新目标人教版八年级英语下册复习课件Units 1-2

1. _________ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的 2. _________ n. 发烧 sore fever 3. _________ v. & n. 放松；休息 4. _________ v. & n. 咳嗽 5. _________ v. (使)疼痛；受伤 _________ 过去式/过去分词 6. _________ adv. & prep. 离开(某处)；不工作；从……去掉 7. _________ prep. 向；朝 rest cough hurt hurt off onto 8. ____________ v. 压；挤；按 9. ____________ adj. 晒伤的 10. ___________ v. & n. 危险；风险；冒险 11. ___________ v. 义务做；自愿做 n. 志愿者 12. ___________ pron. 几个；数个；一些 13. ___________ adj. 强烈的；强壮的 14. ___________ v. 募集；征集 15. ___________ v. 修理；修补 16. ___________ v. 修理；安装 press sunburned risk volunteer several strong raise repair fix 17. ___________ v. 躺；平躺 ___________ 过去式 ___________ 过去分词 ___________ 现在分词 lie lay lying lain 18. ____________ n. 胃痛；腹痛 ____________ n. 牙痛 ____________ n. 头痛 19. ____________ n. 脚；足 ____________ 复数 stomachache foot toothache feet headache 20. __________ v. 呼吸 __________ n. 呼吸 21. __________ n. 登山者；攀登者 __________ v. 攀登 22. __________ n. 刀 __________ 复数 23. __________ v. 意思是；打算；意欲 __________ 过去式/过去分词 24. __________ n. 仁慈；善良 __________ adj. 善良的；仁慈的 breathe breath climb knife knives mean climber meant kindness kind 25. ____________ v. (用手或器具)击；打 ____________ 过去式/过去分词 26. ____________ pron. (she的反身代词)她自己 ____________ pron. (we的反身代词) 我们自己 27. ____________ adj. 生病的；有病的 ____________ 近义词 28. ____________ n. 重要性；重要 ____________ adj. 重要的 hit herself sick ill hit ourselves important importance 29. ___________ n. 决定；抉择 ___________ v. 决定 30. ___________ n. 死；死亡 ___________ adj. 死的 decide death dead decision 31. ___________ adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 ___________ adj. 孤单的；单独的 ___________ adv. 独自；单独 32. ___________ n. 满足；满意 ___________ v. 使满意；满足 ___________ adj. 感到满意的 satisfaction satisfy satisfied lonely lone alone 33. ____________ n. 物主；主人 ____________ adj. 自己的 34. ____________ adj. 破损的；残缺的 ____________ v. 打碎 ____________ 过去式 ____________ 过去分词 35. ____________ adj. 激动的；兴奋的 ____________ v. 使兴奋；使激动 ____________ adj. 令人兴奋的；使人激动的 ____________ n. 激动；兴奋 owner own broken break broke broken excite excited exciting excitement 36. ____________ adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的 ____________ v.使无能力; 使残废， 37. ____________ adj. 瞎的；失明的 ____________ adj. 聋的 38. ____________ v. 想象；设想 ____________ n. 想象；想象力 39. ____________ n. 困难；难题 ____________ adj. 困难的 disable blind deaf imagine disabled imagination difficulty difficult 40. ___________ v. 开；打开 ___________ v. 关 (反义词) 41. ___________ v. 训练；培训 ___________ n. 训练；培训 open close train training 42. ___________ v. 理解；领会 ___________ 过去式/过去分词 43. ___________ n. 兴趣；关注 v. 使感兴趣；使关注 ___________ adj. 感兴趣的 ___________ adj. 有趣的 understood understand interest interested interesting 1. _________________ 整个周末 2. _________________ 立刻；马上 3. _________________ 掌管；管理 4. _________________ 习惯于；适应于 5. _________________ 独自；单独 6. _________________ 打电话给(某人)；征召 7. _________________ 照顾；非常喜欢 8. _________________ (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来 9. _________________ 打扫(或清除)干净 all weekend at once / right away be in control of be used to by oneself call up care for cheer up clean up 10. _______________ 想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等) 11. _______________ 切除 12. _______________ 修理；装饰 13. _______________ 拍X光片 14. _______________ 陷入；参与 15. _______________下车 16. _______________ 离开；从……出来 17. _______________ 晒伤 18. _______________ 赠送；捐赠 come up with cut off fix up get an X-ray get into get off get out of get sunburned give away 19. ______________________ 分发；散发 20. ______________________ 放弃 21. ______________________ 分发 22. ______________________ 感冒 23. ______________________ 发烧 24. ______________________ 心脏有问题 25. ______________________ 流鼻血 26. ________________________________________ 胃痛 / 牙疼 / 嗓子疼 27. _______________________ 呼吸困难 give out give up hand out have a cold have a fever have a heart problem have a nosebleed have a stomachache / toothache / sore throat have problems breathing 28. ___________________ 及时 29. ___________________ 躺下 30. ___________________ 做决定 31. ___________________ 影响；有作用 32. ___________________ 推迟 33. ___________________ 筹钱 34. ___________________ 用尽；耗尽 35. ___________________ 建起；设立 36. ___________________ 以便 37. ___________________ 休息 in time lie down make a decision make a difference put off raise money run out (of) set up so that take a break / breaks 38. _____________________ (外貌或行为)像 39. _____________________ 冒险 40. _____________________ 量体温 41. _____________________ 多亏；由于 42. _____________________ 再三考虑；仔细考虑 43. _____________________ 使某人惊讶的；出乎某人的意料 44. _____________________ 参加……选拔；试用 45. _____________________ 曾经……；过去…… take after take a risk / risks take one’s temperature thanks to think twice to one’s surprise try out used to 1. Should I take my temperature? 2. … I feel very lucky to have him. 3. … it doesn’t sound like you have a fever. 4. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me. 5. I’d like to thank you for giving money to Animal Helpers. 6. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 7. This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports. 8. … he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. 1. lie 【归纳】 vi. 躺；平躺 lie down 躺下 位于；说谎 lie to sb 对某人撒谎 lie n. 谎话, 谎言 a white lie 善意的谎言 lie和lay lie lay 词义 存在；平躺； 位于 说谎；撒谎 放置；安放；产 (卵)；下(蛋) 词性 vi. vi. vt. & vi. 第三人称 单数形式 lies lies lays 过去式 lay lied laid 过去分词 lain lied laid 现在分词 lying lying laying 1) 按照括号内的要求写出下列单词的相应形式。(2020甘肃天水) lie (现在分词) ____________ 2) 从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每个 词或短语只能用一次）。(2020·江苏连云港) Look! The little cat ____________________. How lovely it is! lying is lying on the grass noise; easy; touch; lead to; lie on the grass; stay up; arrive in; go over; be proud of; make great efforts 【语境应用】根据语境推断单词意义。 1) Freezing weather in spring affected the hens’ ability to lay. 2) The village lies in a small wooded valley. 3) You could see from his face that he was lying. 4) The doctor says that Mary must lie down and rest an hour every afternoon. 下蛋 位于 说谎 躺下 【语境应用】根据语境用lie或lay的适当形式填空。 1) John is an honest (诚实的) boy. He never ________. 2) The black hen ________ a white egg yesterday. 3) Hainan ________ in the south of China. 4) Zhang Hong ________ her schoolbag on the desk and sat down. 5) He was ________ on the bed with all his clothes on. lies laid lies laid lying 2. rest n. & v. 放松；休息；剩余部分 【归纳】 have a rest = take a rest / break = rest 休息 【注意】 当the rest或“the rest of the + 名词”做主语时，谓语动 词要与the rest表示的名词保持一致。 【语境应用】完成句子。 这封电子邮件是写给我的，其余的电子邮件是写给你的。 This e-mail is for me, and _______________________ for you.the rest of the e-mails are 单项选择。 After a long walk, they felt really tired, so they decided to have a rest under the big tree. (2020贵州黔南中考) A. take a walk B. take a break C. have a picnic D. have a talk B 【归纳】 take breaks (take a break) 休息 break have a break (课间)休息一下 break the rule 违反规则 break the record 打破记录 break off 突然中止；中断 break down 停止运转；出故障 3. break n. 间歇；休息 v. 打破；打碎 【语境应用】用break完成句子。 1) 我们已经工作了十个小时，没休息。 We have worked for ten hours without _________. 2) There was a car accident yesterday because somebody _____________________. 3) My TV set _____________ last night, so I didn’t watch the game. 4) He _________________ for the world 100 meters last month. a break broke the traffic rules broke down broke the record 4. trouble n. 问题；苦恼 (不可数) 【归纳】 get into trouble 惹麻烦；陷入困境 trouble be in trouble 有烦事、有困难 have trouble in doing sth. 做某事有困难 【语境应用】 —Jack, I have ______ working out the math problem. —Don’t worry. Let me help you. A. fun B. trouble C. experience B 5. sick adj. 生病的；有病的 sick & ill 相同 生病的，都可作表语。 e.g. Alice was ill / sick yesterday. 不同 表“生病”时，sick可作定语，但ill不作定语。 e.g. Could you help the sick girl? 【语境应用】根据句意用ill或sick填空。 1) The driver sent the ________ baby to the hospital. 2) My brother is ________. I have to look after him at home. sick ill/sick 6. breathe v. 呼吸 【拓展】 breath n. 呼吸 【归纳】 breathe in 吸气 breathe out 呼气 take a deep breath 做深呼吸 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 【语境应用】翻译句子。 1) 鸟儿在自由地呼吸。 The birds are breathing freely. 2) 生活在这里的人们每天呼吸着脏空气。 People living here breathe dirty air every day. 3) 当你紧张的时候，你可以做一下深呼吸。 When you are nervous, you can take a deep breath. 7. risk n. & v. 危险；风险；冒险 【归纳】 take a risk / take risks 冒险 risk at risk 有危险，冒风险 at the risk of ... 冒着……的风险 take the risk of doing ... 冒……风险 【语境应用】翻译句子。 1) 老师冒着生命危险从那座楼里救出了男孩。 2) 我们将冒被困之险。 3) 别拿你自己的健康去冒险。 The teacher saved the boy from the building at the risk of her life. We’ll take the risk of being caught. Don’t risk your health. 8. mean v. 意思是；打算 【归纳】 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 meaning n. 意思，意义 meaningful adj. 有意义的，意味深长的 meaningless adj. 没有意义的 mean 【拓展】 mean to do sth. 打算去做某事 【语境应用】完成句子。 1) 我并不是要让你不高兴。 I didn’t _________________ you. 2) Without more data we cannot make a(n) ____________ comparison of the two systems. 3) I’m sure there’s no hidden __________ in what he says. mean to upset meaningful meaning 9. decision n. 决定；抉择 【归纳】 make a decision 做决定 decide v. 决定 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 【拓展】 — Mum, must I be a teacher like you when I grow up? — No, you needn’t. You can make your own _____________. (2020•山东滨州中考) A. difference B. discussion C. discovery D. decision D 10. death n. 死；死亡 (不可数名词) 【拓展】 词性 意义 用法 death n. 死；死亡 ∕ die v. 消失；灭亡； 死亡 表示“死亡”的动作，不能和表 示一段时间的状语连用 dead adj. 死的；失去 生命的 常和be动词连用(be dead)，表示 死的状态 dying adj. 临死的；垂 死的 是die的现在分词，不过常 用作形容词 dead, die, death & dying 【语境应用】用die的适当形式填空。 1) His grandma has been _______ for two years. 2) The lovely cat _______ on a cold night and its owner was very sad. 3) Look at the _______ dog; its mouth is still open. 4) His _______ was sudden and all of us were shocked completely. dead died dying death 11. notice n. 通知；通告；注意 v. 注意到；意识到 【归纳】 notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事 notice notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做某事(强调动作经常发生；或 注意到某事发生的全过程) 【语境应用】完成句子。 1) I saw a ________ (通知) on the blackboard. 2) I noticed Tony ______ a model plane in the living room. A. made B. making C. to make D. makes notice B 12. lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 lonely adj. 孤单的；寂寞 可作表语也可作定语，强调心理状态 和主观感受，突出感到孤独和寂寞。 alone adj. 单独的；独自 的 不能用于名词前，强调一人的客观状 态，只陈述一个客观事实，在句中作 表语。 adv. 单独；独自； 孤单地 相当于by oneself，在句中作状语。 lonely alone 【语境应用】 根据首字母的提示补全单词，使句子完整、通顺。将完整的 单词写在答题卷上。[2020新疆中考] The young man has no friends here, so he feels l________. 将下列句子翻译成英语。[2020四川内江中考] 他太小了不能独自去那儿。 lonely He is too young to go there alone. 【语境应用】完成句子。 1) 露西一个人的时候，通常会看电视。 Lucy usually watches TV when she is ______. 2) 我独自住在这个房子里，但是从不觉得孤独。 I live in the house _______, but I never feel _______. 3) 这个故事是关于一位孤独的老人和他的狗。 The story is about a(n) _______ old man and his dog. alone alone lonely lonely 13. repair v. 修理；修补 repair & mend repair 需要一定技术，东西比较复杂。宾语常是汽车、 房子、机器等。 His house is repaired once a year. mend 不用复杂的技术和工具，如补破洞、裂痕等。宾 语常是衣服、桌椅、玩具等。 14. difficulty n. 困难；难题 【归纳】 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 (2020·江苏淮安) The little boy has no __________ expressing himself clearly in English. difficulty 15. excited adj. 激动的；兴奋的 excited & exciting excited 作表语时，主语常是人；作定语时，常用来修饰人。 The excited people danced when they heard the news. exciting 作表语时，主语常是物；作定语时，常用来修饰物。 The movie isn’t exciting. 【语境应用】用excited/exciting完成句子。 1) They waited and waited for something ________ to happen. 2) The children were ________ about winning the football match. exciting excited 16. raise v. 募集；征集 raise rise  词汇 含义及用法 示例 raise (vt.， raised, raised) 使升高。强调“某 人把某物举起来” raise one's hand举手 增加 raise salaries 提高薪资 raise weight 增重 筹集(资金)； 征集(人员) raise money筹钱 raise an army招兵 抚养，养育 raise pets 养宠物 词汇 含义及用法 示例 rise (vi.， rose， risen) 上升。强调“某人/某物自 己站/升起来” The sun rises. 太阳升起。 The river rises. 水位上涨。 增长 The price rises. 价格上涨。 单词拼写。[2020贵州铜仁中考] As we all know, the sun _______（升起）in the east.rises 1. have a cold = catch a cold 感冒 患病短语： have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a fever 发烧 have a/an + 疾病名词 have a + 身体 部位 + -ache have a headache 头疼 have a stomachache 胃疼 have a toothache 牙疼 have a + sore + 身体部位 have a sore throat 嗓子疼 have a sore back 背疼 2. get off 下车 【拓展】get短语 get on 上车 get into 陷入；参与 get up 起床；起来 get back 回来 get out 出去 get ready 做好准备 get together 相聚 get over 克服 get on / along well with sb. 与某人和睦相处 3. be use to 习惯于……；适应于…… 词(组) 含义及用法 used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”，暗指现在不做了。 be/get used to doing “习惯于做某事”，to是介词。用be时强 调状态，用get时强调动作。 be used to do sth. “被用来做某事”。 2) 短文改错。（2020四川雅安） I have changed a lot during the past three years. I used to being weak and short. But now, I am strong and as taller as my father. He used to driving to work, but now he walks to work. be drive 【语境应用】 1) 改错。（2020黑龙江绥化中考） 单项选择。 3) I ______ sleep very well, but then I started doing yoga and it really helps. (2020甘肃武威中考) A. didn’t use to B. used to C. was used to D. wasn’t used to A 4) Gina used to live in the countryside with her parents, but now she is used to _____ with her classmates at school. (2020 四川广元中考) A. live B. living C. lived B 5) Li Ming used _____ on the right in China, but he soon got used _____ on the left in England. A. to drive; to drive B. driving; driving C. to driving; to drive D. to drive; to driving D 4. run out (of) 用尽；耗尽 run out (of) / run out run out (of) 及物动词短语，表主动意义，主语为人。 We ran out of coal and had to burn wood. run out 用完 不及物动词短语，指(人)把东西用完(或花完)，其 主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命的名词。 Our supply of food has run out. 【语境应用】 完成句子。 1) All our supply of food has _________. 2) We are _______________ our gas. We can’t go any farther. 3) His patience has completely _________. run out running out of run out 5. cut off 切除；剪下 【拓展】cut短语 cut down 砍倒；削减 cut up 切碎 cut in 插嘴；干预 cut in line 插队 cut out 删掉；切除 【拓展】 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事 keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 6. keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事；一直/不断地做某事 You’d better keep on exercising every day. 句子翻译。(2020辽宁铁岭葫芦岛) 最好每天坚持锻炼。 【拓展】give短语 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 give out 分发；散发 give away 捐赠；赠给 give back 归还 give in 让步，屈服 give off 散发（液体、气体等） 7. give up 放弃 1) Don't ________ our hopes. As long as we pull together, we'll make it. (2020·云南中考) A. give up B. give out C. give back D. give away 2) －Why don’t you________ smoking? It’s very harmful. －I tried many times, but it’s really hard. (2020·四川乐山中考) A. give up B. ring up C. put up A 【语境应用】单项选择。 A 3) My brother often ________ his spare time to help me with my spoken English. (2020·江苏淮安) A. puts up B. gives up C. opens up D. tidies up 4) We are supposed to ______ smart phones and take more exercise instead. (2020安徽) A. take up B. put away C. look into D. give out B B 5) 将下列英语句子译成汉语, 汉语句子译成英语。(2020•山东 滨州中考) No matter how hard it is, Chinese women's volleyball team will never give up. 无论处境多难, 中国女排将永不放弃。 The/These new books will be handed out/given out tomorrow. 6) 根据所给中文完成句子翻译。(2020辽宁抚顺、本溪、辽阳) 这些新书明天分发。 7) 阅读下列各小题，根据汉语及句末括号内的动词提示，用 相关动词短语的适当形式完成句子。(2020湖北黄冈中考) 胡老师正在给学生们发新书。( give) Mr. Hu ______________ new books to the students.is giving out 8) Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the words given only one word for each blank. (2020黑龙江龙东中考) All the doctors and nurses didn't give up________ (save )the young man. saving 9) 阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子提示，用句末括号内的英语 单词完成英语句子。（2020·湖北襄阳） 当我们走进社区的时候，志愿者们正在分发一些新鲜蔬菜。 (give) When we came into the community, the volunteers _____________________________________.were giving away some fresh vegetables 【拓展】 catch up with（落后）赶上 keep up with 跟上，不落在……后面， 了解（最新的发展等） put up with 忍受，容忍 end up with 以……结束等 8. come up with 想出；提出 (主意、计划、回答等) come短语 come back 回来 come in 进来 come true 实现 come out 开花；出版；发行 come up 破土而出；发生 come on 快点；加油 根据所给中文意思，用英语完成下列各句。(2020·江苏淮安) 在七岁的时候，这个男孩经常想出一些有创意的想法。 At ______________ 7, the boy often _____________ some creative ideas. the age of came up with 【语境应用】 【拓展】put短语 put down 放下；记下 put out 熄灭 put away 收起来 put on 穿上；戴上 put up 张贴；搭起，举起 9. put off 推迟 1) A lot of schools across China _____ starting classes because of COVID-19. (2020四川凉山中考) A. put up B. put off C. put on D. put away 2) —How was your trip in the mountains last weekend? (2020•四 川泸州) —Fantastic. We even ______ a tent by the lake and lay in it. A. put on B. put off C. put down D. put up B 【语境应用】单项选择。 D 3) They had to _____ their school trip because of the bad weather. (2020黑龙江绥化中考) A. put up B. put off C. put away 4) —It is very cold outside, dear. You have to _______ your warm jacket. (2020湖北黄冈中考) —OK. I will, Mom. A. put on B. put off C. take off D. take up B A 5) 根据所给汉语提示完成句子。(2020甘肃武威中考) 由于新冠疫情,东京奥运会将被推迟举办。 Tokyo Olympics is going to be ______ ______ because of the COVID-19. put off 【拓展】hand短语 hand in hand 手拉手 hand in 交上去 out of hand 难以控制；无法控制 10. hand out 分发 1) —I don’t know how to ______the old clothes. —You can give them away to the charity. [2020新疆中考] A. hand in B. deal with C. take up D. clean up 2) 根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空一词。(2020·内蒙古通辽中 考) 我们必须及时上交作业。 We must ________ ________ our homework in time. B 【语境应用】单项选择。 hand in 【拓展】call短语 call on sb. 拜访某人 call for 要求，需要 call off 取消 11. call up 打电话给(某人)；征召 【拓展】try短语 try for 试图获得，力争，赢得 try on 试穿（衣物） try one’s best 尽力 12. try out 参加……选拔；试用 1) The coat looks very nice. Can I _______? (2020黑龙江绥化中考) A. try it on B try on it C try them on 2) 根据所给汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。(2020天津中考) 你如果喜欢这件外套, 为什么不试 If you like the coat, why don't you ______ it ______? A 【语境应用】单项选择。 try on 13. take after (外貌或行为)像 take after / look like take after 尤其是像自己的长辈。 Mary really takes after her mother. look like 用于各种场合，既可指人也可指物，一般只 指外表看上去像。 The man looks like our headmaster. Linda takes after her father. They are both outgoing. The underlined phrase means . （2020·黑龙江牡丹江市） A. follows sb. quickly B. is similar to C. looks like B 【语境应用】单项选择。 【拓展】set短语 set about 开始（做某事） set down 放下；记下 set off 动身，出发 set out 动身，出发；着手，开始 14. set up 建起；设立 阅读下列各小题，根据汉语及句末括号内的动词提示，用相关动 词短语的适当形式完成句子。(2020湖北黄冈中考) 中国在很多国家已经建立了5G基站。(set) China _____________________ 5G stations in many countries.has(already) set up 【语境应用】 1. What’s the matter ? 常用来询问病情或某人遇到了什么麻烦、问题等，也可以用 来询问某物出了什么故障。 “What's the matter (with sb.)？”的答语常用“have＋a＋表 示疾病或病痛的名词”短语回答。 得知某人生病或住院后，常用“I'm sorry to hear that.”来回 答。 What’s wrong (with sb.)? 某人怎么了？ What’s the matter (with sb.)? What’s the trouble (with sb.)? What’s up with sb? What’s happened to sb.?What’s the problem with sb.? — ________？ — I have a stomachache. Maybe I need to see a doctor. A. What are you going to do B. What do you like C. What's the matter with you D. What do you look like C 【语境应用】单项选择。 2. …the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 强调动作正在进行 see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事 强调动作经常发生或看到某事发生的全过程 改错。（2020黑龙江绥化中考） Jim’s grandfather was seen enter the room just now. to enter 根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子(2020山东威海中考) 昨天我在海滩上散步的时候，看到一个画家在画画。 When/While I was walking on the beach. I saw a penitent/an artist drawing/painting（a picture） yesterday. 3. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. so…that… 如此……以至于…… so …that…+否定句 = too…to e.g. He is so young that he can’t go to school. = He is too young to go to school. 4. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. make it possible (for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成为可能 情态动词should / shouldn’t (Unit 1) 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 should “应该”，表示要求和命令， 也可以表示劝告或建议。 后跟动词原形，没有人称和 数的变化。 You should have a good rest first. 表示征询意见，常用于疑问 句中。 When should we begin our discussion? shouldn't “不应该”。 You shouldn't start eating first if there are older people at the table. 反身代词 (Unit 1) 反身代词由“人称代词的宾格或形容词性物主代词+-self / - selves”构成,有人称和数的变化，“本人；本身”，为加强语 气也常译为“亲自；自己”。 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 用法 例句 作宾语，位于动词 或介词之后 Everyone celebrated the labour festival and enjoyed themselves（they）. 作表语，位于系动 词之后 The poor boy in the story was myself（I）. 作同位语，位于名 词或代词之后，或 位于句末 England itself (it) is part of an island， and you are always near the sea. 反身代词通常用在一些表达中： dress oneself 给自己穿衣服 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 help oneself to sth. 随便吃点…… learn by oneself 自学 teach oneself 自学 cut oneself 割 / 切着自己 take care of oneself 照顾自己 hurt oneself 伤着自己 keep ... to oneself 保密 动词不定式 (Unit 2) 动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成的，有时to可以省略， 它是非谓语动词的一种。 动词不定式在句子中不能单独作谓语，也没有人称和数的变 化，其否定结构是“not to +动词原形”。 动词不定式在句中的作用 1. 作主语。动词不定式作主语时，可用形式主语it代替，而 把真正的主语——动词不定式后置。 e.g. To drive so fast is dangerous. =It is dangerous to drive so fast. 2. 作表语。 e.g. His dream is to be a doctor. 3. 不定式作宾语 常位于谓语动词之后。后常用动词不定式作宾语的动词/词组有： agree同意 afford负担得起 choose 选择 dare 敢 decide 决定 expect 期望 help 帮助 hope 希望 manage设法 offer 提供 plan计划 prefer 更喜欢 promise 许诺 prepare 准备 refuse 拒绝 want/would like 想要 wish 希望 4. 不定式作宾语补足语 常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的词（组）有： advise建议 allow允许 ask要求 expect期望 force强迫 teach教 encourage 鼓励 invite邀请 order命令 tell告诉 want想要 warn警告 wish希望 would like 想要 1) 在使役动词及感官动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略 to。但在变被动句时，需要补上不定式符号to （let除外），这 类词常用的有： 一感：feel    二听：listen to， hear 三让：let， have， make 四看：watch， see， look at， notice e.g. His funny action made me laugh. →I was made to laugh by his funny action. 2) help后带to或不带to均可。 e.g. She still works there once a week to help kids (to) learn to read. 5. 作定语。动词不定式作定语时，要放在所修饰词的后面。 e.g. The best way to learn English is reading aloud. 6. 作状语。 动词不定式作状语时，可表示目的、结果等。 e.g. To get a good seat she arrived at the hall early. (表示目的) The boy is old enough to take care of himself. (表示结果) 注意： 1. what, which, who, where, when, how等疑问词与不定式连用， 在句中起名词的作用，可以作宾语。 e.g. He doesn’t know what to do next. 2. had better, would rather, have nothing to do but ..., Why not ...?, Will / Would / Could you please ...?后面接不带to的动词不定式。 e.g. You had better do some exercise every day. 使用动词不定式的固定句型/结构： 1) It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了 2) It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 某人花费多长时间做某事 3) It's time for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事的时候到了 4) adj.＋enough to do sth. 足够……做某事 5) too...to... 太……而不能…… 6) a/an＋ adj.＋way to do sth. 一个……的做某事的方法 7) be able to do sth. 能够做某事 8) take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事 1. —I don’t care what people think. — Well, you_______. Some opinions are worth weighing. (2020湖北武汉中考) A. might B. should C. could D. would 2. —Lily is intelligent and hard-working, she _______ do well in the singing competition. (2020青海中考) — Sure. She was born to be a singer. A. should B. might C. can’t B A 3. He _______ sleep, although he tried to. One cup of coffee in the late afternoon caused him to stay awake almost all night. (2020内蒙古呼和浩特) A. wouldn't B. shouldn't C. couldn't D. mustn't 4. —Where’re my keys? I’m afraid I lost them again. —Don’t worry! With the new lock, you ______ search for them any more. (2020辽宁营口) A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t C D 5. Don't ask what this country can do for you. Ask ________ what you can do for this country. （2020·湖北孝感中考） A. yourselves B. you C. themselves D. them 6. Boys and girls, you should look after ______ when your parents are not at home. (2020重庆中考A卷) A. himself B. herself C. yourselves D. themselves 7. You can’t taste Lu Xun’s writing style until you read his works for __________. (2020江苏盐城中考) A. yourself B. myself C. himself D. itself A C A 8. Li Lei and his cousin made some zongzi by _______ during the Dragon Boat Festival. (2020福建中考) A. them B. they C. themselves 9. We enjoyed ________ at the English party last weekend. (2020广西百色) A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves 10. Lisa plans _________ a new picture next week. (2020·吉林) A. draw B. to draw C. drawing C D B 11. ________the project as planned, they need to work two more hours a day. (2020内蒙古呼和浩特) A. To finish B. Finishing C. Finish D. To be finished 12. Teachers expect all their students________ progress day by day. (2020山东青岛中考) A. to make B. make C. to take D. take 13. A group of students from Hongqi School hope ______ out school art festival next week. (2020辽宁营口) A. join in B. to join in C. joining in D. joined in A A B 14. A CCTV news reporter will come to interview Wang Lin tomorrow. Please tell her _______ . (2020青海中考) A. not to be late B. not to come C. to watch TV 15. —The movie The Wandering Earth is wonderful. Do you feel like ________it tonight? —I’d love to, but my parents won’t let me _________out too late. (2020四川自贡中考) A. watching, to stay B. to watch, staying C. watching; stay A C 16. — Don't forget off the lights when you leave the classroom. —OK. I'll do that. (2020四川内江中考) A. turn B. turns C. turning D. to turn 17. The doctors and nurses managed _____ the lives of patients, though they didn't have enough medicine. (2020·江苏苏州中 考) A. save B. saving C. to save D. to saving D C 1) 单词拼写(2020广西百色) Kids shouldn’t _______(swim) in the river without adults. 2)请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空(2020·江 苏南京) It's popular _________(hire) a boat and row on the Xuanwu Lake. swim to hire 4) 词汇考查 (2020甘肃武威中考) Borrowers are expected ___________(return) books on time.to return 3) 根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。(2020江苏淮安) Social workers in our community are patient enough __________ (explain) how to register Huaishangtong(注册淮上通). Something is wrong with my father's new computer. It always turns ______ (it) off. to explain itself 4) 词汇考查 (2020甘肃武威中考) Borrowers are expected ___________(return) books on time. 5) 完成句子 (2020湖北黄冈中考) 对全世界来说，齐心协力抗击新冠肺炎很重要。( pull) It is important for the whole world _______________ against COVID-19. to return to pull together 6) 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上下文，写出空缺处各 单词的正确形式。每空只写一词。(2020·江苏苏州中考) — Would you please tell me something about _________? — OK. My name is Simon. I am studying at Sunshine Middle School. yourself 8) Complete the sentences with proper forms of the words given. （2020·黑龙江大庆） In the cartoon, Tom and Jerry make ____________ (they) at home, which causes a lot of trouble. themselves 7) Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. (2020上海中考) The boy started to live in school and learn to manage time by_________ . (he) himself 社会交往(Social communications) 就医(Seeing the doctor) ► A: What’s the matter (with you)? B: I’m not feeling well / I don’t feel well. A: Let me examine you. Oh, it’s nothing serious / there’s nothing wrong with you. You’ve got a bad cold. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. You’ll be all right soon. ► A: What’s your trouble? B: There’s something wrong with my throat. A: How long have you been like this / When did it start? B: For a week / It started three days ago. A: Have you taken any medicine / Have you seen a doctor? B: No, I haven’t. A: Take the medicine twice a day. You’ll get well soon. ► A: What’s wrong (with you)? B: I feel terrible / bad / awful. A: Have you taken your temperature? B: Yes. I’ve got a fever. A: I think you’ve got the flu / a bad cold. Take the medicine three times a day and drink more water. You will feel / get better in a week. 卫生与健康 【写作任务】 现在，戴眼镜的学生越来越多；为此，国家把每年 6 月 6 日 定为爱眼日。请你结合自己，就如何爱护眼睛，给校报英语栏目 写一篇短文。包括： 1. 吃有益于眼睛的食物； 2. 多做眼保健操，长时间用眼后可看看远方； 3. 养成良好的用眼习惯，如：不躺着玩手机/看书等。 注意：1. 词数 80 词左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 【思路点拨】 1. 定基调 体裁：说明文 时态：一般现在时 人称：第二人称 2. 谋布局、写句子 1) 众所周知，眼睛是心灵的窗户。 As we all know, eyes are the windows to the soul. 2) 下面是一些关于眼睛健康的建议。 Here are some suggestions for good eye health. 3) 多做眼保健操使眼睛放松。 Do more eye exercises to make your eyes relax. 4) 长时间学习后不时地向远处看是很有帮助的。 It’s helpful to look far away from time to time after studying long. 5) 不要卧床看书或使用手机。 Don’t read books or use a mobile phone in bed. 3. 巧衔接 ① 介绍如何爱护眼睛时，可以用first, second, also, finally这些 词来列举爱护眼睛的方法； ② 总结全文内容时，可以使用in a word, all in all或in short之类 的表达引出对整个上文归纳的句子。 4. 成篇章 Nowadays, more and more students are getting near-sighted, so National Eye Care Day is set on June 6 every year. …. 5. 化“平凡”为“非凡” Eat some foods that are good for your eyes, such as carrots and eggs. →Eat right to protect your sight. For example, you can eat carrots and eggs. Nowadays, more and more students are getting near-sighted, so National Eye Care Day is set on June 6 every year. As we all know, eyes are the windows to the soul. We should try our best to protect them. Here are some suggestions for good eye health. First, eat some foods that are good for your eyes, such as carrots and eggs. Second, do more eye exercises to make them relax. Also, it’s helpful to look far away from time to time after studying long. Finally, make sure to have a good eye habit. Don’t read books or use a mobile phone in bed. In a word, eyes are so important that all of us should do what we can to keep them healthy. Ⅰ. 从方框中选择合适的单词填空，使每个句子在结构、句意和 逻辑上正确。 1. Matthew _________ and cleared his throat. 2. I can’t thank you enough for your __________. 3. Let’s _______ some money for the school band. 4. My brother cut himself on a piece of _______ glass. 5. Rick was _______ yesterday, so he didn’t go to the movies. kind, sick, lonely, important, cough, hurt, break, raise coughed kindness raise broken sick 6. Sandy feels very _______ because she has no friends to talk with. 7. Mr. Li gave the students a talk on the ____________ of being on time. 8. I have to see the doctor because my stomach _______ badly. kind, sick, lonely, important, cough, hurt, break, raise lonely importance hurts Ⅱ. 根据语境，从方框中选择恰当的短语填空，有的需要变换形 式。 1. Henry ___________ the bike because there was something wrong with it. 2. My brother stayed late and helped me _____________ the living room after the party. 3. Grandpa always ___________ Sarah when she is sad. 4. The government is considering ___________ a new school for those kids. clean up, cheer up, call up, set up, fix up, cut off, put off, get off fixed up (to) clean up cheers up setting up 5. Someone ___________ Jill just now, but he hung up before she could answer the phone. 6. —How can I get to the nearest bank? —Take the No.1 bus and ___________ at the third stop. 7. To save his life, the doctor had to ___________ his left leg. 8. Since a third of the people were absent, the manager suggested ___________ the meeting until next Monday. clean up, cheer up, call up, set up, fix up, cut off, put off, get off called up get off cut off putting off Ⅲ. 根据上句完成下句，使两句意思相同或相近，每空一词。 1. We’ve nearly used up the paper. We’ve nearly _______ _______ _______ the paper. 2. Susan looked after us very well. Susan _______ _______ us very well. 3. The doctor told my uncle to stop smoking. The doctor told my uncle to _______ _______ smoking. 4. Maria can’t finish the work on her own. Maria can’t finish the work _______ _______. run out of cared for give up by herself 5. My grandfather often read in the morning in the past. My grandfather _______ _______ _______ in the morning. 6. I can’t think of any more ideas right now. I can’t _______ _______ _______ any more ideas right now. 7. We won the game because of hard work from everyone in the team. We won the game _______ _______ hard work from everyone in the team. used to read come up with thanks to Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。 1. 我睡觉前妈妈给我量了体温。 Mom _______ _______ _______________ before I slept. 2. 没有人知道谁掌管这个俱乐部。 Nobody knows who _______ _______ _______ _______ the club. 3. 我大学毕业时捐赠了我的大部分书。 I _______ _______ most of my books when I left college. 4. 出乎每个人的意料，这个计划成功了。 _______ _______________________ _________, the plan succeeded. took my temperature is in control of gave away To everyone’s / everybody’s surprise 5. 我妈妈习惯于每天早起。 My mother ________ _______ _______ _______ up early every day. 6. 我认为如果我们迟到五分钟将不会有影响。 I don’t think it _______ _______ _______ __________ if we’re five minutes late. 7. 有像Ms. Han这样的好老师我们都觉得很幸运。 We all _______ _______ _______ _______ such a good teacher as Ms. Han. is / gets used to getting will make a difference feel lucky to have 8. 对我们来说电脑使我们更多地了解世界成为可能。 Computers _______ _______ ________ for us _______ _______ more about the world. 9. 30名学生参加了足球队的选拔，但只有20名被选中。 30 students _______ _______ _______ the soccer team, but only twenty were chosen. 10. Mrs. Wang让Brian 快点把这些书分发了。 Mrs. Wang asked Brian _______ ___________ _______ these books quickly. make it possible to learn tried out for to give / hand out Ⅵ. 单项选择。 1. — Jack, you swam very well. Who taught you? — Nobody. I taught _______. A. I B. me C. myself D. mine 2. When times are difficult, tell _______ that pain is part of growing. A. you B. yourself C. your D. yours 3. Our teachers and parents will be proud of us because we have grown up and can be responsible for _______. A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourselves C B B 4. —Betty, I am not good at English. Could you help me, please? —Sure. I’ll do what I can _______ you improve your English. A. help B. to help C. helping 5. —I tried to make Alice _______ her mind but I found it difficult. —Well, I saw you _______ that when I went past. A. changed; do B. changes; doing C. change; to do D. change; doing 6. He ran as fast as he could _______ the bus but he failed. A. catch B. to catch C. caught B D B