Unit 7 Where would you like to visit
新课标要求 词组
1.trek through 长途跋涉 2.take it easy 从容
3. in general 通常,大体上 4.some day 某一天
5.as soon as possible 尽快地 6.come true 实现
7.thousands of 数千(万) 8.so that 以便,为了.
9.quite a few 颇多的 10.on the other hand 另一方面
11.hold on 坚定
日常交际用语 Where would you like to visit?
I’d love to visit Mexico.
What else can you tell me?
I hope to go to France some day.
I want to go to somewhere really cool!
重点句型 I’d like to trek through the jungle, because I like exciting
vacations.
I’d like to go somewhere relaxing.
I hope to visit Hawaii some day.
For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Paris?
We don’t mind how far we have to go.
知识点全解
1. Where would you like to go on vacation, Sam?
Sam, 你想到哪儿去度假?
(1)句中的would like表示“想要”,是一种较委婉礼貌的说法,常用于以下几种句式:
would like+名词(或代词),意为“想要”。例如:
I’d like a new computer.
我想要一台新计算机。(其中I’d是I would的缩写)
He’d like some hamburger and juice.
他想要汉堡包和果汁。(其中He’d是He would的缩写)
would like +to do,意为“想做……”。例如:
She’d like to go there alone.
她想单独去那里。
We’d like to see our teacher in hospital this Sunday.
这个星期天,我们想去看看住院的老师。
would like +名词(或代词)+to do,表示“希望……做……”。例如:
I’d like you to meet my friends.
我希望你见见我的朋友们。
I’d like them to stay for dinner with us.
我希望他们留下来和我们共进晚餐。
would like+名词(或代词)+形容词,意为“喜欢…… 呈……状”。例如:
I’d like the windows open at night.
晚上(睡觉)我喜欢开着窗户。
I’d like this trouble settled at once.
我希望这件麻烦事能马上得以解决。
(2)辨析:would like与want
二者都有“想要”的含义,但would like较want更加委婉。二者后面都可接“名词或不定式”,也可接“名词+不定式”的结构,would like在口语中常说成“’d like”,可适用于所有人称;而want则要根据人称和数的变化而变化。在语言表达中,二者大多可以互换使用,但在语气的委婉程度上是有差别,这一点在具体的语言环境中要注意。例如:
She wants a cup of coffee.
= She’d like a cup of coffee.
她想要一杯咖啡。
His uncle would like to buy a new car.
= His uncle wants to buy a new car.
他叔叔想买辆新车。
My friends want to play soccer after school.
= My friends would like to play soccer after school.
我的朋友想在放学后踢足球。
(3)on vacation 意为“在度假,在休假中”,这主要是美式用法,英国人常用on holiday. 其中的介词on是表示状态、方法等,意思是“进行中,在……中,于……状态”。例如:
The Smith family is now on vacation.
史密斯一家正在度假。(也可用on holiday)
My uncle has gone to France on vacation(holiday).
我叔叔到法国去度假了。
There are a lot of new spring suits on sale in the shop.
这个商店里有许多新上市的春装在出售。
She met an old friend on her way to school.
在上学的途中,她遇到了一位老朋友。
(4)go +on(或for)+名词,常表示“去……”。例如:
Let’s go on a journey on May Day.
“五·一”节我们去旅行吧。
They’d like to go on a picnic this weekend.
这个周末他们想去野餐。
Would you like to go for a swim after school?
放学以后你想去游泳吗?
Let’s go for a walk after supper.
晚饭后我们去散步吧。
2. I’d like to trek through the jungle, because I like exciting vacations.
我想去热带丛林中旅行,因为我喜欢充满刺激的假期。
(1)辨析:through与across
二者都可译为“穿过”,但through是指从空间较狭窄的一头“穿”行到另一头,常指从事物(氛围)内部穿过,含义与in有关系。
across是指从一条线或某一事物的表面的一边到另一边,常可译为“横过”,“横穿”,含义与in有关。例如:
The train is running through the tunnel.
火车正从隧道中穿过。
Two friends were walking through the forest when they met a bear.
两个朋友穿过一片森林时,突然遇到了一只熊。
It’s dangerous to go across the road when traffic lights are red.
红灯亮时过马路很危险。
In the picture, there is an Arab on the camel going across the desert.
那张画上,一个阿拉伯人骑在骆驼上正在过沙漠。
(2)because是连词,连接一个原因状语从句,可置于句首,可放在主句后面表原因。because所表原因比较直接。要注意,so表结果,但在英语中却不能把because和so一起用于一个句子中表原因和结果,这一点与汉语不同。例如:
Helen is crying because she’s broken her mother’s necklace.
= Helen has broken her mother’s necklace, so she is crying.
海伦把妈妈的项链弄坏了,所以在哭。
I went to bed early because I was tired.
= I was tired so I went to bed early.
我因为疲倦所以提早睡。
(3)辨析:because, as, since, for
这四个词都是表示各种理由的连词。但because多表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点,故because所引导的从句多放于句末。例如:
Why am I leaving? I’m leaving because I want to.
为什么我要离开?因为我想离开。
as, since用于表示理由是已知,而理由以外才是叙述的重点,两者皆多用于句首。但要注意:since更重形式,as多表示理由以外才是重点。例如:
Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive.
因为你没有驾驶执照,所以你不可以开车。
As it is raining, let’s stay at home.
因为下雨,我们就留在家里吧。
for不用于句首,而用于主句之后,补充说明理由;主句表推测时,要用for说明理由。例如:
I’ll follow his advice, for he is a doctor.
我会听从他的劝告,因为他是医生。
3. I like places where the weather is always warm.
我喜欢天气总是温和的地方。
本句是含有关系副词where的定语从句。关系副词where指地点,只能跟在表示地点的名词后面,如:place, village, town, city,
home等。在从句中作地点状语。例如:
That is the place where I grew up.
那里就是我成长的地方。
She has gone home where she will stay for a week.
她回家了,她将在家里呆一个星期。
I don’t know any places where you can find a better job.
我不知道你在什么地方能找到一个更好的工作。
I know of a place where we can swim.
我知道一个我们可以游泳的地方。
4. I hope to visit Hawaii some day.
我希望有一天能去游览夏威夷。
(1)本句中的hope作动词,它也可以作名词,表示“希望”,“愿望”。
作为动词,hope后面可接动词不定式或宾语从句。hope还可以与so,not用于简略回答中。例如:
My uncle hopes to buy a new house next year.
我叔叔希望明年能买一套新房子。
I hope to see my friends as soon as possible.
我希望能尽快见到我的朋友们。
The Smiths hope that they can come to Beijing some day.
史密斯夫妇希望有一天能到北京游览一下。
I hope I can be a teacher like my mother.
我希望能像母亲一样做一位教师。
“Can he come tomorrow? ”“I hope so. ”
“他明天能来吗?”“我希望他能来。”
“Will he buy you a present? ”“I hope not. ”
“他会给你买个礼物吗?”“我希望他不要买。”
hope作名词时,既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。例如:
She gave up hope of becoming a doctor.
她放弃了做一名医生的愿望。
My hope is that you will live with your old parents.
我希望你能和年迈的父母住在一起。
What’s her hopes for the future?
她对将来有什么希望?
While there is life, there is hope.
(谚语)留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
(2)辨析:hope与wish
这两个词作动词,都有“希望,期望”之意。
hope与wish后都可接动词不定式,但wish后还可接“sb. + to do sth. ”的结构,而hope则不可以。如果用hope表达主语希望别人做某事时,后面要接宾语从句。例如:
Jim hopes to get a baby horse for his birthday.
吉姆希望在生日那天能得到一匹小马。
I hope to have a look at your new car.
我想看看你的新车。
The little girl hopes her mother will come home from work earlier today.
这个小女孩希望她妈妈能早点下班回家。
My aunt wishes to find her lost watch somewhere.
我姑姑希望在什么地方能找到她丢失的手表。
The little girl wishes her mother to come home from work earlier every day.
这个小女孩希望妈妈每天早点下班回家。
hope表示“说话者以为想要做的事”,通过努力可以实现;而wish常表示“说话者要想做某事”,
但不去想可能实现与否,或认为可能性不太大。另外,hope表示“未来可能的希望”,而wish表示“与事实相反的愿望”。例如:
We hope to visit this place again.
我们希望能再度探访此地。
We hoped to save more money.
我们希望能存更多的钱。
I’m hoping that you will accept my offer.
我希望你能接受我的建议。
He wishes to go to the moon now.
他希望现在就能到月球上去。
I wish I could make no mistakes in the exams without any difficulty.
但愿我能毫不费力地在考试中不出差错。
(3)some day 意为“(将来)有一天,有朝一日”,这是英式用法,美式用法写作someday, 二者无区别。如果表示过去的“有一天”时,使用one day, the other day等。例如:
My dream will come true some day (someday).
我的梦想将来有一天会实现。
The teacher will know about it some day (someday).
总有一天老师会知道这件事的。
One day he came to see me with a little boy.
有一天,他带着一个小男孩来看我。(或用the other day 代替one day).
注:one day 表示过去也可表示将来的某一天。例如:
The teacher will know about it one day.
总有一天老师会知道这件事。
5. I’d like to go somewhere relaxing.
我想去一个能让人心情舒畅的地方。
somewhere常用作副词,意为“到某处,在某处”。与之类似构成的单词还有:anywhere(在任何地方,到任何地方),nowhere(无处,到处都没有),everywhere(到处,处处)
(1)somewhere用于肯定句,而在否定句、疑问句、if(whether)从句中,则用anywhere。例如:
The church must be somewhere around here.
那座教堂一定就在附近。
I want to live somewhere else.
我想住到别的地方。
I remember seeing him somewhere.
我记得在哪儿见过他。
Have you seen my watch anywhere?
你在什么地方见到过我的手表吗?
I don’t want to go anywhere else.
我哪儿也不想去了。
(2)somewhere有时与修饰语或短语连用,或成为宾语而当名词用。这时候,其修饰语或短语要置于somewhere之后。例如:
They need somewhere to stay.
他们需要找个地方呆一会。
Let’s find somewhere quiet to have a rest.
我们找某个安静的地方休息一会吧。
(3)即使形式为疑问句,但说话者心中的肯定意识较强时,或实际上表示请求劝诱时,有时不用anywhere而用somewhere。例如:
Shall we go somewhere else?
我们去别的地方好吗?
3a
6. For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Paris?
为什么不考虑一下到新加坡去度你的下一个假期?
(1)why not …? = why don’t you…? 意思是“你为什么不……,你……怎么样?”用于表示提
议、劝诱等,“why not…?”结构中,not后接动词原形。例如:
Why don’t you introduce your friend to your parents?
= Why not introduce your friend to your parents?
你为什么不介绍你的朋友给你父母认识呢?
Why not come and see me tomorrow?
= Why don’t you come and see me tomorrow?
明天来找我怎么样?
(2)consider是动词,意为“仔细考虑,深思熟虑,再三考虑”,后面可接名词,从句,副词,接动词时要用v-ing形式。例如:
We considered his suggestion.
我们仔细考虑了他的建议。
He is considering studying abroad.
他正在考虑出国留学。(不可用to study代替studying)
We considered how we should help them.
我们仔细考虑应该如何帮助他们。
Consider carefully before you decide.
你要慎重考虑后再决定。
(3)句中的visit是动词,visit还可作名词。
visit作动词时,既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,表示“访问,拜访,探望”。例如:
I’m going to visit my uncle tomorrow.
我打算明天去看望我叔叔。
The president visited five countries in Europe.
总统在欧洲访问了五个国家。
They often visited me while I was in hospital.
我住院期间他们经常来看望我。
The old man doesn’t live in this city, he is only visiting.
他不住在这个城市,他只是来观光的。
visit作名词时,意为“访问,参观,观光”。后接介词to短语时,表示“在某处的访问(观光)”。例如:
Chairman Hu is on a visit to America.
胡主席正在美国访问。
This is my first visit to Sweden.
这是我第一次到瑞典游览。
We made frequent visits to the lake.
我们时常去看那个湖。
7.Paris is the capital of France, and is one of the liveliest cities in Europe.
巴黎是法国的首都,并且是欧洲最美丽的城市之一.
One of+最高级+名词复数意为 “最……的之一”
Beijing is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
8.Traveling around Paris by taxi can cost a lot of money.
乘出租车游巴黎会花掉一大笔钱.
Cost指东西值多少钱.主语一般是所买的东西等名词.
Take, spend, cost区别:
Spend 主语是人,take 主语是物或是IT做形式主语,cost 主语是物。
1)spend的主语必须是“人”,宾语可以是钱,精力,时间等,其后用on(for)+名词或用in(可省略)+动名词形式,不接不定式。如:He spent a lot of money for his new car. 他花了很多钱买了这辆新车。He spends much money on books.他平时将很多钱用在买书上。 Mr Li spends a lot of time(in)helping his students with their English.李老师花很多时间帮助他的学生学英语。? 2)take可用于表示花时间、金钱、勇气等。如:It took the workers three years to build the bridge. 建这座桥花了工人们三年的时间。(句中的it是一个形式主语,其后的不定式短语才是真正的主语。)Repairing the bike took me half a day. 修这辆自行车花了我半天的时间。 3)cost可用于表示花时间和金钱,其主语一般是“物”或“事”,表示“费用”、“耗费”。如:The book cost him one dollar.这本书用了他一美元。?Homework costs the children much time. 家庭作业要花孩子们许多时间。? 注意:cost与表示时间的词连用时,不能与具体时间长度连用,只能与表示抽象概念的时间短语(如some time, much time等)连用。
9.So unless you speak French yourself ,It’s best to travel with someone who can translate things for you.
所以除非你本人说法语,最好和一个能替你翻译法语的人一起来巴黎旅游.
Unless 除非……,引导条件状语从句.比 “if…not”略微正式.
Section b
10. What else can you tell me?
你还能告诉我一些别的吗?
本句中的形容词else修饰what作后置定语。
辨析:else 与other
else与other都可作形容词,表示“别的”,“其他的”,但用法却大不相同。else只用于修饰不定代
词,疑问代词和疑问副词,并且必须要位于这些修饰词之后,作后置定语;而other用来修饰名词,其位置
与else正好相反,它位于被修饰的名词之前。请注意体会比较下面各句:
“Do you have anything else to say? ”“Nothing else. ”
“你还有别的什么要说的吗?”“没什么别的了。”
What else can you see in the picture?
在图画中,你还能看到别的什么吗?
Where else did you go in the summer vacation?
暑假里你还去了别的什么地方吗?
There must be somebody else in the classroom.
教室里肯定还有别的人。
The other students are drawing by the lake.
别的学生都在湖边画画。
I remember I have read the story in some other book.
我记得我在别的书上看过这个故事。
11. I hope you can provide me with some information about the kinds of
vacations that your
firm can offer.
我希望你能向我提供一些信息,就是有关你们公司所提供的一些度假种类。
(1)本句句子较长,要能正确地理解句意,就要正确地区分里面的从句。I hope 后是一个很大的宾语从句,这个宾语从句中又包括了“that your firm can offer”这个定语从句。能搞清整个句子的结构,对于句子意思的理解有很大的帮助。
(2)句中的provide是动词,意为“供给……,供应……,提供……”等,其常见用法如下:
provide后面接宾语,宾语可由名词或代词充当。例如:
Sheep provide wool.
羊提供羊毛。
The school will provide tents, but we must bring our own food.
学校会提供帐篷,但我们必须自己带食物。
provide +名+for名(人)=provide +名(人)+with名,意思是“供给(某人)……”。
例如:
They provided food and clothes for the sufferers.
= They provided the sufferers with food and clothes.
他们向受难者提供食物和衣服。
Please provide us with some information about shopping online.
请向我们提供一些有关网上购物的信息。
(3)句中的offer也是动词,意思是“提供……,建议”等。其主要用法如下:
offer+名词。例如:
They offered a new proposal.
他们提出了新的提案。
He wants to offer a bribe to the headmaster.
他想向校长行贿。
offer+(名)人+名=offer+名+to名(人),表示“对(某人)提供……”。例如:
He offered his help to me.
他表示愿助我一臂之力。
She offered him a cup of tea.
她给他一杯茶。
He offered me a better position.
= I was offered a better position by him.
= A better position was offered (to)me by him.
他提供给我更好的职位。
offer + to do. 例如:
He offered to help us.
他表示愿意帮助我们。
He offered to play soccer with us on Sunday.
他表示星期天愿意和我们一起踢足球。
12. We would like to travel to an exciting place, and we don’t mind how far we
have to go.
我们想去一个有趣的地方去旅行,我们不在乎要去多远的地方。
(1)句中的exciting是由动词excite变来的形容词,我们可以称之为“-ing型形容词”;另外,形容词excited也是动词excite变来的形容词,我们可称之为“-ed型形容词”。在英语这样变化而来的形容词很多。
一般情况下,“-ing型形容词”有主动和进行的含义,是人或物本身所具有的品质,如exciting意为“令人兴奋的,使人感到有趣的”;而“-ed型形容词”有被动或已完成的含义,表示由于受到了某种影响而产生的结果,如excited表示“感到兴奋的,感到有趣的”。
从下面的例句中仔细体会一下两种形容词的不同。
The children are very excited to hear the exciting news.
听到那个令人兴奋的消息,孩子们很兴奋。
I’m very interested in the interesting story.
我对这个有趣的故事很感兴趣。
(interested, interesting由动词interest变化而来)
They were amazed at the amazing finish.
他们对那个令人吃惊的结局感到很惊讶。
(amazed, amazing是由动词amaze变化而来)
The audience were deeply moved when they saw the moving film Titanic.
看《泰坦尼克号》这部感人的电影时,观众们被深深地打动了。
(moved, moving是动词move变化而来)
The old man was very tired during the tiring journey.
在令人劳累的旅途中那位老人感到很疲倦。
(tired, tiring是由动词tire变化而来)
He was too surprised to say a word when he heard the surprising result.
听到这个令人震惊的结果,他惊讶地说不出话来。
(surprised, surprising是由动词surprise变化而来)
(2)句中的mind是动词,表示“(对……)介意,反对”,作此意讲时,mind常用于疑问句或否定句中,后面接名词,副词或动词“-ing形式”。例如:
It doesn’t matter, I don’t mind the heat.
没关系,我不在乎炎热。
She wouldn’t mind taking care of the children.
她不会介意照顾这些孩子的。
Do you mind my standing here?
你介意我站在这里吗?
I came a little bit earlier, I hope you don’t mind.
我来得早了点,希望你不介意。
(3)句中的have to 表示“必须,不得不”。
have to 后面接动词原形,当主语为第三人称单数时,用has to 。例如:
My home is far from my school, so I have to get up early every morning.
我家离学校很远,所以我不得不早晨早起。
Tom has to stay at home to look after his sister.
汤姆不得不呆在家里照顾他的妹妹。
have to 用于否定句和疑问句时,要根据时态加助动词。例如:
He doesn’t have to do his homework at school.
他不必在学校里做作业。
We won’t have to go to school tomorrow.
我们明天不必去上学了。
Does she have to finish all the work today?
她今天一定要把全部工作做完吗?
辨析:have to 与must
在表示“必须”这个含义时,have to 和must很接近,只是must较强调主观看法,have to 较强调客观需要。如果是用于指现在,两者很多时候是可以替换的。不过,have to 应用的更为广泛,尤其是在口语中。另外,have to 可用于多种时态,而must只能用于一般现在时。例如:
I have to go home early this afternoon.
我今天下午得早回家。(强调客观原因)
We must clean our classroom every day.
我们必须每天打扫教室。(强调主观看法)
He will have to finish the work before 10:00 today.
他今天10点前必须做完这项工作。
My brother had to work last night.
我弟弟昨天晚上不得不去上班。
Reading
13. I’d love to sail across the Pacific.
我想要乘船横渡太平洋.
Across prep ,横越,…..通常指过河,过桥,过街.“across”,和“through”,它们都有“穿过”的意思,但其用法有如下区别:
“across”,意为“横过”,常指从这边到另一边,即:“from this side to the other”,图形好像“十”字。
例如:
1. The bus is coming across the bridge.
2. They often go to school across the street.
3. Can you swim across the river ?
“through”,意为“从中间穿过”。例如:
1. The deer is going through the forest.
2. The balloon is flying on and on through the clouds.
3. Jack saw many students playing on the playground through the window.
14.Here are some of the findings of a survey about hopes and dreams, in which thousands of students across china took part .
这里有一些全中国参与这项活动的数千万名学生的愿望和梦想的调查结果.
(1) in which …一句为非限定性定语从句.in 与从句中的took part 构成短语 “参与,参加,”in 不能省略.
This is an old house, in which my grandparents lived for nearly 30 years.
这是一所老房子,我的祖父母在这里已住了将近30年了.
(2)thousands of 表模糊的数字,后接可数名词复数,此类用法还有hundreds of, millions of, billions of 等.
Thousand of years have passed.
15.It seems some students would like to start work as soon as possible, so that they can help provide better lives for their parents.
一些学生好象想尽快的参加工作,以便他们能帮助父母过上更好的生活.
(1)Seem 似乎,好象 与形式主语连用时,后接that 从句,that 可以省略.
It seems that he is ill. 他好象病了.
其后可以接形容词做表语.
He seems happy today.他今天似乎很高兴.
其后也可以接动词不定式.
He seems to be very angry.他似乎很生气.
(2)So that 以便,为了
引导目的状语从句,从句中常用will,would,can,could,may,might ,be able to,want等词.
The boy did his homework hurriedly so that he wouldn’t like to miss the football match.
为了不错过这场球赛,那男孩匆匆地写完了作业.
16.many students said they would like to be volunteers at the 2008 Olympics, maybe working as translators or tour guides.
许多学生说他们想要做2008年奥运会的自愿者,也许做翻译或导游工作.
Maybe 也许,可能 通常放在句首,也可以放在句尾,和单词"may"的汉语意思相同,但是用法不同.May 是情态动词,后接动词原形be.意为,也许是,可能是.
Maybe he is in the office.= he may be in the office.
Maybe they are visitors from America.= They may be visitors from America.
17.and quite a few said they dream of going to the moon one day.有相当多的人说他们梦想着有一天能到月球上去.
Quite a few 意为 "相当多的,颇多的"后接可数名词复数. Frank has quite a few friends there.
18.on the other hand, students dream of very different things.另一方面,学生的许多梦想也有许多不同的情况;
on the other hand 另一方面.
On the other hand, it may not be bad for us to fail in the match.
19. It is very important to dream, so hold on to your dreams; one day they may just come true.
有梦想是非常重要的,因此要坚持你的梦想;有一天他们就有可能会变成现实.
Hold on 此处为"坚定"的意思.
How long can they hold on?
You must hold on to your ideas.
语法知识
动词不定式 动词不定式可以充当除谓语之外的任外的任何句子成分。
1. 不定式作主语
a. 动词不定式可以放在句首作句子的主语,表示某个具体或将来的动作。例如:
To swim in the river is dangerous.
b. 在现代英语中为了平衡句子,人们常用先行词 it
作形式主语,而把真正的作主语不定式放在后边。如:
It is dangerous to swim in the river.
c. 在上述 b 的情况下,可以用介词 for 或 of 来引出动词不定式的逻辑主语。例如:
It is difficult for the foreigners to learn Chinese.
2. 不定式作宾语
a. 动词不定式可以作某些动词的宾语,表示某个具体的动作或行为。例如: I can''t afford to buy a new car. 这样的动词有: wish , hope , manage , ask , offer ,
promise , pretend , decide 等。