名词性从句详解
Noun Clause
起名词性作用的从句，叫名词性从句。
换言之，在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的
主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分，换由一个句子来充
当，这样的句子就是名词性从句。
？ 定语从句的定义：
起定语作用，用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
一：名词性从句定义
4、（同位语从句） ( appositive
clause )
二：
分类
1、主语从句 ( subject clause )
2、表语从句 ( predicative clause )
3、宾语从句 ( object clause )
1、English is very useful for us .
2、The subject I am interested in is English.
3、We need to master English well.
4、He want to learn the language , English .
？： (主语) (宾语) (表语)
(同位语)
连接副词（4个）：when、 why、
where、 how
三：
引导词
从属连词（3个）：that 、if、 whether
连接代词 （9个）：who、 whom 、
what、 which、 whose、 whoever
whomever、 whatever、 whichever、
名词性从句引导词的用法（1）：
从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能，分别如下:
从属连词
“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用
“if”--- “是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作
用
1、That we will realize our dreams in the future is
certain .
2、The fact is that Beijing will hold 29th Olympic
Games this year.
3、I know that well begun is half done .
“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
1、Whether she will come back on time depends on
weather .
2、The problem is whether you could give us some
valuable advice .
3、I asked him whether he could do me a favor .
“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
（主语从句）
（表语从句）（宾语从句）
If 只能引导两种名词性从句：宾语从句、不放于句首
的主语从句。Whether四种从句均可以引导。
If与whether的区别：
1、Whether she will come back on time depends on
weather .
2、I asked him whether he could do me a favor .
？：
1、It depends on weather if she will come back on
time .
2、I asked him if he could do me a favor .
1、whether能引导放于句首的主语从句，if不能。
2、whether能引导表语从句（和同位语从句），if不
能
3、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，不用if 。
4、whether or not 连在一起可以，但if不可以。
只能用whether 不用if
1、I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2.______ we will hold a party in the open air
tomorrow depends on the weather.
3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.
5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
if/whether
Whether
whether
whether/if
whether
请用if / whether填空：
连接代词
名词性从句引导词的用法（2）：
“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用
“whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用
“what”---“事情”、作主表宾、起连接作用
“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用
“which”---“哪----”、作定语、起连接作用
“who”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用
1、Who will go to the college is still uncertain .
2、The trouble is who could lend me some money .
3、He want to know who picked up his mobile phone .
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
1、Whom you will learn from is worth thinking over .
2、The thing I am anxious about is whom he will turn
to for help .
3、His mother asked him whom he could believe in .
“whom”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作
用
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
1、What I desire to get is a good reputation .
2、What he will tell me is what I have been expecting
to know .
3、They agree with what I said just now .
“what”---“事情”、作主表宾语、起连接作用
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
1、Which class is suitable for us isn’t most
important .
2、What he wants to ask you now is which team
won the game .
3、Could you tell me which one is right .
“which”---“哪---”、作定语、起连接作用
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
1、Whose bag was the most beautiful is still
unknown now .
2、The question is whose friends could lend me a
hand .
3、I want to know whose suggestion is more
practical .
“whose”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作
用
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
名词性从句引导词的用法（3）：
连接代词 “whomever”-- “-----的任何人”、作宾语、
“whoever”-- “-----的任何人”、作主语、
“whatever”-- “----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、
“whichever”--- “无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、
“whoever”-- “---的任何人”、作主语、起连接作用
1、Whoever could solve the problem will be
rewarded .
2、The person I will praise is whoever could work
out the question .
3、You should appreciate whoever helped you in
the past .
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
“whomever”--- “---的任何人”、作宾语、起连接作用
1、Whomever you will meet in the meeting is
excellent .
2、The person I could depend on is whomever you
believe in .
3、You should learn from whomever I praised
yesterday .
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
1、Whatever you did in the past was very meaningful .
2、What we should do is whatever is worth doing .
3、We should do whatever is worth doing .
“whatever”-- “--的任何东西”、作主表宾语、
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
“whichever”-- “--的哪些或哪个”、作主、表、宾语、
1、Whichever team win the game is possible .
2、The fact is whichever teacher could help you
learn English well .
3、You could choose whichever book you want .
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
名词性从句引导词的用法（4）：
连接副词
“why”---- “为什么”、作状语、起连接作用
“how”----- “如何”、作状语、起连接作用
“where”-- “什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用
“when”-- “什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用
“when”-- “什么时候”、作状语、起连接作
用
1、When the meeting will begin isn’t decided now .
2、The trouble is when he could recover from the
disease .
3、He asked us when we would graduate from the
school .
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
“where”-- “什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用
1、Where I could buy the book is uncertain now .
2、His question was where we would hold the
opening ceremony .
3、I couldn’t tell you where they have been living .
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
1、Why he killed himself is still a secret now .
2、What surprised me was why they failed again .
3、I just want to ask you why I was fired .
“why”-- “为什么”、作状语、起连接作用
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
1、How the thief stole the bike is still a mystery .
2、What the professor asked us was how we could
make our parents happy .
3、I will go to ask my teacher how I could work out
the problem .
“how”---- “如何”、作状语、起连接作用
（主语从句）
（表语从句）
（宾语从句）
用that / what填空：
1.______ he wants is a book.
2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious.
3.The result is ______ we won the game.
4.This is _____ we want to know.
5.Is _____ he told us true ?
What
That
that
what
what
1.___ he made an important speech at the
meeting was true.
A. That B. Why C. What D. How
2. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on
the weather .
A. If B. Whether C .That D. Where
exercises：
3. It’s known to us all ___ a form of energy .
A. water is B. that water is
C. is water D. that water to
4. It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning
gray.
A. whether B. That C. what D. when
5.What I say and think ___ none of your
business.
A. is B. are C. has D have
6. ____made the school proud was ____more than
90%of the students had been admitted to key
universities .
A. What / because B . What / that
C .That / what D. That / because
7.___she couldn’t understand was ___ fewer and
fewer students showed interest in her lessons .
A .What / why B .That / what
C .What / because D. Why / that
8. He is absent from school . It is __ he was
punished!
A. why B. because C. that D. the reason
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