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单元素养评价(六)
Unit 6
(120分钟 150分)
听力材料为教师用书独具
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
W: ①It’s too late. I’m afraid I must go off now. I have to get up early tomorrow.
M: Oh, so soon? What a pity! Well, drop in again when you have time.
1. When does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the evening. B. At noon.
C. In the morning.
答案: A
Text 2
M: ②This book is $20 and the blue one is 5 dollars more.
W: ②The red one is twice as much as the blue one.
2. Which book is the most expensive?
A. The blue one. B. The green one.
C. The red one.
答案: C
Text 3
W: Do you live very far from your school?
M: About 8 kilometers, but it doesn’t seem very far; there is much traffic along this road. ③It’s great to go by bike.
3. How does the man feel about going to school by bike?
A. Happy. B. Tired. C. Worried.
答案: A
Text 4
W: Don’t blame yourself too much. It is too early to start the afternoon class at 1: 00 pm.
M: No, ④the class has been rescheduled to 2: 00 pm, and I was still 30 minutes late yesterday.
4. When did the man get to class yesterday?
A. At 2: 30. B. At 2: 00.
C. At 1: 30.
答案: A
Text 5
W: You look happy.
M: I am. ⑤I had my performance evaluation today.
W: So it went well?
M: Yes. The manager said that my interpersonal skills are great. I work well with others.
5. Why is the man happy?
A. He got a good evaluation.
B. He received an award for his work.
C. He learned some interpersonal skills.
答案: A
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
Text 6
M: I want to go travelling to Hawaii.
W: ⑥That sounds like fun. How do you want to go?
M: ⑦ I want to go there by sea. But I have no idea how much it will cost.
W: I think it depends on the season.
M: Well, of course. I want to go when the weather is nice.
W: Are you going to travel alone?
M: No, my sister and I will travel together.
W: Well, you should go online and try to find a good deal.
6. What does the woman think about travelling to Hawaii?
A. Crazy. B. Interesting.
C. Boring.
答案: B
7. What will the man do?
A. Go to Hawaii by himself.
B. See his sister in Hawaii.
C. Travel to Hawaii by ship.
答案: C
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
Text 7
W: Good evening, madam and sir. Do you have a reservation?
M: Oh, I’m afraid not.
W: All right. How many, please?
M: ⑧A table for two, please.
W: Would you please come with me? . . . How about this one, sir?
M: It’s OK. But we’d prefer a table by the window. ⑨My wife loves t
he night view of Shanghai.
W: I’m sorry. This is the only available table I can give you at the moment. The tables by the window are all occupied.
M: Well, It doesn’t matter. We’ll take this one.
W: Well, then, it’s yours. Take a seat, please.
M: Thank you.
W: Here is the menu. Please take your time. The waiter will be with you in a moment.
8. How many people are eating out tonight?
A. Two. B. Three.
C. Four.
答案: A
9. Why would the man’s wife prefer a seat by the window?
A. She loves the fresh air.
B. She likes to enjoy the night view.
C. It’s the non-smoking area.
答案: B
听第8段材料, 回答第10～12题。
Text 8
M: Oh, ⑩we still haven’t decided what to get him.
W: I know. It’s hard. What does he need?
M: ⑪Well, darling, the other day he said that he needed a car.
W: Yeah, right. Well, I think that’s a little beyond us.
M: Yeah, it’d be fun, but it’s just a little too expensive.
W: There’s the usual kind of thing, like a wallet or tie.
M: Oh, please, not for his sixtieth.⑫I think we should get him something more expensive than that, don’t you? I mean, we want to get something good, something. . .
W: Something unusual?
M: Yeah.
W: Well, how about a computer? We could get him a computer. That way we could keep in touch on e-mail.
M: No, no, no. You know him. He says he’s too old to learn how to use a computer. He isn’t, of course, but I don’t think he’d ever use it.
10. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Buying a car. B. Choosing a gift.
C. Using a computer.
答案: B
11. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife.
B. Professor and student.
C. Salesman and customer.
答案: A
12. What do we know about the person mentioned by speakers?
A. Maybe he likes something expensive.
B. He is surely over sixty years old.
C. He must be fond of learning.
答案: A
听第9段材料, 回答第13～16题。
Text 9
W: Good afternoon, may I help you?
M：⑬I plan to move on the 30th of this month. I’d like to hire some professionals.
W: Would you like us to help you to pack?
M: Maybe that’s too expensive for me. I think I only need to hire some professionals to help me move on the moving day.
W: No problem. So, how many big pieces of furniture do you have?
M: I have a 27-inch TV, a double bed, computer desk, dining table, and two bookshelves.
W: OK. Which floor do you live on?
M：⑯I’m on the fifth floor now and my new place is on the third floor. There are elevators in both buildings.
W: I see. Do you know the distance between your current place and the new place?
M: ⑮It’s about 15 minutes by car.
W: OK, in your case, I suggest that you hire two movers and a medium
sized truck.
M: About how much will the total cost be?
W: ⑭The minimum travel time is three hours, and we charge $ 200. After the first 3 hours, we charge $ 100 per hour for two movers.
M: That sounds good. So, is 10 o’ clock in the morning on the 30th OK?
W: Yes, it is. You got it.
13. What will the man do on the 30th of this month?
A. Move to a new flat.
B. Help the woman to move.
C. Buy some furniture.
答案: A
14. How much may the man pay the woman for 3-hour service?
A. $200. B. $400. C. $600.
答案: A
15. How long does it take to go to the new place by car?
A. 20 minutes. B. 15 minutes. C. 10 minutes.
答案: B
16. Which of the following is TRUE according to the conversation?
A. The packing service is reasonable for the man.
B. Workers will get to the man’s place at 9: 00 a. m.
C. The man now lives on the fifth floor.
答案: C
听第10段材料, 回答第17～20题。
Text 10
Generation gap has always been a heated topic in our society. Why is there such a generation gap now? ⑰One important cause of the generation gap is the opportunity that young people have to choose their own ways of life. In a more traditional society, when children grow up, ⑱they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and like, and often to do the same work as the parents or continue the family business. In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family at an early age, marry or live with people whom their parents have never met, and
⑲choose jobs different from those of their parents. ⑰What’s more, in our society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did: to find better jobs, make more money, and to do all the things they are unable to do. In the end they often discover they have very little in common. ⑰Finally, the speed at which change is taking place in our society is another cause of the generation gap. ⑳ In a traditional culture, older people are valued for their knowledge, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime often goes out of date. The young and the old seem to live in very different worlds, and are separated by their different skills and abilities.
17. How many causes of the generation gap are discussed in the conversation?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
答案: C
18. What do parents expect young people to do in the more traditional society?
A. Live far away from them.
B. Choose their own lifestyles.
C. Live in the same area as them.
答案: C
19. What are the young people expected to do in modern society?
A. Find jobs different from those of their parents.
B. Continue the family business.
C. Do whatever their parents expect to.
答案: A
20. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Young people are often educated in the cities where they grew up.
B. The young and the old have different opinions and abilities.
C. Parents and children are likely to have a lot in common.
答案: B
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题: 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
The Adler Planetarium Chicago is home to more than 35, 000 square feet of exhibits. From huge models of the Solar System, to ancient astronomical instruments, to interactive adventures, Adler’s exhibit galleries provide a passageway for you to explore the universe. The Adler also offers mini science exploration activities that are quick 10-minute lessons. Visitors can learn some interesting astronomical facts at these small activity carts.
The Adler Planetarium Chicago is the only museum in the world with two full-size planetarium theaters. Since 1930, the wonder of the stars has been visible in the historic Sky Theater. Powered by brand-new Digistar 3TM technology, the StarRider Theater is a completely digital, virtual (虚拟的) outer space environment. The famous Zeiss Planetarium projector is able to accurately reproduce the movement of every aspect of the night sky.
Do’s and Don’ts:
Do Take the Bus/Train: leave the car at home for this museum trip. The Adler is located within close proximity to public transit.
Don’t Miss the Doane Observatory: when weather permits, the Doane is open at the Adler for observing with its 20-inch diameter
telescope.
Don’t Miss Museum Special Events: the Adler offers a summer camp for kids from mid-June to August.
Ticket Price:
Adult: $28; child: $22. Book online now to save 37%.
Regular Schedule:
Mon. —Fri. : 10 am—4 pm;
Sat. —Sun. : 10 am—4: 30 pm;
Summer Hours: 9: 30 am—6 pm daily.
Nearest Transit: Roosevelt Metro Station
Address: 1300 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605
【文章大意】本文介绍了芝加哥阿德勒天文馆的一些相关信息。
21. What’s the main function of the Adler Planetarium Chicago?
A. Displaying the models of the Solar System.
B. Selling ancient astronomical instruments.
C. Offering a passageway to explore the universe.
D. Giving 10-minute lessons to visitors.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的“From huge models. . . provide a passageway for you to explore the universe. ”可知, 阿德勒天文馆给游客提供了探索太空的途径。
22. What can visitors learn in the StarRider Theater?
A. The history of the Adler Planetarium Chicago.
B. The wonder of the interactive adventures.
C. The complicated Digistar 3TM technology.
D. The movement of the stars in the night sky.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知, 游客在这里能了解到星星在夜空中的运动, 因此选D。
23. How much will a couple and two kids at least spend visiting the Adler?
A. $37. B. $63. C. $28. D. $22.
【解析】选B。数字计算题。根据Ticket Price部分可知, 成年人每人28美元, 儿童22美元, 一对夫妇和两个孩子则是(28×2)+(22×2)=100, 如果在网上订, 则会在总价的基础上优惠37%, 即至少为63美元。
B
Jack Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington. He inherited(继承) a million dollars when he was 23, but he wasn’t happy at all. When his college friends were looking for their jobs, he didn’t have to. Jack decided to live a simple life like everyone else. He gave $10, 000 of his money to a charity(慈善机构)to help poor children live a better life. Today he is 36. He still wears cheap shoes and clothes and drives a small car only, but he is very happy.
Up to now Jack has helped some children from poor countries all over the world, by sending them each$200 a month. The money was used for the children’s study, food, medicine and clothing. Jack receives a report each year on the children’s progress(进步). They can write to each
other, but usually the children do not speak English.
When Jack first heard about these children, he wanted to help them. “It was nothing special, ” he said. “Until I went to these countries and met the children I was helping, I didn’t know anything about their lives. ” Once Jack went to meet a little girl in Africa. He said that the meeting was very exciting. “When I met her, I felt very, very happy. ”he said, “And I saw that the money was used for a good cause. It brought me happiness. I want to do everything I can to go on helping those children. ”
【文章大意】有钱就一定快乐吗? 也许并不一定。
24. Jack didn’t need to look for a job .
A. before he went to college
B. after he went to Africa
C. because he got one million dollars
D. before he received a report
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由He inherited a million dollars when he was 23, but he wasn’t happy at all. When his college friends were looking for their jobs, he didn’t have to. 可知。
25. Jack learned about the children’s progress by .
A. visiting them each year
B. getting a report every year
C. staying with them
D. talking to them in English
【解析】选B。细节理解题。由Jack receives a report each year on the children’s progress. They can write to each other, but usually the children do not speak English. 可知。
26. The underlined words “for a good cause ”mean“ ” in Chinese.
A. 施舍 B. 行善
C. 优惠 D. 赏赐
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。由全文及And I saw that the money was used for a good cause. 可知杰克资助贫困地区孩子上学是在“行善”。
27. What’s the main idea of the story?
A. Help others, and you will feel happy.
B. It’s necessary to write letters to poor children.
C. Live a simple life, and you can give others help.
D. It’s the most important to help the children in Africa.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了杰克原来继承了一大笔遗产却不快乐, 后来他把钱捐出去资助贫困地区孩子上学却因此得到了快乐这样一个故事, 故A可以概括全文。
C
Eco-friendly Vauban, lied in the southwest part of Germany, has everything-tree-lined streets, perfect houses-but it’s missing one urban feature of the last 100 years or so: the car. And Vauban residents don’t mind one bit. Vauban doesn’t ban cars entirely. Rather, it just tries to reduce the use of cars by creating “parking-free” and “car-free” living. In
Vauban, parking spots are a no-no private property. Cars can only be parked in public parking lots, so living without a car saves residents the cost of parking in the public lot. Cars also are prevented from using certain roads and must stick to strict speed limits. With these limitations, fewer than 20 percent of residents own cars. And now, with a population of 5, 500, it’s attracting attention from around the world. Can an eco-friendly city like Vauban be a model for Americans to stop their over-reliance on the cars?
Sometimes when I watch a news report what’s in the back of my mind is what isn’t being reported or stressed. While this eco-friendly city is inspiring in that it shows residents getting exercise and fresh air through the majority use of bicycles, as well as good old-fashioned walking, common sense would tell you that even for a place like Vauban, Germany, it owes its existence to the cars.
Do you think that bicycles were able to transport all the construction materials that were needed to build and maintain the eco-friendly homes and businesses in Vauban? It took cars to help build this city. It’s one of the paradoxes of life that sometimes in order to get away from relying on something like the car, you actually have to rely on that very thing at the beginning and into the foreseeable future to some degree.
I myself haven’t owned a car for more than 14 years, and mostly get around town running, walking, or using public transportation.
There are times I wish I had one, since it would make many things easier, but overall I’m glad not to have to deal with the headaches of owning a car, which caused me to get rid of it in the first place. And all the walking and running has helped to keep me fit and healthy. To get even close to being like eco-friendly Vauban, Americans will need to absolutely change the way they live. Commuting(乘车上下班) patterns will have to change, public transportation will have to be invested in, and so on. And though ending our love affair with the car will be impossible during my lifetime, we may at least start to see more Vauban-like areas in the USA.
We can hope that Americans will consider using their feet more to get around, cutting down on pollution, and giving themselves some more exercise.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文, 在德国的沃邦, 由于一些严格的限制, 只有不到五分之一的居民拥有汽车, 这让沃邦成为生态环保之城, 作者由此认为美国人应该改变生活和交通方式, 希望美国也有沃邦这样的绿色之都。
28. Why don’t over 80% of the residents in Vauban own car?
A. The streets there are very narrow.
B. There are many limitations on the use of cars.
C. The government limits the number of cars.
D. Most cars belong to their public property.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Cars also are prevented from using certain roads and must stick to strict speed limits. With these limitations, fewer than 20 percent of residents own cars. ”可知, 在沃邦, 汽车禁止在某些道路上行驶, 而且还有严格的速度限制, 正是由于这些限制, 只有不到五分之一的居民拥有汽车, 故B项正确。
29. From Paragraph 3 we can know that getting away from cars in cities are .
A. opposite things
B. big shortcomings
C. great strengths
D. firm bases
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知, 自行车不能运输建设和维护沃邦生态环保型住宅所需要的建筑材料, 它们是靠汽车运输的, 这是生活中的矛盾之一。
30. How does the writer feel of not owning a car?
A. Curious. B. Proud.
C. Grateful. D. Regretful.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“but overall I’m glad not to have to deal with the headaches of owning a car, which caused me to get rid of it in the first place. And all the walking and running has helped to keep me fit and healthy. ”可知, 作者很高兴不必处理拥有一辆车带来的麻烦, 而且步行和跑步让作者保持健康,
由此可知作者很感激没有车给自己带来的好处, 故C项正确。
31. What is the attitude towards Americans about the lifestyle according to the writer?
A. Not mentioned.
B. They are not eco-friendly.
C. They have too many cars.
D. They work hard.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。从最后一段可以看出, 作者对美国人的生活和交通方式都不满意, 认为他们不够环保。
D
Some people dream about becoming engineers. Luckily. the new IMAX film Dream Big shows how engineering can improve people’s lives. It teaches viewers how engineers use high-tech to help the world. The film hits IMAX theaters nationwide on February 17 to celebrate Engineers Week.
The film, taking place in locations like China, Dubai and Africa, tells the stories of engineers who try to come up with creative ideas to save energy and help people.
Dream Big was directed by Greg MacGillivray who has 38 films under his belt, including some of the most successful films ever shown in IMAX theaters.
How did MacGillivray get into the movie-making business? “I grew
up at the beach. My first movies were about surfing and the ocean. As time went on, I saw the changes in the ocean including polluting and overfishing. So I started making films about conservation of nature. ” He told TFK. Now, his films cover a variety of topics, from the natural world to human creation.
One of the engineers in Dream Big is Angelica Hernandez. In high school, she was on a team that best MIT, a university, in an underwater robotics competition. Today, the engineering work she does focuses on helping people use less energy and save money and resources. “I work with companies to promote energy efficiency with their commercial customers, so it’s really trying to push forward all the measures that customers and high-energy users can apply. ”she explains.
Engineering is such a good job—you make good money, travel around the world, solve amazing problems and help people. ” She says.
The mission of Dream Big is to show people the good that engineers can do to the world. “That was the impulse of making this movie, ” MacGillivray explains, “We want to explain engineering in a way that will get the kids very excited about it. ” “Whoever and wherever you are, you can become an engineer, ” he adds, “all you need is the creative spirit. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了最新的IMAX电影《梦想之大》,
这部电影讲述了工程师想出有创意的点子来节省能源和帮助人们的故事, 并号召人们向工程师学习。
32. Who are the main characters in Dream Big?
A. Engineers. B. Businessmen.
C. Viewers. D. Environmentalists.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The film, taking place in locations like China, Dubai and Africa, tells the stories of engineers who try to come up with creative ideas to save energy and help people. ”可知, 最新的IMAX电影《梦想之大》介绍了工程师想出有创意的点子来节省能源和帮助人们的故事, 由此可知《梦想之大》的主要人物是工程师, 故A项正确。
33. What do MacGillivray and Angelica Hernandez have in common?
A. They can make robots.
B. They are good at filming.
C. They have won awards in competitions.
D. They care about environmental protection.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“As time went on, I saw the changes in the ocean including polluting and overfishing. So I started making films about conservation of nature. ”可知, 当MacGillivray看到了污染和过度捕捞, 他开始制作关于保护自然的电影; 根据第五段中的“the engineering work she does focuses on helping people use less energy and save money and resources. ”可知, Angelica Hernandez的工作重点是帮助人们使用更少的能源, 节省钱和资源, 由此可知,
这两个人的共同点是都关注环境保护, 故D项正确。
34. What is MacGillivray’s purpose of saying the words in the last paragraph?
A. To advise people to have big dreams.
B. To promote his film Dream Big.
C. To encourage people to be engineers.
D. To share his success of Dream Big.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Whoever and wherever you are, you can become an engineer, ’he adds, ‘all you need is the creative spirit. ’”可知, 无论你是谁, 无论你在哪, 你都可以成为一名工程师, 你所需要的只是创新精神, 由此可知MacGillivray的话的目的是鼓励人们成为工程师, 故C项正确。
35. What can we infer from the text?
A. Angelica Hernandez will act in more films.
B. Dream Big calls on people to learn from engineers.
C. Dream Big encourages people to make money by being engineers.
D. Engineers have done a lot to help directors to develop IMAX films.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The mission of Dream Big is to show people the good that engineers can do to the world. ‘That was the impulse of making this movie’”可知, 《梦想之大》就是为了向人们展示工程师为世界做的好事, 这就是拍这部电影的目的, 由此可知, 《梦想之大》号召人们向工程师学习, 故B项正确。
第二节(共5小题: 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever wondered how the trainers at Sea World get the 19, 000-pound whale to jump 22 feet out of water and perform tricks? They get that whale to go over a rope farther out of the water than most of us can imagine. 36 .
So how do the trainers at Sea World do it? The first thing they do is reinforce(强化) the behavior that they want repeated —in this case, to get the whale to go over the rope. 37 , in a position where the whale can’t help but do what’s expected of it. Every time the whale goes over the rope, it’s given positive reinforcement and gets fed with fish. But what happened when the whale goes under the rope? Nothing — no criticism, no warning and no feedback. 38 .
Positive reinforcement is the key of that simple principle that produces such splendid results. And as the whale begins to go over the rope more often than under, the trainers begin to raise the rope. It must be raised slowly enough so that the whale doesn’t starve.
39 . Make a big deal out of the good and little stuff that we want consistently. Secondly, under-criticize. People know they need help when they mess up. 40 , people will not forget the event and usually will not repeat it.
So we need to set up the circumstances so that people can’t fail. Over-celebrate, under-criticize. . . and know how far to raise the rope.
A. This is a great challenge
B. And the whale stays right where it is
C. If we figure out a way to motivate the whale
D. They start with the rope below the surface of the water
E. If we under-criticize, punish and discipline less than expected
F. Whales are taught that their negative behavior won’t be acknowledged
G. The simple lesson to be learned from the whale trainers is to over-celebrate
答案: 36～40. ADFGE
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节(共20小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 世纪金榜导学号
If we redouble our efforts, our dreams will come true. Chen Zuobin had 41 for 13 years already. Finally, he decided to become a 42 again. Born in a mountain village in Anhui Province, Chen Zuobin walked out of the 43 for study when he was 19. Though he had a 44 life as a creative director of an international agency in Shanghai, he couldn’t 45 the anxiety reflected in his dreams.
“I dreamed about 46 branch roads several times a year. I didn’
t know which one leads to my 47 . It made me feel terrible. ” One day, Chen Zuobin said to his wife, “I want to go home. ” 48 being surprised, his wife said, “ 49 your heart. Don’t worry about me. ”
The young couple returned to their hometown and 50 the Real Food Farm just to lead a real and simple life. Chen Zuobin shook off the 51 and tiredness from too much 52 in the city. Only in the mountains can they enjoy the 53 air. There isn’t the smell of tail gas, but the smell of 54 when it shines over the woods. They live a life of “eating healthily and 55 well.
In a time when eating 56 becomes a luxury(奢侈)in the 57 life, it’s truly a right way to return to the 58 . “Life is a journey of 59 the proper way. ” Said Chen Zuobin.
Those dreams about branch roads have 60 because he has found his own path.
【文章大意】本文讲述了事业有成的陈作斌决定和妻子返回大山过简单的山村生活, 以摆脱城市生活带来的焦虑。
41. A. dreamed B. lived
C. struggled D. hesitated
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。 dream梦想; live居住; struggle挣扎, 努力; hesitate犹豫。前一句说如果我们加倍努力, 我们的梦想就会实现, 此处是说陈作斌已经努力了13年, 故C选项切题。
42. A. villager B. worker
C. manager D. farmer
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。villager村民; worker工人; manager经理; farmer农民。根据本空后的“Born in a mountain village in Anhui Province”可知, 出生在安徽一个山村的陈作斌决定再次成为一个农民, 故D选项切题。
43. A. mountains B. deserts
C. nation D. city
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。 mountain山; desert沙漠; nation国家, 民族; city城市。陈作斌19岁时决定走出大山去学习, 故A选项切题。
44. A. hard B. successful
C. simple D. cozy
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。 hard艰苦的; successful成功的; simple简单的; cozy舒适的, 安逸的。根据本空后的“as a creative director of an international agency in Shanghai”可知, 身为上海一家国际机构的创意总监, 陈作斌的生活是成功的, 故B选项切题。
45. A. remove B. remember
C. expose D. imagine
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。 remove迁移, 去除; remember记住; expose揭露; imagine想象。尽管身为上海一家国际机构的创意总监, 陈作斌仍然无法去除梦中的焦虑, 故A选项切题。
46. A. muddy B. vague
C. countless D. straight
【解析】选 C。考查形容词词义辨析。 muddy泥泞的; vague模糊的; countless无数的; straight直接的。我一年好几次梦到无数的岔路口, 不知道哪条是通往家的路, 故C选项切题。
47. A. Rome B. home
C. future D. destination
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。 Rome罗马; home家; future未来; destination目的地。根据本空后的“I want to go home. ”可知, 我不知道哪条是回家之路, 故B选项切题。
48. A. In terms of B. In spite of
C. In place of D. Instead of
【解析】选 D。考查介词短语辨析。in terms of依据, 按照; in spite of尽管; in place of代替; instead of而不是, 相反。根据本空后的“being surprised, his wife said”可知, 妻子没有惊讶, 反而告诉他追随自己的内心, 故D选项切题。
49. A. Concern B. Observe
C. Follow D. Open
【解析】选 C。考查动词词义辨析。concern涉及; observe观察; follow追随; open打开。妻子没有惊讶, 反而告诉他追随自己的内心, 故C选项切题。
50. A. left B. sold
C. built D. ruined
【解析】选 C。考查动词词义辨析。 leave离开; sell卖; build建造; ruin摧毁。根据本空后的“the Real Food Farm just to lead a real and simple life. ”可知, 夫妇二人建造了农场, 过上了简单的山村生活, 故C选项切题。
51. A. anxiety B. loneliness
C. sadness D. joy
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。 anxiety焦虑; loneliness孤独; sadness悲伤; joy欢乐。根据本空后的“and tiredness from too much”可知, 陈作斌摆脱了过大的工作量带来的焦虑和疲劳, 故A选项切题。
52. A. desire B. workload
C. relation D. money
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。desire欲望, 心意; workload工作量; relation关系; money金钱。焦虑和疲劳是过大的工作量造成的, 故B选项切题。
53. A. warm B. thin
C. smelly D. fresh
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。 warm温暖的; thin薄的; smelly发臭的; fresh新鲜的。在大山里能呼吸到新鲜的空气, 故D选项切题。
54. A. water B. dust
C. sunlight D. smog
【解析】选 C。考查名词词义辨析。 water水; dust灰尘; sunlight阳光; smog烟雾。根据本空后的“when it shines over the woods”可知,
当阳光照耀着树林的时候甚至能闻到阳光的味道, 故C选项切题。
55. A. playing B. sleeping
C. dressing D. studying
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。 play玩耍; sleep睡觉; dress打扮; study学习。根据本空前的“They live a life of ‘eating healthily and’”可知, 他们在大山里吃得健康, 睡眠也很好, 故B选项切题。
56. A. carefully B. quickly
C. properly D. happily
【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。 carefully认真地; quickly快速地; properly适当地; happily快乐地。适当饮食在城市生活中都成为一种奢侈, 是时候返璞归真了, 故C选项切题。
57. A. urban B. real
C. country D. family
【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。 urban城市的; real真实的; country国家; family家庭的。此处是城市生活和山村生活作比较, 故A选项切题。
58. A. nature B. simplicity
C. wildness D. beginning
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。nature自然; simplicity朴素, 简易; wildness野蛮, 荒凉; beginning开始。当适当饮食在城市生活中都成为一种奢侈的时候, 我们该回归简单了, 故B选项切题。
59. A. changing B. directing
C. leading D. finding
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。 change改变; direct指导; lead导致; find发现, 寻找。人生是寻找正确道路的旅程, 故D选项切题。
60. A. faded away B. passed away
C. put away D. run away
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。 fade away逐渐消失; pass away逝世; put away放好; run away逃跑。根据本空后的“because he has found his own path”可知, 那些岔路口的梦逐渐消失了, 因为他已经找到了自己的路, 故A选项切题。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you ever throw away food at home? Have you ever thought about
61. happens to the food that shops and supermarkets don’t sell? Well, you might be shocked 62. (find) out that nearly one third of the food
63. (produce) by food industry gets wasted. What’s more, around 800 million people in the world do not have enough food to lead 64. healthy life.
Many people in the UK are trying to do something about this imbalance and make use 65. thrown-out food that is edible
(可食用的). For example, there is a cafe in Leeds whose meals are created using unsold food from supermarkets, 66. (include) a lot of vegetables, fruit, fish and other items. This unwanted food is turned into delicious soups that feed the hungry people of Leeds. Customers 67. (simple) pay what they can afford, or help with the washing up.
More cafes like this are being opened in other parts of the UK such as Bristol and Manchester, and it is now becoming a worldwide tendency. This is a(n)
68. (amaze) project as food waste is one of the world’s biggest
69. (problem). Also, new law should 70. (pass), so that supermarkets don’t throw away so much perfectly good food!
【文章大意】食品工业生产的食品中有近三分之一被浪费。更重要的是, 世界上大约有8亿人没有足够的食物让他们过上健康的生活。就这一问题英国很多人都在尝试着改变这种不平衡, 利用那些被扔掉的可食用食物。
61. 【解析】what。考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句且从句中缺少主语, 故填what。
62. 【解析】to find。考查非谓语动词。固定短语be shocked to find out“惊讶地发现”, 后跟不定式to do作宾语, 故填to find。
63. 【解析】produced。考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词, 故produce只能作非谓语与逻辑主语food构成被动关系, 故填过去分词produced。
64. 【解析】a。考查冠词。短语lead a healthy life“过健康的生活”, 中间需要加不定冠词a。
65. 【解析】of。考查介词。句意: 在英国, 很多人都在尝试着去改变这种不平衡, 利用那些被扔掉的可食用食物。固定短语make use of“利用”, 故填介词of。
66. 【解析】including。考查介词。unsold food 与a lot of vegetables, fruit, fish and other items之间为包含关系, 故填including。
67. 【解析】simply。考查副词。句意: 顾客只需支付他们所能支付的费用, 或者帮助洗碗。pay为动词, 需用副词修饰, 故填simply。
68. 【解析】amazing。考查形容词。project“项目”为名词, 指物体, 需用-ing结尾的形容词修饰, 形容词作定语, 表示“惊奇的”, 说明事物的特征, 故填amazing。
69. 【解析】problems。考查名词的单复数。句意: 这是一个惊人的项目, 因为食物浪费是世界上最大的问题之一。problem为可数名词, 由one of可知应用复数形式problems。
70. 【解析】be passed。考查被动语态。law与pass之间为被动关系, 且句中有情态动词should, 故填be passed。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分10分)
假设你是Linda的朋友张平, Linda现在正感到生活不快乐, 不健康, 有压力, 可又不知道如何改变自己的生活方式, 于是写信给你, 请求你提些建议。
下面是你提的几点建议, 请你按照以下内容给Linda回一封信(100词左右)
1. 要有足够的睡眠, 至少8小时, 这样才能精力充沛(energetic)、学习积极(active)。
2. 多锻炼是非常重要的。
3. 多吃水果和蔬菜, 禁止吃垃圾食品(junk food)。
4. 学习之余听听音乐可以减轻压力。
5. 尽可能地微笑, 它会帮助你保持快乐的心情、忘记烦恼。
Dear Linda,
If you want to be healthy and happy, you need to have a healthy lifestyle. I have some advice for you and I hope you will follow all of it.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Zhang Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Linda，
If you want to be healthy and happy, you need to have a healthy lifestyle. I have some advice for you and I hope you will follow all of it.
As a young student, you need to get enough sleep, so you need to try to go to bed earlier every night. You should try to sleep for at least 8 hours every day. That will help you be active and energetic for your day at school. Doing more exercise is also very important, and you should remember to eat more vegetables and fruit. You mustn’t eat junk food. It can reduce your stress to listen to music sometimes after studying. Often smiling as often as possible can help you stay happy and forget your troubles.
Yours faithfully,
Zhang Hua
第二节 概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的概要。
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a
friendly way. Henry Ⅳ, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit(好处) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter (后者) position is gaining some ground.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. (要点1)For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. (要点2)However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. (要点3)However, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system. (要点4)
【备选训练】
单句语法填空
1. The boy was prevented(prevent) from buying the toy so he cried and cried.
2. In our class, everyone is in harmony with others.
3. The old computer will be replaced(replace) by a new one.
4. Many consumers(consume) are satisfied with the service the restaurant offers.
5. The book published(publish) last month sells well.
6. The scientist is expert at making new medicine.
7. Lots of people who work in Beijing have to live in rented(rent)houses.
8. Thank you for having a pleasant(please) talk with me.
9. The clothes designed(design) by the designer are popular.
10. Sheets(sheet) of ice can be seen floating in the river.
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