动词不定时4

动词不定式 The infinitive动词不定式知识衔接 动词种类速记口诀： 英语动词分四种，行为连系助动情。 动作状态为行动，充当谓语有作用； 连系动词有意义，不能独立作谓语， 须与表语在一起，常用look/become/be 助动词无意义，不能独立作谓语， 时态、疑问和否定，do，be，will最常用 情态动词must，can，may，表示语气和情态， 人称与数无变化，动词原形跟着它。动词不定式考纲要求 1 掌握动词不定式的肯定式和否定式的构成形式； 2 掌握不定式作宾语、宾补、主语、表语的用法； 3 了解不定式作定语、状语的用法； 4 熟记一些常用动词不定式作宾语的动词，如 decide, fail, refuse, manage, choose, hope, agree, plan, intend, pretend, promise, offer, afford, demand。动词不定式考纲要求 5. 掌握动词不定式在某些动词后作宾补时省去to的 用法。在主动结构中，“四看”（see，watch， notice，observe）、“三使”（make，let， have）、“两听”（hear，listen to）、“一感觉”（feel）后+宾语+不带to的不 定式。但是这些省去的to在变成被动语态后需加 上to。6. 作定语(后置） 动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词 、代词的后面。 　eg：He is the first person to sail around the world. I have a lot of work to do． The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy． 提示：如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系， 且动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉后面的介词。如： I have a small bedroom to live in． Have you got some pens to write with？ 返回练一练： 1.I have something _______ ﹙要说﹚. 2.She has a lot of work _______﹙做﹚every day . 3. The old man has a house _______ ﹙住 ﹚. 4. She is a nice person__________ ﹙谈话﹚ . to say to do to live in to talk with7. 疑问词who, what, which, where, when, how 加to do可构成不定式短语, 在句中可用 作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。 When to start has not been decided. (主语) I don’t know what to do. (宾语) He can tell you where to get the book. (宾语补足语) The question is who(m) to ask. (表语)7. 疑问词+ to do 构成短语 We don’t know when to leave Beijing. Can you show me how to swim. He didn’t tell me when to leave.练一练： 1.Joe is teaching Alice ______the chair. A.how mend B. how mending C. how to mend 2. I don’t know what________ (do) next. 3. Could you tell me when __________ (have) dinner? C to do to have ①find it+adj+to do =find (that) it is… to do. ②think it…to do… =think (that) it is adj+to do sth. I found it easy to learn English. =I found it is easy to learn English. Exercise: I felt it hard ______(give) up ______(smoke) 不定式重点句式③It’s time to do sth.是该做某事的时候了。 ④It’s one’s duty to do sth做某事是某人的责任 ⑤It’s one’s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 ⑥Take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 ⑦It takes sb some time to do sth花费某人一些时间 做某事 ⑧ It costs sb some money to do sth花费某人一些金 钱做某事③轮流做某事 ④花费某人一些时间做某事 ⑤花费某人一些金钱做某事 ⑥是该做某事的时候了。 ⑦做某事是某人的责任 ⑧ 轮到某人做某事练一练： 1.It cost me 5 yuan _____ (buy) the book yesterday. 2.It will take him 8 minutes ____ (get) there. 3.We take turns ____ (clean) the classroom. 4. It’s already time _____ (stop) _________(discuss) 5. It’s my duty __________ (protect) you to buy to get to clean to stop discussing to protect特殊用法： 1. 只能跟ing 的动词： • finish（完成）, enjoy(乐意), mind（介意）, keep(on)（继续）, practise（练习）, feel like（喜欢）, be busy doing（忙于）， give up（放弃）, look forward to doing（盼望）, can’t help doing（禁不住）, be used to doing（习惯于…）练一练： 1. She needs some paper to _____ . A.write B.write in C.write with D.write on 2.Give me a pen _______. A. write B. to write C. write with D. to write with 3. ---Shopping with me? ---Sorry. I have a lot of clothes ____ . A.washed B.wash C.to wash D.to be washed D D C 练一练： 1.I can’t help _____ (cry) . 2. He didn’t finish ____ (do) homework. 3. Would you mind ____ (close) the window. 4. Every day Mary practice ____(speak) English. 练一练： 5. Kangkang is busy _____ (watch) TV now. 6. I look forward to ___ (hear) from you. 7. They keep ____ (play) basketball. 8. My sister feels like ______ (eat) ice cream.1.forget/remember to do sth(没做过此事) forget/remember doing sth(已做过此事) Eg.I will never forget writing to you when I was 12 years old. I’m sorry I forgot to see you off this morning.1. 我永远忘不了初次寄信的情景。 I‘ll never forget _______ （post）a letter for the first time. 2. 她忘记寄这封信了。 She forgot ________(post) the letter. 3. I remember __________ ( see )her once. 4. Remember ____________ （phone）me. posting to post seeing to phone2.stop /go on to do 与stop/go on doing ： stop to do 停下其它的事情，去做不定式的动作。 We are so tired. Let’s stop to have a rest. 我们太累了，让我们停下来休息一会儿吧。 stop doing是指停下来正在做的事情 The students stopped talking when the teacher came in. 1.She reached the top of the hill and stopped ____on a big rock by the side of the path. A. resting B. to rest C. rest 2. It’s time for class ,please stop ________(talk) 3. He stopped _______(say)hello to me when he saw me. 4. It’s too late, let’s stop_________(work) 5. He stopped________(cry) when seeing his mother. C talking to say working crying• 3. try to do 尽力做某事 try doing ：试着做某事 她设法打电话找你。 She tried to get you on the phone 她试着写作文。 She tried writing a compositionExercises 1. -- You’ve done very well this time. -- It’s really kind ______. A. for you to say so B. for you saying so C. of you to say so D. of you saying so 2. It is better to lose one’s life than ____. A. if you lose your spirit B. losing his spirit C. to lose one’s spirit D. your spirit getting lost C C3. – I can’t work in this way. -- Why not ____ it in some other way? A. try to do B. try doing C. trying to do D. trying doing 4. Since you find it difficult ____ a decision, you’d better a discussion( 讨论) with your parents. A. reach; have B. reaching; have C. reach; having D. to reach; have B D5. My father hates(痛恨) ___. He never allows me _____. A. to smoke; to smoke B. smoking; smoking C. smoke; smoking D. smoking; to smoke 6. The girl was beginning ___. A. get angry B. to get angry C. getting angry D. angry D B7. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know ________. A. where to choose B. which to choose C. what to choose D. to choose which 8. The bag is too heavy for me _______. A. to carry it B. not to carry it C. to carry D. not to carry 9. The teacher will teach him _______. A. to use B. use it C. how to use it D. uses B C C