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课时素养评价 十
Unit 4 Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. There were only three of us on the advanced (advance) course.
【补偿训练】
The tickets of football games often sell out well in advance.
2. The two sets of figures are not significantly (significant) different.
【补偿训练】
We should keep in mind that teamwork is of great significance (significant) to both our society and ourselves.
3. The software enables you to access (access) the Internet in seconds.
4. This year water levels in the Yangtze are unusually (unusual) high.
5. I preferred jazz to rock music during that time.
6. When I’m tired, I tend to make (make) mistakes.
【补偿训练】
I have a tendency (tend)to talk too much when I’m nervous.
7. Thanks to our hard work, we can finish the task on time.
8. I will always keep in mind what had happened among us.
9. What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
10. As everyone knows, China is a beautiful country with a long history.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
lose track of, thanks to, communicate with, stay in touch with, up to, keep in mind, share. . . with
1. Sue shares a house with three other students.
2. What he is up to is watched over by his parents.
3. He promised to stay in touch with us while he was abroad.
4. You need to keep in mind that you should keep calm when in trouble.
5. Teacher showed us how to communicate with each other in English.
6. Thanks to teacher’s help, I have made great progress in my English.
7. In order to avoid losing track of your friend, you’d better call your friend now and then.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. What if you get a bad job and have a poor income?
要是你得到一份不好的工作, 收入低怎么办?
2. You have our support, whatever you decide.
不管你作何决定, 都会得到我们的支持。
3. Even if we achieve great success in our work, we should not be conceited. 即使我们在工作中取得了很大的成绩, 也不应该自满。
4. What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. 曾经被认为不可能的事情, 现在已经变成了事实。
5. As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
正如我们所知, 吸烟有害健康。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Jack threw the papers on my desk. “Next time you want to change anything, ask me first, ” he said. I had changed a long sentence and corrected its grammar—something I thought I was paid to do.
Several days later, he made me angry again. I went to his office, prepared to lose my job if need be, but not before I let the man know how I felt. “What? ” he said nervously.
Suddenly I knew what I had to do. “Jack, the way you’ve been treating me is wrong. And it’s wrong for me to allow it to continue, ” I said. “I want to make you a promise. I will be a friend. ” The next day I brought some cakes to Jack’s office. Every time I saw Jack in the hall, I smiled at him. After all, that’s what friends do.
One year after our talk, I was told that I had breast cancer. When I was in hospital, my friends tried to find the right words to say, but no one could. The last day of my hospital stay, the door opened and Jack walked over to my bed. “Tulips (郁金香), ” he placed some bulbs beside me and said, “If you plant them when you get home, you’ll be there to see them when they come up. ” Tears filled my eyes.
In a moment when I prayed for just the right words, a man with few words said the right thing. After all, that’s what friends do. Now, I have seen those tulips push through the soil every spring for over ten years.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和朋友Jack之间的故事。告诉读者: 相互尊重才会得到真诚的友谊。
1. Why did Jack throw some papers on the author’s desk?
A. She gave him the wrong papers.
B. He thought her report was very bad.
C. He wanted her to check them again.
D. He didn’t agree with her correction.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知Jack并不认同作者对他的论文的修改, 认为作者未询问他就修改论文是对他的不尊重, 所以才会对作者发脾气。
2. What promise did the author make to Jack?
A. She would work harder from then on.
B. She would treat him like a friend.
C. She would bring him some cakes.
D. She would treat him the same way.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中“I want to make you a promise. I will be a friend. ”可知作者对Jack发誓会像朋友一样对待他。
3. The tulip bulbs that Jack gave the author probably suggest ______.
A. love B. honor C. hope D. thanks
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知Jack告诉作者“回家的时候, 如果你把它们都种下去, 当它们发芽的时候, 你就能够看见它们”, 这是Jack鼓励作者乐观面对困境所说的话, 让作者对生活充满希望。句中把郁金香球茎比喻为生活的希望。
4. What did the author mean by saying “that’s what friends do”?
A. Friends must help each other to correct mistakes.
B. Friends should give advice to each other at the right time.
C. Friends should do anything for each other.
D. Friends should treat each other with respect and kindness.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中“The next day I brought some cakes to Jack’s office. Every time I saw Jack in the hall, I smiled at him. ”可知作者把Jack当成她的朋友, 每次见面都笑脸相迎, 善意对待朋友。所以“that’s what friends do”就是指朋友之间相互尊敬。
B 世纪金榜导学号
When we were very small, we realized that having friends was important. Some of us even had imaginary(想象中的)friends. The need for friends continued as we grew into our teens. Friends played a big part in forming our personalities(性格). As adults, it is still important for us to have friends.
True friends are people who like us though we make mistakes and who listen to us and tell us the truth. Friends support our decisions and tell us when we’re foolish. They laugh with us and share our sadness. They
are our partners and share interests with us. They stimulate us when we are feeling down. They are people we aren’t afraid of telling our secret wishes to or what is really on our minds.
Friends are our supporters. When you can depend on friends, you feel safe and warm. Friends offer acceptance and emotional(情感的)support. At times, they also help with our everyday lives, cooking a meal, doing chores, or giving us a lift when we need one. Friends also are there to offer advice, an ear to listen, or a shoulder to cry on.
Friends also help us reduce stress. Not only do they listen to us when we feel stressed, but they also discuss what is stressing us. Sharing interests and doing activities with friends help us forget about problems at work or at home. For a short time, we can lose ourselves in a pleasant activity and perhaps laugh and breathe more easily.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了人们需要朋友以及朋友的重要性。
5. What is the best title for the passage?
A. How to Reduce Stress
B. How to Make New Friends
C. The Importance of Friends
D. The Qualities of Good Friends
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读文章可知, 全文讲述人们需要朋友以及朋友的重要性。
6. The underlined word“stimulate” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A. educate B. encourage
C. surprise D. dislike
【解析】选B。词义推测题。根据本句“They stimulate us when we are feeling down. ”可知在我们情绪低落时, 他们显然是会“激励, 鼓励”我们。
7. We can learn from the third paragraph that friends always ______.
A. laugh at us when we’re foolish
B. tell us other people’s secrets
C. share our sadness and interests
D. support us when we need help
【解析】选D。细节推理题。由第三段的第一句“Friends are our supporters. ”可知, 本段主要讲述朋友是我们的支持者。
8. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. people should make friends anytime
B. friends are people who allow you to cry
C. a friend helps you in many ways
D. good friends are always difficult to meet
【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章讲述的就是朋友的重要性。
【阅读多维训练】
1. True friends are people who like us though we make mistakes.
译文: 真正的朋友是虽然我们犯错, 但是仍然喜欢我们的人。
句式仿写: Volunteers are people who want to help others and ask for nothing.
2. Not only do they listen to us when we feel stressed, but they also discuss what is stressing us.
分析: 本句是not only. . . but also连接的并列句。not only置于句首要部分倒装。
译文: 当我们感到有压力的时候, 他们不仅倾听我们的心声, 而且也和我们探讨让我们感到压力的事情。
3. 文章结构分析
Para 1(总)
the importance of friendship
Friends played a big role in forming our (1)personalities.
Para 2(分)
the character of a true friend
Like us even when we make (2)mistakes;
support our (3)decisions;
share our (4)happiness and sadness;
(5)encourage us when we feel down.
Para 3(分)
friends are our supporters
Feel (6)safe and warm with friends;
sometimes help us do something;
offer us (7)advice; to be our listeners.
Para 4(分)
Sharing (8)interests and doing activities
friends also help us reduce stress
to let us forget our problems.
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
How old is “old”?
How old is “old”? 1 Two hundred years ago, you were old at 35. That was the average life then. At the turn of this century, as medical knowledge advanced, the average life span(长度) increased to 45. In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.
So, how old is old? The answer is one you’ve heard many times, from all sorts of people. “You are as old (or young) as you feel! ” The calendar(日历) simply tells you how many years you have lived. 2
Once an unknown author wrote, “ 3 Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by giving up their goals. ”
4 Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging, said, “It upsets me when people say, ‘Gee, you look young for your age! ’ What does that mean? Is there some model that you’re supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85? You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80. ”
There are many wrong ideas about aging. 5 Here are some of the more common ones. For example, most older people are in poor health, or older people are unable to change.
A. Old is a point of view.
B. It’s extremely terrible to be grown old.
C. The answer has changed over the years.
D. Your body tells you how well you’ve lived.
E. Older people are stubborn, unable to change.
F. Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind.
G. These ideas stereotype (固化) people on the basis of age.
【文章大意】本文为夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了到底多大才算是老年人, 后来总结出心态比实际年龄更重要这一观点。并以“aging”为话题展开讨论, 意在教育人们要保持一颗不老的心灵; 永怀远大理想。
1. 【解析】选C。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空是后面一段的中心句。根据后面的内容“Two hundred years ago, . . . At the turn of this century, . . . In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years. ”可知, 对于“老年”的定义, 多年来一直在变。分析选项, 可知C(老年的定义这些年一直在变)符合题意, 故选C。
2. 【解析】选D。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“The calendar simply tells you how many years you have lived”可知, 日历只告诉你活了多少岁, 但是身体告诉你, 自己是有多年轻。分析选项可知D项(Your body tells you how well you’ve lived. )符合题意, 故选D。
3. 【解析】选F。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by
giving up their goals”可知“没人因为活了许多岁变老了, 只是由于无法实现自己的目标知道自己老了”。可知, 青春不是你活了多久, 而是一种精神状态。分析选项, 可知F符合题意, 故选F。
4. 【解析】选A。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格是一段的中心句。根据后面文章的内容可知, 老还是年轻, 是取决于自己的观点。分析选项可知, A项(老是一种观点)符合题意, 故选A。
5. 【解析】选G。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本小题也是一段的中心句。根据“For example, most older people are in poor health, or older people are unable to change”。可知, 这些想法都是根据年龄作的比较常见的评价。由此可知, 对于年老这件事, 许多都是人们对此的固化想法。分析选项可知G项(这些基于年龄的观点是固有的)符合题意, 故选G。
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