(全国Ⅲ)]
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筷子 2 2 1 1 1 3 0 0 176 8 分钟
In much of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl" cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 61
Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic,
animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 62
(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods
and metal 63 (create) special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food
in large pots, 64 (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time, 65 the population grew, people
began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be
eaten easily with twigs which 66 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67 lived from roughly 551 to
479 B. C. , influenced the 68 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind
people of killings and 69 (be) too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally
eat 70 their hands.
题组 3 饮食与健康
Cloze 7[2018 浙江]
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外出就餐 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 191 8 分钟
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen
as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own
countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still remember 59 (visit) a
friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once
in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become)common for many young people in recent years,
it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford)
but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers
have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the
rise in 64 (weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your
mum’s home 65 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also
begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
Cloze 8[2017 乙卷(全国Ⅰ)]
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饮食与健康 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 196 9 分钟
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less
salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 61 a method of fighting heart
disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the
very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that
we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove)
from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more
food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that
people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people
will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals
and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything,
it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.
Cloze 1
本文是一篇说明文,介绍了北京烤鸭。
1.most delicious 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的 by far 和 the,再结合句意可知,此处用形容词最高级形式,
故填 most delicious。
2.foreigners 考查名词。an increasing number of 表示"越来越多的",后面接可数名词复数,故填 foreigners。
3.it 考查代词。此处指代前面的 Beijing roast duck,故填 it。
4.is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:做优质的烤鸭是一个费时而复杂的过程,从最开始选鸭到最后端给就餐者,要
经过很多步骤。此处陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,动词-ing 短语 Preparing high-quality roast duck 作
主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填 is。
5.serving 考查非谓语动词。空前的 to 是介词,后跟动词时要用其-ing 形式作宾语,故填 serving。
6.appearance(s) 考查名词。每一步都是精心制作的,以保证烤鸭外观诱人,色泽红润,香味浓郁,上桌时热气腾
腾。作介词 in 的宾语用名词,appearance 作"外观,外表"讲时,既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词,故填
appearance(s)。
7.whom 考查定语从句。在用餐者面前,一位厨师会熟练地将多汁的肉切成薄片,每一块都带着熟皮。此处为定
语从句,先行词为 diners,指人,关系词在从句中作 in front of 的宾语,故填 whom。
8.attached 考查非谓语动词。此处为"with+宾语+宾补"的复合结构,skin 与 attach 之间是逻辑上的动宾关
系,用过去分词作宾补,故填 attached。
9.are cooked 考查动词的时态和语态。通常情况下,剩下的鸭骨头会慢慢地煮,用来做美味的乳白色的汤。the
remaining bones 与 cook 之间是被动关系,且此处叙述的是一般事实,应该用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 are
cooked。
10.an 考查冠词。所有这些都和葡萄酒很配,从而使晚餐成为一个难忘的"全鸭宴"。banquet 是可数名词,此处
用不定冠词表泛指,且 unforgettable 的发音以元音音素开头,故填 an。
Cloze 2
这是一篇说明文。欧洲风景迷人,很多地区都有铁路连接。许多旅游者认为欧洲铁路通票是去欧洲的最佳
方式。文章介绍了如何得到一张欧洲铁路通票以及它的用途。
1.is connected 考查一般现在时的被动语态。这里在讲一个客观事实,且空处所在部分的主语与 connect 之
间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 is connected。
2.to go 考查动词不定式作后置定语。the way to do sth.意为"做某事的方法",是固定用法。此处是动词不
定式作后置定语,故填 to go。
3.by 考查介词。此处表示只被非欧洲居民购买和使用,表示"被",应填 by。- 8 -
4.convenience 考查名词。根据空前的定冠词 the 和空后的介词 of 可知,此处应该用名词,故填 convenience"
方便,便利",此时它是不可数名词。
5.showing 考查动词-ing 作宾语。介词 of 后跟两个并列的动词-ing 短语作宾语,故填 showing。
6.better 考查比较级。你到达之前就订购,然后它会被邮寄到你的家里、办公室或酒店,这样更好。此处暗含
比较,表示"更好",所以用比较级,故填 better。
7.mailed 考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此处考查"have+宾语+宾补"结构,宾语 it 和 mail 之间是逻辑上的动
宾关系,应用过去分词作宾语补足语,故填 mailed。
8.exactly 考查副词。修饰动词用副词,故填 exactly。
9.a/one 考查不定冠词。此处表示据一个乘客说,表示泛指,故填 a,也可填 one。
10.which 考查非限制性定语从句。此处 A Eurail trip 作先行词,指物,用 which 引导非限制性定语从句。故
填 which。
Cloze 3
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了计算机的发展史。
1.simplify 考查动词。根据语境及空前的 could 可知,此处应使用动词 simplify"使简化"的原形。故填
simplify。
2.before 考查连词。计算机的发展非常缓慢,在它被建造成分析机器之前花了近 200 年的时间。根据句意可
知,此处应使用连词 before
"在……之前"。故填 before。
3.analytical 考查形容词。此处作 machine 的定语,应使用形容词 analytical"分析的"。故填 analytical。
4.to solve 考查非谓语动词。1936 年,Alan Turing 写了一本关于如何使计算机作为一个"通用机器"来解决数
学难题的书。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,此处表示目的,应使用不定式。故填 to solve。
5.going 考查非谓语动词。此处为 with 复合结构,time 与 go 是逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表示主动、
进行。故填 going。
6.its 考查代词。它变得越来越小,内存也得到了很大的发展。根据句意可知,此处指"它(计算机)的",应使用
代词 its。故填 its。
7.the 考查冠词。表示年代时数词前要用定冠词。故填 the。
8.applications 考查名词。根据空前的 many 可知,此处应使用名词 application"应用"的复数形式。故填
applications。
9.has been designed 考查时态和语态。根据"Since its birth"可知,应使用现在完成时;the computer 与
design 之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态。故填 has been designed。
10.with 考查介词。provide sb. with sth.为固定搭配,表示"给某人提供某物"。故填 with。
Cloze 4
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些降低患眼病风险的方法。
1.as 考查固定结构。as...as...意为"和……一样……",是固定结构,故填 as。
2.words 考查固定搭配。固定短语 in other words 意为"换句话说",故填 words。
3.valuable 考查形容词。sense 为名词,要用形容词修饰,故填 valuable。
4.by 考查介词。是的,你可以通过遵循以下方法来降低患眼病的风险。结合句意可知,表示"通过,借助"应用介
词 by。故填 by。
5.What 考查连词。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少宾语,且指代"什么,……的事物",故填 What。
6.are found 考查动词的时态和语态。空处所在分句中的主语与 find 之间是被动关系,且描述的是客观事实,
应用一般现在时,主语为 Many of the vitamins and minerals,故填 are found。
7.older 考查形容词比较级。结合语境"随着年龄的增长"可知,应用形容词比较级,故填 older。
8.required 考查过去分词。require 与"eye health antioxidants"之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词
required 作前置定语。
9.wearing 考查非谓语动词。根据空前的 and 可知,此处与 having juice 为并列的非谓语结构,故填 wearing。
10.loss 考查名词。你将保护你的视力,并增加这样的东西,避免你余生失明。根据空前的 or 可知,此处与
blindness 并列作 avoid 的宾语,应用名词,故填 loss。
Cloze 5
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者叙述了自己去听古典音乐会的经历和感受,并表达了对音乐家们的感激之情。
1.What 考查主语从句连接词。分析句子结构可知,空处引导主语从句,且在从句中作宾语,故应填连接代词
What。
2.so 考查副词。此处考查 so...that..."如此……以至于……"结构,故填 so。
3.shared 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处是非谓语动词作后置定语,逻辑主语 gifts 和 share 之间
是动宾关系,应用过去分词,故填 shared。
4.ability 考查固定表达。to the best of one’s ability 意为"竭尽全力",是固定表达,故填 ability。
5.to develop 考查不定式。此处考查 allow sb. to do sth."允许某人做某事"的被动形式,故填 to
develop。
6.the 考查冠词。根据语境可知,此处表示"当谈到古典音乐的话题时",表示特指,应用定冠词,故填 the。- 9 -
7.that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为 the clapping and the
cheering,指物,且关系词在从句中充当主语,故用关系代词 that/which。
8.Specifically 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰介词短语 in classical music concerts,故填 Specifically。
9.lifts 考查时态。分析句子结构可知,此处为谓语动词,主语 It 是第三人称单数,根据语境判断应用一般现在
时,故填 lifts。
10.to 考查短语。此处考查短语 thanks to"多亏",故填 to。
Cloze 6
这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了长城值得参观的景点。
1.snakes 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。长城蜿蜒 6000 多千米。此处 snake 用作动词,意为"曲折前行,蜿蜒伸
展";全文主体时态为一般现在时,此处也用一般现在时;主语 The Great Wall 为第三人称单数。故填 snakes。
2.attraction 考查名词。tourist attraction 意为"旅游胜地",故填 attraction。
3.which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为 the sections,指物,且关系词
在从句中作主语。故填 which/that。
4.easily 考查副词。此处应用副词作状语修饰动词。
5.peaceful 考查形容词。根据空前的冠词 a 以及空后的名词 walk 可知,此处应用形容词,故填 peaceful。
6.to visit 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作后置定语,修饰前面的名词 spot。故填 to visit。
7.built 考查非谓语动词。build 与 the section of the Great Wall 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分
词作后置定语,表示被动和完成。故填 built。
8.of/among 考查介词。根据空前的 best-preserved 可知,应用介词 of 或 among 表示范围。故填 of/among。
9.other 考查代词。on one side...on the other 意为"在一边……在另一边……"。故填 other。
10.amazed 考查形容词。此处修饰人,应用-ed 形式的形容词。故填 amazed。
Cloze 7
本文是说明文,主题语境是"人与社会"。文章对获得 2018 年和 2019 年诺贝尔文学奖的两位作家进行了简
单介绍。
1.was postponed 考查时态和语态。根据"last year"可知,此处应用一般过去时;此处 which 引导非限制性定
语从句,修饰 the 2018 award, which 在从句中作主语,the 2018 award 与 postpone"推迟"之间是被动关系,故用
被动语态。
2.influential 考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词 writers,表示"有影响力的",故填形容词 influential。
3.to discover 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本空位于 desire 后面,作定语,应该用不定式。
【名师点津】 有些动词和形容词后常跟不定式,这些动词和形容词对应的名词后也常用不定式作定语。如
ability, desire, attempt, decision, determination, need, plan, wish, eagerness 等。
4.has written 考查动词的时态。根据空后的"in the past decades"可知,此处应该用现在完成时。
5.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词指一部小说,关系词在从句中作抽象的
地点状语,故用 where。
6.generally 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰句子的谓语动词,因此应用所给词的副词形式 generally。
7.the 考查冠词。根据第一段可知,此处特指 2018 年诺贝尔文学奖的获得者,故用定冠词 the。
8.boundaries 考查名词复数。boundary 是可数名词,其前没有限定词,所以这里应用其复数形式。
9.it 考查形式主语。此处是"It+be+过去分词+that..."句型,其中 It 是形式主语,that 引导的从句作真正的
主语。可用在此句型中的过去分词还有 said, reported, acknowledged 等。
10.becoming 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词,因此空处应填非谓语动词作状语。此处表示自然而然的结
果,因此应该用现在分词。
Cloze 8
这是一篇说明文,主题语境是"人与自然"。为了增进对地球的热爱,菲律宾通过了一项新法案,要求每个学
生在毕业前都种植 10 棵树。
1.the 考查冠词。此处特指"年轻的一代",应该用定冠词 the。
2.to 考查介词。from...to...为固定搭配,表示"从……到……"。
3.was passed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。由句中的时间状语"on May 15, 2019"可知,此处用一般过去时,主
语 a new bill 为单数,且与 pass 是被动关系,因此填 was passed。
4.to promote 考查非谓语动词。为了增进对地球的热爱。此处表示目的,故用不定式作目的状语。
5.has lost 考查时态。根据句中的时间状语"In the past years"可知,此处用现在完成时。
6.fantastic 考查形容词。空处作定语,修饰名词 program,因此用所给词的形容词形式 fantastic"极好的"。
7.extremely 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中修饰形容词 easy,因此用副词。
8.involving 考查非谓语动词。动词 involve 与 positive program 是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用现在分词。
现在分词短语 involving the younger generation 作后置定语,相当于定语从句 that involves the younger
generation。
9.that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是 any plastic waste,且在从句中作主
语,先行词中含有 any,因此用 that。 - 10 -
10.awareness 考查名词。本句中的 raise 是及物动词,因此空处作宾语,故用所给词的名词形式。
题组 1 工作与职业
Cloze 1
本文讲述了一位 90 岁的英国女士因仍然坚持每周工作 40 个小时而获得"年度女性奖"的事迹。
【熟词生义】 late 常见义:adj.& adv.迟,晚 本文义:adj. 已故的
61.being 考查非谓语动词。介词 for 后应该用动词-ing 形式,故填 being。
62.which 考查关系代词。先行词是 the pet shop,指物,非限制性定语从句中缺宾语,故填 which。
【易错点拨】 由于先行词 the pet shop 是地点名词,所以有些考生会错填 where。如果填 where 的话,where
在定语从句中应该作地点状语。如"He opened a pet shop, where the neighbors bought pets."。
63.finally 考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词,故填 finally。
64.declared 考查动词的时态。叙述过去发生的事应用一般过去时,故填 declared。
65.to retire 考查非谓语动词。不定式作名词 plans 的后置定语,故填 to retire。
66.have made 考查动词的时态。根据定语从句中的时间状语"over the years"可知,从句时态应为现在完成时,
故填 have made。
67.but 考查连词。此处是"not...but..."结构,表示"不是……而是……"。
68.saying 考查非谓语动词。此处应用现在分词作后置定语,故填 saying。
69.a 考查冠词。此处表示"我们以为它是一个玩笑",表示泛指,且 joke 的发音以辅音音素开头,故填 a。
70.wonderful 考查词性转换。此处应用形容词作表语,故填 wonderful。
Cloze 2
本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了 16 岁的 Sarah 在上学的同时兼职做模特,并且取得了巨大的成功,虽然她父亲
希望她当全职模特,但是 Sarah 决心继续(接受)教育。
61.resting 考查现在分词。spend time doing sth. 是固定用法,故填 resting。
62.a 考查冠词。model 是可数名词单数,此处表示"作为一名模特",表泛指,故填不定冠词 a。
63.has been told/was told 考查动词时态和语态。此处动词 tell 与 Sarah 是被动关系,故应用被动语态,可
以用现在完成时表达过去发生的事情对现在的影响,填 has been told;此外,"被告知"这件事情发生在过去,故也
可填 was told。
【易错点拨】 考生在考虑动词的时态时,经常会忽略语态,比如此题容易误填 told。因此,遇到考查动词的题
目时,要从句意出发,考虑主语与动词之间是主动关系还是被动关系。
64.who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 Sarah,指人,且从句中缺主语,
故填关系代词 who。
65.to prove 考查非谓语动词。 want to do sth.是固定用法,故填 to prove。
66.education 考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词 her 后应用 educate 的名词形式,故填 education。
67.invitations 考查名词单复数。空前的限定词 several 一般修饰可数名词复数,应用 invitation 的复数形
式,故填 invitations。
68.in 考查介词。degree 与介词 in 搭配,表示某专业的学位。故填 in。
69.comes 考查动词时态。全文以一般现在时为主,且句中时间状语 at the moment 表示"现在,此刻",故此处用
一般现在时。又因为主语 school 是第三人称单数,故填 comes。
【易错点拨】 如果使用一般现在时,还要注意主谓一致的问题。此题容易误填 come。
70.certainly 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰整个句子,作状语,故填 certainly。
Cloze 3
本文为说明文,主要介绍了一些缓解工作压力的方法。
61.greater 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的"and less importance"可知,此处应用形容词的比较级
来修饰 importance,故填 greater。
62.achievement 考查词性转换。句意:然后,首先处理最重要的工作以便你能感到一种真实的成就感。a real
sense of achievement 意为"一种真实的成就感"。
63.is 考查主谓一致和时态。句意:把不太重要的事情留到明天往往是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知,该句
的主语为动词-ing 短语"Leaving the less important things until tomorrow",故谓语动词应用第三人称单
数形式,且全文的基本时态为一般现在时。故填 is。
【知识拓展】 单个的动词-ing 形式或不定式在句中充当主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
64.on 考查介词。句意:我们中的大多数人早上的时候会比一天中的晚些时候更加集中注意力于我们的工作。
固定短语 be focused on 意为
"集中注意力于……"。故填 on。
65.as 考查连词。句意:因此,早点儿开始并且在午饭前尽可能高效。固定结构 as...as possible 意为"尽可
能……"。- 11 -
66.studies 考查名词的数。句意:最新的研究表明,如果我们定期短暂休息,我们在工作中会高效得多。分析句
子结构可知,主句的谓语动词为 show,为复数形式,且 study 作"研究,调查"讲时为可数名词,故主语应为复数。故
填 studies。
【易错点拨】 考查主语的单复数时,关键要分析谓语动词的单复数,所以要认真分析句子的结构,找准句子的
谓语。
67.regularly 考查词性转换。修饰动词 take 要用副词,故填 regularly"有规律地"。
68.a 考查冠词。固定短语 for a while 意为"一会儿"。
69.to bring 考查非谓语动词。固定结构 be likely to do sth.意为"可能做某事",故填 to bring。
70.make 考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知,but 连接两个并列分句。在第二个分句中,whatever 引导让步状语
从句,其后为祈使句充当主句。故填 make。
【易错点拨】 在解答该题时,分析句子结构非常重要。因为 but 后的分句中 whatever 引导让步状语从句,所
以其后应是主句,而祈使句可充当主句,非谓语动词及短语则不可以。
题组 2 中国特色
Cloze 4
本文是一篇说明文,文章介绍了中国近年来调整农作物种植结构的情况。
【核心词汇】 account for(在数量、比例上)占; 说明(原因、理由等) specific adj. 明确的, 特定的,
具体的
recommendation n. 推荐; 推荐信; 建议 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
61.has grown 考查时态。由句中的时间状语"Since 2011"可知,此处应用现在完成时。
62.the 考查冠词。此处是特指,故用定冠词 the。over the past 25 years 表示"在过去的 25 年里"。
63.actually 考查副词。这里应用副词来修饰谓语动词 is,故填 actual 的副词形式 actually。
64.to improve 考查非谓语动词。不定式短语 to improve water quality 作目的状语。
65.than 考查介词。由空前的 less 可知,此处应用介词 than,表示"比"。
66.pollution 考查名词。此处应填名词 pollution(不可数名词)作宾语。
67.global 考查形容词。此处应填 globe 的形容词形式 global 作定语。
68.started 考查时态。根据语境可知,此处叙述发生在过去的情况,应用一般过去时,故填 started。
69.that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,a soil-testing program 是先行词,指
物,且定语从句中缺主语,所以应填关系代词 that 或 which。
70.feeding 考查现在分词。该句的主语暗示 feed 的逻辑主语为 China, feed 与 China 为逻辑上的主谓关系,
故用现在分词作状语。
Cloze 5
本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者的成都之旅以及与大熊猫之间的故事。
61.attraction 考查词性转换。句意:但对于像我这样的游客,熊猫是它(成都)最具吸引力之物。由形容词性物
主代词 its 以及形容词 top 可知,此处应该填动词 attract 的名词形式 attraction,意为"吸引人的事物"。
62.was allowed 考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,主语 I 与动词 allow 之间是被动关系,且前一句中的
"was"表明此处应用一般过去时,故填 was allowed。
63.officially 考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词,所以填 officially。
64.to 考查介词。go back to 是固定搭配,意为 "追溯到"。
65.when 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导定语从句,且在从句中作时间状语,故填关系副词
when。
66.permitted 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,permit 与其逻辑主语 the first Western TV reporter 之
间是动宾关系,故填过去分词 permitted 作后置定语,相当于 that was permitted。
67.introducing 考查非谓语动词。include 后跟动词时要用其-ing 形式作宾语,所以此空填 introducing。
【知识拓展】 下列动词后跟动词时,也应用动词-ing 形式作宾语:dislike, imagine, delay, practise,
finish, avoid 等。
68.its 考查代词。由语境及后面的名词 mother 可知,此空应该填形容词性物主代词 its。
69.days 考查名词。few 修饰可数名词复数,故此空应填 days。 every few days 意为"每隔几天"。
70.the 考查冠词。one...the other...为固定搭配,意为"一个……另一个……"。
Cloze 6
本文为说明文,主要介绍了筷子的材质和中国人使用筷子的悠久历史及文化内涵。
61.and 考查并列连词。分析句子结构及语境可知,Vietnam 与空前的"China, Japan, Korea"之间是并列关系,故
填并列连词 and。
62.be made 考查被动语态。此处指真正精美的筷子可能是由金和银做成的。make 与句子主语"Truly elegant
chopsticks"之间是被动关系,且空前有 might,故此处应填 be made。
63.to create 考查非谓语动词。熟练的工人也会把各种各样的硬木和金属组合起来以创造独特的设计。根
据语境可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语。- 12 -
64.using 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语,故空处应用非谓语;use 与其逻辑主语 People 之间是主谓关系,故
此处用现在分词作状语。
65.as 或 when 考查状语从句。此处表示"随着人口的增长/当人口增长时,人们开始把食物切成小块儿"。根据
语境并分析句子结构可知,空处引导状语从句,表示"随着"或"当……时",故填 as 或 when。
66.gradually 考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词短语 turned into,故填 gradually。
67.who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 Confucius,指人,且关系词在
从句中作主语,故填关系代词 who。
68.development 考查名词。根据空前的定冠词 the 及空后的 of 可知,此处应填名词 development。
69.were 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的 believed 可知,此处描述的是过去的情况,应用一般过去时;从句主
语为 knives,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填 were。
70.with 考查介词。此处指在印度,大部分人历来用手吃饭,故填 with。
题组 3 饮食与健康
Cloze 7
本文讲述了越来越多的人外出就餐的现状,说明了外出就餐过多会对经济和健康产生影响,并对此给出了
建议。
56.dishes 考查名词单复数。dish 是可数名词,其前无限定词修饰,且此处表示复数概念,故应用其复数形式
dishes。
57.who/that 考查定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是 Manywesterners,指
人,且空处在从句中作主语,故填关系代词 who/that。
58.it 考查代词。此处应用 it 作形式主语,真正的主语是 to eat out。
59.visiting 考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth.表示"记得做过某事",故填 visiting。
【知识拓展】 非谓语动词中,现在分词所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生且现在分词与逻
辑主语之间是主谓关系;过去分词与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系;不定式通常表示将来和目的。
60.was shocked 考查时态和语态。根据语境可知,此处表示"我感到很震惊",shock 与主语 I 为被动关系,同时
根据后面的 learnt 可知,时态为一般过去时,所以填 was shocked。
61.have become 考查非谓语动词。根据语境和时间状语 in recent years 可知,此处应用不定式的完成式,故
填 have become。
62.affordable 考查形容词。根据语境可知,一周在外就餐一两次可能负担得起,且空处在句中作表语,故填形
容词 affordable。
63.higher 考查形容词的比较级。根据 even 并结合语境可知,此处表示"更高的代价",故要用 high 的比较级
higher。
64.weight 考查名词。根据语境可知,此处表示"体重问题",故空处要填名词 weight。
65.for 考查介词。根据语境可知,此处应用介词 for 表示"目的"。
Cloze 8
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。
61.as 考查介词。分析句子结构可知,此处表示"作为一种对抗心脏病的方式",所以填 as,意为"作为"。
62.effects 考查名词的数。此处表示"这种趋势产生了一些非计划中的副作用"。根据空前的"some"及空后
的"such as overweight and heart disease"可知,此处指不止一种副作用,故用名词复数形式 effects。
63.to process 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语。
64.are removed 考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时,此处也应用一般现在时;从句的主语 fat and
salt 与 remove 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。所以此处填 are removed。
65.a 考查冠词。as a result 为固定搭配,意为"结果"。
66.worse 考查副词比较级。副词作状语,修饰后面整句话,短语 even worse 意为"更糟糕的是",表示意义的递
进。故填 worse。
67.is 考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述,应用一般现在时;主语 Fast food 为单数,故填 is。
68.eating 考查非谓语动词。介词 by 后跟名词、代词或动词-ing 作宾语,故填 eating。
69.careful 考查形容词。此处应用形容词作表语,结合语境可知,应填 careful 构成系表结构。
70.which 考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指代前句的内容,且关系词在
从句中作主语,故填关系代词 which。
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