七选五解题技巧
在做七选五时,应该注意以下四点:
1.把握文章主题句和结尾句
2.特别注意句句之间、段段之间的连接词
3.答案模糊时,联系上下文,排除干扰项
4.检查时,代入选项看是否通顺
有逻辑性的解题步骤:
1. 先读题目要求的第一句,初步了解主题
2. 利用语法知识确定句子缺失成分
3. 重点阅读空格前后的句子利用各种衔接手段选择正
确的选项填入空格
4. 认真阅读选项,并找出关键词与空格进行搭配
常见的六种指代方法:
人们讲话或写文章时,常常要把前后讲的或写的内容加
以联系。联系的方式有几类,它们为语言的应用提供粘
合(cohesion)。
1. 返指(referring back)已经提及的事项。
2. 预指(referring forward)将要说及的事项。
返指方法一:
使用名词词组返指前文中的具体名词,避免重复,并从意思上进
行具体解释。
返指方法二:
在名词(或名词词组)前使用the这一特指限定词,返指前文中
提到的名词或词组。
返指方法三:
使用副词来指代前文中提到或讨论到的时间。
返指方法四:
用this;that和他们的复数形式these和those清楚地返指前文中提到
的事物和事实;用such作为限定词或形容词返指刚刚提及的事物。
返指方法五:
所谈的行为或情况在前面已经提及时,可用so来替代。
返指方法六:
使用人称代词和物主代词。
在A-F备选句中一旦出现代词,就应该在前文中找到对应。否则该句
就不能成为答案。
常见的几种句型关系
1. 并列关系:空格前后的句子基本属于同一主题, 没有发生转折
All banks pay interest on savings accounts.____1____ Banks also pay interest at
different times. ____2____ Suppose, for example, that on January 1, you deposited $
1,000 in a bank that paid 4 1/2 percent interest semiannually. By July 1,you would
have earned $ 22.50 interest. This interest would automatically be credited to your
account; and of you left it in the bank, along with your original deposit, you would
receive interest on $ 1,022.50 for the next six-month period. That is, your interest
would be compounded.
A. The majority of them pay semiannually, that is, every six months.
B. The interest rate varies from bank to bank, but the general range is from 4
1/2 to 6 percent.
C. This means that passbook contains an actual record of all transactions made and
that you know the exact amount of savings you have at any one time.
D. One of these is checking accounts.
E. First you would be asked to fill out a signature card.
F. But most banks pay interest at the end of a year.
2. 总分关系 (举例关系)
A modern bank provides many services other than checking accounts. ____1____
If you went to a bank to open a savings account, you would go through almost the
same procedures followed in applying for a checking account.
A. But the majority of them pay semiannually, that is, every six months.
B. The interest rate varies from bank to bank, but the general range is from 4 1/2
to 6 percent.
C. This means that passbook contains an actual record of all transactions made
and that you know the exact amount of savings you have at any one time.
D. One of these is checking accounts.
E. First you would be asked to fill out a signature card.
F. One of the most important of these is regular passbook savings.
3. 转折关系: 空格前后的句子在含义上发生转折
Electricity is a significant source of export income for Canada. ____ 1 ____ But in the
1970s,Canadian exports rose sharply to address the U. S. demand for cheaper and more
reliable.
A. Besides, electricity from coal and nuclear is 50% to 75% cheaper than many other
industrial nations.
B. Generated primarily by water, our power supplies have attracted and supported energy
intensive industries such as mining.
C. It also ranks among the top three electricity producers in the world, behind the U. S. and
Russia.
D. Next to electricity, Canadian paper exports came to 900 million US dollars every year
in the 1960s.
E. Two large nuclear power plants began to generate electricity.
F. Canada and the U. S. imported and exported power in almost equal measures after
1901.
4. 因果关系: 如果空格前后出现表示因果关系的词或词组,空格与前后句子是
因果关系
Suppose you had an assistant who screened and selected only the quality books for
you. ____ (1)____ . So you could obtain a working knowledge of the book’s
contents in a fraction of the time. Now you can have that assistant with Executive
Book Summaries.
A) These introductory texts are the most important books and using them can pay
big dividends.
B) Discover practical tips and techniques you can apply without delay.
C) In order to avoid this problem, we select for you only the truly worthwhile titles
and reject the rest.
D) According to studies published in psychology journals, you retain the content of
a summary better than a book.
E) He or she would take the most important ideas from each one, and compile
them into a neat executive summary.
1.细节理解句出现在段落内部,考查的是段落内部句子之间,特别是前后句之
间的逻辑关系。表示逻辑关系的标志词、连接词或插入语等。
2.过渡句包括段落内部的过渡句和段落之间的过渡句。同义词、代词、上下
义词、同一范畴词等。转折关系、并列关系、因果关系、递进关系。
3.主题概括句以考查段落标题为主,设题位置一般在段首或段尾,考查文章的
段落大意。有时也会考查整篇文章的标题句,即文章主旨句。文章主旨句往
往以文章标题的形式出现。
Passage 1[2016· (全国Ⅰ)]
Secret codes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret
codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags (落后) far
behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
▶词汇详解
① cryptography n. 密码学,为不可数名词。
② spell out 用字母拼,拼写;解释明白,讲清楚
Could you spell that name out again?你能不能把那个名字再拼一次?
You know what I mean — I‘m sure I don‘t need to spell it out.你明白我的意思,肯定不需要我解释了。
There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of "My
elephant eats too many eels“ spell out the hidden message "Meet me."
38 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let‘s number the letters of
the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message "Meet
me" would read "13 5 5 20 13 5."
▶38空位于段首,所以可以"根据设空位置"选择答案。设空处在段首,通常为段落主题句,再阅
读本段内容可得出答案。
③ substitute v.代替,取代。常见搭配:
substitute A for B 用A代替B
substitute B with/by A 用A代替B
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code,
you must have a code book. 39 For example, "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might
stand for "me." The message "Bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me." 40 However, it is also
hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
【答案与解析】 文章主要介绍了与密码学相关的一些情况。
36.D 根据后面一句"Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making"可知,此空该选D(只要有
密码的存在,人们就会试图去破解它们)。
37.E 根据后一句的"For example, the first letters of ‘My elephant eats too many eels’ spell out the
hidden message ‘Meet me.’"可知,此空该选E(你可以拼写每个单词的第一个字母来隐藏信息)。
38.G 上一段介绍了第一种密码类型,本段介绍的是第二种类型,再根据空后的内容可知,空处选G(另
外一种隐藏信息的方式是用符号来代表字母表中的特定字母)。
39.F 由前一句的"a code book"和空后的"‘bridge’might stand for...‘me.’"可知,此空该选F(有了密码书,
你就可以写下代表其他单词的单词)。
40.A 本段介绍的是密码书,根据空后的转折可知,此处该选A(没有密码书是很难破解密码的)。