聚焦高考英语阅读语篇之
长难句 Heart -warming citations(引用) of ancient Chinese poems
posted on the delivery boxes have reminded us of the shared
cultural bonds between the two nations, what
makes us different and bringing us, with an often checkered
(多波折的) history, closer together in this time of need.
(日本)援华物资包装箱上引用的暖心中国古诗词
让人们想起两国家紧密的文化纽带,淡化了我们的
分歧,让两个有着复杂历史渊源的民族在艰难时刻
走得更近。2019年全国卷D篇长难句一览D篇长难句一览 在英语阅读文本中,我们经常会遇到一些长而难
的句子。长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并
列成分或从句。长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会
导致理解的困难。理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的
类型,理清句子成分,抓住句子中的关键部分。She studies hard.
She studies hard outside a room.
She studies hard outside a room which is the office
of the village committee .
Accompanied by her father, she studies hard outside a
room which is the office of the village committee .
Accompanied by her father, she studies hard
outside a room which is the office of the village
committee and many people show respect for them.
Section One: How is a long and difficult sentecnce formed?
(prepositional phrase)
( clause)
(non-finite verb)
(parallel structures)prepositional phrases(介短)
clauses(从句)
non-finite verbs(非谓语)
adj. / adv.
parenthesis(插入语)
......
长难句
1. trunk(主干部分): S.+V.+(O.)…
2. branches
枝干部分
3. parallel structures (并列结构)
(A and/or B; A, B, and/or C)
小结Section Two:
Three steps to analyze a long and difficult sentence.
一划 (二括) “三会意 ”
(以近年高考真题长句为例)一划: 划主干(trunk), 给主谓宾.(S.V.O.)划___。
2. Bed that are too small, shower heads(淋浴喷头) that are
too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any leg-room(腿部
空间)all make life difficult for those of above average height.
1. Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world that
is far busier, nosier and more intimate(亲密的) than the one we
can see and hear.(2017年全国二卷)Let's practise more for the TRUNK(主干)。
3. He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and
lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting
all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while
trying to settle down in a new one.
(2014全国新课标Ⅱ阅读理解A)
4. The friendship that grew out of the experience of making
that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact
that although there was an age difference, we both came from a
tradition of theater and live TV.
(2017全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B)二括: 给(branches)加( )。
1. Two of the authors of the review made a study published in
2014 which showed a five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced
the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. (2018全国
一卷语法填空)
2. For many older people who lived in the country, driving
was very important for preserving their independence, giving
them the freedom to get out without having to rely on others.
(2017全国二卷D篇)
(
)
( )
( )
)( )
( )
(
(
)( )Let's practise more for the BRANCHES。
3. If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter,
excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can
get the hint that when the door is closed, you’re not to be
disturbed. (2017全国Ⅱ卷阅读七选五)
(
)
(
)
( )
4. Given that many people's moods are regulated by the
chemical action of chocolate,
it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made
the chocolate shop similar to a drug store of Chinese medicine.
(
)
(
) 1.In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number
of organizations, including UNESCO and National Geographic ,
have for many years been recording dying languages and the culture
which they reflect. (2014年全国一卷阅读D篇)
Many scholars are making efforts to ______
• promote global languages.
• rescue the disappearing languages.
• search for languages communities.
• set up languages research organizations.
三会意:抓主干,去枝干,逻辑关系要注意。
)(
)
(
(
( )
)(
) 2.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear
evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for
their kids when it comes to reading.
(2018年全国卷Ⅱ C)
How should parents encourage their children to read more?
A.Act as role models for them.
B.Ask them to write book reports.
C. Set up reading groups for them.
D. Talk with their reading class teacher.
(
)( ) (
( ))
三会意:抓主干,去枝干,逻辑关系要注意。3. Given that many people's moods are regulated by the
chemical action of chocolate,
it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made
the chocolate shop similar to a drug store of Chinese medicine.
)
(
(
)
鉴于很多人的情绪是由巧克力的化学作用来调节的,那么把巧克力
店做得像中医药店一样,可能只是时间的问题了。
三会意:抓主干,去枝干,逻辑关系要注意。 4. The friendship that grew out of the experience of making
that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact
that although there was an age difference, we both came from a
tradition of theater and live TV.
(2017全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B)
三会意:抓主干,去枝干,逻辑关系要注意。
(
)
(
)
( )
我们在制作这部电影和四年后的The Sting的经历中所产生的友谊
根植于这样一个事实:所有年龄有所不同,但我们都出身于传统的
戏剧和电视直播。高考长难句分析口诀
长难句,看仔细。
一划二括三会意。
主谓宾,先注意。(一划)
(介短非谓和从句)。(二括)
抓主干,去枝干。(三会意)
逻辑关系要注意。Practice (一划,二括,三会意)
1. Back in 1983, as two scientists reported, young maple trees
getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring
plants can get.(2017年全国二卷)
What does a plant do when it is under attack?
A. It makes noise.
B. It gets help from other plants.
C. It stands quietly.
D. It sends out certain chemicals. Practice(一划,二括,三会意)
2.Any fishy or the strong smell means the fish isn't fresh._______
When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the
fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately (2016年全国三
卷7选5阅读)
• When buying fish, you should first smell it.
• The fish will go bad within hours.
• Do not buy it.
• The easiest is to steam it.
• This is how you can do it.
• It requires a little knowledge.
• The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.Practice (一划,二括,三会意)
3. In his first years of high school, he would look pityingly at
music students, __1__ across the campus with their heavy
instrument cases, turning up at school for practice hours before
anyone else had to be there. (2017年江苏卷完形填空)
1. A. traveling B. marching C. pacing D. struggling 1.The opinion that breakfast is the most basic meal of the day
is so widespread that an increasing number of people are surprised
to learn that there is a lack of scientific evidence showing how
breakfast may directly cause changes in our health.
Try again for translation!(一划,二括,三会意)
)
(
)
认为早餐是一天中最基本的一餐的观点是如此普遍,以至于越
来越多的人惊讶地发现,缺乏科学证据表明早餐可能会直接导致我
们的健康变化。
(
( )( ( 2.Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made
the neighbors want you on a play date — sharing, kindness,
openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to
relate and connect with others.
(
)
(
)
破折号的作用:解释说明;
两个破折号中间的内容是qualities的同位语
米奇·普林斯坦还发现,身边的人会邀请你一起玩,是因为
你具有如下品质——爱分享,与人友善,开放率真。而这些品质
会使你在今后更好地与人相处。 3. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat
up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants
to have a little interaction. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解C)
( )(
)
他喜欢安静地坐着看手机,如果他想交流的话,他就会和
一个可以直呼其名的酒保聊聊天。 4. I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s
population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable
resources, our children may have to lead poorer lives.
(
)
(
)
我不能总是生活在对这种可能性的害怕中:随着地球上人口的
不断增长,我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源,我们的孩子可
能不得不过着更加贫穷的生活。A test
5
points
10
points
15
points
20
points 难度☆:(5
points)
Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as
those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to
engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”
(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷 阅读理解D)
Question: What is the subject of it?
those 选择题:(10 points)
难度☆☆:
Car sharing is usually run by a service like Zipcar, though there are
nonprofit and informal car sharing services.
We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. Zipcar can‘t help you if you are running urgent errands (使命)
B. Zipcar, different from other services, is aimed at green driving
with no profit
C. Zipcar is a company supplying car sharing services for a
monthly payment
D. Zipcar is a company providing formal car sharing free 翻译题:(15 points)
难度☆☆☆:
Malaysia Airlines deeply regrets that we have to assume beyond
any reasonable doubt that MH370 has been lost and that none of
those on board survived.
马来西亚航空公司深表遗憾: 我们必须排除合理的怀疑,假设
MH730已经消失,飞机上无人生还。 选择题: (20 points)
难度☆ ☆ ☆ ☆:
In fact,the analysis showed,normal children aged 9 to 17 exhibit
a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for
mental illness 50 years ago.
Question : According to the analysis,compared with normal
children today,children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago ________
.
A.had little communication with friends
B.were probably less self-centered
C.probably suffered less from anxiety
D.were considered less individualisticSelf-exploration:
hand-out
The Guardian I ①Growing up, we are constantly reminded that young
people are the demographic(特定年龄段的人口)most affected
by technology. ②We are the “antisocial social club”, those who
prefer to text our friends in the same room rather than having to
make eye-contact with them. ③We are the “digital natives”,
ruining the English language because we favour using heart-eye
emojis to tell someone we fancy them, instead of spelling it out.
④And even though never-ending studies reveal to us the extent of
our social media addiction, warning us that we are slowly turning
into tech-zombies(科技僵尸), we should at least consider that it’s
not only the problem of us young people.
尽管有无穷无尽的研究向我们揭示了我们对社交媒体的上瘾程度,警
示我们正在逐渐变成“科技僵尸”,但我们至少应该想到,这不再仅
仅是年轻人的问题了。
在成长的过程中,我们被不断提醒着:年轻人是受科技影响最大的群
体。 II ①There’s the rise of the Instagram mums, who like to post an
abundance of cute baby pictures, showcasing their seemingly put-
together lifestyles and sharing their many momfeelings along the way.
②They are the so-called “Facebook mum generation”, a growing
group of parents that like to overshare and, in the process, are slowly
pushing out young people who can’t bear to see another one of mum’s
embarrassing gin-and-tonic-on-a-holiday selfies. ③While many
millennials(千禧一代) are slowly leaving Facebook because our
timeline seems to only clog up with(阻塞,充斥) fake news, dog
videos and repetitive memes(表情包) these days, our parents might see
the platform as a way of keeping up with the social lives of their old
schoolmates.
Instagram上出现了一个“妈妈群体”,她们喜欢上传大量的可爱宝宝
的照片,展示她们看似光鲜亮丽的生活方式,并分享她们一路走来的
众多做母亲的感想。
许多千禧一代正在逐渐退出Facebook,因为近来我们的时间线上
似乎只充斥着虚假新闻、小狗视频和千篇一律的表情包,但我们的父
母可能把这个平台看作跟老同学保持社交往来的一种途径。 III ①And while all of this might be fine, and even a little
humorous, new research suggests that parents’ technology addiction is
negatively affecting their children’s behaviour. ②According to the
study, 40% of mothers and 32% of fathers have admitted to having
some sort of phone addiction. ③This has led to a significant fall in
verbal interactions within families and even a decline in mothers
encouraging their children. ④“Technoference” is the term used here to
describe the increasing trend that sees people switching their attention
away from those around them to checking their phones instead – one
that seems to be infiltrating(渗透) far beyond friendship circles and
now also into family life.
“技术干扰”一词在这里被用来描述这种增长的趋势,即人们将
注意力从周围的人身上转移到手机上——它似乎已经渗透出友谊圈外,
现在也渗透进了家庭生活中。 IV ①There is no denying that I get annoyed when I receive the “I’ll be
with you shortly line” from a parent, when all I want to do is ask one question.
②But, at the same time, leaving the room to wait until my father is finished
with his “serious business” (ie Farmville), has now become the norm.
③Whether you want to escape your pestering children for a bit, or want to
stay up late flicking through Twitter, know that wanting to do all of this is
normal. ④We – your children – know how addictive it can be and how
difficult it is to switch off. ⑤But before telling us to “put our phones away at
the table” or even worse, pulling up statistics of how damaging social media
can be for us, maybe lead by example and consider how much time you spend
on the phone as well as how this is impacting your children and your
relationship with them. ⑥Maybe in this way we can work on our addiction
together.
无论你是想暂时摆脱你那纠缠不休的孩子,还是想熬夜浏览
Twitter,要知道所有这些想法都是正常的。
但与此同时,离开房间等父亲完成他的“重要事务”(比如开心
农场),现在已经成为了一种常态。Persistence produces miracles!
坚持铸就奇迹!