028-2020高中英语完形填空解题思路及精细讲解
考纲要求与说明 完形填空题型考查考生语篇
中灵活运用语言知识的能力。这种题型既可以测试
词汇、句法等语言方面的知识，又可以考查学生的
理解、联想、判断、推理等方面的思维能力具有较
强的区分度，对考生的能力要求较高。
完形填空试题特点1） 材料特点：长度大约250---300个词之间。体裁以记
叙文为主，近几年出现了新闻报道、应用文，议论文等文体，时代气息越来
越浓，更贴近现实生活，传播知识的同时，传递正能量，可读性较强。2）
考点：要求考生根据上下文信息选出意义符合语境的词，即只考语篇意义之
间的衔接或语篇意义的完整，确保上下文语义贯通。3）不考点：一般不考
单纯的语法，不考固定搭配，不考同义词辨析。完形填空全面考查学生的语
言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进
行猜测、推断、验证的过程，需要我们立足语篇环境，树立全局观念，瞻前
顾后，连贯思维，从语境角度来选择答案。
完形填空的解题方法总的原则: 先完意，后完形。十六字方针：上下通气 ，瞻
前顾后， 左顾右盼，前后照应。三步曲： 读——填——读
完形填空具体解题步骤1.通览---选填---复核 跳格快速阅读一下全文，通过通
览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容等等。2.选填---紧扣
文意，瞻前顾后，先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，
展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，
语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考，选项入格。3.复核---全面检查，确保语意
连贯，用词准确。 复读全文验证答案。带着答案把全文再通读一遍 ，注意看
所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完
整、首尾呼应。
完形填空分类
记叙文型完形填空可分为记事和记人两种形式。
在记事型记叙文的完形填空中,作者在文章的第一句就已经把事件及其发生的时间、地点、人
物交代清楚了,然后对这件事情的发生、发展进行陈述。通过对事件的叙述,反映出作者的某
种思想,最后得出事件产生的结果。
记叙文在高考中占了很大的比例: 人物故事、历史故事、励志故事。
作者入手的角度也是各有千秋：社会、家庭、历史、文化、健康、社会科学的最新发展,作为
每年高考的一个主打体裁,命题人在选材上是绞尽了脑汁,但总体来讲它一般有以下两个特点:
1. 情节曲折,信息量大,结尾出人意料的话题。
近几年高考完形填空往往在情节上有较大的曲折变化,并且结果出人意料,在文章的写作风格
上作者不再是单纯地去叙述某个人、某件事,而是在叙述过程中把对人物的语言、行为、心理
活动的描写也都融入了文章的叙述中,这样无疑就增加了考生理解的难度。因此,对于考生来
说应理清故事发展的脉络,根据人物的语言、行为及心理活动等去了解作者的写作意图,对故
事的发展和结局作出合理的想象和预测。
2. 有亲切感,能引起共鸣,学生关注和熟悉的话题。
近几年高考完形填空中有很多是反映人际关系、当今科学发展对人际关系的影响等的文章,这
些是学生平时在生活中接触比较多的话题,因此对于学生来说容易接受,没有陌生感。
此类文章往往是高考中较难的题目,也是最容易失分的一种文章体裁。所选的有关文章蕴涵
深刻的人生哲理,因此耐人寻味。从近年的高考完形填空来看,很多的完形填空往往在平淡的
叙述中蕴涵着深刻的人生哲理。鉴于这一点,考生不但要理解文章的字面意思,更重要的是挖
掘文章的内涵,只有做到了这一点,考生才能透彻理解文章,做好完形填空。
夹叙夹议型的完形填空一般有以下三个特点:
1.
先叙述作者自己的某一个生活经历或见闻,然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法,或揭示
生活的真理。
2.
作者先提出一种观点或看法,然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明,有时也可能是
用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。
3. 提出一种观点或见解,然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点,最后再进一步总结和升华。
对于夹叙夹议型的完形填空,抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类型题
目的关键,而作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。
在说明文型完形填空题中,作者一般是首先提出一个要说明的对象,如某种理论、某种方
法、某种技巧、某项活动,然后按照时间、空间、事情发展的顺序,运用举例、对比、演
绎、归纳等方式进行介绍或说明。说明文型完形填空常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加
以说明。文章可以是用来说明某一个存在的社会现象、一个产品的制作过程、一种产品
的使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题。对于这一类型的完
形填空,对考生而言最重要的还是要抓住作者说明的中心。说明文所呈现的方式往往较为
单一,作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象,然后再从不同的角度进行说明。由于以上特点,
这类文章的每一段往往就是其中的一个角度或侧面。因此,考生要注意概括每一个段落的
主旨大意。在文章每一段的开头或结尾,作者往往会对说明的话题进行概括说明。
议论文型完形填空一般是直接提出论点,通过论据论证,最后作者提出自己的看法或提出另
一个话题供大家讨论。解答这类题要遵循下列原则:
1.
对于纯议论型的完形填空,在把握全文主旨的情况下,抓住每段的首句是非常重要的。有一
项调查结果表明:英语中有60%~90%的议论文的主旨是文章的首句,抓住了文章的主旨也
就“牵住了牛鼻子”,再理解文章也就不难了。
2.
理清文章的论点、论据和结论。与记叙文型完形填空相比,议论文型完形填空更难做一些
。一般的记叙文是按时间顺序进行描述的,我们只要把握事件的发生、发展过程就能将情
景把握好。然而,议论文型完形填空就没有这么简单了。如果我们对论点、论据、结论都
把握不清,只能是莽撞地选择答案。
一般说来,能说明论点的主要内容的答案可以在论据里得到印证,且论点里
某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来,使论点论据形成相辅相成的关系,
从而使整篇文章内容上下一致。如果我们所选的答案前后矛盾,论点与论
据相悖,最后的结论与论点相矛盾,那就说明我们对文章的把握还欠条理性
和系统性,这时我们需要重新理顺文章中的各部分,直到条理清晰为止,然后
再依据自己对文章的把握及各部分的逻辑关系选出答案。
完形填空所选短文的第一句通常为主题句,一般不设空。把握主题句对
于理解全文和解题很有帮助。
2017课标全国Ⅰ卷中完形填空题的首句While high school
does not generally encourage students to explore new
aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.
为本文的主旨句,说明本文的主旨是大学生探索生活新的方面,即学习美
式手语。
解题技巧
完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解,所以考生在做题时要有全局观念,进
行连贯性思维,要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解,进行
合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常会有提示,这种提示多为后面提
示前面。一般来说,完形填空的四个选项形式完全相同,如都是动词原形、
都是副词、都是名词复数形式等,所以要注意它们在意义上和搭配上的细
微差异,形义兼顾。
同时,一定要把这些选项放到特定语境里进行区分、判断,从而选出正确答
案。
I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his graduation from
high school and remained the same 53 person I met forty
years before.Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a
homeless man 54 (sleep)in his truck. Another time, he 55(lent) a
friend money to buy a house.(2017课标全国Ⅱ)
53.A.daring B.modest C.caring D.smart
本题四个选项均为形容词,下文“他在店里上夜班时,他让一个无家可归的
人睡在他的卡车里。还有一次他借钱给一个朋友去买房子”暗示53空:乐
于助人的,关心他人的。语篇一般指比句子长的语言单位,如句群、段落、
篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语,这些词语被称为“
语篇标志”。答案 C
表示结构层次的语篇标志语有firstly, secondly, thirdly,
finally等;表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有thus, therefore,
so等;表示改变话题的语篇标志语有by the
way等;表示递进关系的语篇标志语有besides,
what's more, furthermore等;表示时间关系的语篇标志语有before,
so far, yet, mean-while, later等;表转折或让步关系的语篇标志语有
but, while,
although等。在做完形填空时,如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语,就可以
迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文的关系。
A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to
the right woman. But 41 apply. You must be named
Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 42(passport).
(2017课标全国Ⅲ)
41.A.benefits B.deposits C.restrictions D.examinations
根据转折连词But可知:虽然一位多伦多男士愿意给某位女士免费提供环
球旅行的机票,但是有一些限制(restrictions)。下句介绍了限制的具体内
容。答案 C
完形填空试题中,有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中。
词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯,从而构成一个完整而有机的意义整
体。 在阅读文章的过程中,有时也会发现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或近义词。
因此要学会充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推测判断,选出正确答案。
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new
aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went
through this 41 process and found...(2017课标全国Ⅰ)
41.A.searching B.planning C. natural D.formal
本文首句(尽管高中不鼓励学生探索生活的新的方面,但是大学却使那种探索成为可能)为主
题句。 根据首句中的exploration(探索)可知本空答案为searching(探索)。
search和explore为同义词,下文的“found”也和search对应。答案 A
完形填空命题的基本形式是独立的语篇,它以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息,但其中有时渗
透着如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。
考生在做题时,若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用,特别是注意
中西文化的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺利地沿作者的思路
阅读下去。
Just last year, I was 56(conducting)a workshop when someone knocked at
the classroom door. A woman 57(excused)the interruption and handed me
an envelope. I stopped teaching and 58 it up.(2017课标全国Ⅱ)
58.A.opened B.packed C.gave D.held
根据西方人的风俗,当收到别人给的礼物、包裹等时,要当面打开包裹、包装。答案A
答题时通过分析习惯用法、词语搭配、固定搭配等搭配关系和句子结构,进行有效的推理判断,
从而选出正确选项。
因此,同学们平时要有意识地记忆一些常用的词语搭配、习惯用法、固定搭配,学会分析句子结
构。 这类题目要求我们不仅能够记忆这些词和词组,还要学会灵活使用,准确判断。
对常见句型的掌握也很重要。
有些句型在经过反复使用后,会让我们形成一定的语感,这对确定题目答案很有帮助。
Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he
found 44(another)vehicle upside down on the road.(2016课标全国Ⅰ)
43.A.Since B.Although C.As D.If
分析句子结构及所给选项,可判断设空处引导状语从句,表示“当…”
当他逐渐接近,他发现另外一辆车车胎朝上翻在路上。答案 C
对于高三学生而言,要多做记叙文型的完形填空,因为考查的重点是
语篇的通读能力,记叙文最能突出这个特点。
要想在完形填空中取得好成绩,建议同学们第一学期每周至少做两
篇,第二学期每周不低于三篇。
完形填空不是靠老师讲会的,关键在于练,熟能生巧。
Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was
41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car
with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on
the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46
vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher(灭火器).
Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.41. A. walking
B. touring C. traveling D. rushing42. A. passengers B. colleagues
C. employers D. customers43. A. Since B. Although C. As
D. If44. A. each B. another C. that D. his45. A.
flames B. smoke C. water D. steam46. A. used B.
disabled C. removed D. abandoned47. A. got hold of B. prepared C.
took charge of D. controlled
依据上下文暗示解题的方法
Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was
41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car
with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on
the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46
vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher(灭火器).
Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.41. A. walking
B. touring C. traveling D. rushing
42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers43. A. Since
B. Although C. As D. If44. A. each B. another C.
that D. his45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam46. A.
used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned47. A. got hold of B.
prepared C. took charge of D. controlled
练习： It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town
was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. How
could the medicine get to Nome? The town's ___39___ was already
full of ice, so it couldn't come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t
travel on the __40___ roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn't exist
yet.39. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border40. A.
narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty[来源:学§科§网]
练习： It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The
town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town's ___39___
was already full of ice, so it couldn't come by ship. Cars and horses
couldn't travel on the __40___ roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks
didn't exist yet.39. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border40.
A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty[来源:学§科§网]
They told her to stay ___52____ until the emergency
personnel arrived, ___53____ she thought the car was going to
____54____. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and
she should not move ___55___ she injured her neck.52. A. quiet
B. still C. away D. calm53. A. for B. so
C. and D. but54. A. explode B. slip awayC. fall
apart D. crash
55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after
语义逻辑关系解题的方法
They told her to stay ___52____ until the emergency
personnel arrived, ___53____ she thought the car was going to
____54____. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and
she should not move ___55___ she injured her neck.52. A. quiet
B. still C. away D. calm
53. A. for B. so C. and D. but
54. A. explode B. slip awayC. fall apart D. crash
55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after
Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man
___56___ and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the ____57___ if he was
needed or ____58___ to go. They let him and the other man go.One thing is
____59_____ —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close
to the burning vehicle! His _____60___ most likely saved the woman's life.56. A.
stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out57. A.
woman B. police C. man D. driver58. A.
forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free59. A. for
certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked60. A. patience
B. skills C. efforts D. promise
Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man
___56___ and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the ____57___ if he was
needed or ____58___ to go. They let him and the other man go.One thing is
____59_____ —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close
to the burning vehicle! His _____60___ most likely saved the woman's life.56. A.
stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out57. A.
woman B. police C. man D. driver58. A.
forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free59. A. for
certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked60. A. patience
B. skills C. efforts D. promise
练习： What brought about this ____36___ change in me? The
desert hadn't changed, ___37___ I had. I had changed my ___38____.
And by doing so, I changed an unhappy experience into the most
amazing ___39____ of my life. I was excited by this new world that I
had discovered. I had looked out of my self-created prison and
____40___ the stars.36. A. shocking B. challenging C. puzzling
D. astonishing37. A. as B. but C. for
D. or38. A. attitude B. principle C. identity D.
standard39. A. vacation B operation C. affair D.
adventure40. A. sought B. counted C. found D.
reached
练习： What brought about this ____36___ change in me? The
desert hadn't changed, ___37___ I had. I had changed my ___38____.
And by doing so, I changed an unhappy experience into the most
amazing ___39____ of my life. I was excited by this new world that I
had discovered. I had looked out of my self-created prison and
____40___ the stars.36. A. shocking B. challenging C. puzzling
D. astonishing37. A. as B. but C. for
D. or38. A. attitude B. principle C. identity D.
standard39. A. vacation B operation C. affair D.
adventure40. A. sought B. counted C. found D.
reached
The man who had his bright lights on ____48___ and told Larry
he had ____49___ an emergency call. They ___50____ heard a woman's
voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. __51____ the vehicle,
they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken
window.48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came
over49. A. returned B. received C. made D.
confirmed50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even51. A.
Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching
词语搭配习惯的方法
The man who had his bright lights on ____48___ and told Larry
he had ____49___ an emergency call. They ___50____ heard a woman's
voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. __51____ the vehicle,
they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken
window.48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came
over49. A. returned B. received C. made D.
confirmed50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even51. A.
Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching
练习： Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into
her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to ___18___ our
local swim team. She practiced hard and finally __19____ it. The team practice,
____20__, was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly ___21___
her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to ____22__
her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit
__23____ to go! I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing, but
she refused to ___24____ and insisted she go.18. A. improve B. train C.
join D. contact19. A. increased B. found C. created
D. made20. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D.
instead21. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste22. A.
pull B. tell C. hide D. fire23. A. afraid B.
nervous C. ready D. free24. A .take off B. set off C.
give up D. show up
练习： Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into
her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to ___18___ our
local swim team. She practiced hard and finally __19____ it. The team practice,
____20__, was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly ___21___
her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to ____22__
her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit
__23____ to go! I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing, but
she refused to ___24____ and insisted she go.18. A. improve B. train C.
join D. contact19. A. increased B. found C. created
D. made20. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D.
instead21. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste22. A.
pull B. tell C. hide D. fire23. A. afraid B.
nervous C. ready D. free24. A .take off B. set off C.
give up D. show up
One more look and he noticed ___45___ shooting out from
under the ___46___ vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and
___47____ the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the
extinguisher and the fire was put out.45. A. flames B. smoke
C. water D. steam46. A. used B. disabled C. removed
D. abandoned47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge
of D. controlled
词汇复现解题的方法
One more look and he noticed ___45___ shooting out from
under the ___46___ vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and
___47____ the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the
extinguisher and the fire was put out.45. A. flames B. smoke
C. water D. steam46. A. used B. disabled C. removed
D. abandoned47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge
of D. controlled
练习： No, it's too long and it doesn't have any ___49____” complained Lainey.Oh,
that’s where you are __50____; there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures;
you just have to read the words to ___51__ them. It’s like magic.” Nice try, Aunt
Dede,” Lainey replied ____52__ from the back seat. Another ____53__ was in order.
“Well, if you don't want to read it, give it ___54___. Maybe your mom would __55____
hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to
read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter, ___56___ were coming from the back seat:
“Please read a little __57____.”49.A. pictures B. stories C. adventures
D. conversations50. A. crazy B. foolish C. wrong
D. different51. A. see B. match C. show D. recognize52.
A. sourly B. patiently C. eagerly D. shyly53. A. idea
B. try C. belief D. behavior54. A. away B. out
C. in D. back55. A. enjoy B. admit C. mind
D. finish56. A. decisionsB. requests C. comments D. promises57. A. more
clearly B. longer C. louder D. more carefully
练习： No, it's too long and it doesn't have any ___49____” complained Lainey.Oh,
that's where you are __50____; there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures;
you just have to read the words to ___51__ them. It's like magic.” Nice try, Aunt
Dede,” Lainey replied ____52__ from the back seat. Another ____53__ was in order.
“Well, if you don't want to read it, give it ___54___. Maybe your mom would __55____
hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to
read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter, ___56___ were coming from the back seat:
“Please read a little __57____.”49.A. pictures B. stories C. adventures
D. conversations50. A. crazy B. foolish C. wrong D. different51.
A. see B. match C. show D. recognize52. A. sourly 没好气地
B. patiently C. eagerly D. shyly53. A. idea B. try
C. belief D. behavior54. A. away B. out C. in
D. back55. A. enjoy B. admit C. mind D. finish56. A. decisions
B. requests C. comments D. promises57. A. more clearly B. longer
C. louder D. more carefully
命题探究
(2017课标全国Ⅰ) While high school does not generally encourage
students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that
exploration. I myself went through this 1 process and found something
that has changed my 2 at college for the better:I discovered ASL—
American Sign Language(美式手语). I never felt an urge to 3 any sign
language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The
4 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know
that I would discover my 5 for ASL.①
1.A.searching B.planning C.natural D.formal2.A.progress
B.experience C.major D.opinion3.A.choose B.read
C.learnD.create4.A.official B.foreign C.body D.spoken5.A.love
B.concern C.goal D.request
The 6 began during my first week at college. I watched as
the ASL Club 7 their translation of a song. Both the hand
movements and the very 8 of communicating without speaking
9 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had
experienced in the 10 .② This newness just left me 11 more.
6.A.meeting B.trip C.story
D.task7.A.recorded B.performed C.recited
D.discussed8.A.idea B.amount C.dream
D.reason9.A.disturbed B.supported C.embarrassed
D.attracted10.A.end B.past C.course
D.distance11.A.showing B.acting C.saying
D.wanting
After that, feeling the need to 12 further, I decided to drop in on one of
ASL Club�s meetings. I only learned how to 13 the alphabet that day. Yet
instead of being discouraged by my 14 progress, I was excited. I then made
it a point to 15 those meetings and learn all I could. The following
term, I 16 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 17 . I
soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 18 , if there had been any
talking, it would have 19 us to learn less.③ Now, I appreciate the silence and
the 20 way of communication it opens.
12.A.exercise B.explore C.express D.explain
13.A.print B.write C.sign D.count
14.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious
15.A.chair B.sponsor C.attend D.organize
16.A.missed B.passed C.gave up D.registered for
17.A.prohibited B.welcomed C.ignored D.repeated
18.A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.However
19.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected
20.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new
解题步骤1.根据语法知识定出答案:对于副词、连词等考查可根
据所需语法知识进行作答。2.从上下文或前后句中找到有提示
作用的词或句子定出答案:完形填空中有些试题可从上下文中找
到提示词,考生可根据提示词作答。3.结合上下文根据常识定答
案:完形填空中大多数试题四个选项都是同一词性,同一形式,这
类试题要求考生结合上下文根据常识作答。
高效解题
1.试填——先易后难,逐层深入。
(1)根据语法知识定出答案。
第10题:根据本句中“had experienced”的时态(过去完成时)可推知本
空答案为past;
第18题:本题考查副词。句意:我很快就意识到无声并非不愉快,与之相反
(instead),如果有任何交流,那只会造成我们学到较少的东西。
The 6 began during my first week at college. I watched as
the ASL Club 7 their translation of a song. Both the hand
movements and the very 8 of communicating without speaking
9 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had
experienced in the 10 .② This newness just left me 11 more.
6.A.meeting B.trip C.story
D.task7.A.recorded B.performed C.recited
D.discussed8.A.idea B.amount C.dream
D.reason9.A.disturbed B.supported C.embarrassed
D.attracted10.A.end B.past C.course
D.distance11.A.showing B.acting C.saying
D.wanting
After that, feeling the need to 12 further, I decided to drop in on one of
ASL Club's meetings. I only learned how to 13 the alphabet that day. Yet
instead of being discouraged by my 14 progress, I was excited. I then made
it a point to 15 those meetings and learn all I could. The following
term, I 16 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 17 . I
soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 18 , if there had been any
talking, it would have 19 us to learn less.③ Now, I appreciate the silence and
the 20 way of communication it opens.
12.A.exercise B.explore C.express D.explain
13.A.print B.write C.sign D.count
14.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious
15.A.chair B.sponsor C.attend D.organize
16.A.missed B.passed C.gave up D.registered for
17.A.prohibited B.welcomed C.ignored D.repeated
18.A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.However
19.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected
20.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new
(2)从上下文或前后句中找到有提示作用的词或句子定出答案。
第1题:根据前面的exploration可推知本空填searching;
第2题:根据上下文可知:作者亲自经历了这个探索过程
(searching process),发现了使自己大学生活经历
(experience)变得更加美好的东西;
命题探究
(2017课标全国Ⅰ) While high school does not generally encourage
students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that
exploration. I myself went through this 1 process and found something
that has changed my 2 at college for the better:I discovered ASL—
American Sign Language(美式手语). I never felt an urge to 3 any sign
language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The
4 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I
would discover my 5 for ASL.①
1.A.searching B.planning C.natural D.formal2.A.progressB.experience
C.major D.opinion3.A.choose B.read C.learn
D.create4.A.official B.foreign C.body D.spoken5.A.love
B.concern C.goal D.request
第3题:下文介绍了作者学习手语的过程,由此可推出:我以前从来没有
感觉到有学习(learn)任何一种手语的冲动;
第5题:从下面几段可知作者最后对美式手语非常喜爱,故本空填love。
当时我根本就不知道我会发现对美式手语的热爱;
命题探究
(2017课标全国Ⅰ) While high school does not generally encourage
students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that
exploration. I myself went through this 1 process and found something
that has changed my 2 at college for the better:I discovered ASL—
American Sign Language(美式手语). I never felt an urge to 3 any sign
language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The
4 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know
that I would discover my 5 for ASL.①
1.A.searching B.planning C.natural D.formal2.A.progress
B.experience C.major D.opinion3.A.choose B.read
C.learnD.create4.A.official B.foreign C.body D.spoken
5.A.love B.concern C.goal D.request
第6题:上文提到作者从未感到有学习手语的欲望,觉得口头语言
在所有的人际交往中已经足够了,也不知道自己怎么会对美式手
语产生了兴趣。下文是回忆自己学习美式手语的经历,因此此处
填story。句意:故事开始于我上大学的第一周。该句起引出下文
的作用;
第9题:根据下句(我所看到的完全不像我在过去曾经体验过的任
何东西)可推知:无声交流的想法吸引了(attracted)我;
The 6 began during my first week at college. I watched as
the ASL Club 7 their translation of a song. Both the hand
movements and the very 8 of communicating without speaking
9 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had
experienced in the 10 .② This newness just left me 11 more.
6.A.meeting B.trip C.story
D.task7.A.recorded B.performed C.recited
D.discussed8.A.idea B.amount C.dream
D.reason9.A.disturbed B.supported C.embarrassed
D.attracted10.A.end B.past C.course
D.distance11.A.showing B.acting C.saying
D.wanting
第12题:根据第1段中的exploration及上文可知本空填explore;
第14题:根据本句中的discouraged可推知本空填slow;
第17题:根据上文中的The professor was deaf可知任何交谈都被禁
止(prohibited)。
After that, feeling the need to 12 further, I decided to drop in on one of
ASL Club's meetings. I only learned how to 13 the alphabet that day. Yet
instead of being discouraged by my 14 progress, I was excited. I then made
it a point to 15 those meetings and learn all I could. The following
term, I 16 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 17 . I
soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 18 , if there had been any
talking, it would have 19 us to learn less.③ Now, I appreciate the silence
and the 20 way of communication it opens.
12.A.exercise B.explore C.express D.explain
13.A.print B.write C.sign D.count
14.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious
15.A.chair B.sponsor C.attend D.organize
16.A.missed B.passed C.gave up D.registered for
17.A.prohibited B.welcomed C.ignored D.repeated
18.A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.However
19.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected
20.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new
(3)结合上下文根据常识定答案。第4题:根据上文中的hearing可推知本
空填spoken; While high school does not generally encourage students to explore
new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself
went through this 1 process and found something that has changed my
2 at college for the better:I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美
式手语). I never felt an urge to 3 any sign language before. My entire
family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 4 languages were
enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover
my 5 for ASL.①
1.A.searching B.planning C.natural D.formal2.A.progress
B.experience C.major D.opinion3.A.choose B.read
C.learnD.create4.A.official B.foreign C.body D.spoken5.A.love
B.concern C.goal D.request
The 6 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club
7 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 8 of
communicating without speaking 9 me. What I saw was completely unlike
anything I had experienced in the 10 .② This newness just left me 11 more.
6.A.meeting B.trip C.story D.task7.A.recorded
B.performed C.recited D.discussed8.A.idea B.amount
C.dream D.reason9.A.disturbed B.supported
C.embarrassed D.attracted10.A.end B.past C.course
D.distance11.A.showing B.acting C.saying D.wanting
第7题:根据下文中的“the hand movements”及“communicating without
speaking”可推知本空答案为performed;
第11题:根据常识(新奇的东西会激发人的求知欲),可知答案为D项。句意:这种新奇使我想了
解更多;
第13题:学习手语,要用手势表达(sign)字母;第16题:前文介绍了作者一接触手语就感兴趣,随后决定drop in on,然
后made it a point to attend those meetings and learn all he could,再后来在第二学期注册了(registered
for)美式手语课程;第20题:根据常识可知用手语对作者来说是一种新的交流方式,故答案为new。
After that, feeling the need to 12 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club's
meetings. I only learned how to 13 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by
my 14 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 15 those meetings and learn all I
could. The following term, I 16 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was
17 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 18 , if there had been any talking, it
would have 19 us to learn less.③ Now, I appreciate the silence and the 20 way of
communication it opens.
12.A.exercise B.explore C.express D.explain
13.A.print B.write C.sign D.count
14.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious
15.A.chair B.sponsor C.attend D.organize
16.A.missed B.passed C.gave up D.registered for
17.A.prohibited B.welcomed C.ignored D.repeated
18.A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.However
19.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected
20.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new
2.复核——全面检查,确保合理。把全文再读一遍,注意所
选答案能否做到使文章意思通顺,前后连贯,逻辑严谨,结构
完整。
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A
6.C 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.B
11.D 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.C
16.D 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.D
命题探究
(2017课标全国Ⅰ) While high school does not generally encourage
students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that
exploration. I myself went through this 1 process and found something
that has changed my 2 at college for the better:I discovered ASL—
American Sign Language(美式手语). I never felt an urge to 3 any sign
language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The
4 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know
that I would discover my 5 for ASL.①
1.A.searching B.planning C.natural D.formal2.A.progress
B.experience C.major D.opinion3.A.choose B.read
C.learnD.create4.A.official B.foreign C.body D.spoken5.A.love
B.concern C.goal D.request
The 6 began during my first week at college. I watched as
the ASL Club 7 their translation of a song. Both the hand
movements and the very 8 of communicating without speaking
9 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had
experienced in the 10 .② This newness just left me 11 more.
6.A.meeting B.trip C.story D.task7.A.recorded
B.performed C.recited D.discussed8.A.idea
B.amount C.dream D.reason9.A.disturbed
B.supported C.embarrassed D.attracted10.A.end
B.past C.course D.distance11.A.showing
B.acting C.saying D.wanting
After that, feeling the need to 12 further, I decided to drop in on one of
ASL Club's meetings. I only learned how to 13 the alphabet that day. Yet
instead of being discouraged by my 14 progress, I was excited. I then made
it a point to 15 those meetings and learn all I could. The following
term, I 16 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 17 . I
soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 18 , if there had been any
talking, it would have 19 us to learn less.③ Now, I appreciate the silence and
the 20 way of communication it opens.
12.A.exercise B.explore C.express D.explain
13.A.print B.write C.sign D.count
14.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious
15.A.chair B.sponsor C.attend D.organize
16.A.missed B.passed C.gave up D.registered for
17.A.prohibited B.welcomed C.ignored D.repeated
18.A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.However
19.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected
20.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new
【注释】①Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL.我不知
道我会发现我对美式手语的热爱。此句为倒装句,little为否定词,当否定词位于句
首时,句子要使用部分倒装。②What I saw was completely unlike anything I
had experienced in the past.我所看到的和我过去曾经体验的完全不同。此句
中what 引导的是主语从句。此外,I had experienced in the past为定语从句,
修饰先行词anything。③Instead, if there had been any talking, it would
have caused us to learn less.相反,如果有任何交谈,那会导致我们学到较少的
东西。本句为复合句。句子使用了虚拟语气,表示对过去的虚拟。条件状语从句使
用there be结构的过去完成时形式there had been;主句使用“would have
done”结构。
1. 没有严格遵循答题步骤:很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案，不
认真分析通篇文章，单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配
和语法结构。表面上解题速度挺快，但是这种见树木不见森林的做法只会影
响解题的正确率。切记：一定要用2-3分钟时间先进行缺词 阅读,弄清文章
大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空。2. 不注意积累答题技巧:a.忽略文章首
句的提示作用；b.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;c.遇到长句不注意分析
句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.
完形填空失分原因及解决办法
3. 时间安排不当,在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出
的题来不及做。切记:正确的做法是由易到难，先做会做的，再考虑较难的。
强烈推荐：如尚有几题题目不确定可将某题的可能的两项填入空格, 然后快
速地整句整段地默读, 选择某一项习惯或短语或动宾搭配读起来较流畅的。
4. 没有严格遵循答题步骤:很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案，不
认真分析通篇文章，单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配
和语法结构。表面上解题速度挺快，但是这种见树木不见森林的做法只会影
响解题的正确率。
切记：一定要用2-3分钟时间先进行缺词 阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后
再着手逐个填空。
5. 不注意积累答题技巧:a.忽略文章首句的提示作用；b.忽略文章中上下文
之间的照应关系;c.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心
理随意作出选择.6. 时间安排不当,在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致
许多本可以做出的题来不及做。切记:正确的做法是由易到难，先做会做的，
再考虑较难的。强烈推荐：如尚有几题题目不确定可将某题的可能的两项填
入空格, 然后快速地整句整段地默读, 选择某一项习惯或短语或动宾搭配读起
来较流畅的。7. 正确的完形填空的解题步骤：细读首句,跳过空格，通读全文，
把握大意,结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案, 瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破,
再读全文，反复检查。
总之：把握整体，具体分析。
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are
species(物种)that are 36 every day. The white-naped crane is a typical
example. So scientists are trying their best to 37 the species from going
out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their 38 .
Emma, a female crane, has been in their 39 since she arrived in 2004.
36. A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing37. A. ban B. save
C. split D. remove38. A. abortion B. recreation C. reproduction D.
administration
39. A. care B. eye C. mind D. story
2019江苏高考
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are
species(物种)that are 36 every day. The white-naped crane is a typical
example. So scientists are trying their best to 37 the species from going
out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their 38 .
Emma, a female crane, has been in their 39 since she arrived in 2004.
36. A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing37. A. ban B. save
C. split D. remove38. A. abortion 流产 B. recreation C. reproduction D.
administration
39. A. care B. eye C. mind D. story
2019江苏高考
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 40 by human caretakers.
This led to an unexpected 41 , though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 42
taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 43 to live with
male cranes, and even had a 44 for killing some of them, which made it 45 for her to
become a mother.46 , the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction(灭绝)of
this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a
47 of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction. This 48 Emma to give
birth to five baby cranes.
40. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized41. A. bonus B. consequence C. victory D.
sacrifice42. A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully43. A. liked B. refused C.
decided D. hesitated44. A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation45. A. illegal B.
inspiring C. important D. impossible46. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D.
Instead47. A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system48. A. forced B. forbade
C. taught D. enabled
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 40 by human caretakers.
This led to an unexpected 41 , though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 42
taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 43 to live with
male cranes, and even had a 44 for killing some of them, which made it 45 for her to
become a mother. 46 , the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction(灭绝)of
this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a
47 of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction. This 48 Emma to give
birth to five baby cranes.
40. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized41. A. bonus 红利 B. consequence C.
victory D. sacrifice42. A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully43. A. liked B.
refused C. decided D. hesitated44. A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation45. A.
illegal B. inspiring C. important D. impossible
46. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead47. A. combination B.
collection C. strategy D. system48. A. forced B. forbade C. taught D. enabled
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be
49 , more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild
is on the 50 , and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 51 , not
everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly,
equal rights to survive.
How can we 52 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals?
Chris and Tim offered us the 53 : human beings took it for granted that their 54
held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better 55 .
49. A. defeated B. grateful C. assured D. tolerant50. A. it B. rise C. agenda D.
decline51. A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary52. A. leave
B. bridge C. open D. identify53. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward54. A.
brains B. behaviors C. services D. projects55. A. guide B. treat C. example D.
companion
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be
49 , more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild
is on the 50 , and many other species appear headed toward extinction 消失. 51 ,
not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most
importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we 52 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals?
Chris and Tim offered us the 53 : human beings took it for granted that their 54
held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better 55 .
49. A. defeated B. grateful C. assured 保证 D. tolerant 宽容
50. A. it B. rise C. agenda 议程 D. decline 衰退
51. A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary52. A. leave B.
bridge C. open D. identify53. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward54. A. brains
B. behaviors C. services D. projects55. A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion
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