Subject-verb Agreement
主谓一致1. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)While running regularly can't make you
live forever, the review says it ________ (be) more
effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or
swimming.
2.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow
______ (be) acceptable. （2016·全国卷I）．
is
is主谓一致
• 定义：
• 句子中的谓语部分必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
• 重要性：
• 1.语法填空中所给动词作谓语时，要考虑主谓一致。
2.短文改错中也常有主谓一致错误。
主谓一致与高考
定义一、谓语动词用单数形式的情形序
号 主语形式 谓语形
式 备注
1
单数名词、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、单个
动名词（短语）以及单个主语从句作主语时 单数
2
用and连接的两个名词表示同一人、同一物或同一概
念（后一个名词前无冠词）作主语时 单数
3
each，every，no+单数名词作主语，即使有and连接
时。
如，every boy and (every) girl…
单数
each做同
位语时谓语
动词与主语
保持一致
4 “more than one 或many a + 单数名词”作主语时 单数 意义为复数序
号 主语形式 谓语形
式 备注
5 “the number of＋复数名词”作主语时 单数
与
a number
of 对比
6
表示距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词常
作为一个整体作主语时 单数
7
有些以s结尾表示学科名称的词，如physics,
mathematics, economics, politics等，以及用作书名、
地名、国名的复数名词作主语
单数 Ⅰ.高考与单句填空
. 1-1. It is important to remember that success _______(be) a sum of
small efforts made each day and often _______(take) years to achieve.
(湖南卷，单选改编, 27)
• 1-2. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are
often up all night with the baby. (辽宁卷，改错)
• 2. A teacher of English and class teacher often _______（tell）us
something about volunteer workers. （2020•江西省高三第四
次模考，单选改编)
• 3-1. ---Did you go to the show last night?
• --- Yeah! Every boy and every girl in the area _________ ( invite) .
• 3-2 . We each_______ (have）strong points，but each of us on the
other hand ____（have）weak points.
is
takes
has
tells
was invited
have
has【高考链接与经典试题】
12/26/2020
• 4. It is reported that many a new house _____________(build) in the
disaster area now.
• 5. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities
have been rising steadily since 1990.(单句改错)
• 6. I suppose twenty dollars ______(be) a big sum to her.
• 7-1. The teacher together with the students is discussing Reading
Skills that are newly published in America. (单句改错)
• 7-2. Mathematics _____ (be) the language of science.
• 7-3. The United States of America _____ (be) one of the most
developed countries in the world.
is being built
ishas
is is
is二、谓语动词用复数形式的情形
序号 主语形式 谓语形式 备注
1
复数名词, 以及由连接词 and 或 both … and
连接的名词
复数
2
有些名词，如people, cattle，police等没有单
数形式，作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。
复数
形式上
是单数
3 “a number of＋复数名词”作主语时 复数 【高考链接与经典试题】
• 1. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky. ( 陕
西卷，改错)
• 2. Usually cattle __________(allow) to eat grass in this area.
• 3.A great number of visitors ______________(attract) to my
hometown, and the number of foreigners there is quite large.
are allowed
were
are attracted三、谓语动词既可以是单数形式也可以复数形式的情形
序
号 主语形式 谓语形式 备注
1
“名词/代词+ as well as, with, together with,
along with，but, except, besides, in addition to,
including, like, rather than, + 名词”结构作主语
时，
取决于其前面
的名词/代词
常被称
为“就
远原则
”
2
当either…or…；neither…nor…；not only…but
also…；not…but…; or；nor等并列连词连接两个
主语以及there be句型
取决于跟谓语
动词最近的名
词/代词
常被称
为就近
原则三、既能跟单数又能跟复数的情形
序
号 主语形式 谓语形式 备注
3
由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of,
the majority of + 名词/代词”构成的短语
以及由“分数或百分数+of +名词”构成的短
语作主语时
取决于of后
的名词
4
“one of + 复数名词+who/which/that” 引导
的定语从句中，who/which/that 做主语时 复数
one前有
the only
、the very
修饰时用
单数【高考链接】
• 1. The famous musician，as well as his students，________（invite）to
perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
• 2. One–third of the country __________(cover) with trees and the majority
of the citizens _______(be) black people.
• 3. --Is everyone here？-- Not yet. Look, there _________(come) the rest of
our guests!
• 4. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who
_______(wear) evening dress.
• 5. Either you or one of your students ____(be ) to attend the meeting that is
due tomorrow.
was invited
is covered
are
come
wears
is需要根据所代表词来决定谓语的单复数形式的情形
序
号 主语形式 谓语形式 备
注
1 all、what、such等充当主语时 取决于所指代
之词
2
在定语从句中，关系代词 that, who,
which等作主语时 取决于先行词 【高考链接与经典试题】
• 1-1.All we need_____(be) a small piece of land where we can plant
various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
• 1-2.What we need _______(be) hard work. What we need ______(be)
suitable materials.
• 2-1. The factory used 65 percent of the materials , the rest of which
______(be ) saved for other purposes.
• 2-2. Any student who ______(be) interested is welcome to participate.
is
is are
were
is 序
号 主语形式 谓语形式 备
注
1
由“kind /form /type /sort /species
/series +of + 名词”作主语时；“复数
名词+of this kind /form /type /sort
/species /series 作主语时
取决于of 前
的词
2
“a large quantity/ large amount of + 名
词” 作主语时；“large quantities of ,
large amounts of + 名词”作主语时
取决于
quantity和
amount
• 1. All kinds of difficulties_______(have) to be overcome .This
kind/sort of questions _______(be) very difficult. Questions of this
kind / sort ______(be) very difficult.
• 2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good
earth ________________(wash) away each year.
have
is
are
are being washed
【高考链接与经典试题】集合名词作主语的情形
序
号 主语形式 谓语形式 备注
集合名词，如public，family,
enemy, audience，government，
group，committee，team，media
，staff，crew等作主语时，
取决于这
些词的意
义
整体意义
时用单数；
个体（成
员）意义
时用复数【经典试题】
• 【解析】答案：is；are。
第一空中 family 指代 整体,
第二空中 family 指代 家庭成员
The family _____(be ) a big one. The family
______(be) all music lovers.单复数同形的名词作主语的情形
序
号 主语形式 谓语形式 备注
单复数同形的名词sheep，deer，
fish，means， species，Chinese
，Japanese，series作主语时
取决于其前
面的修饰词
every+单数
名词；
all+复数名
词 Every +单数名词，所以主语 means 为单数，且根
据句意判断用现在完成时。
Every possible means _____________（ use） to
prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
has been used
【经典试题】 the+形容词作主语的情形
序
号 主语形式 谓语
形式
备
注
1
“the + 形容词或过去分词”表示一
类人时 复数
2
“the + 形容词”表示一种抽象概念
或品质时 单数 • the wounded 表一类人，谓语动词用复数；
The beautiful 表抽象事物用单数形式。
The wounded _____________ (save) by the villagers at last.
The beautiful _________(be) not always the good.
were saved
is
【经典试题】【一、易错点汇总】
• 1. Our class _____ a big one. Our class _____ fond of English. （be)
• 2. The trousers _______ mine. This pair of trousers ____ mine. (be)
• 3.Apples of this kind____ well. This kind of apples ____ well. (sell)
• 3. The population of China _______ far larger than that of Japan.
Eighty percent of the population in China ________ farmers. (be)
• 4. Every means ______ been tried to solve the problem.
All means _______ been tried to solve the problem. (have)
• 5. The aged ______ being cared for in the community.
The unknown _____ always something to be feared. (be)
• 6. A singer and dancer ______ been invited to the party.
• A singer and a dancer ________ been invited to the party. （have)
is are
are is
sell sells
is
are
has
have
are
is
has
have• 7. Tom is one of the workers who ______ ( be) fired by the company
last week.
• Tom is the only one of the workers who ____ ( be)fired by the
company last week.
• 8. A large quantity of water ________wasted every year.
• Large quantities of water _______wasted every year. ( be)
are
is
is
are
【一、易错点汇总】【二、用所给词的正确形式填空并熟读。】
• My seatmate James, whose parents 1._______________ (teach) English
in Changsha for ten years, 2.________(come) from the United States,
which 3._____(be) one of the most developed countries in the world. He as
well as his parents 4.________ (enjoy) living in Changsha because neither
James nor his parents 5.____(find) it difficult to adapt to the life in China.
In their opinion, many a custom here 6.___(be) easy to understand and
ten years 7.___(be)enough for them to get used to all the customs.I,
together with James, extremely 8._____(like) English but physics
9.________ (seem) rather difficult for us. Besides, both he and I 10._____
(be) very fond of reading story books, and the Arabian Nights 11._____
(be) one of the most interesting books that 12.___________ (read) by us.
have been teaching
comes
is
enjoys
find
is
is
like
seems are
is
have been read• Our class 13._____(be) united as a big family. Now the class
14._____(be)preparing for the coming sports meet, so large quantities of
our recent time 15.________________(spend) on it.
• What we need 16._____(be)a qualified coach because being trained
properly 17._____(be)of great importance. We each 18._____(be) all
aware that each of us 19.________ (play) an important role in our class.
We have decided to hold a celebration if getting a good result but when
and where we are going to hold it 20.________________ (not decide).
is
are
have been spent
is
is are
plays
hasn’t been decided
【二、用所给词的正确形式填空并熟读。】【三、单句改错。】
• 1. Tom have been reading that book all the morning so he is tired now.
• 2. As everybody knows, politics are now taught in all schools.
• 3. Kate, one of my good friends, come from Guangzhou.
• 4. As we all know, people speaks English all over the world.
• 5. The teacher, together with his students, are planting trees on the street.
• 6. Not only the students but also the teacher wish for a holiday.
• 7. It is the parents and their son that wants to buy the bicycle.
• 8. Many a student have been sent to plant trees.
• 9. Bill was standing at the side of the car, talking to two men who was
helping him to repair it.
• 10. To read English aloud every morning do you a lot of good.
has
is
comes
is
wishes
want
has
were
doesIt is Mrs Li who is teaching you English today.
It is the coronavirus that has made people
panicked.
强调句型
What kind of sentences are they？用强调句型帮助强调
1. 构成 (structure)
It is /was +被强调部分+that (who) +其他成分
强调除谓语以外
的句子成分
强调人
只能是
单数They will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.
强调主语
It is they that/who will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.
强调宾语
It is a meeting that they will have in the hall tomorrow.
强调地点状语
It is in the hall that they will have a meeting tomorrow.
强调时间状语
It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting in the hall. 把“It is/was --- that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结
构仍然完整，那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子
不完整，则不是强调句。如：
1.It is true that he once went to America.
2.It was at 8 o’clock that he came back.
3.It was 8 o’clock ______ he came back.
A. that B. when C. where
主语从句
强调句型
2. 强调句型的判断
时间状语从句when
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