“四位一体”高考阅读专项突破（词汇+短语+句式+话题精读）
话题二 学校生活(A)
一、话题 必背词 汇：
1).schoolyard n.校园
Those boys are playing basketball in the schoolyard,I guess
我猜，那些男孩子正在校园里打篮球。
2).public school 公立学校
Do you want to go to public school or private school?
你想去公立学校还是私立学校?
3).timetable n.时间表，课程表
lheard that a new timetable would be made out soon
我听说新的时间表很快就会制定出来了。
4).library n.图书馆
Let's go to the library and borrow some foreign books
我们去图书馆借些外文书籍吧!
5).reading room 阅览室
Iplan to read a few stories in the reading room to kill my afternoon
我打算在阅览室读一些故事书，消磨下午的时光。
6).colloquium n.学术交流会
He is ready to propose his views in the coming colloquium.
他准备在将要到来的学术交流会上提出他的观点。
7).coed n.男女同校的学生;adj.男女同校的
You had better send your son to a coed school so that he can learn some things from girls.
你最好把你儿子送到男女同校的学校里，以便他能从女孩们身上学些东西。
8).boarder n.搭伙者，寄宿生
Iwonder how many boarders there are in your school
我想知道你学校里有多少寄宿生。
9).blunder n.谬误，错误
It was a terrible blunder to let her know the death of her husband
让她知道她丈夫死去的消息真是一个大错。
10).playground n.操场
If you are sure that he is on the playground,I will go there to find him soon.
如果你确信他在操场上，我马上去那儿找他。
11).laboratory n.实验室
Our chemistry teacher had informed us to go to the laboratory to do an experiment this
afternoon
我们化学老师已通知我们今天下午去实验室做实验。
12).apparatus n.仪器
We need to buy some laboratory apparatuses.
我们需要买一些实验室仪器。
13).burette n.量管，滴定管
Can you tell me what these burettes are used for?
你能告诉我这些滴定管是干什么用的吗?
14).vessel n.器皿，容器
Abottle is a vessel for holding water
瓶子是盛水的容器。
15).canteen n.食堂，小卖部，水壶
We invited our maths teacher to dine with us at the student canteen yesterday
昨天我们邀请数学老师在学校餐厅和我们一起吃饭。
16).soiree n.晚会
Iam invited to attend a musical soiree this evening
我被邀请参加今天晚上的音乐晚会。
17).topic 题目，标题
First you should find a good topic for your composition
首先你应该为你的作文找一个好题目。
18).expel v.开除，驱逐
According to the school rules, he should be expelled from school
按照校规，他应该被开除。
19).truancy n.逃学，旷课，玩忽职守
If seemed that truancy became a serious problem in this school.
逃学似乎成为这个学校的严重问题了。
20).demerit n.过失，记过
Please tell me the merits and demerits of adopting this method.
请告诉我采用这种方法的优缺点。
21).late adj.迟到的，晚的，近期的
Even though his teacher told him not to be late for class yesterday, he was late again today
尽管昨天老师告诉他不要迟到了，可他今天又迟到了。
22).rank v.排列，分等级
It is said that this school ranks number one in this district
据说这个学校在这个地区排名第一 。
23).transcript n.成绩单，副本，记录
Iheard that our teacher would post the academic transcript to us in several days.
我听说我们老师这几天将会把学生成绩报告单寄给我们。
24).flag n.旗
We will get up early to take part in the flag raising ceremony in our schoolyard
我们要早早起床去参加在我们校园里举行的升国旗仪式。
二、话题 必背短 语：
（6）cut 短语：
cut away 切除，剪去 cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减
cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入 cut in line 插队
cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半
cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应） cut out 删除，剪下来
cut the cost of … 降低……的成本 cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉
例如：
He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful.
A lot of trees there were cut down in the past.
The electricity was cut off because of the storm.
He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day.
Could you cut the pizza up, please?
三、话题 必背句 式：
6. It/This is the first/second…/last time／(名词) that sb has done sth. 这是。。。第一次做。。。
7. It was the first/second…/last time that sb had done sth.
1). It is the first time that he has been abroad.
2). This was the second time that he had been scolded by the boss in a month.
3). This is the first English novel that I have read.
8. It is (high/about) time that sb should do…现在是……的时候了./早就应该……了.
9. It is (high/about) time that sb did … ( 某人早该做…) [从句使用虚拟语气]
1).It is high time we stopped talking about this silly question.
2).It is about time that we should plant more trees to beautify our campus.
四、 话题精 读专练 ：
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2020·昆明市教学质量检测]Fiveyearold Prisilla Perez, a student at Meador Elementary
School in Willis, was unhappy with her recent haircut, which resulted from a severe disease. When
students in her class started calling Prisilla a boy, she felt ashamed, often crying and losing focus
in school.
Her teacher, Shannon Grimm, sympathized with her unhappiness. Grimm and Prisilla's
mom were concerned, but their ideas didn't work. “We had classroom discussions about how girls
have short hair and boys have long hair, and I showed them photos of movie stars with different
looks，” Grimm said. “However, it wasn't sinking in.”
Grimm thought about Prisilla throughout the winter break, and one morning, she had
an idea: Cut off her hair — a scary thought for Grimm, who wore her hair long and took pride in it.
“I've never had short hair, and I stressed about it for two weeks before making a decision，” she
said. On Jan. 4, Grimm invited a hairstylist friend to her home. “I told him to keep going, even if I
cried，” she said.
The class loved their teacher's new do, especially Prisilla who excitedly ran off the
school bus that afternoon yelling, “Mom, Ms. Grimm cut her hair！” The teacher also bought
matching bows for herself and the girl, so they could style their hair together.
In February, the teacher recommended Prisilla for the school district's Student of the
Month Award, but during the Monday ceremony, she received a surprise “hero medal” from the
girl. “Now we have matching awards，” says Grimm.
Prisilla's mother, Maria, said that Grimm's thoughtfulness brought her to tears. “I was
shocked. I was crying. I couldn't believe it — she did something I wouldn't have the bravery to do.
I will never forget that.”
1．Why was Prisilla unhappy at school?
A．She wasn't satisfied with her teacher.
B．She couldn't concentrate in class.
C．She was laughed at by her classmates.
D．She couldn't get on well with others.
2．What made Grimm have her own hair cut?
A．Praise from her students.
B．Devotion to her students.
C．Request of Prisilla's mother.
D．Suggestion from the hairstylist.
3．What can we know about Grimm?
A．She had her hair cut together with Prisilla.
B．She expressed her sincere thanks to her pupils.
C．She hesitated a lot before having her hair cut.
D．She won a gold medal for facing difficulties bravely.
4．What is the text mainly about?
A．How Grimm helped her student out.
B．What problem Prisilla had at school.
C．Why Prisilla won the Month Award.
D．When Grimm got her new hairstyle.
B
[2020·福建省质量检测]Australian adults want to see “life skills” introduced into school
curriculums, including money management, job preparation and domestic tasks. New research
from Monash University showed Aussie adults also widely supported the inclusion of technology,
coding and artificial intelligence subjects in student curriculums to prepare them for future jobs.
Coauthor Professor Neil Selwyn, from Monash's new Education Futures think tank, said
the survey results of more than 2,000 Australians had taken himself and Dr Deana Leahy by
surprise. “The life skills — I wasn't expecting that at all，” he said. Those quizzed were asked to
rate the value of a list of subjects already in the curriculum, but were also given an open space to
write what they think should be included. Prof. Selwyn said people called for schools to teach
financial skills, budgeting, cooking and doing taxes. “You could argue that these are things people
should be learning themselves, or learning from their families，” he said. “But we've got to be
thinking forward in terms of the skills people will need for jobs and their ways of living.”
One respondent said schools should introduce a “contemporary life skills” subject：“A
compulsory 1hour a week class on skills needed that parents seem continually unable to teach
their kids”. Suggestions for the class included resume writing, filing tax returns and health claims.
Another respondent called for students to be taught “general life skills” as unfortunately not
enough kids will have parents to actually be bothered to educate them or simply parents don't
know themselves.
Of the subjects, maths was the highest ranked (75.5 percent), followed closely by
English (74.8 percent). And while science was the third highest ranked subject (46.2 percent), it
was more strongly supported by those who earned higher wages and were universityeducated
compared to lower income earners.
Aspects of school life considered least important were students having fun, learning about
things that interested them and being given the opportunity to be creative.
5．Why did the adults suggest adding “life skills” to school curriculums?
A．To vary school curriculums.
B．To enrich students' school life.
C．To prepare students for future work and life.
D．To save parents the trouble of educating kids.
6．What did Prof. Selwyn think of the adults' suggestions?
A．Reasonable. B．Ridiculous.
C．Interesting. D．Impractical.
7．What does Paragraph 3 focus on?
A．Differences of school subjects.
B．Reasons for the school survey.
C．Opinions from the surveyed.
D．Investigations of the respondents.
8．What can we know from the text?
A．The present curriculums are to adults' taste.
B．Contemporary life skills involve resume writing.
C．Students' interests have been greatly promoted.
D．The parents quizzed think well of school life.
Ⅱ.完形填空
It was 1972, and I was in second grade. In the classroom the teacher, Ms. Boyette was
__1__ aloud to us from Island of the Blue Dolphins. And we had just come to a part of the book
where the main __2__ was training a wild dog. I was listening, fascinated by the __3__
of all.
Not far away from me, there seated a boy who always frightened or hurt others, so I
was __4__ of this boy. While Ms. Boyette was reading, I kept an eye on him. I __5__ that
he was listening too, that he was engaged by the __6__， that he was leaning forward in his
seat and listening with all his heart. I __7__ at him, openmouthed. I was struck that this
boy was in fact just __8__ me. He was a kid who liked a story. The boy must __9__
my eyes on him, because he turned. Then something __10__ happened. He smiled at me.
__11__， I smiled back, unafraid.
Why have I never forgotten this __12__ moment? Why do I still __13__ every
detail of it? I think it's because that moment illustrates so beautifully the __14__ of reading
out loud. It shows us into a safe room, where the reader and the listener can have that chance
to see each other. We humans long not just for the story, not just for the flow of language, but
for the __15__ that comes when words are read aloud.
1．A.shouting B．singing
C．talking D．reading
2．A.author B．character
C. reader D．listener
3．A.wonder B．silence
C．warmth D．comfort
4．A.aware B．terrified
C．bored D．guilty
5．A.predicted B．imagined
C．promised D．noticed
6．A.speech B．story
C．journey D．diary
7．A.pointed B．nodded
C．stared D．waved
8．A.behind B．beyond
C．around D．like
9．A.ignore B．feel
C．meet D．observe
10．A. useful B．natural
C．serious D．amazing
11．A.Then B．Again
C．Instead D．Besides
12．A.funny B．busy
C．lucky D．small
13．A.seek B．organize
C．recall D．trust
14．A.power B．courage
C．amusement D．ability
15．A.challenge B．knowledge
C．choice D．connection
话题二 学校生活(A)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 题材：学校生活 主题：Grimm 老师剪短头发以帮助 Prisilla
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了 Grimm 老师剪短头发以帮助学生 Prisilla
的故事。
【难句分析】 I couldn't believe it—she did something I wouldn't have the bravery to
do.
分析：句中“I wouldn't have the bravery to do”是省略了关系代词 that 的定语从句。
译文：她做了连我都没有勇气去做的事儿，我难以相信。
1．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“When students in her class started
calling Prisilla a boy, she felt ashamed, often crying and losing focus in school”可知，Prisilla 在学
校不开心是因为她被同学嘲笑。
2．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“Grimm thought about
Prisilla... she had an idea：Cut off her hair”可知，Prisilla 因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，为了安
慰 Prisilla，Grimm 老师决定把自己的头发剪短。由此可推知，Grimm 老师出于对学生的关
爱才剪短了头发。
3．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句中的“I've never had short hair, and
I stressed about it for two weeks before making a decision”可知，Grimm 老师剪短头发之前很犹
豫。
4．答案与解析：A 考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，Prisilla 因为是短头发而被同学嘲
笑，她在学校很不开心，Grimm 老师为了帮助、安慰她剪短了自己的头发，故 A 项正确。
B
体裁：说明文 题材：教育 主题：澳大利亚成年人想让“生活技能”引进学校课程
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。来自莫纳什大学的新的研究表明，澳大利亚成年人
广泛支持将科技、人工智能等科目引入学校课程，以让学生为他们未来的工作做好准备。
(think tank 智囊团)
【难句分析】 Those quizzed were asked to rate the value of a list of subjects already in the
curriculum, but were also given an open space to write what they think should be included.
分析：该句含有 but 连接的两个并列的结构，其中“what they think should be included”为
what 引导的宾语从句，作及物动词 write 的宾语。
译文：那些被询问者被要求评估已经在课程中的科目清单的价值，但也被给予了一
个开放的预留的空白处来写下他们认为应该包括的内容。
5．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句中的“Aussie adults also widely
supported the inclusion of...to prepare them for future jobs”，并结合该段内容可知，澳大利亚成
年人支持将“生活技能”引入学校课程旨在让学生为他们未来的工作和生活做好准备，故 C
项正确。
6．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“You could argue that...But we've got
to be thinking forward in terms of the skills people will need for jobs and their ways of living”可
推知，Selwyn 教授认为成年人将“生活技能”引入学校课程的建议是合乎情理的，故 A 项正
确。
7．答案与解析：C 考查段落大意。根据第三段第一句中的“One respondent said schools
should introduce a ‘contemporary life skills’ subject”和第三句中的“Another respondent called
for students to be taught ‘general life skills’”可知，第三段主要介绍了被调查者的观点，故 C
项正确。
8．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第三段第一、二句“One respondent said schools
should introduce a ‘contemporary life skills’ subject...included resume writing, filing tax returns
and health claims”可知，当代生活技能包括写简历、提交纳税申报单和健康索赔，故 B 项正
确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：阅读的力量
【文章大意】 作者通过回忆儿时的故事阐明了阅读的力量所在。
1．答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“come to a part of the book”和“I was listening”可推知，
当时老师在给学生们朗读小说，与下文中的“While Ms. Boyette was reading”呼应。
2．答案与解析：B 根据上文可知，老师在给学生们读小说的一个章节，并结合空后
的“was training a wild dog”可推知，此处表示小说中的主人公正在训练一只野狗。character“人
物，角色”。
3．答案与解析：A 根据空前的“fascinated by the”并结合语境可推知，作者被小说中的
奇妙之处迷住了。wonder“奇妙之处”。
4．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“I smiled back, unafraid”，并结合语境可推知，作者
害怕这个男孩。
5．答案与解析：D 根据上文中的“kept an eye on him”可推知，作者当时一直盯着那个
男孩，注意到了一些细节，与下文的具体描述呼应。
6．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“He was a kid who liked a story”可知，男孩被老师朗
读的故事吸引了。
7．答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“kept an eye on him”可推知，作者当时盯着那个男孩
看。
8．答案与解析：D 根据上文中的“I was listening, fascinated by the __3__ of all”可推知，
作者喜欢听故事，根据下文中的“He was a kid who liked a story”可推知，这个男孩也喜欢听
故事，作者意识到这个男孩和自己很像。
9．答案与解析：B 根据空后的“because he turned”可推知，男孩感觉到作者在关注着
他，所以转过头来。
10．答案与解析：D 根据下文的“He smiled at me”，并结合上文介绍的这个男孩经常
吓唬或伤害他人可推知，男孩对作者微笑是一件令人惊奇的事。
11．答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，作者给对方以微笑回应，由此可知前后句表示逻
辑上的顺承关系。then“然后”。
12．答案与解析：D 根据上文的描述可知，作者陈述的只是上课时的一个短暂的时刻
而已。
13．答案与解析：C 根据上文的描述和语境可推知，作者现在是在回忆儿时所发生的
事情。recall“回忆起”。
14．答案与解析：A 根据语境可推知，此处表示那个时刻美妙地阐明了大声朗读的力
量所在。power“力量”；courage“勇气”；amusement“娱乐”；ability“能力”。
15．答案与解析：D 根据上文所表述的大声朗读让朗读者和听众有机会看到彼此可推
知，大声朗读将朗读者和听众联系起来。
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