高中英语 现在完成时课件(共68张PPT)

Grammar Travelling is fun for me. I have been to I have visited Tian’anmen Square I have stayed in Beijing for 2 weeks. • I￿have￿been￿to￿the￿Great￿wall￿and￿the￿Forbidden￿City. • I￿have￿visited￿the￿Summer￿Palace￿and￿the￿Temple￿of￿ Heaven. • I￿have￿stayed￿in￿Beijing￿for￿2￿weeks. Read and learn I’ve   to use chopsticks. It’s   a fantastic experience so far. I’ve   a bit of t’ai chi. We’ve already  a lot about Chinese culture and  history. The teachers have  us to Chinese painting as  well. We’ve also  to paint some pictures ourselves.  I haven’t  much success yet. I’ve   many new friends. learn- learnt/learned- learnt/ learned be- was/were- been  introduce - introduced  try- tried  have / has - had- had  make - made- made 1. I ___ _____ to use chopsticks, and they’re teaching me a little Chinese. 2. It __ _____ a fantastic experience so far. 3. We___ _______ ______ a lot about Chinese culture and history. 4. The teachers ____ _________ us to Chinese painting as well. 5. We___ ____ _____ to paint some pictures ourselves. 6. I _______ ____ much success yet, but I’ll keep trying. 7. I ___ _____ many new friends. ’ve learnt ’s been ’ve already learnt have introduced ’ve also tried haven’t had ’ve made go Ready? To Compare She did homework yesterday. (she doesn’t need to do her homework  now.) She has already done her homework. do/ does - did- done She had her breakfast just now.她刚才吃了早饭。 (She is not hungry now.她现在不饿。) She has just had her breakfast.她刚吃过早饭。 To Compare  have/ has - had- had To Compare The elephant helped me a lot a moment ago.   ( I can drive my car now.)  The elephant has just helped me a lot.          help-  helped I didn’t sing an English song in the singing competition last week. （I still remember the thing now.） I haven’t sung an English song in the singing competition yet. To Compare  sing- sang- sung We began to study here last year.   (We still study here now.)  We have studied here for more than one year.          study- studied He began to be interested in playing computer games when he  was born.  (He is still interested in it now.)  He has been interested in playing computer  games since he was born. be- was/were- been 1.She has already done her homework. 2.She has just had her breakfast. 3.The elephant has just helped me a lot. 4. I haven’t sung an English song in the singing  competition yet. 定义一：过去完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 5. We have studied here for more than one year. 6. He has been interested in playing computer games  since he was born. 定义二：过去开始的动作一直持续到现在或有可能继续 下去。 现在完成时态的结构：现在完成时态的结构： already(已经) 肯中 yet(已经) 问否尾 just(刚刚)肯中 ever(曾经)问中 never（从不） 常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用. for+ 时间段 since+过去时间 since+过去句子 肯定  have / has +done  否定 have / has not + done PastNowFuture 完成影响 already(已经) 肯中 yet(还) 问否尾 just(刚刚)肯中 ever(曾经)问中 never（从不） 开始持续至今持续到将来 for+ 时间段 since+过去时间 since+过去句子 定义一：过去完成的动作 对现在造成的影响或结果。 定义二：过去开始的动作一直 持续到现在或有可能继续下去。 have met have played has cooked have studied have seen haven’t visited haven’t done 用法小窍门：描述过去的动作，若句中有yesterday , last week, three days ago, in 1996等过去时间就一定一定用一般过去时。若 没 有常用常用现在完成时。所以When问句不能用现在完成时。 A：Have you finished your homework yet? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you finish it? B: Yesterday evening. Further Understanding 代言词 Let’s read them! ￿￿I have￿seen Avatar.￿￿ She She has has alreadyalready written written 3 books 3 books .. I I haven’t seenhaven’t seen the movie the movie yetyet . . Have you ever seen a sign like this ? ￿￿￿￿￿I have never￿seen a kangaroo.      How long have you studied in Huangguang Middle     School Guangzhou Branch? 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 现在完成时的代言词： 1.￿already（已经）/just（刚刚）：用于肯定句中 2.￿yet（还）: 用于否定句和疑问句句尾 3. ever（曾经）：用于疑问和否定句中。 4. never（从不）: 表示否定 • 二、用never, ever, already, just, yet, for填空： 1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no  idea about him. 2. Jack has _________ finished his homework. 3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________  ten years. 4. “Have you ________ seen the film?”      “No, I have ________ seen it.” 5. “Has the bus left _______?”    “Yes, it has _________ left.” never already/just for ever never yet just/alreay already(已经) 肯中 yet(已经) 问否尾 just(刚刚)肯中 ever(曾经)问中 never（从不） for  / since 的区别 1.for+时间段  …for many years, for a long time 2.since+时间点  …since 1998, since last year 3.since+时间段+ago  …since three years ago 4.since+句子(一般过去时）  …since I moved here. ￿￿￿￿￿My family have lived here for many years.  I haven’t lived in my hometown since 2008. She has learnt English since five years ago. He has had the house since he moved here. for+ 时间段 since+过去时间 since+过去句子 1)We have lived here ______ 2001. 2) I have been a teacher ___ ten months. 3) They have known each other ____ more than five years. 4) I have been at this school ______ six years ago. 5) She has sent some information to Tom _______ Tom went to school. 6) I will stay in the hotel ____ a week. since for for since since for Fill in the sentences with for or since. for+ 时间 ，since+过去时间，since+过去句子 Sentence Pattern  句式 I have eaten  lunch. She has eaten  lunch. He has eaten  breakfast. 肯定句: 主语+have/ has done +宾语+其他。 They have eaten   supper . 我已经吃了午饭。( eat-ate- eaten)她已经吃了午饭。( eat-ate- eaten) 他已经吃了早饭。( eat-ate- eaten)他们已经吃了晚饭。( eat-ate-eaten) I have not (=haven’t) seen the film.   She has not (=hasn’t) seen the film. I haven’t eaten supper.                    He hasn’t changed his idea.         My mother hasn’t come back home. 否定句: 主语+have not (haven’t) +done+宾语+其他。 三单主语+has not (hasn’t) +done+宾语+其他。 我没有看过这部电影。( see-saw-seen) 她没有看过这部电影。( see-saw-seen) 我还没有吃晚饭。( eat-ate-eaten) 他还没有改变他的主意。( change-changed) 我妈妈还没有回来。(come-came - come) 1. I’ve already had dinner. I ________ ________ dinner ________. 2. He has just finished his homework. He ________ ________ his homework _________. 3. Mum’s cooked the dinner. Mum _______ ________ the dinner. 4. Susan’s learned English at school. Susan ________ ________ English at school. haven’t had yet hasn’t finished yet hasn’t cooked hasn’t learned 把下列句子改为否定句 Have you had breakfast? No, I haven’t. Have you known Sandy for a long time? Yes, I have. Has she eaten anything since 9:00 a.m? No, she hasn’t.         一般疑问句： Have/has +主语+过去分词 +宾语+其他？ 回答：   Yes,主语+have / has.   No, 主语+haven’t / hasn’t. 你吃早饭了吗？不，没有。(have-had-had) 你认识Sandy很长时间了吗？ 是的。( know- knew- known) 自早上九点钟以来她吃过东西了吗？ 不，她没有。(eat-ate- eaten ) 1. I’ve alreadalready had dinner. 2. He has justjust finished his homework. 3. Mum’s cooked the dinner. 4. Susan’s learned English at school. Have you had dinner yet ? Has he finished his homework yet? Has mum cooked the dinner? Has Susan learned English at school? 把下列句子改为一般疑问句 I’ve = I have Mum’s = Mum has Susan’s = Susan has • 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 • 1.I                        (teach)Enghish  in  this  school  since  1997. • 2.Lilei                     (keep) the library book  for  five days.     3.Kate                   (see) her  grandmother's  photo  before. 4. So  far ,we                    (build)  thousands  of  Buildings  in   Fuzhou. • 5. I                      ( be) to Beijing already.        have built  have been  has kept  have taught  has seen So far we have planted many trees. He has just come back. They have already built many buildings in this city. Someone has just broken the window. I have already lost the key. I haven’t read that book yet . 现在完成时的用法:翻译大比拼1 1. 到目前为止我们已经植了很多树。（planted) 2. 他刚刚回来。(come-came-come) 3. 他们已经在这个城市建了很多楼。(build-built-built) 4. 有人刚刚打破了窗户。(break-broke-broken) 5. 我已经丢了钥匙。( lose-lost-lost） 6. 我还没有读那本书。(read-read-read) She has learned English for 5 years. We haven't seen each other for a long time.   She  has been here since 1989.       I have been here since five months ago.      Great changes have taken place since you left.      He has lived in Beijing since he was born . 现在完成时的用法:翻译大比拼2 1. 他学英语已经学了5年了。(learn-learnt-learnt) 2. 我们很长时间没相互见面了。(see-saw-seen) 3. 自从1989年以来她就在这。(be-was/were -been) 4. 自从5个月前我就在这。(be-was/were -been) 5. 自从你离开以来就发生了很大的变化。(take-took-taken) 6. 自从他出生以来他就生活在北京。(live-lived) 过去分词的构成 learn  -  learnt/learned- learnt/ learned   be -   was/were- been  introduce - introduced  have / has - had- had    make - made- made   eat-   ate  - eaten  see-  saw- seen come- came - come   build -  built -  built break-broke-broken     lose -  lost -  lost   read – read - read take -  took-taken live     -   lived  plant -  planted know - knew- known  sing- sang- sung  study - studied help  -  helped  do/ does - did- done plan  ---- planned Ready? 规则动词过去式、过去分词变化规则： work—worked,worked 1）一般在动词词尾加ed。  change ---- changed, changed 2）如果动词以字母e结尾，直接在词尾加d。    plan---- planned, planned 3）如果动词是一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节  单词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。 carry----carried, carried   4）如果动词是以辅音字母加y结尾，要变y为i 再 加ed。 不规则动词： 一、 原形、过去式和过去分词相同的动词 （A、A、A型）   cost— cost   —cost       cut  — cut     —cut      hit   — hit      —hit    hurt— hurt    —hurt         let   — let       —let        put  — put      —put   read— read    —read 2.（A、B、B型） bring--brought --brought   buy — bought—bought  meet —met—met    build  - built – built  catch - caught-caught  feel    – felt – felt  find     – found – found  keep   – kept – kept  leave – left – left make – made - made 3.（A、B、A型） become—became－become       come—came—come  run—ran—run 4.（A、A、B型） beat—beat—beaten    5）（A、B、C型） begin—began—begun   blow—blew—blown   break—broke—broken do/ does –did – done drink – drank –drunk eat – ate- eaten fall - fell – fallen give - gave –given go – went – gone know – knew – known write- wrote - wirrten 学案Write down past tense and past participle of the  following verbs. （写出下例动词的过去时和过去分词） •  work •  rain •   love • change •  stop •  plan •  drop •  study •  carry •  read •  teach •  see •  feel •  build • leave •   think •  write •  do   worked  worked   rained  rained    loved  loved •  changed changed  stopped stopped  planned planned  dropped dropped  studied studied  carried carried  read read  taught taught  saw seen  felt felt  built built  thought thought  wrote written  did done  left left have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to 意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾 经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to  意思是“去了”，表示已经去了 某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in   意思是“呆在某处一段时间了” 上一页 下一页主菜单 比较have been to/in和have gone to He has gone to Shanghai. 他(已经)去上海了。 He has been to Shanghai. 他(曾经) 去过上海。 （他可能在去上海的路上，或是已到上海，反正 人现在不在说话现场．） （他现在已经不在上海了．） He has been in Shanghai for many years. 他在上海很多年了。 （他现在在上海或许将来还在．） have / has been (to) ＆ have / has gone (to) -------------------------------------------- ----------------------1. --- Where is your father?     --- He isn’t here now. He ____ ____ to work. 2. ---  Have you travelled abroad?     --- Yes, I   ____   ____   to America twice.              has gone have  been 用Have been to, have gone to,  have been in 填空 1. Mike and his parents __________ the north for half a year. 2. Mum is not at home now. she _________ the shop. 3. ______ you ever _____ to kunming ? Never. 4. Where _____ you ______ these days? 5. Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he _______ here for several days. 6. Where is Peter? I don’t know where he ________. 7. Hi Jim! Where _____ you _____ ? Li Lei is looking for you. have been in has gone to have been Have been has been has gone have been 下一页上一页 主菜单 Further study 当句子包含的时间状语含有since和for时，动 作必须用延续性动词。 I have bought the book for a week. I have had the book for a week. buy是短暂性动词 have是延续性动词 非延续性动词又叫终止性动词或瞬间动词-                               ---不能和一段时间连用 延续性动词----可以和一段时间连 用 They have come here for two days. They have been here for two days. × √ be是延续性动词 come是短暂性动词× √ 5.短暂动词和 延续动词转换 瞬间性动词 延续性动词 buy borrow come go/leave open/close begin/start end/finish die catch a cold become interested in get married havehave keepkeep be herebe here be away (from)be away (from) be open/ be closedbe open/ be closed be onbe on be overbe over be deadbe dead have a coldhave a cold be interested inbe interested in be marriedbe married 瞬间性动词 延续性动词 put on get up wake up fall asleep join arrive/reach wear be upbe up bebe a awakewake be asleepbe asleep be in=be a member ofbe in=be a member of be in/atbe in/at Choose the best answer 1  — What a nice watch ！How long  __    you __   it？     — Just three weeks     A  will，buy          B  did，buy           C  have ，had 2 —       you ___in Greener China for a long  time？   —Yes，I  joined it five years ago     A Have，been       B Has ，joined      C Have  ，joined 3 Teacher Li          Japan，he___ Japan for two years.       A     has been to，has been to          B  has gone to ，has been in      C     has  gone to ，has been to  4 The students are sorry to hear that the famous singer        for    half an hour      A  has left              B   has  been  away        C  has  gone away 5 I               this book for  two  days ，I have to return it now      A borrowed           B  have borrowed           C   have    kept  （C） （A） （B） （B） （C） 6----When         you            your  old    friend?   ----The day before yesterday. A will,visit          B  did ,visit       C  have ,visited 7 Mrs White ___ in this school since she came here.   A teaches           B  taught        C has taught 8 No children____  football in  the street since a car    hit a boy last Sunday. A have played          B played              C playing 9 ----I’m  sorry to keep you waiting.    ----Oh,not at all,I ___ here only for a few minutes. A  was         B have been    C will be 10 His grandfather           since 1936. A died        B has died         C has been dead （B） （C） （A） （B） （C） 现在完成时 vs. 一般过去时 I have studied History for two years.  I had a History lesson yesterday. I have learnt a lot about Greek history.  I read the story of the Trojan War last week. We use (the present perfect tense/ the simple past tense) to talk  about a past experience which has a connection to the present. We use (the present perfect tense/ the simple past tense) to talk  about a completed action in the past. I have lost my watch. I lost my watch. - - - - - - - - - - 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影 响或结果,强调与现在的关系,不能够与in1998 ,three days ago 和just now 等明确的过去的时间状语连用. 一般过去时只是表示动作是发生在过去,和现在并没 有什么直接与必然的联系, 因此一般过去是可以和表示明 确的过去的时间状语连用. 现在完成时 vs. 一般过去时 Read and completeB1 Read the following conversation between the captain and a soldier from the story “The Trojan horse”. Complete it with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. have gone left came have tried have won have left didn’t take B2 Complete the diary below with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. bought went opened never been have visited have seen bought have read 拓展句型 for + 时段 =since + 时间点 It has been + 时间段 + since + 过去时态的句子。 时间段+ has passed+ since + 过去时态的句子。 Eg. She has learned English for 5 years. = She has learned English since 5 years ago. = It has been 5 years since she began to learn English. =Five years has passed since she began to learn English. 小试牛刀 写出下列句子的同义句，句数不限：     1.We haven't seen each other for a long time.  2.  She  has been here since 1989.     3.  I have been here since five months ago.     4. Great changes have taken place since you left.     5.  He has lived in Beijing since he was born . 学案练习 Grammar学案 •现在完成时的用法： 观察一：Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back. They have built many buildings in this city. •表示到现在为止 __________或 __________的动作。 观察二： Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) •表示过去发生的动作,强调_________ _或________。 常与_______(已经肯定),_______(已经否定), ________(刚刚), _______(曾经)等词连用. 观察三：She has learned English for 5 years.                 He has lived in Beijing since he was born.                Has he lived in Shenzhen since 4 years ago?  表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还会继续下去的动作或状态， 常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 常与__________, _______          ___引导的时间短语或从句连用. yet 结束 对现在的结果 影响 already for + 时段 just ever 完成 since+过去句子或时间 二，基本结构：主语+ _______ ___ + ______ ____ (done)   ①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他   ②否定句：主语+ _______ ___+ __________+ ______ ____+其他   ③一般疑问句：__________+主语+ ______ ____+其他？ ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他） 练习一：根据要求填空 He has finished his homework. He ______ ______ his homework yet (变成否定句） ________ ____he_________ ___his homework yet？(变成一疑问句） _______ _____ ( 肯定回答） _________ ___(否定回答） ___________________________________________(就划线部分提问) 练习二：用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. I ________          ____(teach) English in this school since 1997. 2. Lilei_______           _____(keep) the library book for five days. 3. Kate_______              _____ (see) her grandmother's photo before. 4. So far , we_______          _____(build) thousands of Buildings in Fuzhou. 5. I_______                _____( be) to Beijing already.  have / has 过去分词 have / has have / has 过去分词 过去分词 has not finished not Has finished Yes, he has . No, he hasn’t . what has he finished? have taught has kept has seen have built have been already       已经  yet           还， 仍然  just           刚刚  ever           曾经  never        从不  before         以前 since       自…以来  for          …….  recently           近来  so far           到目前为止 课测 一．用括号里的单词正确形式填空。 1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week. 2. _____ he ___ _ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office. 5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999. 6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long ______ the Wangs the Wangs ________(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework. 9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day. 10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you. 12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?  have               seen   saw  Has       finished  has           come  has  gone  have worked  moved  have made  have                          stayed  have                     finished   goes  Have        found  is  were reading  is climbing  will come  Have                   seen ( )1. — Have you ____ travelled by train? — Yes, I have. A. never B. ever C. just D. yet ( )2. — Have you finished your homework？     — Not ____. A. yet B. already C. ever D. just ( )3. We haven’t studied Unit 6 ____. A. never B. ever C. already D. yet ( )4. — Have you ____ learnt English?    — Yes, I’ve ___ learnt a lot. A. never; ever B. ever; never     C. ever; already D. never; already 5. — Have you handed in your homework __? — Yes, I’ve done that __. A. yet; already B. already; yet C. ever; never D. still; just ( )6. John’s father ____ borrowed some pictures. A. have already B. has just     C. have ever D. has yet ( )7. He ____ returned the book to the library yet. A. has B. hasn’t C. does D. doesn’t ( ) 8.—Our country ____ a lot so far .   —Yes . I hope it will be even _____ . Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better 课外巩固练习 1.￿I’m￿sorry￿you’ve￿missed￿the￿train.￿It￿______￿ten￿minutes￿ ago. ￿A.￿has￿left￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿B.￿left￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿C.￿had￿left￿￿￿ ￿￿D.￿has￿been￿left 2.￿A:￿_____￿you￿ever￿______￿to￿Singapore?￿￿￿ ￿￿￿￿B:￿Yes,￿I￿went￿there￿last￿year. ￿A.￿Have;￿been￿￿￿B.￿Have;￿gone￿￿￿C.￿Did;￿go￿￿￿￿￿D.￿Are;￿going 3.￿A:￿I￿have￿completed￿my￿school￿work.￿￿￿￿￿￿ ￿￿￿￿B:￿When￿___￿you￿____￿it? A.have;￿finished￿￿￿ B.￿do;￿finish￿￿￿￿ B.C.￿did;￿finish￿￿￿￿￿D.￿will;￿finish B A ExercisesExercises C when问句不用现在完成时 句中有过去的时间状语就一定是一般过去时 4￿.￿A:￿John￿has￿already￿gone￿to￿England.￿￿￿￿￿ ￿￿￿￿B:￿When￿____￿he￿_____￿there? ￿￿￿A.￿will;￿go￿￿￿ B.￿is;￿going￿￿￿ ￿￿￿C.￿did;￿go￿￿￿ D.￿has;￿gone 5.￿A:￿Have￿you￿read￿this￿book?￿￿￿ ￿￿￿B:￿Yes,￿I￿￿_____￿it￿two￿weeks￿ago. ￿￿￿A.￿am￿reading￿￿￿ B.￿have￿read￿￿￿ ￿￿￿C.￿will￿read￿￿￿ D.￿read C D 中 考 链 接 1.I’m not hungry because I ____ lunch already. (10年广州) A. have B. had C. am having D. have had 中 考 链 接 2. -___ you ___ the film Harry Potter 5 ? -Not yet. I‘ll see it this Sunday.(09年广州) A. Did, see B. Are, seeing C. Have, seen D. Do, see 2.Sam ____ Chinese since he came to China. He speaks Chinese well now.（09年上海） A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn 中 考 链 接 ____ many students in China      ever ____ to westerners before?      (10年江西)     A. Are, speaking       B. Do, speak     C. Did, speak          D. Have, spoken 中 考 链 接 • 我女儿刚出去。 •  My daughter has just gone out.  • 我肯定我们已经见过面。 • I’m sure we’ve already met.  • 牛奶的奶挤了吗？ • Have you milked the cow yet? • 我还没有吃早餐。 • I haven’t had breakfast yet. • 我从没听说过。 • I have never heard that before. 1)￿她刚吃过午饭。（指现在还不太饿） 2)￿她刚吃了午饭。 3)￿她这些日子都在练习游泳。 4)￿她上周练习了游泳。 She￿has￿just￿had￿her￿lunch.￿ She￿had￿her￿lunch￿just￿now. She￿has￿practised￿swimming￿these￿days.￿ She￿practised￿swimming￿last￿week. 1.They￿_________________________________￿(完成)the￿project. 2.￿The￿meeting￿_________________________.(还没有开始)￿ 3.￿He￿____________________￿(刚回来)￿back￿from￿America. have already finished hasn’t begun yet has just come Exercises