We're trying to save the earth单元课件

The earth is polluted. air pollution The factories that burn coal pollute the air with a lot of black smoke. Factories put waste into the river. water pollution mobile phone pollution litter v. 乱扔 n. 垃圾(不可数) rubbish waste 垃圾，废弃物 People should throw away litter in the bin. noise pollution There are more cars on the road. 1a Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution. Write them in the box below. Then add more words. noise pollution ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ air pollution ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ water pollution ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ loud music planes mobile phones factories cars smoking ships factories littering rubbish building housesbuilding houses loud music cars rubbish planes littering ships factories smoking building houses mobile phones 1b Listen and complete the sentences. What was the problem? The river was _____________. Even the bottom (底部) of the river was full of _________. There were no more ______ for fishermen (渔民) to catch. really dirty rubbish fish What caused the problem? People are throwing _______ into the river. Factories are putting ______ into the river. How should the problem be solved? We should write to the _______________ and ask them to ____________ the factories. Everyone should help to __________ the river. litter waste government close down clean up 1c The river was dirty. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. But it used to be so clean! Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river. Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up! Make conversations using the words in 1a. The river … Yes, … But I was there last weekend and the river was really dirty. What caused the problem? Factories are also putting waste into the river. People are throwing litter into the river. What should we do? We should write to the government and ask them to close down the factories. What else can we do? Everyone should help to clean up the river. 1. We’re trying to save the earth! 我们正在竭尽全力拯救地球! try to do =try one’s best to do 尽力去做某事 e.g. We’ll try to finish the work in a week. 我们将努力在一周内完成这项工作。 try doing sth. 试着做某事 try on 试穿 try out 尝试；试验；试试 用try短语的适当形式填空。 1) I went to the tailor’s to _________ my new suit. 2) Let’s _________ your method. It seems very good. 3) I think you should _____________ to improve your English. 4) Let me ____________ the story. 让我试着讲一讲这个故事吧。 try on try out try your best  try telling 2. Here are some words related to different kinds of pollution. be related to 与……有关 e.g. Is the driver relate to the accident? 司机和这起事故有关吗？ 2a Listen to the interview. Circle the kinds of pollution that Jason and Susan talk about. A. land pollution B. air pollution C. noise pollution D. water pollution 2b Listen again and complete the sentences. 1. The air is badly polluted because there are ___________ on the road these days. 2. Factories that burn coal also ________ the air with a lot of black smoke. more cars pollute 3. There is also too much rubbish and waste. People _____________________ things every day. 4. People are also littering in ______________ like parks. This is turning beautiful places into ugly (丑陋) ones. are throwing away public places Use the information in 2a and 2b to role-play conversations between Jason and Susan.2c The air has become really polluted around here. I’m getting very worried. Yes, I used to be able to see stars in the sky. The problem is that… What should we do to save the earth? Turn off the lights when you leave a room. 关掉 stop driving to take a bus stop using paper towels or napkins n. 餐巾, 餐巾纸 recycle books and paper v. 回收利用; 再利用 2d Read 2d and complete the chart. Pollution Ways to solve the problem air pollution waste pollution take the bus, subway or ride a bike instead of driving bring a bag to go shopping never take wooden(木头的) chopsticks or plastic forks when buying takeaway food throw rubbish in the bins Jason and Susan, what are your ideas for solving these problems? 1. It’s good for health and it doesn’t cost anything! cost v. 花费；使付出。指花费金钱，主语通常是物。 cost的过去式和过去分词均为cost。        sth. costs sb. some money 某物花费某人多少钱 e.g. The new shirt cost Mr Wang 200 yuan. 王先生花了200元买了新衬衫。 How much does the new computer cost? 新电脑花了多少钱？ pay, take &spend take，spend，pay都可以表示“花费”， 但它们的用法各有不同。 1) take多表示花费时间，常用于it takes sb. some time to do sth. 这一句型中，其中it作形式主语。 e.g. It usually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner. 2) spend多表示花费时间和金钱，主语通常是人，常用于sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.和sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doing sth.两种句型。 e.g. David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine. My father spends an hour (in) reading the newspaper every day. 3) pay多表示花费金钱，主语通常是人， 常用于sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句型。 e.g. Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday.  1. It takes sb. some time to do sth. (主语为it) 2. sb. spend(s) time/money on sth. (主语为sb.) sb. spend(s) time/money (in) doing sth. 3. sb. pay(s) money for sth. (主语为sb.) 4. sth. cost(s) sb. money (主语为sth.) 根据句意用take, spend, pay或cost的适当形式填空。 1. That new car ________ them lots of money. 2. Mona __________ 50 yuan on the books just now. 3. It usually _______ me an hour to do my homework. cost spent takes 4. You should ________ some time practicing your pronunciation. 5. My brother _______ 3,000 yuan for the new computer yesterday. spend paid 2. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future! make a difference (to…) 表示(对……)产生影响或作用 make no difference to 对……没有影响 e.g. Learning English well can make a difference to your future. 学好英语会对你的前途有影响。 3. Most air pollution is caused by the burning of fuels (燃料) like ________, gas and oil. 4. After your picnic, remember to pick up all your ________. 5. The new mobile phone ________ Sara 3,600 yuan last week. Ⅰ. 根据句意从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，有的需要变换形式。 1. Look! A boy is lying at the ___________ of the stairs. 2. The old man likes nature. He likes living in his small _______________ house on the mountain. coal, fisherman, plastic, bottom, advantage, wood, cost, ugly, litter bottom wooden / wood coal litter cost 6. Most of the ______________ in the village stayed at home today because of the bad weather. 7. Although the man is ________, he has a kind heart. fishermen ugly 8. To protect the environment, supermarkets don’t provide free ___________ bags to shoppers. 9. Riding bicycles has so many ________________, so bicycles are popular with people. plastic advantages Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 1. 房间里挤满了人。发生什么事了？ The room was _________ people. What happened? 2. 你应该交个笔友，用英语给她写信。 You should make a pen friend and __________ her in English. full of write to 3. 转学对我的一生有影响。 Transforming from one school to another _________________ to my life. 4. 为了盖房子马路边的许多大树已经被砍倒了。 Many big trees along the road have been __________ for building houses. made a difference cut down 5. 勇气对说好英语起着很重要的作用。 Courage ____________________________ speaking English well.plays an important part in The earth is badly polluted. Please make a poster and think of what we can do. 1. Copy the new words and remember them. 2. Read the listening materials of 1b, 2a. 1. 甚至河底都满是垃圾。 2. 这个镇上的每个人都应该参与清扫。 Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up. 3. 骑自行车有其它的优点。 4. 我买外卖食品从来不拿木筷子和塑料叉子。 There are other advantages of bike riding. I never take wooden chopsticks or plastic forks when I buy takeaway food. The earth is badly polluted. What should we do to save the earth? Let’s take action (采取行动) Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Recycle books and paper. Take buses instead of driving cars. There are some animals which are endangered. We should do something to protect the animals and the environment! The zoos provide homes for many endangered animals. 1. What do you know about sharks(鲨鱼)? 2. Do you think sharks can be endangered? Why? 3. What do you think might cause a fall in the number of sharks? Where shark fin soup is popular Number of sharks caught and traded every year How governments can help Two environmental groups against “finning” southern China 70 million develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins WildAid and the WWF 3a Read the passage about sharks and complete the fact sheet below. Retell the passage according to the words below. shark fin soup in southern China each time cut off no longer not only…but also… at the top drop be endangered the strongest around 70 million fallen by over 90 percent WildAid and the WWF develop laws scientific studies 3b Read the passage again and fill in the blanks with the words in the box. so although if but when 1. Many people do not realize they are killing a whole shark ______ they enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup. 2. Sharks are at the top of the food chain, ____ if their numbers drop, the ocean’s ecosystem will be in danger. when so 3. Many think that sharks are too strong to be endangered, _____ they are wrong. 4. ___________ there are no scientific studies to support this, a lot of people believe that shark fins are good for health. but Although 5. Sharks may disappear one day ___ we do not do something to stop the sale of shark fins. if 1. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. 没有鱼鳍，鲨鱼不能再游泳然后慢慢死去。 no longer 不再 = not…any longer/ not… any more no longer通常位于实义动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动 词之后 。 not ... any longer/anymore中的any longer/anymore总是放在 句末。 no longer与not ... any longer可以互换。 e.g. Mr Brown no longer works here. = Mr Brown doesn’t work here any longer/ any more. = Joe doesn’t like dancing any longer/ any more. Joe no longer likes dancing. 2. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. 这种方法不但残忍而且对环境有害。 not only…but also… 不仅……而且…… 用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中 的also有时可以省略。 e.g. She not only plays well, but also writes music. Not only does my sister sing well, but she dances well. Not only the students but also the teacher is working hard. not only置于句首时，常用_______语序。 not only... but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词需与_______ (前面/后面)那个主语在人称和数上保持一致，就近原则。 倒装 后面 同义句转换，每空一词。 (1) She and I have already been to Beijing. _____ _____ she _____ _____ I have already been to Beijing. (2) He likes to swim and he wants to teach the kids to swim, too. Not only _____ ___ _____ to swim, ____ he wants to teach the kids to swim. Not only but also does he like but (3) The twins were late this morning. Sam was late this morning, too. Not only the twins ____ ____ Sam ____ late this morning. ____ ____ Sam but also the twins _____ late this morning. was Not only were but also be harmful to 对……有害 be bad for 对……有害 e.g. Smoking is harmful to the health. 吸烟有害健康。 Playing computer games much is harmful to students. 电脑游戏玩太多对学生有害。 3. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. 鲨鱼位于海洋生物系统食物链的顶部。 at the top of 在……最高地位; 用最高[最大]的(速度, 声音等) e.g. He shouted at the top of his voice in order that he might be heard. 他尽力大声叫喊, 以便别人能听见。 4. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. 如果它们的数目降至过低，会给所有海洋生物带来危险。 此句复数形式的numbers表达全海洋中鲨鱼的总量。 In that country, the number of children going to school is higher in cities than in towns and villages. 在那个国家，城市儿童入学人数比乡镇及农村要高。 当表示数值的高或低时，number要用____________修饰。 常与number搭配的动词有grow, fall等。 high或low 根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，有的需要变换形式，每 词限用一次。 1. The king in the story was said to be very ________. 2. When we talk about _________, we always feel afraid of them. shark, ecosystem, law, cruel, science cruel sharks 3. I hope to study ______ after I enter the university. 4. They were using animals for ___________ experiments. 5. Every _____________ has a different food chain, depending on which animals and plants live there. scientific ecosystem law Write 5 measures to protect the environment. 1. 不同种类的污染 2. 河底 3. 把垃圾扔到河里 4. 在……中起作用 different kinds of pollution the bottom of the river throw rubbish into the river play a part in I. Check if you know these phrases. 5. 在中国南部 6. 对……有害 7. 在……顶部 8. 海洋生态系统 in southern China be harmful to at the top of… the ocean’s ecosystem II. Translation. 1. 这个方法不仅残酷还对环境有害。 This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. 2. 鲨鱼处于海洋食物链的顶部。 3. 许多人相信鱼翅对健康有好处。 Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. A lot of people believe that shark’s fins are good for health. Pay attention to the sentences. 1. We’re trying to save the earth. 2. The river used to be so clean. 3. The air is badly polluted. 4. No scientif ic studies have shown that shark f ins are good for health. 5. We should help save the sharks. Present progressive used to Passive voice Present perfect Modal verbs 现在进行时: Present progressive 结构: be (am/is/are) + v.-ing 标志词：Look, Listen, now, right now, these days, this month … e.g. Look! The boy is crying. Mr. Green is writing a book these days. 定义：表示说话时(瞬间)正在进行的动作, 也表示目前 或现阶段正在进行的动作。 What a fine day today! Look! What are they doing? used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事 , 而现在往往不做了 , 后 接动词原形。 be used to doing sth. 表示习惯于做某事 e.g. I used to get up at s ix o’clock. Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning. used to do与be used to doing 1. 她过去常常周末和朋友闲逛。 She used to hang out with friends on weekends. 2. 他习惯晚睡。 He is used to staying up. 被动语态：Passive voice 定义：表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象的 一种语态。 结构：be + 过去分词 e.g. A new school was built last year. Our classroom is cleaned every day. Translate the sentences by using Passive voice. 1. 刚才一些老年人参观了博物馆。 2. 工人们使用不同种类的机器工作。 The museum was visited by some old people just now. Different kinds of machines are used to work by the workers. 结构: has/have + 过去分词 标志词：already, yet, ever, never, since, for… e.g. I haven’t finished my homework yet. 定义：表示动作已经完成, 但对现在造成影响; 或者表示 从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能 持续下去的动作。 现在完成时: Present perfect Complete the following sentences. 1. I ___________ (be) in Beijing for two years. 2. I ______ never _______ (hear) of that man before. 3. Tom _____________ (work) there since two years ago. have been have heard has worked 4. The twins _____________ (wash) the clothes for an hour. 5. He ___________ (play) basketball since three years ago. 6. How long ____ Sally _____ (sing) yet? have washed has played has sung 1. 情态动词本身有一定的词义, 表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气, 但不能单独作谓语, 只能与其他动词构成谓语。 常见的有: can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。 情态动词 2. 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动 词后面加not。个别情态动词有过去式形式, 可用来表达更加客气、 委婉的语气。 e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala. Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old. You mustn’t play with fire. It is dangerous. 1. 我们不能在教室里吃东西。 2. 首先你必须完成作业。 3. 他现在不可能在家。 4. 她一定知道这个问题的答案。 We can’t eat in the classroom. You must finish your homework first. He can’t be at home now. She must know the answer to this question. 4a Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Joe: ______ you ever _______ (take) part in an environmental project? Eric: Yes, I have. I _______ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was ____________ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city ______ ever ______ (have). Have taken helped considered hadhad Joe: How many people _____ (take) part? Eric: I ______ (think) more than 1,000 people ______ (come) to help out. Joe: That’s fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is _________ (try) to improve the environment. Eric: Yes, we can’t afford to _____ (wait) any longer to take action! took think came trying wait 4b Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box. People __________ think that big things _____________ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. may/might must/ have to can would could have to should must may/ might For example, you ______________ save electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You ________________ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. can/ could/ should could/ can/ should I think it’s a great idea that you now ________ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you _________________ ride your bike or walk. If it’s far, you __________ take the bus. have to can/should/ could can/could All these small things __________ add up and become big things that ________________ improve the environment. Let’s take action now! can/ could would/can/ could 4c Make a list of things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner. use public transportation (n.交通运输); turn off the lights when you leave a room; use reusable bags instead of plastic bags; ride your bike or walk to school or work; stop using paper napkins (n. 餐巾纸);recycle books and paper… I think that everyone should use public transportation. I disagree. It’s difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation… 1. We can’t afford to wait any longer to take action! afford v. 承担得起;买得起；提供, 给予 常与can, be able to连用 afford sth. 买得起/承受得起某物 afford to do sth. 有能力做某事/负担得起做某事 e.g. Can you afford the mobile phone? We can’t afford to pay such a price. afford & buy afford侧重“有经济能力买”，而buy则侧重“购买(这一行为)”。 表示“我买不起……”可以说I can’t afford ...，但不能说I can’t buy ...。 根据句意，用afford或buy的适当形式填空。 1) They can’t ________ to send their children to college. 2) Can you ________ a new car? 3) Helen ________ some fruit on her way home yesterday. afford afford buy 2. …save electricity by turning off the l ights when you leave a room. turn off 关掉 e .g. Please turn the television off before you go to bed. 睡觉前请关掉电视。 turn on 打开, 发动 turn around 转身 turn up 调高(音量) turn down 调低; 拒绝 turn into 变成; 进入 turn over 移交 拓展: turn相关短语 根据短文内容及括号内所给(短语)动词的提示，用正确的时态或语 态补全短文，使短文完整、通顺。 The clockwork radio (发条式收音机) is the only radio that doesn't need batteries (电池) or electricity. It is powered by turning the handle (手柄) for a minute. Nowadays, thousands of these radios (1)________ (make) every day. The clockwork radio (2)_______________ (invent) in 1991 by Trevor Bayliss, a British inventor. Trevor had the idea while he (3)________________(listen to) some news on the radio about are made was listening o was invented Africa. It (4)________________(report) that Africans were dying of Aids and there was no easy way to send them information about the disease. But no one would help Trevor develop his idea for a new kind of radio. Finally, in 1993, his invention (5)____________(show) on a TV program, and afterwards, a South African businessman (6)__________(hear of) Trevor's clever idea and contacted (联系) was shown was reported heard of him. The first Freeplay radios (7)____________(build) in South Africa in 1995. Since then, the radios (8)___________(be) a great success. Trevor has been given many prizes, including one from Nelson Mandela. Trevor (9)____________(hang) a letter on the wall in his house. It (10)____________(write) in 1991 by another engineer, who explained why he thought Trevor's idea for a clockwork radio couldn't possibly work! was written were built have been has hung Finish the exercises in the workbook. Don’t use paper napkins. What can we do to help save the earth? You can help reduce pollution by putting that soda can in different bins. Leave your car at home. Take a bus or ride your bike to work. Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Turn off the shower while you are washing your hair. recycle books and paper v. 回收利用；再利用 What can we do to help save the earth? Rank these items from the easiest (1) to the most difficult (5). ___ stop riding in cars ___ recycle books and paper ___ turn off the lights when you leave a room ___ turn off the shower while you are washing your hair ___ don’t use paper napkins 1a Recycling paper is really easy. I agree. But it’s hard to stop riding in cars. 1b Compare your answers in 1a with your partner. Listen and check (√ ) the things that Julia and Jack talk about. Things Julia and Jack talk about ___ turning off the lights ___ turning off the shower ___ not using paper napkins 1c ___ taking your own bags when shopping ___ not riding in cars ___ riding a bike ___ recycling paper Things Julia and Jack talk about Things Julia is doing now Things Julia will do in the future Things Julia would never do turning off the lights turning off the shower 1d Listen again. Check (√ ) the things that Julia is doing now, the things she will do in the future and the things she would never do. Things Julia and Jack talk about Things Julia is doing now Things Julia will do in the future Things Julia would never do not using paper napkins taking your own bags when shopping. not riding in cars riding a bike recycling paper 1e We really shouldn’t use paper napkins, you know. I know. I stopped using them last year. Make a conversation using the information from the chart above. Say what is true for you. You should turn off the shower when you’re washing your hair. Oh, I would never do that. I have very short hair, it only takes a few minutes to wash. We should take our own bags when we go shopping. Oh, that’s easy. I’ll do that from now on. What can we do to help save the earth? Show your own ideas. president n. 负责人；主 席；总统 work n. (音乐、艺术) 作品 metal n. 金属 Look at the title and the pictures in 2b. Can you guess what the passage is about?2a Rethink, Reuse, Recycle! What can you see in the pictures? What is it/are they made of? Do you think it is a good way to protect the environment? Read the passage and find the main idea of each paragraph. Para. 2 Para. 3 Para. 4 A. Bags made from clothes. B. Art pieces made of iron and other materials from old cars. C. House built of rubbish. Names What materials did they use? What did they make? Amy Hayes •windows and doors from old buildings that have been pulled down •an old boat •rocks •old glass bottles（n.瓶子） a house Read the passage again and complete the chart below.2b Names What materials did they use? What did they make? Jessica Wong Wang Tao old clothes; especially old jeans bags iron (n. 铁) and other materials from old cars beautiful art pieces 1. Amy recently won a prize from _______ 2. What does the sentence “she lives in a house in the UK that she built herself out of rubbish” mean? Read paragraph 2 and finish the two questions. the Help Save Our Planet Society. 她住在英国，房子是她自己用废弃物建造而成。 Read paragraph 3 and answer the questions. 1. Is Jessica Wong good at recycling? What does she do? 2. Where does she sell her bags? 3. What will she write in her book? Yes, she is. She uses old clothes that people don’t wear anymore to make bags. Her shop and website. New ways to use old clothes. Read paragraph 4 and complete the blanks. Wang Tao He makes beautiful art pieces with iron and other materials from _________. He hopes to set up a “metal art” theme park. old cars 2. Translate the sentence “Not only can the art bring happiness to others, but it also shows that even cold, hard iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity.” into Chinese. 艺术不但可以给人们带来快乐，而且也说明只需要一 点创造力，即使是冰冷、坚硬的铁也可产生活力。 1. Do you often throw away things you don’t need anymore? 你经常扔掉你不再需要的东西吗？ throw away 1) 扔掉, 丢弃浪费 (机会、优势或好处) 2) 错过(机会等)，放过；未能很好利用(机会等) 3) 浪费(时间、金钱等)乱花(钱等) 根据上面的不同意思翻译下列句子。 I never throw anything away. Don’t throw away this opportunity. It will be time and money thrown away. 我从来不扔任何东西。 不要错过这个机会。 这将是浪费时间和金钱。 2. She lives in a house in the UK that she built herself out of rubbish. build/make ... out of 用……建造/制造 e.g. He built a model ship out of wood. 他用木头造了个模型船。 Some birds build nests out of twigs. 一些鸟儿用细枝筑巢。 3. The top of the house is an old boat turned upside down. 房子的顶部是一条翻转过来的旧木船。 turned upside down 意为“被翻转过来的; 被颠倒过来 的”，作后置定语修饰boat。英语中短语和从句用作定语时, 一般置于名词之后, 作后置定语。 e.g. the sigh on the wall 墙上的标志牌 (介词短语后置作定语) the children boating on the lake 湖上泛舟的孩子们 (现在分词短语后置作定语) the stories invented by eight-and nine-year-olds 八九岁小孩子编写的故事 (过去分词短语后置作定语) a machine that can do many kinds of housework 一个能做多种家务的机器 (句子后置作定语) 2c Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases in the box. 1. Amy Hayes lives in the UK. Many of the old buildings in her neighborhood were ____________.pulled down put to good use build… out of pull down （拆下） set up known for not only… but also 2. All the rubbish and old things in Amy’s neighborhood were then _______________ when Amy built her house. 3. Amy is very creative. She _______ her front gate ________ rocks and old glass bottles. She put an old boat on top of her house. put built out of to good use 4. Jessica Wong sells her bags in a small shop, but she has also _______ an online business to sell them. 5. Though Jessica’s bags are made from old clothes, her bags are ___________ being cute and useful. set up known for 6. Wang Tao _________ makes large pieces of metal art that look like animals or humans, __________ makes smaller pieces for the home. not only but also 2d Underline the words in the passage based on the words below. What are the differences? think use environment usual recycle build create special recent important protect inspire think – rethink special – especially use – reuse, useful recent – recently usual – unusual environment – environmental recycle – recycling important – importance build – building protect – protection create – creative; creativity inspire – inspiration 1. Rethink, Reuse, Recycle! re-是最常用的前缀之一。它可以加在名词或动词前面，构成新的 名词或动词。re-表示以下三方面的意义： 1) 表示“回”或“向后”的意思。 e.g. return（回来） recall（回忆，召回） retract（缩回，取回） 3) 表示“再”、“重新”、“重复”的意思。 e.g. rethink（再思考）reuse（再运用） restart（重新开始）recycle（再利用） 2) 表示“相反”、“反对”的意思。 e.g. rebel（反叛，谋反） reverse （反转，颠倒） resist（反抗，抵抗） 2. She is a most unusual woman. un-前缀，常加在形容词、副词、分词、动词和名词之前；第一， 表示否定意义。第二，表示“反动作”, 即“相反的动作”。 e.g. uneconomic 不经济的 uncomfortable 不舒服的 unending 无尽的 unfortunate 不幸的 unusual 不平常的 unkind 不仁慈的 unbind 解开，释放 uncover 揭开……的盖子 unearth 由地下掘出 unbutton 解开钮扣 3. Nothing is a waste if you have a creative mind. -ive是形容词后缀, 一般表示有......的 create ﹢ -ive creative 4. Amy recently won a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society. recent﹢-ly recently形容词加 ly变副词 5. Amy is an inspiration (n.灵感) to us all. 后缀-tion附在动词后面构成名词 1) 当单词最后是t, d, te, de时，变名词加tion或者 ation, ition； 2) 当单词最后是元音字母时，变名词加sion等。 6. She especially likes to use old jeans to make handbags. special 和especial 是同义词， especially是especial 的副词。 7. The theme park to show people the importance of environmental protection. importance是important的名词。 environmental是environment的形容词形式。 protect ﹢-ion protection 2e Make a list of things that need to be done to save the environment. Which things can be done by common people every day? •take your own bags when you go shopping •spend less time in the shower •turn off the lights when you leave a room •take public transport rather than drive •avoid using air conditioners Which things have to be done by governments and organizations? Discuss these with your group. •educate the public •ensure that factories get rid of waste in a responsible way •preserve the forests •preserve endangered species •not allow activities that seriously endanger the environment Ⅰ. 根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出句中所缺单词。 1. You should always clean your mouth with a(n) ________ (餐巾纸) after meals. 2. ________(金属) can be used for making machines. 3. Who is the first black ___________(总统) of the USA? napkin Metal president 4. I think their love provides new ___________(灵感) for his music. 5. Do you know steel is made from ________(铁)? 6. Michael gave his wife a warm kiss before he walked out of the ______(大门). 7. The old man saved the money from ___________(回收利用) and gave it to Project Hope. inspiration iron gate recycling 8. How many ________(作品) by Jin Yong have you read? 9. Some parents don’t like uniforms. They think uniforms can affect children’s ___________(独创性). 10. Laura collected many glass ___________(瓶子) and sold them to a factory. works creativity bottles Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思及括号内所给英文提示语，将下列句子翻译成英 语。 1. 你应该好好利用你的业余时间。 (put ... to good use) 2. 那首歌给我带来许多回忆。 (bring back) You should put your spare time to good use. The song brought back a lot of memories to me. 3. 因为房子太旧了，所以上周被拆了。 (pull down) 4. 上个月爸爸用木头给我做了一个轮船模型。 (build ... out of ...) The house was pulled down last week because it was too old. Dad built a model ship out of wood for me last month. 5. 这些旧杂志不应该被扔掉。 (throw away) 6. 这个镇因产可口的水果而闻名。 (be known for) Those old magazines shouldn’t be thrown away. This town is known for its delicious fruit. 7. 他不但去过加拿大，而且还认识一些加拿大人。 (Not only ..., but also ...) 8. 看！小船在湖上倒着漂浮。 (upside down) Not only has he been to Canada, but he also knows some Canadians. Look! The boat is floating upside down on the lake. Survey the students in our class. Then take a class vote. Do you… Names recycle paper? turn off lights in the house? … 1. 停止乘小汽车 2. 回收纸 3. 用纸巾 4. 好好利用 5. 用垃圾建造房子 6. 倒置 7. 经营小生意 stop riding in cars recycle paper use paper napkins put to good use build a house out of rubbish turn upside down set up a small business 8. 回复，归还 9. 旧玻璃瓶 10. 拆下; 摧毁 11. 一个有创意的大脑 12. 开一个小店 13. 更受欢迎的作品 14. 给他人带来欢乐 bring back old glass bottles pull down a creative mind open a small shop more popular works bring happiness to others What should we do to save the earth? Turn off the lights when we leave a room. Take our own bags when shopping. Ride a bike. Recycle paper. Don’t use paper napkins. What should governments do to save the earth? They should close down the factories that put waste into the river. Set up a lot of dustbins on the street. Encourage people to use wooden chopsticks, plastic bowls and bags. Organize people to clean up the streets and rivers. Good environment Why Bad environment Why park the air is clean streets so many trees restaurants clean and tidy river a lot of rubbish so many cars air too many factories streets Think about the environment in your town/ city and complete the chart below. Which parts of the town/ city have a nice environment? Why are they nice? Which parts need to be improved? Why? 3a 3b Write a letter to the city mayor about the problems and your suggestions. In your letter, describe the environmental problems in your town/city. 1. What are the problems? 2. Where are they? 3. What or who is causing these problems? Then, give suggestions or possible ways to solve the problems. Ø I think that… Ø We should/ could… Ø I suggest… 本次写作内容是一封书信，信中首先要介绍你所在 城市存在有哪些环境问题，是谁造成的这些问题，然后 提出解决这些环境问题的方法和措施，可以结合3a中列 举的问题和前面学过的解决办法来完成这封信。 Dear Sir/ Madam, Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. With the development of the society, there are too many cars on the streets in our city. Cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe. Black smoke and poisonous gas are given off by factories. Factories also put waste into the river. And wherever we go, we can find rubbish. Now more and more people have realized these problems. I think that governments should take some measures to prohibit factories and develop laws to stop people from driving cars every day. I suggest everyone in our city should help to clean up the river and the streets. We should call on everyone to throw rubbish in the dustbins. I hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better. 1. Write different forms of the words. Then add more to each group. v.— n. pollute --- act --- protect--- inspire --- build --- create --- farm --- sing --- travel--- drive --- run --- write --- pollution action protection inspiration building creation farmer singer traveler driver runner writer n. — adj. fame --- wood --- science--- health --- south --- care --- rain --- cloud--- luck --- help --- color --- day --- famous wooden scientific healthy southern careful rainy cloudy lucky helpful colorful daily adj.— n. sunny --- noisy --- harmful --- beautiful --- different --- important--- woolen --- sun noise harm beauty difference importance wool adj. — adv. slow --- wide --- sudden --- real --- quick --- true --- possible --- happy --- loud --- quiet --- heavy --- easy --- angry --- good --- slowly widely suddenly really quickly truly possibly happily loudly quietly heavily easily angrily well 2. Match each statement with the grammar structure. Statement Grammar The river used to be so clean. Present progressive We have seen many changes in the environment. Modal verbs People should take public transportation more. Passive voice The river is polluted by factories. used to The air pollution is getting worse and worse. Present perfect 3. Write ways to cut down on these kinds of pollution. Kinds of pollution Ways to cut down water pollution land pollution noise pollution air pollution Stop factories from throwing waste into rivers. Try not to use plastic bags when shopping Cut down the number of cars. Reduce the number of factories that burn coal. Ⅰ. 根据句意及括号内所给单词的提示填空。 1. This law provides ___________(protect) for those animals in danger. 2. There are many tall ___________ (build) in the east of my city. protection buildings 3. There are so many _______________ (environment) problems in the world today. 4. Now Amy has realized the ____________ (important) of good health. 5. ___________(recent) my family moved into a new neighborhood. environmental importance Recently Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。 1. 刚才新来的老师在黑板的顶部写了他的名字。 The new teacher wrote his name ______________ the blackboard just now. 2. 请帮助我扔掉厨房里的大箱子。 Please help me ________________ the big box in the kitchen. 3. 上周五这对双胞胎姐妹参加了脱口秀节目。 The twin sisters ________________ a talk show last Friday. 4. 安娜好好利用了她爸爸给的零用钱。 The pocket money that her father gave her ___________________ by Anna. 5. 请在这个周末前归还所有图书馆的书。 Please _______________________________ all the library books by the end of the week. bring back / give back / return at the top of throw away took part in was put to good use Ⅲ. 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，补全文中所缺单词，使短文完整、 通顺。 All of us need a healthy environment. But every day we produce a lot of l_______(1). And it is h________(2) to our environment. Now our environment is becoming worse and worse. We must do something to save it. How do we take a______(3)? Here are some good ideas for you. First, don’t waste anything, including electricity. To save electricity,  itter armful ction we should turn off the lights when we leave a room. Second, when we go shopping, try to use r_________(4) bags instead of plastic bags. Try to use handkerchiefs (手帕) instead of paper napkins. Before t__________(5) away things, try to sort (把……分类) them. Try to r__________ (6) books and paper. If you do these things from now on, our environment will become better and better. hrowing ecycle eusable Ⅳ. 阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短 文完整、通顺。每词限用一次，其中有两个词是多余的。 fill, stress, afford, by, since, worry, include, popular, slow, share, control, it Coloring books are generally used by kids. But now they are becoming (1) ___________ among adults who don’t think they can really draw. Secret Garden is a coloring book for adults. (2) _______ has popular It become one of the best-selling books on Amazon. Secret Garden is a collection of black-and-white drawings and you can (3) _______ it with color. Like a treasure hunt, the book has all kinds of living things, (4) ____________ songbirds, butterflies and sharks hidden in a garden. It has sold more than 1 million copies in about 20 languages worldwide (5) ________ it was printed in 2013. Not only this, half of Amazon’s top 10 have been taken up (6) ______ coloring books for adults. These books have attracted (吸引) more and more adults. by fill including since Many famous persons are crazy about coloring books as well. American actress Zooey Deschanel once (7) ___________ a link (链接) about Secret Garden with her Facebook followers. Also, South Korean pop star Kim Ki-bum posted a picture from the book on the Internet for his followers. Coloring books can help reduce (减少) (8) ___________. “If I turn off the phone, computer and TV and only pay attention to choosing the right color ... and (9) ___________ filling up my page with color, all my (10) ___________ will disappear,” said Matt Cain, a novelist. worries shared stress slowly Finish the written task of 3b. Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 第一课时 Section A (1a－2d) • advantage名词，意为“优点；有利条件”。其反义词为disadvantage，意为“缺 点；不利条件”，是在名词前加否定前缀dis－构成。 • 【拓展】the advantage of……的优点 • give sb. an advantage 使某人处于有利地位 • cost的用法 • ①作动词，意为“花费(时间、金钱、精力等)”，其主语常为表示物的名词。 • eg：This book cost me 10 yuan.这本书花了我10元钱。 • Writing this book cost me a lot of time.写这本书花了我很长时间。 • ②作名词，意为“花费；价钱”。 • wooden形容词，意为“木制的；木头的”。 • eg：The floor was made of wooden blocks.地板是用木块拼成的。 • 【拓展】wood作不可数名词，意为“木头；木材”；作可数名词，意为“森林；树 林”，常用其复数形式woods。 • used to do过去常常 • turn…into…使……变成…… • be able to能够 • cut down砍倒；缩减 • instead of代替；而不是 • be good for对……有好处 • remember to do sth.记得要去做某事 • make a difference (to…)(对……)产生影响或作用 • lead to (道路)通向；导致 • 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示填空。 • 1．The ________(优点) of walking after dinner is to keep healthy. • 2．Everyone should stop using p________ bags to protect our environment. • 3．The villagers used to burn c________ to get warm. • 4．We can clearly see fish swimming at the b________ of the river. • 5．I think our uniforms are not beautiful at all.In fact they are very u________． advantage plastic coal bottom ugly • 6．Most of the ________ (fisherman) in the village stayed at home today because of the bad weather. • 7．Ann bought a pen yesterday.It ________ (cost) her 20 yuan. • 8．The box is ________(wood)．It's too heavy for Linda to carry. • 9．Everyone should play a part in ________(save) the earth. • 10．Don't throw the ________ (litter) everywhere.You should throw it into the bin. fishermen cost wooden saving litter • ( )11.(2018·新疆维吾尔自治区)—Wow，your sweater is very beautiful！How much is it? • —Thank you.It ________ me 30 dollars. • A．spend      B．paid     C．cost     D．take • ( )12.—Let's go hiking ________ staying at home，shall we? • —Good idea. • A．as well as B．in order to C．instead of D．even though • ( )13.We are trying our best ________ the environment. • A．protect B．to protect C．protecting D．protected C C B • ( )14.—Your bedroom is so dirty.Would you please ________，Peter? • —OK，mom.I'll do it right away. • A．set it up • B．put it on • C．pick it up • D．clean it up • ( )15.—I really love this band! • —________ I've got every CD they've made so far. • A．Me，too! B．Sounds good. C．I disagree. D．I hope so. D A • 16．你说的话对他的工作可能有影响。 • What you say may ________ ________ ________ to his work . • 17．我过去常常可以看到天空中的星星。 • I ________ ________ ________ able to see stars in the sky. • 18．教室里挤满了学生。 • The classroom ________ ________ ________ students. • 19．巫婆把王子变成了一只青蛙。 • The witch ________ the prince ________ a frog. • 20．请问，这条路通向火车站吗？ • Excuse me，does this road ________ ________ the railway station? make a difference used to be is full of turned into lead to Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 第二课时 Section A (3a－3b) • harmful形容词，意为“有害的”。常用于短语be harmful to中，意为“对…… 有害”。 • eg：It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful to our health.吸烟有 害健康，这是大家公认的。 • 【拓展】harm作动词，意为“伤害；损害”；作名词，意为“危害；伤害；损害”。 • eg：There was a traffic accident in this street，but no one was harmed. 这条街上发生了一起交通事故，但没有人受伤。 • It wouldn't do him any harm to work a bit harder.工作努力点对他没什么害 处。 • “in the last/past＋一段时间”构成的表示时间的介词短语，意为“在过去 的……(时间)里”，常与现在完成时连用。 • eg：The company has grown rapidly in the last five years.这家公司近五年 来迅速地发展壮大。 • too…to…意为“太……而不能……”。too为副词，后接形容词或副词的原级；to 为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 • eg：He is too young to go to school.他太小了，不能上学。 重点词组归纳 • a bowl of一碗 • cut off切下；切断 • not only…but also…不但……而且…… • no longer不再 • at the top of在……顶部或顶端 • the food chain食物链 • in fact事实上 • such as例如 • so far到目前为止 • 一、根据句意及汉语提示填空。 • 1．You will be punished if you break the ________ (法律)． • 2．I think it is a ________ (科学的) way to solve the problem. • 3．Don't be ________ (残酷的) to animals.They're our good friends. • 4．Polluted air and water are ________ (有害的) to people's health. • 5．More and more robots are used in the ________(工业)． law scientific cruel harmful industry 二、根据句意，选择方框中的单词并用其适当形式填空。 • 6．The ocean's ecosystem will be ________． • 7．In fact，about 70 million sharks are ________ and traded every year. • 8．She's going to work in the ________ part of China next year. • 9．I enjoy ________ time with my family on weekends. • 10．The radio says the clouds will ________ soon and then we can set out. endangered caught southern spending disappear 三、单项选择。 • ( )11.________，little Tom has remembered more than 200 Chinese characters. • A．In the past B．So far • C．In short D．In general • ( )12.(2018·黄冈)—Which show do you prefer，Running Man or The Reader? • —The Reader，of course.________ I ________ my brother likes it. • A．Both；and B．Neither；nor • C．Either；or D．Not only；but also • ( )13.The train traveled ________ fast for us to see much outside the window. • A．quite B．very • C．too D．so B D C • ( )14.Look！The factory is sending out ________ smoke.The government should do something to stop it. • A．nice B．harmful C．valuable D．serious • ( )15.The number of the students in this international school ________ by 1，000 since last year. • A．increase • B．increases • C．has increased • D．have increased B C 四、从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。(其中有两项多余) • A：Hi，Mary！I didn't see you yesterday.16.________ • B：Oh，I went to the cinema and saw a film. • A：17.________ • B：It's about animals. • A：18.________ • B：It was wonderful.But it also made me very sad. • A：Did you learn a lot from the film? • B：19.________ I learned a lot about the endangered animals.We can't see most of them on earth today. • A：Sorry to hear that. • B：I think we should do something to save them.Let's join the Love Animal Club first. C A F B • A：20.________ I think the club must be helpful and interesting. • B：I think so. • A．What is the film about? • B．Yes，I did. • C．Where did you go? • D．That's a good idea. • E．How are you feeling now? • F．How do you like the film? • G．What should I do? D Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 第三课时 Section A(Grammar Focus－4c)— 单元同步语法精讲精练 • 六大常考时态的主动语态构成 一般现在时 主语＋动词原形/第三人称单数＋其他 一般过去时 主语＋动词过去式＋其他 现在进行时 主语＋be动词＋动词－ing＋其他 过去进行时 主语＋was/were＋动词－ing＋其他 一般将来时 主语＋will/be going to＋动词原形＋其他 现在完成时 主语＋have/has＋动词过去分词＋其他 六大常考时态的被动语态构成 • *含情态动词的被动语态谓语构成为：情态动词＋be＋动词过去分词 时态 被动语态谓语构成 一般现在时 am/is/are＋动词过去分词 一般过去时 was/were＋动词过去分词 现在进行时 am/is/are＋being＋动词过去分词 过去进行时 was/were＋being＋动词过去分词 现在完成时 have/has＋been＋动词过去分词 一般将来时 will/shall＋be＋动词过去分词 • 注意问题 • ①主动语态中有些动词，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不带to的 动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态要带上to。如： • He made the boy work for him.The boy was made to work for him.那个 男孩被迫为他工作。 • ②动词短语变为被动语态时，动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。如： • The baby was looked after by her sister.这婴儿由她的姐姐照顾。 • used to do sth.语法精讲 • 1．用法 • used to后接动词原形，表示过去经常性或持续性的动作或状态，意为“过去常常”。 如： • I used to get up very early.我过去常常很早起床。 • When I was young，it used to be very cold in winter.在我小的时候，冬天经 常很冷。 • 2．句式 • 其否定形式为didn't use to do sth.或usedn't to do sth.；一般疑问形式为Used sb.to do sth.？或 Did sb.use to do sth.？；附加疑问句式为usedn't sb.或didn't sb.。 • 3．辨异 • be/get used to后面接名词或动词－ing形式时，表示“习惯于(做)某事”，其中to为 介词；be used to后面接动词原形时，表示“被用来做某事”。其中to是不定式符号。 如： • I'm used to walking to school now.我现在习惯步行去学校。 • The computer is used to store information.这台电脑被用来储存信息。 • 情态动词有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，须与动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人 的情绪、态度和语气。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 • can(could) • ①表能力，could表过去的能力。can与be able to的意义基本相同。但can只有一般 现在时和一般过去时，而be able to能用于各种时态。 • ②表可能性。 • ③表许可。口语中可代替may。 • ④can't表有把握的否定判断，意为“不可能”。could在口语中，常代替can来向对方 比较委婉客气地提出请求或表示看法。此时could不表示过去时。 • may(might) • ①用来征求对方意见，意为“可以”。口语性较强。might可以指过去的时间；也可指 现在的时间，语气更委婉。 • ②表猜测和对可能性的判断，意为“可能；也许”。might可以指过去的时间；也可指 现在的时间，但语气更加不肯定。 must • ①表说话人的主观意愿，意为“必须，应该”。无时态变化。其否定答语常用needn't 或don't have to，意为“不必”。注：have to意为“不得不；必须”，主要强调受 到外界客观因素的迫使。它可用于多种时态，且有人称和数的变化。 • must本身的否定形式mustn't意为“不许；一定不要”，表示禁止和告诫。 • ②表示对事物的推测，意为“想必；一定”，只用于肯定句。且比may的语气要肯定得 多。 • would • 作情态动词时，无人称限制，表意愿，常与like，love连用。 • should • ①表义务，意为“应该”(某件事宜于做)，用于各种人称。 • ②表推测，意为“想必一定；照说应该、估计”等。 一、根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 • 1．Some students are used to ________(ask) their parents for help when they meet trouble. • 2．There used ________(be) a quiet village there. • 3．You used ________(go) to school by bike. • 4．You mustn't ________(play) with the knife. • 5．Eric，your room is too dirty.It should ________(clean) right away. • 6．The white building ________(set) up three years ago. • 7．Miss Brown，we ________ (finish) cleaning our classroom.Can we go home now? • 8．We're proud that China ________ (become) stronger and stronger these years. • 9．I ________ (shop) with my parents when he rang me up yesterday afternoon. • 10．Stop smoking，Joe！You ________ (kill) yourself if you keep on doing it like that. asking to be to go play be cleaned was set have finished is becoming was shopping may/will kill 二、单项选择。 • 11．—Who is that lady? • —She's Miss Green.She ________ us music，and she is so good. • A．taught         B．teaches • C．will teach D．is teaching • 12．Last week Vivian ________ a dress for her mother with her first－month salary. • A．buy B．bought • C．will buy D．would buy • 13．When the baby dog ________，it was very hungry.So we gave it some food. • A．is found B．was found • C．has been found D．will be found B B B • 14．I think it is true that Jill ________ to work today because she is on a trip. • A．has come B．didn't come • C．is coming D．will not come • 15．Please don't make so much noise.The baby ________ now. • A．sleeps B．slept • C．will sleep D．is sleeping • 16．—May I speak to Mrs. Black? • —Sorry，Mom can't come to the phone now.She ________ a shower. • A．has B．had • C．is having D．was having D D C • 17．You ________ to the meeting this afternoon if you have anything important to do. • A．needn't to come B．don't need come • C．don't need coming D．needn't come • 18．My sister with my parents ________ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening. • A．are making B．is making • C．was making D．were making • 19．—What a nice watch！How long ________ you ________ it? • —For just two weeks. • A．will；buy B．have；had • C．were；having D．did；buy D C B • 20．We are going to take the high－speed train to Xi'an tomorrow，so an early arrival at the station ________. A．advises B．is advised C．is advising D．was advised 21．Football ________ to our school subjects last year. • A．is added B．adds • C．was added D．Added • 22．—Many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading books. • —That's too bad.Everyone ________ be a book lover.Reading is more enjoyable. • A．may     B．should     • C．would     D．could B C B • 23．Li Ming used ________ on the right in China，but he soon got used ________ on the left in England. • A．to drive；to drive B．driving；driving • C．to driving；to drive D．to drive；to driving • 24．These model cars ________ in China in 2017. • A．are made B．make • C．were made D．made • 25．—Your shoes are so old.Why don't you buy a new pair? • —Because I ________ all my money on an iPad. • A．have spent B．spend • C．am spending D．was spending D C A 本课时其他知识点精讲精练 • afford动词，意为“买得起；承担得起(后果)”，其后直接接名词、代词或动词不定 式作宾语，常与情态动词can，could或be able to 连用。 • eg：The poor parents can't afford to buy some new clothes.这对贫穷的父母 买不起新衣服。 • 重点词组归纳 • take part in参加 • turn off关掉 • pay for付费；付出代价 • take action采取行动 • 1．I don't have enough money to ________ ________ (为……付费) these books. • 2．Be sure to ________ ________ (关掉) the lights when you go out. • 3．The government ________ ________ (采取行动) to help the people in the train accident last week. • 4．Lily doesn't ________ ________ ________ (参加) any of the after－class activities. • 5．They walked home last night because they couldn't ________ to take a taxi. • A．leave  B．buy   C．afford  D．allow pay for turn off took action take part in C Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 第四课时 Section B (1a－1e) —Recycling paper is real ly easy.循环利用纸真的很容易。 • —I agree.But it's hard to stop riding in cars.我同意你的观点，但是停止开车很 难。 • ①recycle作动词，意为“再循环，回收利用”。前缀re－表示重复，意为“又，再”。 • eg：repeat重复 • reuse重新使用 • ②recycling paper是动词－ing形式短语作主语，其后的谓语用单数形式。该句可以 改写为“It's really easy to recycle paper.”。 • ③句中it为形式主语，to stop riding in cars是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。 • ④stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”；而stop to do sth.意为“停下正在做的事去 做另外一件事”。 eg：The baby stopped crying as soon as he saw his mom.这个婴儿一看见他的妈妈就停止了哭泣。 After two－hour work，we stopped to relax.两个小时 的工作以后，我们停下来去放松了一下。 【拓展】stop sb./sth.from doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某 事 【辨析】when，while与as • ①三者均可表示“当……时候”。若主句表示的是短暂的动作，而从句表示的是一段 时间，三者可通用。 • eg：I met Tom when/while/as I was walking along the street.当我沿街散 步时碰见了汤姆。 • ②when和while意为“当……的时候”，when可以表示时间点，也可以表示时间段， 谓语动词可以是终止性动词也可以是延续性动词。而while只表示“在某一段时间 里”，因此它引导的从句中的动词必须是延续性的。as则含有主从句动作同时发生 之意。 一、根据句意，选择方框中的单词并用其适当形式填空。 • 1．________ paper is a really easy thing for everyone. • 2．The girl doesn't have her ________ room. • 3．She went ________ with her sister in the supermarket yesterday. • 4．My brother is ________ a shower in the bathroom now. • 5．And if you have to cough，use your ________ to cover your mouth. Recycling own shopping taking napkin 二、单项选择。 • ( )6.________ I got home，my sister was doing her homework . • A．When     B．Because   C．If      D．Though • ( )7.—How can we deal with waste paper? • —The best way is to ________ it.We can save lots of trees by doing so. • A．clean B．recycle C．throw D．burn • ( )8.(2018·重庆)Please ________ the TV.It's time to go to bed. • A．turn on B．turn off • C．put on D．put off A B B • ( )9.It ________ our environment if we pour waste into the rivers. • A．is important to B．is harmful to • C．is necessary for • ( )10.—The traffic is becoming worse and worse in big cities because of private cars. • —________.People should use public transportation more often. • A．I agree B．I'd love to C．I hope not D．I'm afraid not B A 三、补全对话。 • A：Environmental problems have become more and more serious. • B：Yes，I think so.Last weekend I planned to swim in Qingcheng River.When I got there，I was shocked by what I saw.11.________ But now， it is full of rubbish，and there is no fish at all. • A：12.________ And the air pollution is serious，too.How I miss the blue sky and the fresh air！13.________ • B：First，we must take action from ourselves.14.________ • A：I agree.Being volunteers really helps. • B：Then，we need to invite more people to join us. • A：Good idea！But how can we do that? • B：15.________ • A：Sounds good！Let's do that! • A．What should we do? • B．That's terrible. • C．It used to be clean. • D．What about making a speech about the environment in public? • E．We can be volunteers to help protect the environment. 11～15．CBAED Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 第五课时 Section B (2a－2e) • 【辨析】be made (out) of，be made from，be made in，be made into， be made by与be made up of • ①be made (out) of意为“由……(原材料)制成”，一般来说从其制成品中能看得出原 材料，of后接表示原材料的名词。 • eg：The table is made of wood.这张桌子是由木头做成的。 • ②be made from意为“由(原材料)制成”，一般来说从其制成品中看不出原材料， from后接表示原材料的名词。 • eg：The paper is made from wood.纸是用木头制成的。 • ③be made in意为“在……(某地)生产或制造”，in后接表示地点的名词。 • ④be made into意为“被制成……”，into后接表示制成品的名词。 • ⑤be made by意为“由……(谁)制造”，by后接动作的执行者。 • ⑥be made up of意为“由……构成或组成”，表示某个整体是由若干个独立的部分组 成。of后接组成部分。 • work名词，意为“(音乐、艺术)作品；著作”，常用其复数形式works。 • She lives in a house in the UK that she built herself out of rubbish.她住在 美国，房子是她自己用废弃物建造而成。 • that she built…是一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词house。 重点词组归纳 • throw away扔掉；抛弃 • put sth. to good use好好利用某物 • hear of听说 • build/make…out of用……建造/制作 • pull down拆下；摧毁 • set up建立；设立 • be known for以……而出名 • bring back恢复；使想起；归还 一、根据句意及首字母提示填空。 • 1．The door was made of m________ and they couldn't break in. • 2．The US p________ will go on a trip in Europe. • 3．We will meet at the school g________ this afternoon. • 4．I'm thirsty.I'd like a b________ of orange juice. • 5．We can r________ the waste paper to make some money. metal president gate bottle recycle 二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 • 6．We all admire him because of his ________ (create)． • 7．Mo Yan is ________(know) for his wonderful works. • 8．Everyone should know the ________(important) of environmental protection. • 9．That is a very ________(use) book.You should read it carefully. • 10．Many artists and poets draw their ________(inspire) from nature. creativity known importance useful inspiration 三、单项选择。 • ( )11.The company wants to ________ a school for the poor children. • A．put off     B．set up      C．call in     D．look after • ( )12.—What do you think of my shirt？It ________ cotton. • —It looks nice on you. • A．is made in B．is made from C．is made of D．is made by • ( )13.In China it is a custom to give kids lucky money ________ during the Spring Festival. • A．finally B．luckily C．simply D．especially B C D • ( )14.—What soft and sweet music! • —Yes.It ________ a lot of beautiful memories to me. • A．gave back B．brought back C．took up D．gave up • ( )15.—Don't ________ the bottles and paper，they can be recycled. • —It's nice of you to remind me.All of us should help to protect the environment. • A．wash away • B．put away • C．throw away • D．run away B C 四、根据汉语意思完成下列句子，每空一词。 • 16．上个月他们用木材建造了一栋房子。 • They ________ a house ________ ________ wood last month. • 17．我想知道你是否把昨天的报纸扔了。 • I wonder if you have ________ ________ yesterday's newspaper. • 18．我认为你应该好好利用这本词典。 • I think you should ________ the dictionary ________ ________ ________. • 19．墙上的油画颠倒了。 • The painting on the wall is ________ ________． • 20．这些墙明年将会被推倒。 • These walls ________ ________ ________ ________ next year. built out of thrown away put to good use upside down will be pulled down Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 第六课时 Section B (3a－3b)— 单元同步作文指导 • 本单元的话题是“保护环境，关爱地球”。旨在唤起人们对环境、资源等方面的问题的 重视。在写此类文章时，应该理顺写作思路。首先描述当前恶化的环境问题；然后分析 造成这种现状的原因，从而突出采取行动的必要性；最后要将重心放在采取什么样的行 动上来。作为环保类的文章，要特别注意真情实感及语言的号召力。所以审题必须仔细， 构思必须严密。注意句式的变化，避免一种句式用到底的情况。长短句及连接词的应用 会使文章增彩不少。 • 此类作文常见句型： • ①I think…我认为…… • ②We should…我们应当…… • ③It's our duty to………是我们的责任。 • ④Water is one of the most important resources in our life.水是我们生活中最 重要的资源之一。 • ⑤It's necessary to save water.节约用水很有必要。 • ⑥We shouldn't kill the wild animals.我们不应该猎杀野生动物。 • ⑦We are (not) supposed to…我们(不)应该…… • 为响应我市全面创建国家卫生城市的号召，某校开展了以“绿色港城，健康生活”为主 题的英语征文活动。请你以“The Green City，the Healthy Life”为题，根据表格 中的图片及文字提示，简要描述并适当发表自己的观点，写一篇英语短文。 • 2．文中不得提及考生所在学校及自己的姓名。 • The Green City，the Healthy Life • As_a_citizen_of_Lianyungang，it's_our_duty_to_help build a green city so that we can live a healthy life.We can reduce air pollution by riding bicycles.It's better for us to put rubbish into the rubbish bin.In this way， we can keep our city clean.And we'd better plant more trees to protect the natural environment. • In my opinion，I'll try my best to make our city cleaner and more beautiful.Firstly，I can save water by taking shorter showers.Secondly，I can save energy by turning off the lights when I leave the room.In a word， everyone can do something to make a difference. • 节约资源，保护环境。从我们身边的小事做起，假设你是一个注重“低碳生活”的中学 生，请以“My Low－carbon Life”为题，写一篇短文，简单描述自己的“低碳生 活”。 • 提示：1.每天步行上学； • 2．离开教室时，关掉电灯、电扇、电视等； • 3．不用水时，记得关水龙头，循环使用水； • 4．充分使用纸张； • 5．不使用塑料袋。 • 参考词汇：on foot，turn off，tap，reuse，make full use of，plastic bag • 要求：1.词数80左右； • 2．不得出现真实的考生姓名、学校等信息； • 3．文章内容可涉及所给提示内容，并可适当发挥，但请不要逐条翻译。 • ________________________________________________________________________ • ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version： My Low－carbon Life It's our duty to protect the environment．The environment is becoming worse and worse．We must do something to prevent people from polluting the environment．First，we should go to school on foot and tell our parents to take the public transportation to work instead of driving cars．Second，we should save water and electricity by turning off the taps，fans，TV sets and lights in time when we don't use them．What's more，water should be reused．Third，it is good to make full use of paper．We should use both sides of the paper．By doing this，we can save many trees．At last，remember to go shopping with a basket or a cloth bag rather than plastic bags．I believe our life will become better and better if we can do these things． Lower carbon，happier life．Let's take action． Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 第七课时 Self Check 一、词汇运用。 • A)根据句意及汉语提示填空。 • 1．Mr.Wang rides to work every day because he can't ________(买得起) a car. • 2．We collect the waste paper to ________(回收利用) it. • 3．The city has developed into a center of ________(工业) • 4．Don't use ________(塑料的) bags. • 5．There are lots of ________(优点) of riding bikes. afford recycle industry plastic advantages • B)根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 • 6．My grandfather l ives in a ________(wood) house. • 7．You shouldn't drop ________ ( l itter) everywhere in public places. • 8．The story tells us about the local ________ (f isherman) daily l ife. • 9．The children can get a lot of ______________ (science) knowledge from such an interesting activity. • 10．It's ________ (harm) to your eyes to read in the sun. wooden litter fishermen's scientific harmful 二、单项选择。 • 11．—What they have done makes ________ difference to the park . • —Yes.They're great.They play ________ part in cleaning it up. • A．a；a    B．a；/    C．/；a    D．/；/ • 12．You must be very tired.Why not ________ a rest? • A．to stop to have B．to stop having • C．stop to have D．stop having • 13．—Where are you going this month? • —We ________ go to Xiamen，but we're not sure. • A．needn't B．must C．mustn't D．may A C D • 14．—Those people know how paper can be ________ wood. • —They're pretty smart! • A．made in B．made from • C．made of D．made into • 15．—Must I come to the party at 5 o'clock? • —No，you ________. • A．shouldn't B．needn't • C．couldn't D．mightn't B B 16．—Do you know what the clothes on show are made of? • —Used clothes.We can ________ old things to life. • A．bring back B．give out • C．take away D．try out • 17．If people ________ cutting down trees，the air ________ worse and worse. • A．keep；will be B．will keep；is • C．keep；is D．will keep；will be • 18．In our school library there ________ a number of books on science， and in these years the number of them ________ growing larger and larger. • A．are；is B．is；are • C．have；are D．has；is A A A • 19．The animals in zoos should ________ good care of. • A．be taken B．took • C．take D．be taking • 20．—How do you deal with your old books? • —I donate (捐赠) them to the children in the countryside instead of ________. • A．giving away them B．throwing away them • C．giving them away D．throwing them away A D 三、按要求完成下列句子。 • 21．I have already finished my homework .(改为否定句) • I ______________ my homework ______________. • 22．She can not only sing well，but also write songs.(改为倒装句) • ____________________ well，but also can write songs. • 23．We're trying to_protect_the_environment．(对画线部分提问) • ________ are you trying ________ ________？ • 24．His father was an actor in the past，but now he isn't.(改为同义句) • His father ________ ________ ________ an actor in the past. • 25．He used to drink too much cola.(改为否定句) • He ____________________ drink too much cola. haven't finished yet Not only can she sing What to do used to be didn't use to 四、从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。(其中有两项多余) • A：What are you going to do this weekend? • B：26.________ • A：Really？I think it is a good topic. • B：27.________ It is said that some factories pour waste water into the river near our city. • A：28.________ They are polluting the water. • B：Yes.So I want to do a survey to get some information for my report.29.________ • A：Sure，I'd love to.Let's work together. • B：The city is our home.30.________ • A：You're right.When shall we do it? • B：How about this Saturday? • A：OK.I'll be free then. • A．It is our duty to make it beautiful. • B．Would you like to help me do it? • C．What kind of pollution do you think is more serious? • D．That's too bad! • E．The pollution around us is more serious than before. • F．I plan to finish a report about pollution. • G．What is the project about？ 26～30．FEDBA 五、完形填空。 • I am Grace Cortese，and I am 10 years old.I believe I can make a difference in __31__ the environment，because my science teacher， Mrs.Esby，tells us that there are many things we can do to help protect the environment __32__ we are willing to change our habits. • Every year at my birthday party，I __33__ charitable donations instead of gifts.When I was eight，I asked my friends to donate to the Natural Resources Defense Council to save the polar bears.I __34__ almost $ 150.Last year，my friend，Mary，also did that.Imagine how much money we could raise to save the environment if everyone asked for charitable donations __35__ their birthdays! • My whole __36__ is doing things to help protect the earth，too.Our school makes a carpooling(拼车)program to reduce the number of cars on the road，and we have a “Walk to School”day once a year.__37__ science teacher，Mrs.Esby，has a “Teenie Greenies” club at lunch and she teaches a class on how to recycle after school.And we __38__ do beach clean－up. • If you __39__ to do something for the environment，look through the website Grades of Green.It is __40__ of great ideas for us to reduce，reuse and recycle waste，and it also has a lot of really interesting facts. •                      31．A.using B．protecting • C．cleaning D．preventing • 32．A.even if B．until C．because D．if • 33．A.ask for B．look for C．pay for D．send for • 34．A.sold B．borrowed C．raised D．rented • 35．A.to B．for C．with D．from • 36．A.school B．home C．factory D．office • 37．A.Her B．His C．Your D．My • 38．A.still B．yet C．also D．already • 39．A.want B．use C．enjoy D．refuse • 40．A.short B．full C．tired D．fond 31～35．BDACB 36～40．ADCAB 六、阅读理解。 • How green are you？Do you know how to be green？We all need a healthy environment，but we produce waste every day and it is harmful to our environment.Though we are young，we can still do something to help.Here are some ideas for you. • Reduce • Reduce means “use less”．Don't waste things.This saves money and reduces pollution.Before we buy something new，think whether it is really necessary—or maybe the old one is still useful. • Reuse • Reuse means “use again”．When we buy things，make sure that they can last a long time.When something is broken，we should repair it instead of throwing it away and buying a new one.Don't use a paper cup or a paper bag.It's better to use a china (瓷) cup and a lunch box because you can use them again. Recycle Recycle means “change things into something else”．Though it takes energy to change something into something else，it's better than throwing things away or burning them. So please remember these words：reduce，reuse and recycle. 41．What is the passage about? • A．How to produce things. B．How to burn things. • C．How to be green. D．How to help others. • 42．Which of the following is right? • A．Always throw away old things. • B．Don't waste things. • C．Always buy new things. • D．Never buy new things. C B • 43．The underlined word “last” means “________”． • A．中断 B．持续 • C．终止 D．凑合 • 44．It is better to use a china cup and a lunch box because we can ________ them. • A．reuse B．reduce • C．repair D．recycle • 45．The passage may come from a ________. • A．menu B．dictionary • C．storybook D．magazine B A D Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth! 单元同步阅读精练 一、完形填空。 • Turn on the tap (龙头) and there is water.Getting water is so __1__ that you may think that there is an endless supply (供应)．But it is not true.70% of the earth is __2__ by water—we should call __3__ planet “ocean” not “earth”！But most of the water is salt water，leaving only a __4__ percent of fresh drinking water.Some __5__ including Spain，Italy，China and South Africa __6__ buy water from countries such as the US and Australia. • Each person in the UK uses about 150 liters (升) of water a day.__7__，each person in some countries only has 5～10 liters of water a day.We should help save water.Let's have a look at __8__ you can help： • Get your teeth into it.We brush our teeth twice a day and __9__ turning the tap off while we brush we can __10__ 5～10 liters of water. • Don't use the toilet as a wastebasket.Every time you flush (冲) used paper， waste food or other small bits of rubbish，__11__ water is used. • Make use of rain.__12__ rainwater in a water butt (桶) in your garden is a great way of collecting and reusing the water to keep plants __13__ in summer. Reuse.__14__ bathwater with your family to reduce __15__ and water use.Or，set yourself a challenge to cut down your shower time by 1 or 2 minutes. 1．A.important  B．diff icult   C．easy   D．early • 2．A.reached B．dropped C．knocked D．covered • 3．A.his B．her C．our D．their • 4．A.small B．big C．bad D．deep • 5．A.cities B．countries C．villages D．towns • 6．A.quickly B．differently C．especially D．actually • 7．A.Finally B．Anyway C．However D．Instead • 8．A.when B．how C．why D．where • 9．A.by B．from C．with D．as • 10．A.waste B．save C．change D．improve • 11．A.less B．more C．better D．worse • 12．A.Producing B．Preventing • C．Canceling D．Collecting • 13．A.healthy B．quiet C．terrible D．slow • 14．A.Require B．Find C．Share D．Spread • 15．A.scores B．speed C．costs D．time 1～5．CDCAB 6～10．DCBAB 11～15．BDACC 二、阅读理解。 • A • Why is clean water so important to developing countries？A recent report shows that about 80 percent of diseases in developing countries are caused by poor water and low sanitation (卫生) conditions.In those countries，women and girls spend several hours collecting water，but often polluted，far away from their families.The polluted water more or less influences their health.In this case，there is an urgent (迫切的) need for people in developing countries to have access to (有机会或权利使用) clean water to improve their health. • Here is a short story about Hadjara Zakari，a 12－year－old girl in Niger.Having access to clean water changed her life.She learned about the importance of hand－washing when the school first received clean water three years ago.That evening，she told her father，“You shouldn't eat with me unless you clean your hands.” Her father was very angry and shouted at her，“It's not up to you to tell me what to do！” Stunned (目瞪口呆的)，Hadjara sat in silence.But she knew she was right.In protest，Hadjara refused to eat dinner that night.After her father questioned Hadjara's head teacher，he understood the importance of hand－washing and his daughter's intentions (目的)．The girl really wanted her family to live longer and healthier lives. For people in developing countries，clean water can change many things，especially improve their health.So，from now on，let's avoid wasting water and take action to save water，which is important to people all over the world. 16．According to the recent repor t，poor water and low sanitation conditions can cause ________. • A．traffic problems B．forest fires C．many illnesses • 17．The key to improving people's health in developing countries is ________ in Paragraph 1. • A．to get clean water B．to exercise often C．to refuse drugs • 18．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 2? • A．Hadjara laughed at her father's foolishness. • B．Hadjara refused to eat dinner that night in order to lose weight. • C．Hadjara's father understood his daughter's love and care for him later. C A C • 19．The underlined word “protest” in this passage means “________”． • A．抗议 B．保护 C．节约 • 20．The purpose of the writer is to ________. • A．teach people how to wash hands • B．call on people all over the world to save water • C．show developing countries rich in clean water A B B • Have you seen some machines that eat used plastic bottles and give some coins to the users(用户)? • Recently，such machines have appeared at universities in Chongqing.They can turn rubbish into treasure and encourage the public to recycle rubbish.The machine is as large as a fridge.Users put an empty bottle in the machine.It is identified(识别) by a small camera.Then it is put into a built－in bin.The users can get some coins.They can also give away the money. • When the machine is filled with bottles，it will tell the company's(公 司)head office.Nearby stations will send workers to have bottles collected， packed and sent to the company. • The bottle recycling machines could greatly encourage the public to recycle rubbish and save natural resources(资源)．Now the machine only eats plastic bottles.At sometime in the future it will also cover others， such as glass bottles，to turn more rubbish into treasure and make full use of the natural resources. • People can also see similar machines in Shanghai.In the future，more such machines will appear at some large stations，bus stops，neighborhoods and schools. 根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)。 • ( )21.The bottle recycling machine eats plastic bottles and gives some money to the users. • ( )22.When the machine is full，some workers will be sent to collect the bottles. • ( )23.So far，the bottle recycling machine has been able to accept glass bottles. • ( )24.There is no bottle recycling machine in Shanghai now. • ( )25.The passage encourages the public to protect the environment by using the bottle recycling machines. T T F F T 三、任务型阅读。 • Save the world's trees • “When it comes to the Earth，there is no time to waste.” says the Earth Day Network .And that is right.Protecting our environment is very important，and World Earth Day was created in 1970 to ask more people to protect our environment.On April 22，people around the world celebrate Earth Day. • Every year there is a special topic，and this year it is “Trees for the Earth”，so Earth Day this year will be all about planting trees.They are planning to plant 7.8 billion trees within the next five years. • That's a big goal，and you might wonder why trees are so important.Because they can take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and protect the air quality (质量)．CO2 is a chemical in our atmosphere，but humans make too much of it.Each person makes about 2.3 tons a year，which is bad for the environment. • Well guess what！Planting new trees is important because people cut down a huge number of trees.Last year，there were 3 trillion trees in the world，about 139 billion in China.But according to China Daily，the world's total number has been almost cut in half since human civilization (文明) began.That's because 15 billion trees are cut down every year. So we need to plant more to make up for (弥补) the ones we lost.One tree can take in 21.8 kilograms of CO2 per year. It 's_sti l l_one_of_the_cheapest_and_best_ways_to_get_rid_of_CO2 . But don't forget that we can also help the environment by cutting down on how much energy (能源) or water we use every day.Every l itt le thing helps. 根据短文内容，回答问题(26—29)，英译汉(30)。 • 26．When do people around the world celebrate World Ear th Day? • ________________________________________________________________________ • 27．What is the topic of Ear th Day? • ________________________________________________________________________ • 28．Why are trees so important to the ear th? • ________________________________________________________________________ • 29．How much CO2 can two trees take in each year? • ________________________________________________________________________ • 30．Put the sentence “It's sti l l one of the cheapest and best ways to get rid of CO2 .” into Chinese. • ________________________________________________________________________ On April 22 Trees for the Earth Because they can take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and protect the air quality 43．6 kilograms 这仍然是清除CO2的最廉价也是最好的方式之一。