八下英语 Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks Section A（3a-4c）课件（人教新目标版）

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. Section A(3a-4c) Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出相应的单词和短语 1. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up ______(几个)hours each week to help others. several 2. I get such a ______(强烈的)______(感觉) of __________(满足)when I see the animals get better and the look of ___(高兴)on their _______(主人的) faces. 3. Last year, she decided to ___ ___ (参加……选拔)for a volunteer after-school reading program. strong feeling satisfaction joy owners’ try out 4. For example, we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or _____(募集)money for homeless people. 5. I want to travel _____(单独). raise alone Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子 1. 马里奥喜爱动物, 想成为一名兽医。 Mario loves animals and wants __ ___ an animal doctor. 2. 但是我想了解更多关于如何照顾动物的知识。 But I want to learn more about ____ __ care for animals. to be how to 3. 她仍旧每周一次去那里工作, 帮助孩子学习读书。 She still works there once a week __ ____kids learn __ ____. 4. 你可以请求医院让你看望孩子, 让他们高兴起来。 You could ___hospitals __ ___ you visit the kids and cheer them up. to help to read ask to let 5. 在这儿做志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。 ____________here __a dream _____ ____ for me. Volunteering is come true 考点1 owner n. 主人 *I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners’ faces. 每当我看到那些动物们好起来, 还有它们主人脸上喜悦 的表情, 一种强烈的满足感便油然而生。(教材·P11) *He wants to own a big house. 他想拥有一所大房子。 *She saw it happen with her own eyes. 她亲眼看到了它的发生。 【自主归纳】 (1)owner为可数名词, 意为“物主; 主人”。 (2)owner的动词为own, 意为“拥有”。own也可作为 形容词, 意为“自己的”, 一般用于形容词性物主代词 或名词所有格之后加强语气。 【即学活用】 ①Do you know who is the ______(own)of the dog? ②我想有一台自己的电脑。 I want to have ___ ____ _________. owner my own computer 考点2 alone adv. 独自; 单独 *I want to travel alone. 我想独自一人去旅行。(教材 ·P12) *A lot of old people are lonely. 很多老年人是孤独的。 【自主归纳】lonely与alone辨析 词性 词义 句子成分 lonely 形容词 (adj. ) 孤独的; 寂寞 的; 偏僻的 定语或表语 词性 词义 句子成分 alone 形容词(adj. ) 或副词(adv. ) 独自; 单独 作形容词 时, 只能作 表语 【一言辨异】 I was traveling alone in the lonely mountain. I didn’t feel lonely though I was alone. 我独自在荒凉的山里旅行, 虽孤身一人, 但我并不感到 寂寞。 【即学活用】选词填空alone/lonely。 (2016·自贡中考)When you feel helpless and ______, just remember you are not _____in the world because your friends are around you. lonely alone 【备选要点】 考点1 several pron. &adj几个; 数个; 一些 *Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 河畔中学的马里奥·格林和玛丽·布朗每周都腾出几个 小时的时间来帮助他人。(教材·P11) *He took away several of the books. 他拿走了几本书。 【自主归纳】 several的两种词性 (1)several作形容词, 意为“几个的”, 修饰可数名词 复数; (2)several作代词, 意为“几个; 数个; 一些”, 既可指 代人, 也可指代物。 【即学活用】 ①He made several _______(friend)in that company. ②你可以挑选几件衣服。 You can choose ______ __ the clothes. friends several of 考点2 at the age of 在……岁时 *She could read by herself at the age off our. 她在四岁的时候就能独立阅读。(教材·P11) * He could play the piano at the age of seven. =He could play the piano when he was seven(years old). 他七岁时就会弹钢琴。 【自主归纳】 (1)“at the age of+基数词”意为“在……岁时”, 相当 于when引导的时间状语从句。 (2)at the age of+基数词=at age+基数词。 【即学活用】 ①(2016·南宁中考)他在12岁时离开学校开始工作。 He left school and began work ___________twelve. ②He joined the army when he was20years old. He joined the army __ ___ ___ __ 20. at the age of at the age of 一、动词不定式 【新知导引】 用所给动词的适当形式补全下列教材中的句子。 ①I’ll help _______(clean)up the city parks. ②We could each call up10students and ask them __ _____ (come). to clean to come ③We need _______(come)up with a plan _____ (tell) people about the city park clean-up. ④I’m making some plans _______(work)in an old people’s home this summer. ⑤Mario believes it can help him _____(get)his future dream job. ⑥I want to learn more about how ______(care)for animals. to come to tell to work to get to care 【知识详解】 【易错警示】 (1)动词不定式(或短语)作主语或宾语时, 常用it作形式 主语或形式宾语, 而动词不定式(或短语)放于后面。 (2)不定式作定语时, 若动词为不及物动词, 则须有相应 的介词。例如: He has no chair to sit on. 他没有椅子坐。 (3)动词不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因和结果。作 目的状语考查最多。 【解题技巧】 动词不定式的解题方法: (1)看固定搭配: 很多动词后面跟动词不定式作宾语。 (2)看句式: 例如: It’s +adj. +to do句式。 (3)一些动词后接动词不定式作宾语补足语时, 动词不 定式不带to, 如see, hear, watch, notice, let, make等。 【即学活用】 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I hope ______(visit)the beautiful park next month. 2. His job is ______(look)after the animals. 3. The best way _______(learn)is by listening to tapes. 4. Our teachers tell us ________(follow)the traffic rules. to visit to look to learn to follow 5. Good friends can make us ___(feel)happy. 6. It’s difficult ____________(understand)the passage. 7. He didn’t tell his parents where ________(travel). 8. Let’s do something ______(help)him solve the problem. feel to understand to travel to help 二、短语动词 【新知导引】 完成下列教材中的句子。 ①女孩可以看望生病住院的孩子们, 让他们高兴起来。 The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital _______ ________. to cheer them up ②男孩可以在食品救助站发放食物。 The boy could _______food at the food bank. ③我们不能推迟制订计划。 We can’t ______making a plan. ④那么我放学以后分发它们。 Then I’ll _____________after school. give out put off hand them out ⑤我们可以张贴标识。 We could ______signs. ⑥我们应该倾听他们, 关心他们。 We should ____________and ____________. put up listen to them care for them ⑦我们需要想出一个计划来告诉人们有关城市公园清 扫的事情。 We need to ____________a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up. ⑧去年她决定参加课外阅读活动志愿者的选拔。 Last year, she decided to ______for a volunteer after- school reading program. come up with try out 【知识详解】 1. 概念   短语动词是指英语中有些动词和其他词类一起连 用, 构成一个固定词组, 可看成一个整体, 相当于一个单 独的动词, 这种组合称之为短语动词。 2. 分类及用法 (1)“动词+介词”(相当于及物动词): 常见的有: look at(看……); look for(寻找); look after (照顾); depend on(依靠); ask for(请求; 询问); agree with(同意)等。这种类型的短语后接宾语, 且宾语无论 是何种形式, 一律放在介词后面。 (2)“动词+副词”: ①常见的相当于及物动词的这类短语后跟宾语。宾语 若为名词, 则名词常放于短语后面, 也可放在动词与副 词中间; 若宾语为代词, 则只能放在动词与副词中间。 ②常见的相当于不及物动词的这类短语有: get up(起床 ); look out(当心, 小心); run away(逃跑); hold on(稍等; 别挂断); get down(下来)等。这类短语后不跟宾语。 (3)“动词+副词+介词”(相当于及物动词): 常见的这类短语动词有: look forward to(盼望); catch up with(赶上); come up to(走近); go on with(继续); run out of(用光; 耗尽); look down upon(瞧不起)等。 这类短语后跟宾语, 且宾语必须放在介词后。 (4)“动词+名词+介词”(相当于及物动词): 常见的这类短语有: take care of(照顾); pay attention to(注意); take part in(参加); make use of(利用); take notice of(注意)等。这类短语后跟宾语, 宾语放在介词 后。 (5)“系动词+形容词+介词”: 常见的这类短语有: be similar to(与……相像); be strict in/with(在……方面严格/对……严格); be familiar with(熟悉); be different from(与……不同); be full of(装满)等。这类短语要跟宾语, 宾语放在介词后。 【即学活用】 1. (2017·河北中考)Grandfather lives with us. We all ________him.  世纪金榜导学号02274009 A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look like 【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 爷爷和我们 住在一起。我们都照顾他。look at看; look for寻找; look after照顾; look like看上去像。由句意可知选C。 2. (2017·天津中考)John________the TV and helped his mother with the housework. A. turned off B. heard from C. joined in D. looked after 【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。turn off关上; hear from收到某人的来信; join in加入; look after照顾。 由句意“约翰关掉了电视, 帮助他母亲做家务了。”可 知选A。 3. (2017·乐山中考)The bus is coming. Oh, my God! It’s full. I’m afraid we can’t________it. A. get up B. get on C. get off 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。get up“起床”, get on“上车”, get off“下车”。由语境可知, 公交车上 坐满了, 恐怕我们无法上车了。故选B。 4. (2017·黄石中考)My parents________to see In the Name of People(《人民的名义》)last weekend.  世纪 金榜导学号02274010 A. picked up B. stayed up C. set up D. took up 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。pick up捡起, 拾起 ; stay up熬夜; set up建立; take up从事、开始(学习或 某种爱好)。由句意“我父母上周末熬夜看《人民的名 义》。”可知选B。 5. (2017·重庆中考·B卷)It’s not a good habit to________what you can do today till tomorrow. A. take off B. put off C. get off D. turn off 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 把今天可以 做的事情推到明天不是一个好习惯。take off脱下; put off推迟; get off下车; turn off关闭(电器等)。故选B。 6. (2016·绵阳中考)My mother is ill in hospital. I have to________my grandparents at home. A. look for B. look at C. look up D. look after 【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。look for寻找; look at 看; look up(在字典中)查找; look after照顾。句意: 我 母亲生病住院了。我不得不在家照顾我的祖父母。故 选D。 7. (2016·襄阳中考)—You like to drink coffee, don’t you? —Yes. But I’m ________drinking tea, too.  世纪金榜 导学号02274011 A. able to B. similar to C. used to D. ready to 【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。be able to do能做某事; be similar to与……相似; be used to doing习惯做某事; be ready to do乐意做某事。句意: ——你喜欢喝咖啡, 对吗? ——是的。我也习惯喝茶。故选C。 8. (2017·达州中考)—Hi, Tina! What are you going to do for the coming summer holiday? —I am going to ________cooking because I like eating delicious food. A. take down B. take up C. pick up D. clean up 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: ——你好, 蒂娜! 即将到来的暑假你打算做什么? ——我要开始学 习做饭, 因为我喜欢吃美味的食物。take down记下; take up从事、开始(学习或某种爱好); pick up拾起; clean up清扫。故选B。 9. (2016·铜仁中考)—Remember to________the lights when you leave the room. —OK! I will. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: ——当你离 开房间时记得关灯。——好的! 我会的。turn on打开; turn off关闭; turn up把(声音)调大; turn down把(声音 )调小。故选B。 10. Don’t put the pictures here. Please________. A. put up them B. put them up C. put off them D. put them off 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析及用法。put up张贴, 举起; put off推迟, 延期。由句意“不要把这些画放在 这儿, 请把它们贴起来。”可知排除C、D两项, put up 是由动词和副词构成的短语, 其宾语是代词时, 代词应 放于短语中间, 故选B。