高考阅读理解之七选五(GapFilling)课件

高考阅读理解之七选五 (Gap Filling) A B C D 1 2 3 Teaching aims (教学目标): 了解“七选五”的特点及命题方向 利用“七选五”的特点及解题技巧解题 1. 题型介绍 2. 命题方向 3. 解题步骤 4. 解题技巧 1. structure and main idea 2. details and key words 3. logic 4. check 3.解题步骤 S M I EL Structure（篇章结构） 4.解题技巧 【例1】(2019全国Ⅱ卷)…It starts with looking inside yourself…and how you approach the gardening process. ● 37 Some people may think that a garden … Others are concerned about using gardening methods …However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden… ●Recall (回忆) your childhood memories Our model of what a garden… A. Know why you garden. B. Find a good place for your own garden. √ 01 篇章结构 a.在小标题设空 小标题特点：简短，与文中小标题 结构一致，多为祈使句 1. n. 花园；菜园 2. vi. 从事园艺；在 园中种植 01 篇章结构 b.在段首设空 【例2】 (2019·全国新课标卷N2) 37 .Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time. A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes √ 段首设空特点：通常为段落主题句段落主题句。需根据段落一致段落一致 性性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。 01 篇章结构 c. 在段末设空 【例3】(2019高考浙江卷) How to Have a Successful Teenage Life Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. 31 • Do well in school.... • Do good in your community.... ..... F. Here are some important points that you may find helpful. G. Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you. 段末设空特点：通常是总结句，总结句，概括该段内容。 如非总结句非总结句，则要考虑与前面句子的词汇和逻辑衔接。 √ 01篇章结构 c. 在段末设空 【例4】(2018课标1卷) Don't take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that's not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don’t take it out on yourself. ____ A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation. B. And don't forget about your friends. C. Then, find a way to calm down. 段末设空特点：通常是总结句，总结句，概括该段内容。 如非总结句非总结句，则要考虑与前面句子的词汇和逻辑衔接。 √ 01 篇章结构 【例5】One may ask why there are so many people smoking? _______ Most need help when it comes to quitting because the withdrawals（去除，结束） are so difficult to deal with. A. Set a date on which you plan to quit smoking. B. The answer is that smoking is extremely addictive. C. Many other cancers are also related to smoking. d. 问答式 问答式设空特点：why 与 answer 相呼应 √ Structure（（篇章结构）小结篇章结构）小结 a.在小标题设空 b.在段首设空 c.在段末设空 d.问答式 简短简短，与文中 给出的小标题 结构一致，多 为祈使句祈使句 通常是段落主段落主 题句题句。根据段段 落一致性落一致性原则， 查找同义词或 其他相关的词， 推断主题句。 通常是总结句，总结句， 总结概括该段内 容；如非总结句非总结句， 则要考虑与前面 句子的词汇和逻 辑衔接。 why why 与与 answer answer 相呼相呼 应。应。 4.解题技巧 key words（关键词） 02 关键词 【例6 】（2019年4月天一联考） 3. Break down big goals into small ones. Not all goals are created equal. __40___ And for these big goals, experts suggest breaking them down into small ones. Let's say you love cooking. So, you decide to start your own company that supplies food for special events.... A．Set specific goals. B．Some goals can be quite big. C．That's a fine goal, but it is too general. D．Telling your friends or your family members your goal is also helpful. a. 同词复现 √ 同畴词 (words of the same range) 同/近义词 (synonym) 反义词 (antonym) 同构句 (sentences of the same structure) 代词 (pronoun) 02 key words小结 4.解题技巧 Logic（行文逻辑） 03行文逻辑 a. 解释例证 There are three main types of cryptography（密码学）. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden massage “Meet me.” E. You can hide a message by having the first letter of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. √ E选项与for example举例例证相符 03 行文逻辑 b. 转折关系 E选项与原文中If not 构成转折关系 Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If notIf not, take another look at other methods you could try. D. And consider setting a second alarm. E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up. F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day. √ 03 行文逻辑 c. 并列关系 Hopefully that gives you a good start. 40 AndAnd don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live! E. Cooking is a burden for many people. F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.√ 由空后的and可得知并列关系。 03 行文逻辑 d. 因果关系 Get a coach ___51___, so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that’s right for you. C. Turn your back on too many rules D. Check the rules about dos and don’ts E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough√ E选项中的tough和so get help构成因果关系。 1.______关系：and; for one thing, for another; firstly, secondly, thirdly; in the first place, in the second place; first, then/ next, etc. 2.______关系：also; what’s more; furthermore; moreover; in addition; what’s worse, to make matters worse, etc. 3.______关系：so, therefore, thus, hence, as a result; because, as, since, now that, etc. 4.__________关系：but, however, nevertheless, though, yet, otherwise, while, even if, despite, on the contrary, etc. 5.______关系：for example, for instance, such as, that is, that is to say, in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, etc. 03 Logic 小结 并列 递进 因果 转折与让步 例证 How to Interrupt Someone in a Nice Way     There are many reasons that interrupting a speaker or a group may be necessary.  The goal is to be able to do these things in a polite way.     1. To end a conversation.    1    In these situations, we can use these phrases.     “I'm sorry to interrupt but I must go now.”     “I hate to interrupt but I have to leave.”     2. To ask a question.     There are times when we have a question about the subject of discussion or even an  unrelated subject. Or we may want to make sure we've understood the speakers before  they continue speaking. Here are useful phrases for asking questions.   A. To give a message. B. To continue a conversation. C. I'm sorry for the interruption but I have a quick question. D. But you still want to offer an opinion or share some information. E. I'm sorry to cut this short but I must go to pick it up my kid immediately. F. There are times when we want to leave a conversation before a speaker finishes. G. In giving such messages to people while they are speaking, we start with “Excuse  me”. F 代词指代 “Sorry to interrupt, but may I ask a question?”      “     2    ”       “Sorry for interrupting, but I want to make sure I understand.”      Then, you can ask or state something to make sure you're clear on the speaker's  meaning.     3. __3__      In other situations, you may need to give someone a message that cannot wait, such  as to inform them about a phone call or other time-sensitive issue. __4___      “Excuse me, Bryan. There's a phone call for you on line 1.”     “Excuse me, but you're needed in the hall to sign for a package.    A. To give a message. B. To continue a conversation. C. I'm sorry for the interruption but I have a quick question. D. But you still want to offer an opinion or share some information. E. I'm sorry to cut this short but I must go to pick it up my kid immediately. F. There are times when we want to leave a conversation before a speaker finishes. G. In giving such messages to people while they are speaking, we start with “Excuse me”. C 同构复现 “Sorry to interrupt, but may I ask a question?”      “     2    ”       “Sorry for interrupting, but I want to make sure I understand.”      Then, you can ask or state something to make sure you're clear on the speaker's  meaning.     3. __3__      In other situations, you may need to give someone a message that cannot wait, such  as to inform them about a phone call or other time-sensitive issue. __4___      “Excuse me, Bryan. There's a phone call for you on line 1.”     “Excuse me, but you're needed in the hall to sign for a package.    A. To give a message. B. To continue a conversation. C. I'm sorry for the interruption but I have a quick question. D. But you still want to offer an opinion or share some information. E. I'm sorry to cut this short but I must go to pick it up my kid immediately. F. There are times when we want to leave a conversation before a speaker finishes. G. In giving such messages to people while they are speaking, we start with “Excuse me”. C A 小标题+同词复现 G 解释例证 4. To join in a conversation. And, finally, there are times when you want to join in a conversation between two or more people. Sometimes, the speakers are so deep in discussion that there are no natural breaks in their speech. ___5___ These phrases can help you enter a  conversation.     “Excuse me, but may I jump in here?”     “May/ Can I add something here?” A. To give a message. B. To continue a conversation. C. I'm sorry for the interruption but I have a quick question. D. But you still want to offer an opinion or share some information. E. I'm sorry to cut this short but I must go to pick it up my kid immediately. F. There are times when we want to leave a conversation before a speaker finishes. G. In giving such messages to people while they are speaking, we start with “Excuse  me”. D 转折关系 Homework Do exercises on the Learning Guide trying to use what we've learned today. Whatever difficulty we may face, just smile like a flower.