单元综合检测(二)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Museum：The Charles Dickens Museum in London is the world's most important collection of material relating to the great Victorian novelist and social commentator.The only surviving London home of Dickens (from 1837 until 1839)was opened as a museum in 1925 and is still welcoming visitors from all over the world.On the four floors，visitors can see paintings，rare editions，manuscripts，original furniture and many items relating to the life of one of the most popular and beloved personalities of the Victorian age.
Opening Hours：The Museum is open from Mondays to Saturdays 10：00—17：00；Sundays 11：00—17：00.Last admission is 30 minutes before closing time.
Special opening times can be arranged for groups，who may wish to book a private view.
Admission Charges：Adults：￡5.00；Students：￡4.00；Seniors：￡4.00；Children：￡3.00；Families：￡14.00 (2 adults & up to five children)．
Group Rates：For a group of 10 or more，a special group rate of ￡4.00 each applies.Children will still be admitted for ￡3.00 each.
Access：We are constantly working to improve access to the Museum.Our current projects involve the fitting of a wheelchair ramp (活动坡道) for better access and an audio tour for visitors with impaired vision.Our Handling Sessions (亲身体验活动)are also suitable for the visually impaired.The Museum has developed an online virtual tour through the Museum.Click here to visit all the rooms in the Museum online.
Hire the Museum：The Museum can be hired for private functions，parties and many other social occasions.
Find Us：The Museum may be reached by using the following buses：7,17,19,38,45,46,55,243.And by these underground services：Piccadilly Line；Central
Line.For a map，please click here.The British Museum and the Foundling Museum are within walking distance.
【语篇解读】 本文讲的是一个伦敦的查尔斯狄更斯博物馆，有来自世界各地的游客到博物馆去旅游。此文给我们介绍了博物馆的开放时间，入馆费用包括成人、学生、小孩，我们也可以对博物馆的藏品进行访问，也可以查看博物馆内的房间。
1．Compared to going there separately，if a family with two adults and four children go to the Museum together they will save .
A．￡22.00 B．￡14.00
C．￡11.00 D．￡8.00
D [细节理解题。根据“Admission Charges：Adults：￡5.00；Students：￡4：00；Seniors：￡4.00；Children：￡3.00；Families：￡14.00 (2 adults & up to five children)．”可知，如果分开去，他们总共要花费22英镑，如果组团去的话，他们只需要花费14英镑，则他们可以节省8英镑。故选D。]
2．According to the passage，which of the following statements is true?
A．Anyone cannot hire the Museum for other uses.
B．Visitors with poor vision cannot enjoy the Museum.
C．The Museum is not very far from the British Museum.
D．In any case people cannot visit the Museum after 17：00.
C [细节理解题。根据“The Museum may be reached by using the following buses：7,17,19,38,45,46,55,243.And by these underground services：Piccadilly Line；Central Line.For a map，please click here.The British Museum and the Foundling Museum are within walking distance.”可判断出，大英博物馆和基金会博物馆都在步行的范围内。可知博物馆不是很远。故选C。]
3．The passage is probably from a .
A．magazine B．website
C．guidebook D．newspaper
B [推理判断题。根据“The Museum has developed an online virtual tour through the Museum.Click here to visit all the rooms in the Museum online.”可知，点击这里可以查看博物馆内的所有房间。则此篇文章应在一个网站上。故选B。]
B
The power of humor and laugher is numerous.They entertain us and make us feel good.But，above all，we have discovered that humor and laughter are the best medicine.They relieve pain，reduce stress and anxiety，and are antiaging and longevity facilitators (促进者)．
They are extremely necessary for helping us to find and maintain a balance between life and work.However，they are slipping away from us.We have become far too serious.The only ones who still enjoy humor，laughter，fun and play to the fullest are young children.Children tend to laugh an average of 200 times a day.For adults，however，it is a totally different story.
In the 1950s people laughed on average 18 times a day.Today，we are lucky if we average between 4—6 times a day.
As a matter of fact，a recent study found that people laugh 6 more times in the presence of one person but 30 more times in a group of people.You can get a chuckle(咯咯笑)from jokes you get on the Internet，but it is not the same as belly jiggling laughter (a deep laugh)you get when you interact with others.
Socializing(交际)with friends and relatives was much looked forward to.However，this is no longer the case.In fact，the majority of people can hardly find time，nor do they have the inclination towards socializing outside home.They turn to electronic media such as television，computers，the Internet，videos，CDs，and audio equipment，which can provide them with instant selfentertainment at the push of a button.
The workplace does not fare(进展)much better.Due to the pressures to produce more in the same or fewer hours available and to compete，for example，in a manufacturing field with cheaper labor elsewhere in the world，humor and laughter in the workplace have gradually eroded (逐渐毁坏)away.
I have developed a real appreciation，perhaps closer to a strong desire for the power of humor and laughter.This encouraged me to write my first book titled “The Power of Humor”and subsequently my second book titled “Kids Say the Goggonest Things”based on the natural humor，laughter，play and fun that kids experience and they freely share with parents，grandparents and teachers.
From writing about humor and laughter，people start to ask me to speak up for them.To date，I have developed a number of humor－laughter topics that I use in my keynote presentations.You are invited to subscribe to my free monthly emagazine “The Humormeister's Forum”by clicking on the Free Humor Ezine navigation button on the website.
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了作者认为幽默和笑声有助于健康，与他人互动得到笑的次数才会更多，也才会笑得更发自内心。但现在人们既没时间，也没有在外面与他人社交的趋向。人们可通过点击幽默电子杂志上的导航按钮上作者的幽默论坛参与幽默话题互动，从而获得更多的健康笑声。
4．According to the author，laughter is leaving us partly because .
A．the pace of change in our lives is becoming faster
B．we fail to reflect on fun times in our lives
C．we treat everything in a serious way
D．humor of situations lies beneath
C [推理判断题。根据第二段中“We have become far too serious.”我们变得太严肃了。选项中只有C项“我们以一种很严肃的方式对待事物”符合语意。故选C。]
5．The fourth paragraph mainly tells us that .
A．researchers have made a new discovery about the effect of laughter
B．people laugh more heartily when spending time with others
C．we can entertain ourselves with the help of the Internet
D．getting a deep laugh nowadays is difficult
B [推理判断题。阅读第四段内容可知人们在聊天互动中笑的次数更多，更发自内心地笑。四选项中只有B项“人们在与其他人在一起时笑得更发自内心”。故选B。]
6．The underlined word “inclination”in Paragraph 5 most probably means “ ”．
A．destination B．tendency
C．attitude D．approach
B [猜测词义题。画线部分句意是“
事实上，大多数人很难找到时间，他们也没有在外面成为社交家的倾向。”destination目的地；tendency倾向，趋势；attitude态度；approach方法；途径。故选B。]
7．Which of the following articles can we most probably find in “The Humormeister's Forum”？
A．The power of honesty.
B．Don't be your own worst enemy.
C．Live life purposefully：The relationship within.
D．Funny Christmas stories to share with your loved ones.
D [推理判断题。根据文章最后一句内容可知，作者的文章可在幽默电子杂志上找到，故只有D项符合。故选D。]
C
Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships.For example，in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.Yet it also has other uses.A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child.A smile may show love or politeness.It can also hide true feelings.It often causes confusion (困惑)across cultures.For example，many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper.Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities)．Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places；some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough.In Southeast Asian culture，a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感)，but we should not attempt to “read”people from another culture as we would “read”someone from our own culture.The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.Rather，there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted.For example，in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do.When with friends，Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States.People from certain cultural
backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others.The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotions are different.If we judge according to our own cultural habits，we may make the mistake of “reading”the other person incorrectly.
【语篇解读】 文章通篇阐述了面部表情的种种表现形式，以及文化之间的差异导致的面部表情的含义不同。
8．What does the smile usually mean in the US?
A．Joy. B．Politeness.
C．Love. D．Thankfulness.
A [细节理解题。由第一段第二句“For example，in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure”可知，在美国文化中，一般地说，微笑是快乐的表情。此处joy是pleasure的同义词。故选A。]
9．The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can .
A．show friendliness to strangers
B．be used to hide true feelings
C．be used in the wrong places
D．show personal habits
B [写作意图题。根据文章第一段中的“It can also hide true feelings.It often causes confusion (困惑)across cultures.”可知这是一个中心句，其后用例证法阐述：微笑能隐藏真正的感情。它常常导致跨文化间的困惑。其中越南人讲故事的例子就是为了说明这一观点。故选B。]
10．What should we do before attempting to “read”people?
A．Learn about their relations with others.
B．Figure out what they will do next.
C．Find out about their past experience.
D．Understand their cultural backgrounds.
D [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotions are different.If we judge according to our own cultural habits，we may make the mistake of “reading”the other person incorrectly.”可知，我们在“读”
人们的表情的时候，要理解他们的文化背景，否则，就会出错。所以选D。]
11．What would be the best title for the test?
A．Cultural Differences B．Smiles and Relationship
C．Facial Expressiveness D．Habits and Emotions
C [主旨大意题。文章通篇阐述了面部表情的种种表现形式，以及文化之间的差异导致的面部表情的含义不同。所以C正确。]
D
Since the 1970s，scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.Braincomputer interface (界面) (BCI)technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.
Recently，two researchers，Jose Milan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic schooling Lausanne，Switzerland，demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person's thoughts.
In the laboratory，Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“Our brain has billions of nerve cells.These send signals through the spinal cord(脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move.But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles，”Tavella says.“Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user.This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮)and sends them to a computer.The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair.The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path.They help the computer react to commands from the brain.
Prof.Milan，the team leader，says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands.“The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories：communication，and controlling devices.One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals.One is testing with real patients，so as to prove
that this is a technology they can benefit from.And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了一种新的技术能够把电脑和人脑连接起来，帮助那些残疾人。
12．BCI is a technology that can .
A．help to update computer systems
B．link the human brain with computers
C．help the disabled to recover
D．control a person's thoughts
B [细节理解题。根据第一段“scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.Braincomputer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.”可知B正确。]
13．How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?
A．By controlling his muscles.
B．By talking to the machine.
C．By moving his hand.
D．By using his mind.
D [细节理解题。根据第三段“Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.”说明是通过思考来控制轮椅的，故D正确。]
14．The team will test with real patients to .
A．make profits from them
B．prove the technology useful to them
C．make them live longer
D．learn about their physical condition
B [细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“One is testing with real patients，so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.”说明B正确。]
15．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．Switzerland，the BCI Research Center
B．New Findings About How the Human Brain Works
C．BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled
D．Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
C [主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一种新的技术能够把电脑和人脑连接起来帮助那些残疾人。故C正确。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done. 16 ，there are several ways to handle things.Let's take a look at them now.
17 .Tell the person you're sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you，have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you'll find them then. 18 .It can help to eliminate(消除)future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone，don't do it in your own office. 19 ，it's much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.
If you have a door to your office，make good use of it. 20 .If someone knocks and it's not an important matter，excuse yourself and let the person know you're busy so they can get the hint(暗示)that when the door is closed，you're not to be disturbed.
A．If you're busy，don't feel bad about saying no
B．When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C．Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes
D．If you're in the other person's office or in a public area
E．It's important that you let them know when you'll be available
F．It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G．Leave it open when you're available to talk and close it when you're not
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何避免工作时受到打扰提出了几点建议。
16．B [解本题可用关联逻辑法。空格后说“有几种方法来处理这些情况”
，B项“当你想在工作中避免受到打扰时”与上下文衔接紧密，故为答案。本设空类型为细节理解类。]
17．A [解本题可用设题位置法。设空处位于段首，根据后文提到的告诉对方你很抱歉、向对方解释你有很多事情要做以及另约时间可知，本段是讲述在自己很忙的时候不要不好意思拒绝，故选A项。本设空类型为段落主题句类。]
18．E [解本题可用关联逻辑法。空格前说“当人们试图打扰你时，你要确定好时间，让他们知道什么时候回来找你或者你去找他们”，空格后说“这样做能帮你消除未来受到打扰的可能”，E项“让他们知道你什么时候有空非常重要”与上下文衔接紧密，故为答案。本设空类型为细节理解类。]
19．D [解本题可用词汇锁定法。空格前的in your own office与D项中的in the other person's office相对应。D项“如果你在别人的办公室或者公共区域”与空格后的内容衔接紧密，故为答案。本设空类型为细节理解类。]
20．G [解本题可用句意判断法。根据空格前的“如果你的办公室有门，那么就好好利用它”可知，本段主要讲述如何利用办公室的门来避免受到打扰，故选G项。本设空类型为过渡句类。]
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I received 3 missed calls from a number I didn't recognize today.I assumed it was something to do with an accident I had recently.I was ready to answer 21 when the number called the 4th time.Instead，I was asked if I was Jessica and if I had 22 anything.I said I didn't think so and 23 who it was.
It was a man called Darren who 24 he was behind me in the shop this morning.As I was leaving，my purse 25 .He picked it up and looked around to see where I had gone but he couldn't see me anymore.So he opened my purse and called the 26 inside it.
I have just been to meet him to get my purse back，only to find out Darren is 27 and lives rough in the streets of Cardiff.He even apologized as he said he had taken out some 28 to call me to return my purse.But 29 a few pounds used to contact me，everything was all still 30 .I admit that I wouldn't have blamed him if he'd
spent more of the 31 .
I felt 32 that someone returned it，and that the person who returned it was someone who had 33 .It made me realize not only was I lucky that my purse was found by someone 34 ，but that I was going to a warm home.
The 35 would be a much better place with more kind people like Darren in it.
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的钱包失而复得的故事告诉我们：只要人人都能够善良对待他人，我们的世界将会变成更美好的人间。
21．A.gently B．gratefully
C．humorously D．eagerly
D [根据上句可推知，作者渴望(eagerly)去接这通电话。]
22．A.explored B．bought
C．lost D．checked
C [根据第二段和第三段的描述可推知，Darren捡到了作者的钱包，因此打电话问作者是否丢了(lose)什么东西。]
23．A.forgot B．remembered
C．suspected D．asked
D [根据语境可知，作者接电话时并不知道打电话的人是谁，因此作者问(ask)对方是谁。]
24．A.explained B．requested
C．repeated D．believed
A [根据语境可推知，Darren向作者解释(explain)了事情的经过。]
25．A.broke B．failed
C．dropped D．disappeared
C [根据语境可知，作者离开商店的时候，钱包掉在(drop)地上了。]
26．A.card B．address
C．bill D．number
D [根据语境可知，Darren找不到作者，于是打开作者的钱包，拨打了里面的号码(number)。]
27．A.hopeful B．helpful
C．homeless D．speechless
C [根据本句中的lives rough in the streets of Cardiff可推知，Darren是一个无家可归的(homeless)人。]
28．A.pictures B．change
C．tickets D．jewelry
B [根据上文可推知，Darren很穷，他不得不从作者的钱包里拿出一些零钱(change)给作者打电话。]
29．A.in spite of B．in terms of
C．owing to D．apart from
D [根据语境及该句中的But可推知，Darren除了(apart from)从作者的钱包里拿出几英镑和作者联系，其余的东西都没动。]
30．A.untouched B．unlimited
C．classified D．consumed
A [参见上题解析。untouched“原封未动”符合语境。]
31．A.time B．effort
C．cash D．energy
C [作者承认，即使Darren从自己的钱包里多拿一些现金(cash)，作者也不会责怪他。]
32．A.embarrassed B．surprised
C．worried D．relaxed
B [作者的钱包丢了，有人捡到并归还给作者，而且这个人一无所有，作者为此感到惊讶(surprise)。]
33．A.everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
D [参见上题解析。nothing“没有什么”符合语境。]
34．A.familiar B．polite
C．honest D．wise
C [根据语境可知，这件事让作者意识到自己是幸运的，自己丢失的钱包被一个诚实的(honest)人捡到，并且作者将回到一个温暖的家。]
35．A.shop B．world
C．environment D．street
B [根据语境可知，如果这个世界有更多像Darren这样善良的人的话，这个世界(world)将会是一个更好的人间。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories，36. (destroy) fourteen homes.Seven others were so badly damaged 37. their owners had to leave them，and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs.One person was killed，several were 38. (serious) hurt and taken to hospital，and a number of other people received smaller hurt.Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
A farmer，Mr.Tan，said that the storm began early 39. the morning and lasted for over an hour.“I 40. (eat)with my wife and children，”he said，“when we heard a loud noise.A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.We tried our best 41. (climb)out but then I saw that one of my children was 42. (miss)，I went back inside and found him，safe 43. very frightened.”
Mrs.Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she 44. (feel) that her house was moving.She ran outside at once with her children....
“There was no time to take anything，”she said，“A few minutes later，the roof came down.”
Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare(民政，福利)department brought 45. (they)food，clothes and shelter.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍一次大的风暴给the New Territories的两个村子带来的灾难。
36．destroying [现在分词作自然的结果状语，故填destroying。]
37．that [固定搭配：so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句，故填that。]
38．seriously [副词修饰动词，故填seriously。]
39．in [习惯用语：in the morning在上午，故填in。]
40．was eating [句意：我正在和我的妻子、孩子吃饭，这时候听到了大的噪音。根据句意可知用过去进行时态，故填was eating。]
41．to climb [固定搭配：try one's best to do sth.尽最大努力做某事，故填to climb。]
42．missing [句意：我的一个孩子丢了。故填missing。]
43．but [句意：安全而害怕。故填but。]
44．felt [句意：她丈夫刚刚去上班，这时候她感到她的房子在移动。固定句式：had done...when...did...，刚刚做完某事，这时候……，故填felt。]
45．them [句意：福利部门带给他们食物。可知填them。]
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你校英语报开设了一个介绍经典英文电影的专栏，请根据下面的提示为该栏目写一篇介绍喜剧电影《三傻大闹宝莱坞》的短文。
注意：
1．词数：80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
《三傻大闹宝莱坞》(Three Idiots)
导演：Rajkumar Hirani(拉库马·希拉尼)
故事梗概：
法兰(Farhan)、拉祖(Raju)和兰乔(Rancho)三个好朋友是帝国理工学院(Imperial College of Engineering)的学生。Farhan热爱摄影，却遵循父亲的意愿成了一名工程师；Raju从小背负着帮助全家摆脱贫困的重担；Rancho则敢于挑战院长的权威，认为成功意味着勇敢追逐自己的梦想。
【参考范文】
Three Idiots，directed by Rajkumar Hirani，is a story based on the life of three college students.
Farhan，Raju and Rancho，who get on well with each other，are three students of the Imperial College of Engineering.Farhan loves taking photos，but he has to follow his father's will to be an engineer.Raju also lives under too much pressure，because he has to study hard to get his family out of poverty.Rancho is different.He has the courage to challenge the president's authority.He says that success means seeking dreams bravely.
This film is a comedy and worth watching.It conveys a strong message to audiences that we should follow our heart，be brave and do what is beneficial and interests us most.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In many societies，there is often greater acceptance of light skin than dark skin.Light skin may be seen as a mark of beauty，intelligence and success.These beliefs can lead to social pressure even within the same racial or ethnic group，if some members are darker skinned than others.
The result is that skin lightening has become a common activity across Africa，Asia and other areas of the world.More and more people with dark skin are using skinlightening products，even if they may face health risks.
They believe that having whiter skin will improve their lives.Many people think they will have a better chance of getting a job or marrying into a better family.Or they want to look like what their society generally considers beautiful.
Some beauty care products and soaps contain chemicals that make skin lighter.This process is also called bleaching(漂白)．But some of the chemicals are extremely dangerous.One of the chemicals has been linked to kidney (肾)damage and some kinds of cancer.It also causes low birth weight in babies when mothers use it during pregnancy.
At first，bleaching products make the skin color lighter.But after longterm use they can cause problems.They can even make some skin darker.The chemicals in the products block and break down the natural process that gives color to skin.The skin loses its natural barrier to protect against sunlight.Then the skin can become thick and discolored.Usually the person will use more of the product in an effort to correct the problem，but this only makes it worse.
Doctor Ly，who works in a hospital，says the chemicals are now more dangerous
because they are stronger.Some cases have resulted in blackened fingernails，infections and permanent skin damage.And these are not the only risks.Experts say some people who change their skin color suffer emotional damage.They feel regret and sadness.They feel that instead of risking their health，they should have learned to love and accept their skin color as it was.
【参考范文】
Many people prefer light skin to dark skin believing that it helps improve their life and caters to the social standard of beauty.Therefore，it is common to try skinlightening products.(要点一) However，bleaching containing chemicals has longlasting harmful effects on physical condition and emotions.(要点二) What's worse，it may fail to achieve expected results.(要点三) Thus，people who tried the products realize they should not put their health at risk but accept their natural colors.(要点四)
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