概要写作3
For most of us，1.social media，like Twitter and Facebook，is a part of
our everyday lives—at work，home or both. But a lot of people are still
figuring out when to use it and how. This is especially true in high school，
where many teachers are unsure of how it fits in the classroom.
Dan Krutka，a high school teacher，is an advocate for using social
media in the classroom，and is an enthusiastic user of Twitter himself.
Krutka says it’s a great way to communicate with his students during non
class hours.“ You can continue to learn together outside the classroom，”
says Krutka.“So when students are posting on Twitter—say they post
something inaccurately or they make a really good point—I can go ahead
and respond to them before class.”
练习6
Krutka says 2.tweeting with his students isn’t just about convenience，3.it’s a
lesson. He says students need to learn how to use social media properly.“ People use
social media irresponsibly and school should be a place where we’re talking about
that and how to use it responsibly，” he says.“ As a teacher，I think part of my job
is to help students understand how to make best use of it as thoughtful learners.”
But Krutka is among the few educators who feel this way. Many schools，
including those in Western Massachusetts，are still struggling with whether or not
Twitter or Facebook should be used as teaching tools. 4.Many teachers believe that
social media in general can easily distract students. Sean Kavanagh，a ninth grade
world history teacher，tried using Twitter in class，but was distracted by all of the
nonclass related “noise”．
Besides，it seems that 5.some students don’t feel like this
way either. Ray Lynn is in Kavanagh’s history class. “I’d
rather keep my school and my personal social media life a
little more separate，” she says. “I’ d rather not have my
teacher on my Twitter or Facebook.”
1.Social media, part of our everyday lives, teachers are
unsure of how it fits in the classroom.
Social media is popular，but opinions on using it in
classes are divided.
Dan Krutka，a high school teacher，is an advocate for
using social media in the classroom.
Dan Krutka，a high school teacher，supports/is favor
of the use of social media.
2.Tweeting with his students isn’t just about convenience.
3.It’s a lesson. How to use it responsibly.
Saying it is not only convenient for communication but also
important/a lesson to teach them to be responsible users.
4.Many teachers believe that social media in general can
easily distract students.
The majority believe it a great distraction to students in
class./the social media can disturb the students’ attention.
5.Some students don’t feel like this way either.
Some students dislike the idea either.
Sample:
Social media is popular，but opinions on using it in classes are
divided. Dan Krutka，a high school teacher，supports the use of social
media，saying it is not only convenient for communication but also
important to teach them to be responsible users. However，the majority
believe it a great distraction to students in class. Interestingly，some
students dislike the idea either.
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about 1.competition.
Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and
prosperity(繁荣)．Others say that competition is bad，that it sets one person
against another and that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
2.I have taught many children who held the belief that their self worth
relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them，
playing well and winning are often life and death affairs. In their single
minded pursuit(追求) of success，the development of many other human
qualities is sadly forgotten.
练习7
However，3.while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take
an opposite attitude. In a culture which only values the winner and pays no
attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition. Among the
most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from
their parents or society. Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a
desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By
not trying，they always have an excuse，“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter
because I really didn’t want to try.” What is not usually admitted by them is the
belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot.
Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly，this belief
is the same as that of true competitors who try to prove themselves.
Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self respect relies on
how well one performs in comparison with others. 4.Both are afraid of
not being valued. 5.Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins
to dissolve(缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
1.Competition. Some value it highly Others say that
competition is bad.
Some people value competition highly while others are
against it strongly in modern society.
Some people think highly of competition while others are
opposed to it.
2.I have taught many children who held the belief that their
self worth relied on how well they performed.
Although some of my students take an opposite attitude，
many believe their performance determines their selfworth.
3.While some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take
an opposite attitude. Only values the winner and pays no attention to
the ordinary players.
4.Both are afraid of not being valued.
Among whom some struggle to win while others even have a desire
to fail, because both of them fear not to be valued.
5.Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve
(缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
Only when such fear disappears can we learn the true meaning of
competition.
Sample:
Some people value competition highly while others are
against it strongly in modern society. Although some of my
students take an opposite attitude， many believe their
performance determines their selfworth，among whom some
struggle to win while others even have a desire to fail，because
both of them fear not to be valued. Only when such fear
disappears can we learn the true meaning of competition.
练习8
1.To travel abroad，we often meet the problem of what to
take and how to take it. 2.Take as little as possible. Choose
clothes for your use in different kinds of situations and when
you have made your final selection，take half of it！It is
always a big problem to take too many things，and anyway if
necessary，you can buy what you need in America. Things
like jeans，T shirts and other clothes are good buys in the US.
If you hunt around you can usually find something on sale.
3.Whatever baggage you take，make sure it is easy to take.
Getting on and off buses and trains，even just changing planes，
can be a test if your bags are too heavy or too many. The best way
is to take one suitcase，and then a smaller bag. Even when you
have to check in your suitcase at the airport or bus station，you can
keep all your money and documents by your side. It is also a good
idea to keep a change of clothing in your shoulder bag in case your
suitcase gets lost by an airline or bus company.
The means you choose to travel around USA will depend
on your money, your time and something else. Since there are
certain discounts available to travelers who buy their tickets
outside USA, it is a good idea to 4.make travel plans before
you go. Also, when you buy your tickets outside the US, you
save the eight percent sales tax. Travel is like everything else
in America—you have to shop around for the best buys. Never
be afraid to ask for the cheapest fare. The clerk seldom offers
you the cheapest one.
1.To travel abroad，we often meet the problem of what
to take and how to take it.
How to solve the problem of what to take and how to
take it when travelling abroad.
2.Take as little as possible. You can buy what you need
in America.
Take as little as possible. This is because you can buy
what you want in America if necessary.
3.Whatever baggage you take，make sure it is easy to
take. Take one suitcase，and then a smaller bag.
Make sure that your baggage is easy to take. You’d
better take one suitcase and a smaller bag for
important things.
4.make travel plans before you go. Cheapest.
You can make trip schedule ahead of time，which
will save your time and money.
Sample:
The passage is mainly about how to solve the problem of what to
take and how to take it when travelling abroad. First，take as little
as possible. This is because you can buy what you need in America if
necessary. Second，make sure that your baggage is easy to take.
You’d better take one suitcase and a smaller bag for important
things. Finally，make travel plans ahead of time，which will save
your time and money.
练习9
1.Punishing children is a controversial topic. Everybody has different
opinions about how to act to correct a child’s behavior. Parents, teachers,
doctors, and specialists like psychologists, have disagreements about whether it
is good for a child’s education to punish him.
The word “punish” means different things to different people. 2.Punishment
can be physical or emotional. Physical punishment is when the parent hits, slaps
or spanks the child.
On the other hand, emotional punishment is when the parent，in order to
educate the child, doesn’t let him watch TV, go to play with his friends, or do
things like that. The parent doesn’t teach him, but still he punishes the child.
Although many surveys and studies have been made about what the correct
way is to raise a child，nobody has the answer or the truth. I think 3.it will be
very difficult to find the answer or get people to agree.
I think parents should love their child and give him the best education，but at
the same time，they should punish the child if he deserves it. I think if you love
your child，you should be rational when you apply the 4.punishment. It should
be reasonable but strict.
The parent’s goal is to have in the future a good man or woman in society，
so sometimes you should do what is necessary to 5.get your child to behave well.
1.Punishing children is a controversial topic.
People have mixed/debatable opinions towards punishment to
children.
2.Punishment can be physical or emotional. Physical punishment
is when the parent hits, slaps or spanks the child.
Punishment can be physical or emotional，but the way they are
punished is the key problem.
3.it will be very difficult to find the answer or get people to agree.
It is difficult/hard to find the correct way to raise a child.
4.Punishment should be reasonable but strict.
Proper punishment can be instructive and necessary to children if
it is reasonable and strict.
5. Love and the best education get your child to behave well.
Love and education are the most important for us to make our
kids behave well.
Sample:
People have mixed opinions towards punishment to children.
Punishment can be physical or emotional，but the way they are
punished is the key problem. As a matter of fact，it is difficult to
find the correct way to raise a child. Proper punishment can be
instructive and necessary to children if it is reasonable and strict. But
love and education are the most important for us to make our kids
behave well.
1.Sharks are amazing fish that have been around since long before the
dinosaurs existed. They live in waters all over the world，in every ocean，and
even in some rivers and lakes.
Unlike bony fish，2.sharks have no bones；their skeleton(骨架) is made
of cartilage(软骨)，which is not nearly as hard as bone.
3.There are many different species of sharks that range in size from the
size of a person’s hand to bigger than a bus. Fullygrown sharks range in size
from 7 inches(18cm) long (the Spined Pygmy shark)，up to 50 feet(15m) long
(the Whale shark)．Most sharks are middle in size，and are about the same
size as people，5－7 feet(1.5－2.1m) long. Half of the 368 shark species are
under 39 inches(1m) long.
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4.Sharks have a variety of body shapes. Most sharks have streamlined
， torpedo shaped bodies that fly easily through the water. Some
sharks(e.g. the angel shark) have flat bodies that allow them to hide in the
sand of the ocean bed. Some sharks have a long body shape(e.g.
cookiecutter sharks and wobbegongs)．Sawsharks have long noses，and
hammerheads have extraordinarily wide heads. The goblin shark has a
large，pointed protuberance(凸起) on its head；its purpose is unknown.
5.There are about 368 different species of sharks，which are
divided into 30 families. These different families of sharks are
very different in the way they look，live，and eat. They have
different shapes，sizes，colors，fins，teeth，habitat，diet，
personalities，methods of reproduction，and other characters.
Some types of sharks are very rare(like the great white sharks and
the megamouth) and some are quite common(like the dogfish
shark and bull shark)．
1.Sharks are amazing fish all over the world.
Sharks are amazing fish living in the world.
2.sharks have no bones；their skeleton(骨架) is made
of cartilage(软骨).
Sharks have no real hard bones but cartilage.
3.There are many different species of sharks,
Most sharks fly easily through the water.
There are different species of sharks of different sizes，all of
which can fly easily through the water.
4.Sharks have a variety of body shapes.
Sharks have various body shapes.
5.There are about 368 different species of sharks.
Some types of sharks are very rare.
About 368 different species of sharks live in waters，
some types of which are rare.
Sample:
Sharks are amazing fish living in the world. Sharks have no
real hard bones but cartilage，and there are different species of
sharks of different sizes，all of which can fly easily through the
water. Besides，sharks have various body shapes. In all，about
368 different species of sharks live in waters，some types of
which are very rare.
练习11
It’s the weekend and at some point you’ll probably relax to your favorite
music，watch a film with an attractive title track. There’s no doubt that listening
to your favorite music can instantly put you in a good mood. 1.But scientists are
now discovering that music can do more for you than just lift your spirits.
Research is showing it has a variety of health benefits.
Fresh research from Austria has found that 2.listening to music can help
patients with chronic(慢性的) back pain. And a recent survey by Mind—the
mental health charity—found that after discussing，patients found group treat
such as art and music treat，the most useful.
Here，we present some very useful ways that music can help you and
your family’s health. 3.Music works on the autonomic nervous system—the
part of the nervous system responsible for controlling our blood pressure，
heartbeat and brain function—and also the limbic system—the part of the
brain that controls feelings and emotions. According to one piece of
research，both these systems react sensitively to music.
When slow rhythms are played，our blood pressure and heartbeat slow
down，which helps us breathe more slowly，thus reducing muscle tension in
our neck，shoulders，stomach and back. And experts say that apart from
physical tension，music also reduces psychological tension in our mind.
In other words，when we feel painful，we become frightened，frustrated and
angry，which makes us tense up hundreds of muscles in our back. Listening to
music on a regular basis 4.helps our bodies relax physically and mentally，thus
helping to relieve and prevent back pain.
5.Experts believe any type of classical music such as Mozart or Beethoven
can help relieve muscle pain. Calm，slow music is also thought to help.
1.But scientists are now discovering that music can do more for
you than just lift your spirits. It has a variety of health benefits.
Scientists are now discovering that music has other kinds of
health benefits besides lifting people’s spirits.
2.listening to music can help patients with chronic(慢性的)
back pain.
It can help patients with chronic back pain.
3.Music works on the autonomic nervous system. Also the
limbic system.
Music works on the autonomic nervous system and also the
limbic system.
4.Helps our bodies relax physically and mentally，thus
helping to relieve and prevent back pain.
Make people’s bodies relax physically and mentally，
which can help to relieve back pain.
5.Experts, Classical music. Calm，slow music is also thought
to help.
Scientists recommend people to listen to classical music，and
calm，slow music.
Sample:
Scientists are now discovering that music has other kinds of health
benefits besides lifting people’s spirits. It can help patients with
chronic back pain. Because music works on the autonomic nervous
system and also the limbic system，thus making people’s bodies
relax physically and mentally，which can help to relieve back pain.
As a result，scientists recommend people to listen to classical music
，and calm，slow music.
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