上海精安区2016-2020年五年高考二模英语试题汇编-语法填空专题含答案

1 上海静安区 2016-2020 年五年高考二模英语试题汇编-语法填空专题 2020 届上海市静安区高三二模英语试题 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Shop Where It’s OK to Be Different When Angela Makey knew her autistic (患自闭症的) son Adam wanted to open a comic shop, she laughed out loud. She knew he’d been keen on comics since childhood. But how would he deal with customers and suppliers and all the other jobs ___1___ are necessary for running a business? At that time, Adam was looking for a job. He had a degree in philosophy and had learned to live independently, but there didn’t seem to be any suitable jobs for him. The family ___2___ (hope) he and his younger brother Guy, also with autism, could find work that matched their strengths: reliability, punctuality and attention to detail. But there were no available opportunities. So the “laughable” comic shop idea began to grow on Angela. Eventually, she used her savings to buy a shop in Cambridgeshire, and seven years ago Niche Comics ___3___ (bear). Like many autistic people, Adam loves comics for their world of rich detail and visual expression. He developed an interest in Marvel comic heroes on TV ___4___ he was seven years old. “They are a reminder ___5___ it’s OK not to be like everyone else,” Adam said. He’s now 30, and comics and their heroes are still part of his life. In the comic shop, the brothers share their encyclopedic (渊博的) knowledge of comics with customers. The brothers act as guides in this universe, ___6___ (introduce) customers to new comics. The shop attracts many autistic customers. And being autistic ___7___ turns out to be a big help for the brothers to deal with customers. They are good at ___8___ (spot) the customers’ needs and feelings. “Maybe it’s the tone of the voice, the motion of a hand — small details that most people won’t pick up on — that I might have 2 insight (深刻理解) into,” says Guy. Of course, the majority of customers who come to the shop are not autistic. Now the brothers get a steady stream of customers who are, both male and female, ___9___ young children to retired people. Once the shop had established itself, the brothers also began reaching out to people with autism beyond the shop. Seven years on, Angela is glad she took the risk of helping her sons ____10____ (create) their dream shop. “This shop has a soul,” the mother says proudly. 【答案】1. that 2. had hoped 3. was born 4. when 5. that 6. introducing 7. themselves 8. spotting 9. from 10. (to) create 【解析】 本文是记叙文。讲述了安吉拉帮助患自闭症的儿子开商店，鼓励展现自身的不同，商店顾客们获得好评的 故事。 【1 题详解】 考查定语从句。先行词是 jobs，且被 all 修饰，在定语从句中做主语，指物用 that，故填 that。 【2 题详解】 考查动词时态。家里希望他和弟弟能够找到匹配他实力的工作，希望发生在 could 之前，用过去完成时， 故填 had hoped。 【3 题详解】 3 考查时态以及短语。句意：七年前，Niche Comics 出生了，用 be born 表示出生，seven years ago 用一般 过去时，故填 was born。 【4 题详解】 考查状语从句。当他七岁的时候，是时间状语从句，表示当......时候，从句的动词为非延续性动词，用 when 引导，故填 when。 【5 题详解】 考查名词性从句。它们提醒我们，不要像其他人一样，解释名词 reminder 内容，只起连接作用，用 that。 故填 that。 【6 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。兄弟们充当导游，同时介绍新漫画，分析句型得知，act 谓语动词，介绍和充当之间 没有连词，前后主语一致，表示主动用现在分词。故填 introducing。 【7 题详解】 考查反身代词。本身是自闭症结果帮助这对兄弟来和很多自闭症顾客打交道，反身代词他们自己，故填 themselves。 【8 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。介词后用动名词，be good at doing，故填 spotting。 【9 题详解】 考查介词。顾客群很稳定，有男有女，从小孩到退休老人。介词 from…to 表示从…...到......，故填 from。 【10 题详解】 考查动词不定式和固定短语。安吉拉很高兴帮助儿子创造了他们梦想的商店。帮助某人做某事 help somebody (to) do something，故填 (to) create。 2019 届上海市静安区高三二模英语试题 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically 4 correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. When Jennifer Lawrence tripped on her way to accept her best actress Oscar one year, her pink princess-like Dior dress ____21____(capture) in all its glory. The unscripted moment became hot topic throughout social media. That bonus air-time for a single dress at one of the worlds global events is priceless for the likes of Dior, one of the ____22____(influential) fashion houses in the luxury marketplace. Success on the red carpet can earn exposure and profits for luxury brands for years ____23____(come). The red carpet, which will be televised live before Academy Award ceremony, presents a great opportunity for a designer to reach an audience that expands ____24____the fashion setting. The Lawrence dress received about 40 million mentions on various social media. One way of estimating the monetary benefits of having a standout dress on the red carpet is to compare how much a brand would otherwise spend on commercial advertising during the same time. ____25____Lawrence had only 75 seconds of solo camera time for her Oscar acceptance speech, Dior had to pay more than $4 million for a commercial spot of the same duration on similar occasions. And this didn't include the time ____26____(devote) to Lawrence and her dress on the pre-show televised red carpet. Lawrence, 23, had an advertising contract with Dior. ____27____the group’s deal with Lawrence affected its sales was clearly stated in its annual financial report. That year, the group clothing section’s profits ____28____(total) 165 million euros, up 26 percent from the previous year. Heston, the founder of a publicity firm, ____29____success stories include introducing Jimmy Choo shoes and designer Saab to Hollywood, believes that the Oscar red carpet is today dominated by established luxury brands. Finding it much more difficult to compete with big brand names to dress super stars on big events, many young designers turn to _____30_____(bet) on promising rising stars, expecting an overnight success if the young stars rise to sudden fame. 【答案】21. was captured 22. most influential 5 23. to come 24. beyond 25. Although 26. devoted 27. How 28. totaled 29. whose 30. betting 【解析】 本文是一篇时尚类短文阅读。文章主要介绍一些奢侈品牌为了提高自己的知名度和影响力，与走红地毯的 大牌明星合作，而一些年轻设计师则把堵住压在有前途的新星身上，希望这些新星声名鹊起之后自己也一 夜成名。 【21 题详解】 考查谓语动词。主语 dress 与 capture 之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，根据文章可知用过去时态。句意： 她那件像公主一样的粉红色迪奥礼服尽显光彩。故填 was captured。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词最高级。one of 句型中的形容词用最高级形式。句意：在奢侈品市场上，最具影响力的时装公 司之一。故填 most influential。 【23 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。不定式作定语，表示动作未发生。for years to come 未来几年。句意：红毯上的成功可以 为奢侈品牌赢得未来几年的曝光率和利润。故填 to come。 【24 题详解】 考查介词。介词 beyond 表示“超出……之外”。句意：奥斯卡颁奖典礼前的红毯将进行现场直播，这为设计 师们提供了一个很好的机会，可以接触到时尚圈之外的观众。故填 beyond。 【25 题详解】 考查状语从句连词。句意：尽管劳伦斯只有 75 秒的个人镜头时间来发表奥斯卡获奖感言，迪奥却不得不 6 花费 400 多万美元在类似的场合拍下同样时长的广告。从句有 only，主句中 had to 表不得不，所以前后句 之间为让步关系。故填 Although。 【26 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这还不包括劳伦斯和她的礼服亮相电视红毯的时间。短语 be devoted to 作定语， 被动结构，故用过去分词。故填 devoted。 【27 题详解】 考查主语从句连词。句意：该集团与劳伦斯的交易如何影响其销售额，在其年度财务报告中有明确说明。 此处指这次交易如何影响销售，故用连词 how。 【28 题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：那一年，集团服装部门的利润总计 1.65 亿欧元，比前一年增长 26%。根据全文可知， 动词 total 用过去时态，主动语态，表示“利润总计为”。故填 totaled。 【29 题详解】 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：赫斯顿是一家公关公司的创始人，他的成功故事包括把周仰杰(Jimmy Choo) 的鞋子和设计师萨博(Saab)介绍给好莱坞。句中先行词为 Heston，在非限定性定语从句中作名词 success 的 定语，故用 whose。 【30 题详解】 考查非谓语动词动名词。前面的 turn to 的 to 是介词，后面接动名词形式。bet on sth.主动结构。句意：许 多年轻的设计师把赌注押在有前途的新星身上，希望这些新星声名鹊起之后自己也一夜成名。故填 betting。 2018 届上海市静安区高三二模英语试题 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Uh-oh, the new year's just begun and already you're finding it hard to keep those resolutions to junk the junk food, get off the couch or kick smoking. There's a biological reason why a lot of our bad habits are so hard to 7 break – they get___1___ (wire) into our brains. "Why are bad habits stronger? You're fighting against the power of an immediate reward," says Dr. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and an authority on the brain's pleasure pathway. "We all as creatures are behaving that way, to give greater value to an immediate reward as opposed to ___2___ is delayed," Volkow says. How this bit of happiness turns into a habit involves a pleasure-sensing chemicalnamed dopamine. It causes the brain ___3___(pursue) that reward again and again strengthening the connection each time – especially when it gets the right hint from your environment. People tend to overestimate their ability to resist temptations around them, thus ___4___(destroy) attempts to give up bad habits. Even scientists who recognize it ___5___ show weakness. "I know popcorns are not healthy. But every time I go to the cinema, I have to eat it," Volkow says， "It's fascinating." A movement to pay people for behavior changes may exploit that connection, as some companies offer employees outright payments or insurance reduction for adopting better habits. ___6___well paying for behavior plays out, researchers say there are still some steps that may help fight your brain's hold ___7___ newly-established habits: Repeat, repeat, repeat the new behavior – the same routine at the same time of day. You decide to exercise. Doing it at the same time of the morning, rather than fitting it in casually, ___8___ (make) the striatum(终脑皮 层)recognize the habit.Therefore, if you don’t keep doing it, you will feel frustrated. Exercise itself raises dopamine levels, so eventually your brain will get a feel-good hit ___9___ your muscles protest. Besides, try to reward yourself with ___10___ that you really desire. For instance, if you exercise all week or stick to your diet, you could try a fancy restaurant- safer perhaps than a box of cookies because the price inhibits the quantity. 【答案】1. wired 8 2. what 3. to pursue 4. destroying 5. can 6. However 7. on 8. makes 9. even if/even though 10. something 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了很难改掉坏习惯的生物学上的原因以及如何让大脑摆脱坏习惯的方法。 【1 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的许多坏习惯很难改掉，有一个生物学上的原因——它们与我们的大脑相连。 此处用“连系动词 get+过去分词”构成系表结构，强调所处的一种状态，故填 wired。 【2 题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：沃尔科夫说:“作为生物，我们都有这样的行为，就是为了让即时的回报比延迟的回 报更有价值”。opposed to 后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填 what。 【3 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它使大脑一次又一次地追求奖赏，每次都加强这种联系。cause sb to do sth 表示“使 某人做某事”，故填 to pursue。 【4 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们往往高估了自己抵抗身边诱惑的能力，从而破坏了改掉坏习惯的努力。People 与 destroy 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表还主动，用现在分词做状语，故填 destroying。 【5 题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：即使是认识到这一点的科学家也会表现出弱点。空后是动词原形，此处需要填情态 9 动词，根据句意可知此处表示“会、可能（会）”，故填 can。 【6 题详解】 考查副词。句意：研究人员表示，不管最终会付出多大的代价，还是有一些方法可以帮助你摆脱大脑对新 习惯的控制。根据句意可知此处表示“不管怎样、无论”，故填 However。 【7 题详解】 考查介词。句意同上，此处的 hold 为名词，表示“控制”，后接介词 on 表示“对……的控制”，故填 on。 【8 题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在早上的同一时间锻炼，而不是随意地去做，会让终脑皮层意识到这个习惯。 陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，动名词（短语）作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填 makes。 【9 题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：锻炼本身会提高多巴胺的水平，所以即使你的肌肉抗议，最终你的大脑也会得 到良好的刺激。根据句意可知前后是让步关系，此处表示“即使”，故填 even if/even though。 【10 题详解】 考查代词。句意：此外，试着用你真正渴望的东西来奖励自己。根据句意可知此处表示“某些东西”，用于 肯定句中，故填 something。 2017 届上海市静安区高三二模英语试题 Section A Di rections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The real reason you should never skip breakfast We always hear that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and now new research has confirmed 10 what we (21) _________ ( tell ) for years: skipping that morning meal is a very bad idea. New guidance released by the American Heart Association and(22) _________ ( support ) by British experts from the British Heart Foundation warns that skipping breakfast could raise your risk of obesity, diabetes and heart disease, the Daily Mail reports. The review, which was led by scientists from Columbia University in New York, also revealed that up to a third of adults didn’t have breakfast, (23) _________ snacking throughout the day instead –– resulting in health risks. After reviewing numerous studies, the team concluded that (24) _________ who ate regular, healthy breakfast every day were (25) _________ ( likely ) to overeat later on. As a result, their bodies had more time to burn off energy from food before bed. The team suggested we should all aim to eat between 15 and 25% of our daily energy intake early in the morning, which roughly (26) _________ ( equal ) 300-500 calories for a woman and 375-625 calories for a man. (27) _________ the team didn’t provide a sample breakfast, they suggested choosing meals that were high in vital nutrients, including fiber, calcium, potassium and vitamin D. Professor Marie-Pierre St-Onge, (28) _________ led the review panel, said: “Meal timing may affect health due to its impact on the body’s internal clock. We suggest that people eat mindfully, by paying attention to planning both what you eat and (29) _________ you eat meals and snacks, to combat emotional eating. Many people find that emotions can stimulate them to eat when they are not hungry, which often leads to (30) _________ ( eat ) too many calories from foods that have low nutritional value.” Lacking some inspiration for tomorrow morning? Check out our collection of fast and healthy breakfast ideas for a fool-proof start to the day. 【答案】 21. have been told 22. supported 23. before 24. those 25. less likely 26. equal(l)ed 27. While/Though/Although 28. who 29. when 30. eating 2016 届上海市静安区高三二模英语试题 Section A 11 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. ( A ) Is It Safe to Fly With an Infant on Your Lap? Federal ( 联 邦 的 ) transportation safety officials are using the deadly crash of an overloaded plane in Montana to restore (25) ______________ long-standing debate about whether small children should be allowed to travel on the laps (大腿部) of adults. The 10-seater plane crashed as it (26) ______________( land ) in Butte in March 2009, killing all 14 people aboard, including seven children. Investigators say that several of the children were found far from the plane, suggesting that they weren’t properly restrained. The National Transportation Safety Board is asking regulators to require all passengers to have their own seats and seat belts, including children under the age of 2,who(27) _______ _______ ( allow ) to sit on an adult’s lap now. The crash was so severe that it’s unlikely anybody would have survived even with proper restraints, (28) ______________ the “accident renews the NTSB’s longstanding concerns” about the restraints, the recommendation reads. The FAA ( 联 邦 航 空 局 ) agrees that the safest place for a child on a flight is in a seat using an(29) ______________ ( approve ) child restraint and not on an adult’s lap. But the FAA won’t make it a requirement because the agency believes many families with small children wouldn’t pay the cost of an extra ticket, and instead would travel by highway, which statistically is much more dangerous than air travel. Last decade, the FAA considered(30) ______________( change ) the rule, but decided against it, (31) ______________ ( refer ) to statistics ( 统 计 数 字 ) from 2004 showing nearly 43,000 people died on U.S. highways, compared to 13 on commercial flights. “What we found was (32) ______________ there were some parents who would be sensitive to price and they would choose to drive instead of fly,” FAA spokeswoman Alison Duquette said. “We would be forcing them 12 into automobiles, which are less safe.” ( B )[来源:Z,xx,k.Com] Computers and Girls The girls in this sixth grade class in East Palo Alto, California, all have the same access to computers as boys. But researchers say, by the time they get to high school, they are victims of (33) ______________ the researchers call a major new gender gap in technology. Janice Weinman of the American Association of University Women says, “Girls tend to be (34) ______________ ( comfortable ) than boys with the computer. They use it more for word processing rather than for problem solving, rather than to discover new ways in which (35) ______________( understand) information.” After re-examining a thousand studies, the American Association of University Women researchers found that girls make up only a small percentage of students in computer science classes. Girls constantly rate (36) ______________ significantly lower than boys in their ability and confidence in using computers. And they use computers less often than boys (37) ______________ the classroom. The instructor of this computer lab says he’s already noticed some differences. Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, “Boys are not so afraid that they might do something that will harm the computer, (38) ______________girls are afraid they might break it somehow.” The software company Purple Moon says it has found what girls want --- characters they can relate to and story lines relative to what’s going on in their own lives. Karen Gould of Purple Moon Software says, “What we have definitely found from girls is that there is no essential reason (39) ______________ they wouldn’t want to play on a computer; it was just a content thing.” The sponsor of the study says it all boils down to this --- the technology gender gap that separates the girls from the boys (40) ______________ be closed if women are to compete effectively with men in the 21st century. 【答案】 13 25. a 26. was landing 27. are allowed 28. but 29. approved 30. changing 31. referring 32. that 33. what 34. less comfortable 35. to understand 36. themselves 37. outside 38. while 39. why 40. must