高三模拟考试
英语试题
本试卷共三部分，共 10 页。满分 120 分。考试时间 100 分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡上交。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Heritage on the Edge
In an effort to preserve some of the world’s most famous landmarks，Google has announced a new project to
transform a few of the most endangered by climate change into interactive 3D models，just in case one or all is
irreparably(不能恢复地)damaged in the coming decades.
Edinburgh Castle
Edinburgh Castle comprises 27 buildings on top of an extinct volcano. It was home to many kings and queens.
But old roofs and rainwater management systems will become insufficient as they will be unable to deal with the
level of storm water associated with extreme weather events. Besides，if temperatures continue to rise，the rate of
decay(腐烂)will increase further.
Kilwa Kisiwani
Kilwa Kisiwani was a regional center of the medieval trading civilization along the East African Coast. Its
permanent architecture included ports，Muslim buildings，and the unique“stone houses”. However，the drier
weather and subsequently heavy rainfall is threatening the stability of the ruins，causing the worsening of this
exposed heritage site.
Mosque City of Bagherat
The Mosque City of Bagherat was once a lost city. It has many Muslim buildings，bridges，roads and palaces.
A recent report stressed the increasing impacts of sea level rise and changes in salinity(盐度)on this community.
Increased salinity not only makes much of the water undrinkable but damages structures.
Chan Chan
Chan Chan was the capital city of Chimu empire，stretching for nearly a thousand kilometers along the
coastline. The city planning reflects a strict political and social strategy. But site managers today face challenges in
rainfall and droughts due to El Nino events and climate change that threaten to gradually wash the ancient city
away.
1. What do we know about Edinburgh Castle?
A. It was built along the coast. B. It is the largest castle in the world.
C. It is in danger of being washed away. D. It used to be the home of royal families.
2. Which of the following phenomena is happening in the Mosque City of Bagherat?
A. Water pollution. B. Water’s becoming salty.
C. Water shortage. D. Water’s being overused.
3. What is probably the biggest threat to the above sites?
A. Temperature rises. B. Volcanic eruptions.
C. Sea water. D. Environmental damage.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于气候变化的影响，四个面临濒危的地标性建筑。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It was home to many kings and queens. ”（它是许多国王和王后
的家。）可知，Edinburgh Castle 曾是皇室的家园。故选 D。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“A recent report stressed the increasing impacts of sea level rise and
changes in salinity(盐度)on this community. Increased salinity not only makes much of the water undrinkable but
damages structures.”（最近的一份报告强调了海平面上升和盐度的变化对这一社区日益增加的影响。盐度的
增加不仅使大量的水不能饮用，而且破坏建筑物。）可知，在清真寺城市巴赫拉特，水变得越来越咸。故选
B。
3.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“…, Google has announced a new project to transform a few of the most
endangered by climate change into…”（谷歌宣布了一项新计划将一些最受气候变化威胁的地区改造
成......）可知，这四个地标性建筑最大的威胁可能是温度的上升。故选 A。
B
A 17-year-old Bangladeshi boy has won this year’s International Children’s Peace Prize for his work to fight
cyberbullying(网络欺凌)in his country.
The prize winner，Sadat Rahman，promised to keep fighting online abuse until it no longer exists. “The fight
against cyberbullying is like a war，and in this war I am a fearless fighter，”Sadat Rahman said during a ceremony
on November 13 in The Hague，the Netherlands. He added，“If everybody keeps supporting me，then together we
will win this battle against cyberbullying. ”
Rahman developed a mobile phone application that provides education about online bullying and a way to
report cases of it. He said he began his work on the project after hearing the story of a 15-year-old girl who took her
own life as a result of cyberbullying. “I will not stop until were receive no more cases through the app，”Rahman
said at the ceremony.
The award comes with a fund of over $118，000，which is invested by the KidsRights Foundation. The group
chooses projects to support causes that ale closely linked to the winner’s work.
Past well-known winners of the prize include Pakistani human rights activist Malala Yousafzai and Swedish
climate activist Greta Thunberg. And the students who organized the March for Our Lives event in 2018 after a
deadly mass shooting at their school in the American state of Florida also won the prize.
Yousafzai praised Rahman’s work during the ceremony. She spoke through video conferencing. “All children
have the fight to be protected from violence no matter if it is physical or mental，offline or online，”she said.
“Cyberbullying damages that fight. ”
4. What does Sadat Rahman devote himself to?
A. Battling online violence. B. Helping poor children.
C. Being a brave fighter. D. Removing school bullying.
5. What caused Sadat Rahman to start his project?
A. People’s lack of education. B. His own experience of being bullied.
C. A girl’s death from cyberbullying. D. The wide use of mobile phone apps.
6. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. The March for Our Lives event. B. Human rights activists in the world.
C. A horrible mass school shooting. D. Some previous winners of the prize.
7. What can we infer from Yousafzai’s words?
A. Rahman’s efforts have paid off.
B. Cyberbullying should be got rid of.
C. All children have the right to fight against violence.
D. Children are faced with physical and mental bullying.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了孟加拉国一名 17 岁男孩因反网络霸凌获得了今年的国际儿
童和平奖。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The prize winner, Sadat Rahman, promised to keep fighting online
abuse until it no longer exists”（诺贝尔和平奖得主萨达特•拉赫曼(Sadat Rahman)承诺将继续打击网络暴力，
直到它不复存在为止。）可知，萨达特·拉赫曼致力于打击网络暴力。故选 A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“He said he began his work on the project after hearing the story of a
15-year-old girl who took her own life as a result of cyberbullying.”（他说，他是在听到一名 15 岁女孩因受到
网络欺凌而自杀的故事后开始从事这个项目的。）可知，一个女孩死于网络欺凌这件事使萨达特·拉赫曼开
始了他的项目。故选 C。
3. 主旨大意题。第五段的关键词是“Past well-known winners of the prize”（过去的著名获奖者）和“students
who organized the March for Our Lives event in 2018”（2018 年组织“为我们的生命游行”活动的学生），所
以本段主要讲述了该奖项以前的一些获奖者。故选 D。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段 Yousafzai 说的话“All children have the right to be protected from violence no
matter if it is physical or mental, offline or online, ”she said.“Cyberbullying is a violation of that right.”可知，
所有儿童都拥有免受暴力侵害的权利，无论是身体还是心理，无论是线下还是线上。网络霸凌是对这项权
利的侵犯。因此，网络霸凌应该被消除。故选 B。
C
Looking for a place to take a rest，sip a cup of coffee and have a furry companion? Welcome to animal-themed
cafes.
In recent years，the combination of pets and catering has become incredibly popular in many cities throughout
China. While many cafes started out offering the company of cats and dogs，others are expanding their range. Some
cafes include animals like squirrels，raccoons and even capybaras.
In reviews，internet users have commented that their main reason for visiting these businesses is to interact
closely with animals they have only seen from afar.
“The customers love animals. They are curious about these pets and want to raise one at home，but
circumstances don’t allow it，”said pet cafe owner Tian Rui，Liu Jing，a Beijing resident who works in finance，
loves pigs，but her parents would not endorse her getting one as a pet. The 24-year-old had to admire the animals
through videos and images. But now，she can have close contact with an adorable pig every weekend in a pet cafe.
Also，these pet cafes serve as a shelter for those who find comfort in being around animals. “In this place，you
can get close to the cute little ones in a very comfortable way without having to worry about safety and hygiene(卫
生)—overall，it is an extremely comfortable experience，”said Zhao Ming from Tianjin，30，a frequent pet cafe
visitor.
Animal lovers also expect the pet cafes to change people’s attitudes toward pets. Animals like ducks，pigs and
sheep have been served as food for many years. People hardly see them as pets. But the pet cafes help shift their
attitude from seeing them as playthings to regarding them as family members or close friends.
“Whether at home or in stores，these little animals are there for companionship and they bring warmth to our
hearts. They care and understand just like family members. They give us much more than the love we give to
them，”Zhao said.
8. Why do people visit pet cafes?
A. To pursue inner peace. B. To appreciate animal images.
C. To experience a clean environment. D. To have close contact with animals.
9. What does the underlined word “endorse” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Believe in. B. Approve of. C. Prevent. D. Suspect.
10. We can conclude from Paragraph 6 that pet cafes may__________.
A. change our views of animals
B. teach us how to look after pets better
C. show us the importance of having pets
D. remind us to value our family and friends
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Cafes Enjoy Great Popularity B. Ideal Shelters for Lovely Animals
C. Animals Turn into Companions D. Animal Lovers from Different Cities
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。近年来，以动物为主题的咖啡馆悄然兴起。这些宠物咖啡馆改变了人们对动物
的态度，它们就像家庭成员一样陪伴人们，给人们带来温暖和爱。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“…their main reason for visiting these businesses is to interact with
animals they have only seen from afar.”（他们造访这些商店的主要目的是与那些他们只在远处见过的动物互
动。）可知，人们拜访宠物咖啡馆的主要原因是想和这些动物进行近距离接触。故选 D。
2.词句猜测题。根据划线词后面的句子“The 24-year-old had to admire the animals through videos and
images.”（24 岁的她不得不通过视频和图片来欣赏这些动物。）可知，她父母不赞成她养宠物。“endorse”
意思是赞成。故选 B。
3.推理判断题。根据第六段第一句“Animal lovers also expect the pet cafes to change people’s attitudes toward
pets. ”（动物爱好者也希望宠物咖啡馆能改变人们对宠物的态度。）和最后一句“But the pet cafes help shift their
attitude from seeing them as playthings to regarding them as family members or close friends.”（但宠物咖啡馆有
助于改变他们的态度，从把宠物当作玩具，变成把它们当作家庭成员或亲密朋友。）可知，宠物咖啡馆改变
了人们对动物的态度。故选 A。
4.主旨大意题。根据第六段第一句“Animal lovers also expect the pet cafes to change people’s attitudes toward
pets. ”（动物爱好者也希望宠物咖啡馆能改变人们对宠物的态度。）和最后一句“But the pet cafes help shift their
attitude from seeing them as playthings to regarding them as family members or close friends.”（但宠物咖啡馆有
助于改变他们的态度，从把宠物当作玩具，变成把它们当作家庭成员或亲密朋友。）可知，宠物咖啡馆改变
了人们对动物的态度，这些动物就像家庭成员一样陪伴人们。这篇文章最好的题目是“动物变成了伙伴”。
故选 C。
D
Singapore researchers say they have developed a form of electronic skin that can create a sense of touch. They
hope their invention will give people with prosthetic hands(假肢)the ability to identify different objects.
The skin device measures 1 square centimeter. The system contains 100 small sensors that attempt to recreate
things like texture(质地)，temperature and even pain. The researchers call the device Asynchronous Coded
Electronic Skin(ACES)，which can process information faster than the human’s nervous system. Machine learning
methods trained the device to recognize 20 to 30 different textures. It can even correctly read Braille letters(布莱叶
盲文)most of the time.
The system does not require the users’movement to work. They just need to slide to feel texture. But in this
case the skin，with just a single touch，is able to detect textures of different roughness.
A demonstration showed that the device could identify the difference between a soft ball and a solid plastic
one. “When you lose your sense of touch，you essentially become numb and prosthetic users face that
problem，”said Benjamin Tee，leader of the research team. “So by recreating an artificial version of the skin for
their prosthetic devices，they can hold a hand and feel the warmth and feel that it is soft. ”
Tee said his idea for the device came from the movie Star Wars，when character Luke Skywalker loses his
right hand and it is replaced with a robotic one. In the film，the new hand is able to experience touch sensations just
like the real one.
The artificial skin technology is still going through experiments and development. But Tee said there had
already been a lot of interest in the system，especially from the medical community. Tee said similar inventions that
his team has developed include see-through skin that can repair itself when torn and a material for wearable
electronic devices that gives off light.
12. What can we learn about the artificial skin in Paragraph 2?
A. It is sensitive to high temperature. B. It reacts faster than our nervous system.
C. It can recognize different objects. D. It helps the users memorize Braille letters.
13. What can be inferred from Benjamin Tee’s words?
A. The artificial skin feels like a real thing.
B. People with the artificial skin feel warm.
C. People don’t want to lose the sense of touch.
D. He is sympathetic towards the prosthetic users.
14. What inspired Benjamin Tee to create the artificial skin?
A. The desire to help those in need. B. The life of the disabled.
C. A dream of earning more money. D. A scene from a famous movie.
15. Which word can best describe the artificial skin technology?
A. Profitable. B. Stable. C. Promising. D. Challenging.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了新加坡研究人员已经开发出一种可以产生触觉的电子皮肤。这种
人造皮肤就像真的皮肤一样。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“…which can process information faster than the human's nervous
system.”（它处理信息的速度比人类的神经系统还要快。）可知，人造皮肤的反应速度比我们的神经系统快。
故选 B。
2.推理判断题。根据第四段尤其是最后一句话“So by recreating an artificial version of the skin, for their
prosthetic devices, they can hold a hand and feel the warmth and feel that it is soft.”（因此，通过为他们的假体
设备重新创造一种人造皮肤，他们可以握住一只手，感觉到温暖和柔软。）可知，这种人造皮肤就像真的皮
肤一样。故选 A。
3.细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Tee said his idea for the device came from the movie Star Wars, when
character Luke Skywalker loses his hand and it is replaced with robotic one.”（Tee 说他对这个装置的想法来自
电影《星球大战》，当时角色卢克·天行者失去了他的手，取而代之的是一个机器人。）可知，这个装置的
想法来自电影《星球大战》中的场景。故选 D。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“But Tee said there had already been a lot of interest in the system，
especially from the medical community.”（但是 Tee 说，已经有很多人对该系统感兴趣，特别是来自医学界
的。）可知，已经有很多人对该系统感兴趣，尤其是医学界。所以说人造皮肤这项技术是很有前途的。故选
C。
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
项。
The carbon footprint shows how much carbon dioxide a person emits(排放)in everyday life. It measures the
amount offossil(化石)fuels and electricity someone uses up as well as the carbon footprint of the products they buy.
When we use our cars or heat our homes with carbon dioxide，various other gases are set free. _____16_____
You can measure your carbon footprint by using a calculator that you can find on various websites. ___17___
In America for example，every citizen produces about 28 tons of carbon dioxide and other dangerous gases a year；
in Great Britain the amount is about 10 tons.
___18___ The way we travel，for example，has a major effect on our environment. Use your bike or walk for
short distances. Public transport is a way of getting to places without putting a burden on the environment.
___19___ Many environmental experts，however，argue that it often saves energy to buy food that is produced
naturally in faraway places than consuming food grown locally in greenhouses. In your home you can contribute to
saving energy by turning off lights if you don’t need them or by avoiding the use of air conditioners. Recycling
plastic glass and paper can also reduce your carbon footprint dramatically.
___20___ Only if we concentrate on reducing carbon emissions together can we hope to make our
environment better.
A. Many people travel between cities and suburbs every day.
B. The carbon footprint is usually measured in tons of CO2 per year.
C. These emissions lead to a thicker atmosphere and global warming.
D. It is also vital to persuade others to take the same steps that you do.
E. There are many actions you can take to reduce your carbon footprint.
F. The websites also provide carbon storage tools and methods for individuals.
G. Buying local food is another way of restricting emission into the atmosphere.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章指出了减少碳排放量的重要性，并且提出了减少碳排放量的方法。
【16 题详解】
前文“When we use our cars or heat our homes with carbon dioxide，various other gases are set free. ”（当我们使
用汽车或用二氧化碳来取暖时，各种其他气体就释放出来了）中的 carbon dioxide 和 various other gases 对应
选项 C 中的 These emissions。所以选项 C（这些排放会导致大气层变厚和全球变暖）切合文意，是“各种
其他气体释放出来”产生的结果。故选 C。
【17 题详解】
根据后文“In America for example，every citizen produces about 28 tons of carbon dioxide and other dangerous
gases a year；in Great Britain the amount is about 10 tons.”（例如，在美国，每个公民每年产生约 28 吨二氧化
碳和其他危险气体；在英国，这个数字约为 10 吨。）可知，碳足迹通常以每年的二氧化碳吨数来衡量，所
以选项 B（碳足迹通常以每年的二氧化碳吨数来衡量）切合文意。故选 B。
【18 题详解】
根据后文“Use your bike or walk for short distances. Public transport is a way of getting to places without putting a
burden on the environment. ”（短距离使用自行车或步行。公共交通是一种不给环境带来负担的出行方式。）
可知，此处是指减少碳排放量的措施，所以选项 E（你可以采取很多行动来减少你的碳排放量。）切合文意。
故选 E。
【19 题详解】
根据后文“Many environmental experts，however，argue that it often saves energy to buy food that is produced
naturally in faraway places than consuming food grown locally in greenhouses.”（然而，许多环境专家认为，购
买远方自然生产的食物往往比消费温室里本地种植的食物更节省能源。）可知，此处是指购买当地食物也可
以减少你的碳排放量。所以选项 G（购买本地食品是另一种限制排放到大气中的方法。）切合文意。故选 G。
【20 题详解】
根据后文“Only if we concentrate on reducing carbon emissions together can we hope to make our environment
better.”（只有我们集中精力一起减少碳排放，我们才有希望使我们的环境变得更好。）可知，此处是号召人
们一起行动起来。所以选项 D（说服别人采取和你一样的措施也是至关重要的。）切合文意。故选 D。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A year after Benjamin Canlas died at 17，his love of helping others lives on. Through a foundation
____21____ by his parents，this kind young man is ____22____ making the world a better place ——one bike at a
time.
In the Philippines，many jobs have been lost ____23____ the coronavirus crisis. Thousands of people have to
travel to take____24____ jobs to survive. But public transportation has been ____25____limited. Benjamin’s
parents had the idea to ____26____ bikes to deserving individuals.
At first，their ____27____ was to donate seven bicycles. But then they received more than fifty ___28___.
And then 27 people were awarded’ bicycles. These bicycles are ____29____ to help make their lives a little easier.
Among the _____30_____ is Ronaldo Rosario. He sold rice cakes in the morning and smoked fish in the
afternoon. ____31____ many kilometers each day，which caused the borrowed bike to break often. So，he often lost
_____32_____ time and some of his earning on repairs.
There are people still in need and much more _____33_____ needs to be offered. The foundation is working
on launching more sustainable _____34_____. The goal is that these programs will help more people while also
____35____ others to be kind and help those in need.
21. A. given up B. set up C. held up D. brought up
22. A. still B. already C. ever D. yet
23. A. at the cost of B. in spite of C. as a result of D. in case of
24. A. extra B. temporary C. dangerous D. suitable
25. A. completely B. regularly C. aimlessly D. severely
26. A. sell B. rent C. give away D. pay for
27. A. plan B. dream C. program D. duty
28. A. models B. designs C. girls D. applications
29. A. invented B. intended C. required D. arranged
30. A. assistants B. travelers C. visitors D. winners
31. A. challenging B. measuring C. covering D. finishing
32. A. valuable B. convenient C. enjoyable D. spare
33. A. money B. joy C. help D. freedom
34. A. projects B. actions C. jobs D. courses
35. A. ordering B. persuading C. forcing D. urging
【答案】 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D
31. C 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对夫妻为了将他们去世的儿子的爱心传递下去而成立了基金会，
该基金会的项目之一是给需要的人赠送自行车，目前已经有很多人因这一项目而受益。
【21 题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：通过父母建立的基金会，这个善良的年轻人仍在让世界变得更美好——依
次（捐赠）自行车。A. given up 放弃；B. set up 建立；C. held up 举起，支持住；D. brought up 抚养。根据
上文中的“a foundation”和下文中的“by his parents”可知，这个基金会是由 Benjamin 的父母创建的。故
选 B 项。
【22 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：通过父母建立的基金会，这个善良的年轻人仍在让世界变得更美好——依次（捐
赠）自行车。A. still 仍然；B. already 已经；C. ever 曾经；D. yet 还，尚（没）。根据上文“Benjamin Canlas
died at 17”以及“his love of helping others lives on”可知，Benjamin 已经去世了，但是通过父母创办的基金
会，他仍然在让这个世界变成一个更美好的地方。still“仍然”，符合语境。故选 A 项。
【23 题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：在菲律宾，由于冠状病毒危机，许多人失去了工作。A. at the cost of 以……
为代价；B. in spite of 尽管；C. as a result of 由于，作为……的结果；D. in case of 在……情况下。上文“many
jobs have been lost”和下文“the coronavirus crisis”之间存在因果关系，由于新冠疫情的影响，（在菲律宾，）
许多人失去了工作。故选 C 项。
【24 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成千上万的人为了生存不得不外出做临时的工作。A. extra 额外的；B. temporary
临时的；C. dangerous 危险的；D. suitable 合适的。根据上文“many jobs have been lost”可知，许多菲律宾
人失去了工作，为了维持生计，他们不得不做一些“临时”的工作。故选 B 项。
【25 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是公共交通已经严重受限。A. completely 完全地；B. regularly 有规律地；C.
aimlessly 无目的地；D. severely 严重地，严格地。根据上文“the coronavirus crisis”及语境可知，由于新冠
疫情的影响，公共交通也受到了“严重的”限制。故选 D 项。
【26 题详解】
考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：Benjamin 的父母想把自行车送给有需要的人。A. sell 卖；B. rent 租；C.
give away 赠送，捐赠；D. pay for 付款。根据下文中的“At first，their ____7____ was to donate seven bicycles.”
及语境可知，Benjamin 的父母打算把自行车捐赠给那些需要的人。故选 C 项。
【27 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，他们的计划是捐赠七辆自行车。A. plan 计划；B. dream 梦想；C. program
程序；D. duty 任务。根据下文“donate seven bicycles”等内容可知，刚开始，捐赠七辆自行车是他们的计
划。故选 A 项。
【28 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但后来他们收到了 50 多份申请。A. models 模型；B. designs 设计；C. girls 女孩；
D. applications 申请。基于上文的分析，可知他们想要捐赠自行车，根据下文“And then 27 people were
awarded’ bicycles.”可知，他们收到了五十多份申请，随后有 27 人被赠送了自行车。故选 D 项。
【29 题详解】
考查动词（过去分词）词义辨析。句意：这些自行车的目的是帮助他们的生活更容易一点。A. invented 被
发明；B. intended 被计划，打算做；C. required 被要求；D. arranged 被安排。根据下文中的“to help make their
lives a little easier”可知，Benjamin 的父母将自行车送给他们的目的是让他们的生活变得更容易一些。be
intended to do 意为“打算做”，符合语境。故选 B 项。
【30 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：获奖者包括 Ronaldo Rosario。A. assistants 助手；B. travelers 旅行者；C. visitors
参观者；D. winners 胜利者，成功者。根据上文“And then27 people were awarded bicycles”及语境可知，
Ronaldo Rosario 是 27 个获得捐赠的成功者之一。故选 D 项。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天走很多公里，导致借来的自行车经常坏。A. challenging 挑战；B. measuring
衡量；C. covering 覆盖，走完（一段路程）；D. finishing 完成。根据上文“He sold rice cakes in the morning and
smoked fish in the afternoon.”以及下文 “many kilometers”的语境可知，Ronaldo Rosario 上午卖米糕，下卖
熏鱼，每天要骑车行驶很长的路程。cover“行走（一段路程）”，符合语境。故选 C 项。
【32 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，他经常失去宝贵的时间和他的收入的一部分修理。A. valuable 有价值的，
宝贵的；B. convenient 方便的；C. enjoyable 愉快的；D. spare 空闲的。基于上文的分析可知，Ronaldo Rosario
工作非常忙，根据上文“which caused the borrowed bike to break often”可知，他借的自行车经常出故障，所
以说这耽误了他许多“宝贵的”时间。故选 A 项。
【33 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有很多人需要帮助，需要更多的帮助。A. money 钱；B. joy 高兴；C. help 帮
助；D. freedom 自由。根据上文“There are people still in need”及下文中的“needs to be offered”可知，有
许多人的生活依旧很艰难，他们非常需要人们的帮助。下文“The goal is that these programs will help more
people”可以验证答案。故选 C 项。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该基金会正致力于启动更多可持续发展的项目。A. projects 工程，项目；B. actions
行动；C. jobs 工作；D. courses 课程。根据下文“The goal is that these programs will help more people”可知，
该基金会准备发起更多的可持续的项目。故选 A 项。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的目标是，这些项目将帮助更多的人，同时也敦促其他人行善，帮助那些
需要帮助的人。A. ordering 命令；B. persuading 说服；C. forcing 强迫；D. urging 敦促。根据下文中的“be kind
and help those in need”可知，发起这些项目的目的是帮助更多的人，并且鼓励敦促他们为人友善、帮助那
些需要助的人。urge “大力推荐，敦促”，符合语境。故选 D 项。
第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1991, Beijing musician Wang Wei went on a tour, when he became fascinated by the shakuhachi, a kind of
Japanese bamboo flute (笛子). Later, he found out that the shakuhachi, ____36____ was called chi ba in Chinese,
was introduced to Japan during the Tang Dynasty (618—907).
___37___ (astonish) and ashamed of how he was ignorant of the country’s rich musical tradition as a
___38___ (profession) musician, Wang started learning and researching on Chinese musical instruments made of
bamboo. He has found that among the 90 wind instruments _____39_____(identify) by the Chinese Music
Dictionary, 47 are made of bamboo.
During the past three _____40_____(decade), the talented musician traveled around the country ___41___
(find) the finest materials for making bamboo instruments. The small balcony at his home in Beijing has become
his studio ____42____ instrument making.
He also gathered a group of musicians to form the country’s first bamboo orchestra. While ____43____
(realize) his expectation, Wang is also proud that the orchestra’s birth and development are also an effort of
protecting the environment. Bamboo is among ____44____ fastest growing plants on earth, gaining 1.2 meters
every day under appropriate conditions. Since 2002, the State Forestry Administration _____45_____ (try) to
replace the use of wood with bamboo to protect the environment.
【答案】36. which
37. Astonished
38. professional
39. identified
40. decades
41. to find
42. for 43. realizing
44. the 45. has been trying/has tried
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。音乐家王伟在发现了尺八后开始学习和研究中国的竹制乐器，在实现自己的音
乐梦想的同时又保护了环境。
【36 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：后来，他了解到尺八在唐代（618-907）传入日本，汉语中又称尺八。此处是非限定
性定语从句，先行词为 shakuhachi，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which 引导。故填 which。
【37 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作为一名职业音乐家，他对中国丰富的音乐传统一无所知，这让他感到震惊和羞愧，
于是他开始学习和研究中国的竹制乐器。此处是指他感到震惊，应用-ed 结尾形容词 astonished 表示“震惊
的”。故填 astonished。
【38 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作为一名职业音乐家，他对中国丰富的音乐传统一无所知，这让他感到震惊和羞愧，
于是他开始学习和研究中国的竹制乐器。修饰名词 musician，应用形容词。故填 professional。
【39 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他发现，在《中国音乐大辞典》收录的 90 种管乐器中，有 47 种是竹子制成的。
动词 identify 意为“识别”，和逻辑主语 instruments 构成被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词作后置定
语。故填 identified。
【40 题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在过去的三十年里，这位才华横溢的音乐家周游全国，寻找制作竹制乐器的最好的
材料。decade 意为“十年”，为可数名词，在 three 后应用名词复数。故填 decades。
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的三十年里，这位才华横溢的音乐家周游全国，寻找制作竹制乐器的最好
的材料。他周游全国是为了寻找制作竹制乐器的最好的材料，应用动词不定式，表目的。故填 to find。
【42 题详解】
考查介词。句意：他在北京家中的小阳台成了他制作乐器的工作室。他在北京家中的小阳台是为了制作乐
器的工作室，表示“为了”，应用介词 for。故填 for。
【43 题详解】
考查省略句。句意：在实现自己的期望的同时，他也感到自豪的是，乐团的诞生和发展，也是对环境保护
的一种努力。此处 while 引导时间状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语相同时，且有 be 动词时，可以省略从
句的主语和 be 动词。动词 realize 和主语 Wang 构成主动关系，应用现在分词。故填 realizing。
【44 题详解】
考查冠词。句意：竹子是地球上生长最快的植物之一，在适当的条件下，竹子每天能长 1.2 米。在最高级 fastest
前应用定冠词 the。故填 the。
【45 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：自 2002 年以来，国家林业局一直在努力以竹子代替木材来保护环境。根据时间状语
Since 2002 可知，此处可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填 has been trying/has tried。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 John 来信说，他在自学汉语时，发现汉字的读音很难掌握。请你给他回
信，内容包括：
1. 表示理解；
2. 提出建议。
注意：1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John，
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】Possible version:
Dear John,
Knowing that you have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation, I think it doesn't matter. After all, it's
difficult for foreigners to grasp it. However, some practical approaches are of great help.
Obviously, it is highly recommended to refer to Xinhua Dictionary when you come across a challenging
Chinese character. Then, with mobile phones catching on, some Chinese learning apps are increasing popular with
Chinese learners because they are so handy and quick that you can acquire the pronunciation.
I know for sure that you will make much progress in learning Chinese pronunciation. It is welcome to write to
me when you are in trouble.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友 John 回信，对学习汉字读音很难掌握表示理解并提出建议。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量一般将来时。
结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 表示理解；
2. 提出建议。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation;it doesn't matter; practical approaches; refer to Xinhua Dictionary;
some Chinese learning apps; make much progress
第三步：连词成句（包含关键句，至少 3 句）
1.Knowing that you have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation, I think it doesn't matter.
2.After all, it's difficult for foreigners to grasp it.
3.However, some practical approaches are of great help.
4.Obviously, it is highly recommended to refer to Xinhua Dictionary when you come across a challenging Chinese
character.
5.Then, with mobile phones catching on, some Chinese learning apps are increasing popular with Chinese learners
because they are so handy and quick that you can acquire the pronunciation.
6.I know for sure that you will make much progress in learning Chinese pronunciation.
7.It is welcome to write to me when you are in trouble.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also),
including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one
hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型 1]Knowing that you have trouble learning the Chinese pronunciation, I think it doesn't matter.
（现在分词作状语）
[高分句型 2] Then, with mobile phones catching on, some Chinese learning apps are increasing popular with
Chinese learners because they are so handy and quick that you can acquire the pronunciation.（with 独立主格）
[高分句型 3]I know for sure that you will make much progress in learning Chinese pronunciation.（that 引导的宾
语从句）
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When there was news that a storm was coming, Sarah didn’t think much about it. She simply shrugged it off
like any other normal day. When she went to the grocery store and saw that it was full, she still didn’t worry.
People ran like mad between aisles (过道), grabbing what they could. Bare shelves and long lines made Sarah
chuckle (窃笑). They must be overreacting, she thought.
On her way home, she looked overhead. Dark clouds were indeed forming. And they seemed to be moving
quickly across the sky. Still, Sarah was not bothered. The rain would be nice since it had been warm lately.
When she got home, Sarah made popcorn and sat on the sofa with her dog, Cooper, and got ready to watch a
movie. Just as she hit play on the remote, she heard the thunder. Rain started to come down hard, making it almost
impossible to see the trees in her front yard through the window. Cooper immediately jumped from the sofa,
barking in fear in the corner.
“It’s OK.” Sarah said. She moved to one side and saw Cooper looked a bit nervous. Sarah turned off the movie
and instead skipped to the local news station. The storm was much more serious than she had thought. People in a
nearby city even said they spotted a tornado. The reporter advised people to stay inside and secure all of the doors
and windows.
Sarah got up and began making her way around the house. Cooper followed close behind as she checked all of
the windows to make sure they were all fully closed. By the time she got back to her sofa, the rain had stopped.
“That wasn’t so bad,” Sarah said aloud. “Just a nice shower.”
She turned to cooper, who had gone back to the corner and still looked a bit frightened. She looked outside. It
was actually very calm, but she could see that the wind was picking up. The branches of the trees were swinging
and the garbage bin had tipped over.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Obviously, a storm was on its way.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Trapped at home, Sarah wondered how she could survive.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version:
Obviously, a storm was on its way. Sarah saw something like a gray funnel moving in the distance. Tornado!
In a flash, with a burst of thunder, rain poured down once again, beating heavily against the windows. The wind
was roaring and many trees were uprooted. The storm lasted days, which made Sarah increasingly nervous. Cold
and hungry, she regretted she had made no preparations for the terrible weather!
Trapped at home, Sarah wondered how she could survive. Just then, she thought of the community helpline.
She telephoned to state her difficulties. An hour later, Sarah heard a knock at the door and in came the community
workers with food and necessities. She was really grateful for their timely help. It is the true kindness and love in
the community that helped her survive the terrible weather.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了主人公萨拉在天气预报说即将有暴风雨时不以为然，没有储
备食物。但是暴风雨来了，甚至变成了龙卷风，萨拉担心极了。她在社区工作者的帮助下得到了食物和生
活必需品。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“很明显，一场风暴就要来了。”可知，第一段可描写暴风雨来临，情势严重，萨拉
为没有准备而后悔。
②由第二段首句内容“莎拉被困在家里，不知道怎样才能活下去。”可知，第二段可描写萨拉是如何获得
帮助的。
2.续写线索：暴风雨来临——暴风雨持久——后悔——求助社区——获得帮助——感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①大雨瓢泼：rain pours down/rain comes down in a splash
②想到：think of/come up with
情绪类
感谢：show appreciation/show gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】[高分句型 1]Sarah saw something like a gray funnel moving in the distance.（现在分词作宾语补足语）
[高分句型 2]The storm lasted days, which made Sarah increasingly nervous.（which 引导的定语从句）
[高分句型 3]Trapped at home, Sarah wondered how she could survive.（过去分词作状语）
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