天津市河东区2016-2020年高考一模英语试题汇编 阅读理解专题 含答案

1 天津市河东区 2016-2020 年高考一模英语试题汇编-阅读理解专题 2020 年区天津市河东区高三一模英语试题 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 A Below is a housing guide for students going to London. University accommodation (住所)offices Many university accommodation offices have their own list of registered landlords (房东). Others also provide information on accommodation agencies and other housing organizations. The advantage of using your university accommodation office is that you can get some support if you have 'a problem. The disadvantage is that they are unlikely to have enough registered landlords to house all their students. Property papers: Loot and Renting Loot is an important source (来源) of information about private housing for co-renters. The offers are from private landlords, agencies and individuals looking for other co-renters. They also have a website: www. loot. com. The advantage of using Loot is that there are some excellent bargains. The disadvantage is that there is no quality control over the offers. Renting is another useful paper. The offers in this paper are mainly from accommodation agencies. Their website is at www. Renting.co. uk. Accommodation agencies The majority of rented accommodation in London is probably advertised through accommodation agencies. The advantage of using accommodation agencies is that you will have access to a large number of accommodations. A good agent will listen to your requirements and can save you time in looking for the right accommodation. The 2 disadvantage is that they will make a range of charges to potential renters. Noticeboards Around the universities you will find a number of noticeboards where offers of accommodation will be posted. These will either be from landlords or from students. Some universities will also have online noticeboards where students can advertise to other students. Advertisements from students can be an excellent way to find accommodation. However, advertisements from landlords can be problematic. Word of mouth Some of the best housing in London is never advertised but is passed on from one group of students to another by word of mouth. It might be that you can find out about good offers from final year students. However, don't suppose that just because you have found out about housing from a friend it is necessarily, going to be better than that found through any other source. Family Faced with the very high rents charged in London, some students and their parents will consider buying as an alternative. In some cases this might be a good choice. 36. What is the advantage of using Loot? A. It has more offers from accommodation agencies than Renting. B. It gives you personal information about other co-renters. C. Their website is designed mainly for students. D. There are some good bargains. 37. A good agent can help you . A. know more people B. find cheap accommodation C. get the right accommodation quickly 3 D. get free information about most accommodations 38. The information passed on by word of mouth is important because . A. it is better than that found through any other source B. it helps you find some of the best housing never advertised C. the final year students always offer better information D. the landlords have little valuable information 39. For students going to London for the first time, which of the following provides the most reliable information? A. University accommodation offices. B. Loot and Renting. C. Noticeboards. D. Family. 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文作者就去伦敦的学生如何选择和寻找房子这一问题，给出了一些指导建议。 【36 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 The advantage of using Loot is that there are some excellent bargains. 可知，使用 Loot 的好处就是有一些特价的房子，故选 D 项。 【37 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Accommodation agencies 中的“A good agent will listen to your requirements and can save you time in looking for the right accommodation.”可知，好的中介会听取你的意见，节省你寻找合适的住宿 的时间，比较快的找到住宿，故选 C 项。 4 【38 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段的 Some of the best housing in London is never advertised but is passed on from one group of students to another by word of mouth.It might be that you can find out about good offers from final year students.可知，一些伦敦最好的房子从不做广告，而是通过人们口口相传，所以口口相传的 信息很重要因为它可能会帮助你找到最好的房子，故选 B 项。 【39 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段 University accommodation offices 中的 The advantage of using your university accommodation office is that you can get some support if you have a problem.可知，大学提供的住宿如果有问题 可以得到帮助，因此它是比较有保障的住宿，因此第一次去伦敦的学生还是选择这种住宿，故选 A 项。 B It had been some time since Jack had seen the old man. College, career, and life itself got in the way. In fact, Jack moved clear across the country in pursuit of his dreams. There, in the rush of his busy life, Jack had little time to think about the past and often no time to spend with his wife and son. He was working on his future, and nothing could stop him. Over the phone, his mother told him, “Mr. Belser died last night. The funeral is Wednesday.” Memories flashed through his mind like an old newsreel as he sat quietly remembering his childhood days. “Jack, did you hear me?” “Oh, sorry, Mom. Yes, I heard you. It’s been so long since I thought of him. I’m sorry, but I honestly thought he died years ago,” Jack said. “Well, he didn’t forget you. Every time I saw him he’d ask how you were doing. He’d reminisce about the many days you spent over ‘his side of the fence’ as he put it,” Mom told him. “I loved that old house he lived in,” Jack said. “You know, Jack, after your father died, Mr. Belser stepped in to make sure you had a man’s influence in your life,” she said. 5 “He’s the one who taught me carpentry. I wouldn’t be in this business if it weren’t for him. He spent a lot of time teaching me things he thought were important… Mom, I’ll be there for the funeral,” Jack said. Busy as he was, he kept his word. Jack caught the next flight to his hometown. Mr. Belser’s funeral was small and uneventful. He had no children of his own, and most of his relatives had passed away. The night before he had to return home, Jack and his Mom stopped by to see the old house next door one more time, which was exactly as he remembered. Every step held memories. Every picture, every piece of furniture… Jack stopped suddenly. “What’s wrong, Jack?” his Mom asked. “The box is gone,” he said. “What box?” Mom asked. “There was a small gold box that he kept locked on top of his desk. I must have asked him a thousand times what was inside. All he’d ever tell me was ‘the thing I value most’,” Jack said. It was gone. Everything about the house was exactly how Jack remembered it, except for the box. He figured someone from the Belser family had taken it. “Now, I’ll never know what was so valuable to him,” Jack said sadly. Returning to his office the next day, he found a package on his desk. The return address caught his attention. “Mr. Harold Belser” it read. Jack tore open the package. There inside was the gold box and an envelope. Jack’s hands shook as he read the note inside. “Upon my death, please forward this box and its contents to Jack Bennett. It’s the thing I valued most in my life.” A small key was taped to the letter. His heart racing, and tears filling his eyes, Jack carefully unlocked the box. There inside he found a beautiful gold pocket watch. Running his fingers slowly over the fine cover, he opened it. Inside he found these words carved: “Jack, thanks for your time! Harold Belser.” “Oh, My God! This is the thing he valued most…” Jack held the watch for a few minutes, then called his assistant and cleared his appointments for the next two 6 days. “Why?” his assistant asked. “I need some time to spend with my son,” he said. 40. Why did Jack think Mr. Belser died years ago? A. College and career prevented him from remembering Mr. Bleser. B. Jack was too busy with his business and family to think about Mr. Belser. C. Jack was too busy realizing his dreams to think about Mr. Belser. D. His present busy life washed away his childhood memories. 41. Jack’s mother told him on the phone about Mr. Belser EXCEPT that ______. A. Mr. Belser often asked how Jack was doing B. Mr. Belser’s funeral would take place on Wednesday C. Mr. Belser had asked for Jack’s mailing address D. Mr. Belser had pleasant memories of their time together 42. What does the underlined word “reminisce” mean in paragraph 5? A. recover B. reveal C. recommend D. recall 43. Why did Belser send Jack his gold watch? A. Because he had no children or relatives. B. Because he thought he had to keep his word. C. Because he was grateful for Jack’s time with him. D. Because Jack had always wanted it during his childhood. 44. Jack said he needed some time to spend with his son because ______. 7 A. he came to realize the importance of the time with his family B. he had promised to spare more time to stay with his son C. he had missed his son and his family for days D. he was very tired of his work and wanted to have a good rest. 45. Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage? A. The Good Old Times B. What He Valued Most C. An Old Gold Watch D. The Lost Childhood Days 【答案】40. C 41. C 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了工作狂 Jack 在参加老邻居葬礼之后逐渐意识到亲情的重要性。 【40 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中 There, in the rush of his busy life, Jack had little time to think about the past and often no time to spend with his wife and son. He was working on his future, and nothing could stop him.可知， Jack 非常的忙于事业和前途，没有时间陪伴家人，没有时间回忆过去，所以在他印象中 Mr. Belser 仿佛早 就去世了，故选 C。 【41 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中 The funeral is Wednesday 可知，葬礼在周三举行，故排除 B；根据第五段中 Every time I saw him he’d ask how you were doing. He’d reminisce about the many days you spent over ‘his side of the fence’ as he put it,的内容可以排除 A，D 选项；故选 C。 【42 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Well, he didn’t forget you. Every time I saw him he’d ask how you were doing. He’d reminisce about the many days you spent over ‘his side of the fence’ as he put it,”可知，Harold 从来没有忘 记 Jack，每次见到 Jack 的妈妈都要询问 Jack 的近况，他会回忆以前在他的庭院里和 Jack 一起渡过的许多 8 日子，故此处 reminsice 为回忆的意思，故选 D。 【43 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中 Inside he found these words carved: “Jack, thanks for your time! Harold Belser.” “Oh, My God! This is the thing he valued most…”可知，Harold 感谢 Jack 陪伴他的日子，故选 C。 【44 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中 Inside he found these words carved: “Jack, thanks for your time! Harold Belser.” “Oh, My God! This is the thing he valued most…”可知，Jack 从 Harold 身上得到了 A 启发，他终于 明白了陪伴家人的重要性，故选 A。 【45 题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，Jack 开始时忙于工作疏忽家庭，认为事业最重要。后来因为参加老邻居的葬 礼回忆起些许童年时光，又因老邻居赠送 Jack 其生前最重视的东西而得到启发，Jack 发现最重要的不是事 业，而是亲情和家庭。故这篇文章主要是围绕“什么最重要”来展开的，故选 B。 C People who have got rhythm might have an advantage when it comes to language and reading skills. A new study shows the brains of people who can move to a musical beat react to speech on a more consistent basis than those who can't. Researchers also find that musical training can sharpen the brain’s response to language. The researchers say their discovery provides the first biological link between the ability to keep a beat and how the brain responds to speech, something that can have important value for reading skills. To gather materials for their research, the team got more than 100 teenagers who lived in Chicago, Illinois. The teens were given two tests. First, they were instructed to listen to and tap their fingers along to the beat. The researchers calculated low accurately their young volunteers were able to tap along to the musical timekeeper. Second, the teen subjects were linked to an EEG device, which measures electrical activity in the brain. The EEG device was focused on an area of the brain that not only processes sound, but is also connected to parts of the brain responsible for motor-movement. The researchers recorded the brainwaves as their teen subjects listened to the synthesized speech sound, which was repeated irregularly for half an hour. The researchers were able to find out how the nerve cells in that particular region of the brain responded every time the synthesized sound was played.“Across this 9 population of adolescents, the more accurate they were at tapping along to the beat, the more consistent their brains' response to the letter unit was,” said Nina Kraus. While past studies have showed the links between reading skills and a person’s ability to keep a beat, the researchers said their new findings show the hearing system is what provides a common basis for those links. “Rhythm is naturally a part of music and language.” Nina said. 46. According to the first paragraph, what can get the brain’s reaction to language more effectively? A. Rhythm. B. Reading skills. C. Language. D. Musical training. 47. What can we lean about “ the first biological link” mentioned in Paragraph 2? A. It shows how the brain works. B. It is very important for reading ability. C. It shows how the brain reacts to speech. D. It is helpful to researchers' findings. 48. The underlined word“subjects”in Paragraph 2 probably means “______”. A. persons or animals that are studied in an experiment or a research B. areas of knowledge studied in a school, college, and so on C. things that are being discussed in a conversation or a book D. persons or things that are the main features of works of art 49. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______. A. reading skills may make language learners keep a beat B. the hearing system may be useless while a person is learning to read C. the hearing system may separate sound from meaning while a person is reading 10 D. the hearing system may be used while a person is reading or taking musical training 50. What can we conclude from this passage? A. Moving to a musical beat is more popular. B. Experts are expanding their studies on rhythm. C. Rhythm might help us improve our reading skills. D. Experts find the links between the hearing system and reading. 【答案】46. D 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章说明了有节奏感的人在阅读和语言学习上有优势。 【46 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 Researchers also find that musical training can sharpen the brain’s response to language.可知，音乐训练可以加速大脑对语言的反应，故选 D。 【47 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 The researchers say their discovery provides the first biological link between the ability to keep a beat and how the brain responds to speech, something that can have important value for reading skills.可知，研究发现人们打节奏的能力和大脑对于演讲的反应之间有生物学上的联系，这对阅读技能有很 重要的价值，故选 B。 【48 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段中 Second, the teen subjects were linked to an EEG device, which measures electrical activity in the brain.可知，subjects 作同位语指的是这些青少年。再根据 To gather materials for their research, the team got more than 100 teenagers who lived in Chicago, Illinois. The teens were given two tests.可知，为了收 集研究材料，找到了 100 名青少年并做了两个测验。由此可知此处 subject 指的是试验当中研究的对象，故 选 A。 11 【49 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 While past studies have showed the links between reading skills and a person’s ability to keep a beat, the researchers said their new findings show the hearing system is what provides a common basis for those links. “Rhythm is naturally a part of music and language.” Nina said.可知，阅读能力和一个人保 持节奏的能力之间的联系，研究人员发现表明，听觉系统是这些联系的共同基础。从而可以推断听觉系统 在人阅读和音乐训练时发挥作用，故选 D。 【50 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 People who have got rhythm might have an advantage when it comes to language and reading skills.可知，有节奏感的人在阅读和语言学习上有优势，故选 C。 D Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian( 百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to ( 习惯于) expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税的) . They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least. Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting , often their initial expense 12 is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes. 51. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality ______. A. still judge a man by his clothes B. enjoy having a professional identity C. hold the uniform in such high regard D. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform 52. People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform ______. A. suggests quality work B. appears to be more practical C. discards (丢弃;抛弃)his social identity D. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes 53. The chief function of a uniform is to ______. A. provide practical benefits to the wearer. B. provide the wearer with a professional identity C. inspire the wearer’s confidence in himself D. make the wearer catch the public eye 54. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms ______. A. are usually helpful B. have little or no individual freedom C. enjoy greater popularity 13 D. tend to lose their individuality 55. The best title for this passage would be ______. A. Uniforms and Society B. The Importance of Wearing a Uniform C. Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms D. Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform 【答案】51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了穿制服的优缺点。 【51 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general.可知，美国人对于制服高度认可。故选 C。 【52 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 People have become conditioned to ( 习惯于) expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform.可知，人们习惯性地认为，穿制服的人是业内优秀的人，提供优质的服务，故选 A。 【53 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian( 百姓的) clothes.可知，制服的首要优点就是显示穿制服人的专业 性，故选 B。 【54 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中 Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the 14 consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them.可知，必须穿制服的人觉得制服缺 少个性，故选 D。 【55 题详解】 最佳标题题。纵观全文脉络，可分为三大段，第一段讲述美国人痴迷制服，第二段主要意思是穿制服显得 人专业化的优点，第三段讲述了制服让人缺乏个性，耗资贵等缺点，因此全文主要讲述了制服的优缺点， 故选 C。 【点睛】最佳标题题属于主旨大意题。需要考生把握全文的结构和脉络进行整体分析。如第 5 小题，通过 分析本文结构可知，整体文章分为三部分，第一部分提出美国人痴迷制服的现象，第二部分主要意思是穿 制服显得人专业化的优点，第三部分讲述了制服让人缺乏个性，耗资贵等缺点，因此得出最佳标题：制服 的优缺点，故选 C。 2019 年区天津市河东区高三一模英语试题 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A Ferry Services Fare Table Effective from 1st April 2019. Cash Only is accepted onboard our Ferries. Return Fares for Mainland to Bressay； Mainland to Whalsay； Mainland to Yell； Yell to Unst. All Fares are RETURN - Payable on outbound journey only Passenger Adult £5.50 OAPs (With SIC Pass) & Children up to 19 £1.00 15 Disabled Concessionary SIC Pass Holders £0.00 Adult 10 Multi Journey Ticket £22.70 Vehicles - Fares include driver Vehicles up to and including 5.50m Return £13.60 Motorcycles Return £11.00 Motorhome 5.5m - 9m £20.50 Motorhome 9m - 12m £23.50 Motorhome 12m + £27.00 Vehicle (