高考英语书面表达
应用文之“书信”写作技巧
高考英语“书面表达”所要求写作的内容均与考生的学习和生活密
切相关，常涉及语言学习、活动开展、人际关系，以及关于中国传统文化
方面，如参观中国画展、参观中国剪纸艺术展、在中国朋友家做客等。
高考中，考查的形式仍然可能会以文字提纲类为主，也可能仍然是要
求考生写一篇书信(或邮件)。考生在平时的训练当中，应该适当地注重这些
方面的练习。
◆考点突破
◆高考例析
真题热线 (2019 全国卷Ⅰ)
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中 国画展。请写
一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．个人优势；
3．能做的事情。
注意：
1．词数 100 左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．结束语已为你写好。
◆思路点拨
体裁和格式：应用文：书信
主体时态：一般现在时为主，可兼顾现在进行时
中心人称：第一人称为主
段落层次：第一段：写信目的；
第二段：信件正文；
第三段：结尾，表达期望与祝愿
写作要点 第一段：自我介绍、写信目的；
第二段：信件正文，描述申请优势、工作经验或专业知识；
第三段：结尾，套用书信的相关语句
作文评台
学生习作 得分 25 分
Dear Sir/Madam，
I'm Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation.
I'm delighted to learn that volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting
exhibition to be held in the local art gallery. Now I'm writing to apply for the
position.
The reasons for my application are as follows. First of all, having been
exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with
others in English. What's more, years of being monitor makes me a brilliant
organizer, which will help a lot to keep the exhibition in order. The most
important factor is that my related knowledge will undoubtedly help the
audience learn more about the unique Chinese art form.
All in all, my sense of responsibility will make me a qualified volunteer. I'd
appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours，
Li Hua
名师点评
这篇书面表达属于应用文中的申请信类型，可以按照申请信的思路来
写，同时要注意电子邮件的写作需要体现交际性。
首先作者进行自我介绍，简要交代了写作背景，阐明写信目的。
第二段是文章的主题，把题干给到的提示完整地体现出来了。文章用
First of all，What's more, The most important factor is that 等过渡性结构
自然地串联三个要点。同时灵活运用多样化的句式与众多的高级词汇。
最后使用求职信的常用套话及书信的常用套话结尾。
参考范文
Dear Sir/Madam，
I am Li Hua, a student currently studying English in London. Having
known a Chinese painting exhibition will be held recently, I am writing to apply
for the post of volunteer. I think I am quite qualified for the position.
Firstly, I have a good command of English, specially my spoken English
which is good enough to communicate with native speakers fluently. Besides,
being an energetic and outgoing girl I get well along with all my classmates and
always get ready to help others. Most importantly, having been a student
majored in art, I am confident that I can give the visitors a brief introduction
about Chinese painting with less difficulty.
I would be grateful if you could give me a full consideration.
Yours，
Li Hua
应用文之“书信”写作技能
◆写作指南
英语书信写作的关键在于对书信主体的处理：
1．称呼(salutation)：收信人称呼从信左边开始写，一般以 “Dear…”
或“My dear…”开头，后面常用逗号。
2．正文(body)：正文是书信的主体，它质量的高低将直接决定作文得
分的高低，因此在书信的训练和写作中对其要精雕细刻，力求做到层
次清晰、要点齐全、过渡自然、行文流畅和文笔优美。若是回信则应
根据实际需要告诉对方自己何时 收到信件，自己的感受或自己的近
况，而后切入正文。
正文结束时，常会另起一行，写上一些表示祝福或期待的话 语，如：
Best wishes！/Looking forward to your early reply./Good luck！等。
3．结尾(complimentary close)：是写信人表示自己对收信人的谦称，
常用表达有 Yours，Yours sincerely，Yours truly 或 Yours faithfully 等。
◆写作语料
一、常用开头
1．邀请信：It is a pleasure for me to invite you on behalf of…to…/We would
like to invite…to…/We are more than glad to invite you to…
2．申请信：My name is…I would like to work as…/apply for…
3．祝贺信：We are very happy to know that you have successfully…Allow
me/us to give our most sincere congratulations on…/I was delighted to hear
(to receive) the news that…
4．投诉或抱怨信：I'm writing to tell you something about… which I think is not
satisfying.
5．慰问信：We are very sorry to learn of/learn that…/I am very sorry to have
heard of your present situation that…
6．建议信：I'm glad to receive your letter asking for advice on how to…Here are
some tips for you.
7．询问信：I would like to ask some information on…/I'm writing to ask whether
you are able to do me a favor.
8．欢迎信：Glad to hear from you and you're welcome to…
9．回信：Thank you for your letter of…/Thanks so much for your letter, which
arrived…/I am writing to tell you about…/I'm glad to receive your letter. It’s
a pleasure for me to tell you my plan of…
10．其他：Now I am so excited that I can't wait to share with you…/ I would also
like to know if you can…/I'm very excited to learn that…/It is indeed a
wonderful idea to…
二、常用结尾
1．鼓励型：
How delighted I am now! Actually, whatever happens, we must stay clam
first and then find a wise solution.
Try and write me in Chinese next time.
2．祝愿型：
I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good
journey.
I will value them forever. Many happy returns of the day(年年有今日)．
3．请求询问型：
By the way, could I
By the way, could I…？ Thank you very much in advance.
4．展望型：
I believe that the wide use of these shopping bags can greatly improve our
environment. This is one of the steps we take to make our country an even
cleaner place.
I believe that this magazine will surely strengthen our ties, and I am
looking forward to reading it.
5．目的型：
I am writing the letter in the hope that you can consider these problems
and make more improvements.
6．期待型：
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
If you happen to know the news, please inform your classmates of it. I
hope all of you can learn a lot in this activity.
真题热线
(2019 全国卷Ⅱ)
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友 Chris 球队近期
将参加比赛，内容包括：
1．比赛信息；
2．赛前准备；
3．表达期待。
注意：
1．词数 100 左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
思路点拨
体裁和格式：应用文：邮件
主体时态：一般现在时为主
中心人称：第一人称为主，第二人称为辅
写作要点：
1. 表明写信目的：参加近期的排球比赛；
2．告知比赛的基本情况、奖项设置及精心准备；
3．表达期望。
作文评台
学生习作 22 分
Dear Chris，
How is everything going? I have good news to tell you. A volleyball match
is going to be held a few weeks later① and our team will participate.
As for the detailed information of the match, there will be probably dozens
of teams. They are going to make a revolving competition.②Additionally, not
only can③the top three teams each be awarded a medal but all the other teams
taking part in it will get a reward as well. The most attractive is that it will be a
great honor for the top three teams to receive special volleyballs that have the
name of the most popular volleyball player on them. ④Therefore, we must do
enough preparations before the match, such as training as frequent⑤as we can.
So excited am I that I can't wait to join in it. How about you? Looking
forward to your reply.
Yours，
Hua
名师点评
失分诊断
1．a few weeks later 可以表示“几个星期以后”，但是不能用于一般将来时态
中，这是典型的中式思维，应该改为 in a few weeks。
2．can the top three teams each be awarded a medal 是一个倒装句型，可是这
里不必用倒装语序，应该改为正常语序，即： the top three teams can each
be awarded a medal。
3．虽然句中的 training 是一个动名词，但是，结合前面的 do enough
preparations 可知，它完整的意义应该是表示 train frequently，故要使用
副词形式 frequently。
打 造 靓 点 1.将句子②改为含有定语从句的复合句：
_____________________________________________________________
2.将句子④改为含有主语从句的复合句：
_____________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．As for the detailed information of the match, there will be probably dozens of
teams which are going to make a revolving competition.
2．What will be the most attractive is that it will be a great honor for the top
three teams to receive special volleyballs that have the name of the most popular
volleyball player on them.
【参考范文】
Dear Chris，
How is everything going? I have good news to tell you. A volleyball match
is going to be held in a few weeks and our team will participate.
As for the detailed information of the match, there will be probably dozens
of teams which are going to make a revolving competition. Additionally, not
only can the top three teams each be awarded a medal but all the other teams
taking part in it will get a reward as well. What will be the most attractive is that
it will be a great honor for the top three teams to receive special volleyballs that
have the name of the most popular volleyball player on them. Therefore, we
must do enough preparations before the match, such as training as frequently as
we can.
So excited am I that I can't wait to join in it. How about you? Looking
forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
写一写
(天津静海一中高三学生学业能力调研试卷)
假如你是晨光中学学生李华，你们学校有一个生态农场，种植各种蔬菜和
果树。为弘扬中国传统农业和提升环保意识， 你校打算召开一个夏令营。
请你给朋友 Peter 写信邀请他参加 这个活动。要点如下：
1．邀请的时间和地点；
2．活动安排(如中国传统农业种植介绍，体验中国传统农业 种植与管理，
自由采摘等)；
3．注意事项(如衣物，安全等)。
注意：1．词数不少于 100 词；
2．开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：生态农场 ecological farm
Dear Peter，
It is my pleasure to write to you. ___________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Peter，
It is my pleasure to write to you. Will you be available this weekend? In
order to let us learn something about Chinese traditional agriculture and enhance
the awareness of environmental protection, our school is going to hold a summer
camp on our school's farm. We will gather at the school gate at 8：00 a．m. and
go there on foot. When we arrive there, we will meet the farmers who will
introduce Chinese traditional planting. Then we will be given a small piece of
land to experience Chinese traditional planting and management. Finally, we
will enjoy the pleasure of picking our favorite fruit and vegetables.
Do remember to wear comfortable clothes and shoes. And you'd better
wear a hat in case you get burnt. Besides, wherever you go and whatever you do,
keep safety in your mind.
If you are free and want to go, please let me know as soon as possible.
Yours，
Li Hua
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