Unit 5 Look into Science
Unit Review
定语从句
【新知导引·悟】
从括号中选择恰当的词补全下列教材中的句子, 并体会
定语从句的用法。
①The butterflies ____ (that/what) return to the south
are the great-great grandchildren of the butterflies
____ (what/that)left for the north.
that
that
②From your DNA, scientists can identify not only you,
but also people ____ (who/which)are related to you.
③In Mexico, the butterflies always return to the same
small piece of forest, ______(which/that)is only 20
kilometres wide.
who
which
④But in Mexico, people cut down the trees ____
(that/who)the butterflies need to rest on because they
want more land for farming.
⑤Your DNA has billions of instructions ____
(that/what)explain why you are the way you are.
that
that
【知识详解·记】
1. 定语从句概述
(1)定义: 在复合句中用来限定或修饰名词、代词的从
句叫定语从句。
(2)先行词: 被定语从句所限定或修饰的名词、代词叫
先行词。
(3)引导词: 引导定语从句的关系词叫引导词。常见的
引导词有: that指人或物, 在句中作主语或宾语; who指
人, 在句中作主语; whom指人, 在句中作宾语; which指
物, 在句中作主语或宾语; whose指所属关系, 在句中作
定语。
(4)位置: 定语从句必须放在先行词之后, 作后置定语。
2. 定语从句的关系代词只用that的四种情况
(1)当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only, the
same, the last, the very等修饰时。例如:
It’s the most interesting place that I have ever visited.
这是我曾经去过的最有趣的地方。
(2)当先行词是不定代词或先行词被all, any, much,
many, every, no, few, little等修饰时。例如:
You can do everything that you like to do.
你可以做你喜欢做的一切。
(3)当先行词里同时含有人和物时。例如:
The man and the car that I saw yesterday are in the
schoolyard today.
我昨天看到的男子和车今天在校园里。
(4)当先行词前有who或which等疑问代词时。例如:
Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?
刚才和你说话的女孩是谁?
3. 定语从句的主谓一致
定语从句的谓语动词和定语从句的主语保持人称
和数的一致, 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, 其谓
语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致。例如:
This is one of the trees that were planted last year.
这是去年种的树中的一棵。
【语法强化·练】
单项选择
( )1. (2018·辽阳中考)The four tools ________
people use for Chinese handwriting are called “Four
Treasures of Study”.
A. that B. who C. what D. whom
A
( )2. He is the only student ________is studying in
the classroom.
A. who B what C. that D when
( )3. I can give you something ________you
need.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. that
C
D
( )4. My grandparents like to live in a house is
not very big but bright and comfortable.
A. that B. who
C. what D. whose
A
【理·单元话题】
【记·写作佳句】
【教材句】
1. What kinds of experiments have you done in science
class?
在科学课上, 你做过什么实验?
2. We have discovered that the air pressure helps the
cardboard hold the water in the jar.
我们已经发现空气的压力有助于纸板托住广口瓶里的
水。
3. Because about one fifth of the air is made up of
oxygen, the water rises and fills about one fifth of the
jar.
因为大约五分之一的空气是由氧气组成, 所以水就上升
到瓶子的大约五分之一处。
4. Scientists use huge telescopes when they look for
planets.
科学家在寻找行星时, 他们用巨型望远镜。
5. There are many mysteries yet to be discovered by
those interested in science.
有些奥秘需要那些对科学感兴趣的人来发现。
6. Some health problems can be caused by problems in
your DNA.
一些健康问题可能是由你的DNA问题引起的。
7. Science is interesting, and it affects our everyday
lives.
科学是有趣的, 并且它影响我们的日常生活。
【拓展句】
1. We did the experiment that the teacher told us in
class. 我们做了老师在课堂上告诉我们的实验。
2. We find science is very interesting and useful. We
should learn more about it.
我们发现科学是有趣且有用的。我们应该学习更多的
科学知识。
3. With the development of science, our life has
improved a lot.
随着科学的发展, 我们的生活已经有了很大的提高。
【鉴·典题考题】
“知识改变命运, 科技改变生活”, 随着科学技
术的发展, 人们生活的各个方面都发生了很大的变化。
请以The great changes in our life为题写篇短文, 内容
包括:
1. 网络购物(淘宝, 京东, 天猫等), 微信也可以购物
2. 手机也变得越来越重要了, 一部手机可以搞定生活中
绝大部分事情
3. 学生的课外学习资料也与网络连在一起了等。词数
在80左右。
【审题谋篇】
体裁 说明文
时态 一般现在时
人称 第一人称
要点
①开篇点题指出科学对生活的影响
②具体描述生活在哪些方面发生了变化
③最终表达自己的观点
【遣词造句】
1. 开篇点题指出科学对生活的影响
(1)科学 ______
(2)影响 _____
(3)需要 _____
(4)方便的 __________
science
affect
need
convenient
(5)令某人吃惊的 _______________
(6)做实验 __________________
(7)我们的生活发生了很大的变化。
_______________________
to one’s surprise
do some experiments
Our life has changed a lot.
2. 具体描述生活在哪些方面发生了变化
(1)提高 ________
(2)变化 _______
(3)手机 ______
(4)电影 ____
(5)与……不同 _______________
improve
change
phone
film
be different from
(6)越来越方便 _______________________
(7)购物 ___________
(8)我们可以用手机做大部分事情。
We can do _____ __ ___ ______ ____ our phones.
more and more convenient
go shopping
most of the things with
3. 最终表达自己的观点
(1)重要的 _________
(2)学习 _____
(3)相信 ______
(4)越来越好 _______________
(5)自豪 ___________
important
learn
believe
better and better
be proud of
(6)我们应该合理地运用这些科技产品。
We should ___ the technology products __ __ _____
____.
use in a good
way
【连句成篇】
The great changes in our life
With the development of science and technology,
our life is very different from the life in the past. Our life
is becoming more and more convenient. We can go
shopping online at home with our phone. If you don’t
like this, you can also buy something on WeChat. You
can see some videos on WeChat about it.
If you don’t want to cook, you can buy some food
by your mobile phone. Someone will send it to you in a
very short time. Even some students also connect their
exercises to it. The teacher can know the result in a
minute by it.
The mobile phone is more and more important in
our life, but everyone must use it in a good way.
【练·话题写作】
大型纪录片《厉害了! 我的国》Amazing China!
展现了我国近几年来各个领域的巨大变化和取得的伟
大成就。请你以Amazing China! 为题, 从中学生的角
度介绍你身边的变化。
写作要求:
1. 表达清楚, 语法正确, 上下文连贯。
2. 词数: 80左右(开头已给出, 不计入总词数)。
3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名, 校名和地名。
参考词汇: free breakfast, shared-bikes(共享单车),
high-speed train(高铁), subway(地铁), WeChat Pay
(微信支付), community service(社区服务), life quality
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