高二英语期末复习资料 2010.1
Module 5 要点归纳
Unit One Getting along with others
P.1-3 重要词汇
1. betray vt.出卖；暴露 feel betrayed 觉得被出卖 betray one’s country 出卖
His accent betrayed his nationality. 暴露
His accent gives him away. 他的口音出卖了他。
2. (in) that way 那样
3. have a surprise Maths test
4. be worried about
5. get/ score a good mark
6. overlook vt. overlook one’s studies 忽视学习 overlook the hill 俯瞰
7. admit vt. 承认 admit one’s mistake admit doing sth., admit that…
He admitted having stolen the car. = He admitted that he had stolen the car.
Without his permission, nobody can be admitted into the room. 允许
He is admitted to Beijing University. 他被北大录取了。
8. afterwards 后来
9. promise to do…承诺去做…
10. go straight to…径直前往
11. not any more 不再
12. feel like doing feel like +从句（通常不带 that）
I didn’t feel like I was overlooking my studies.
13. keep one’s secret 保守秘密
14. stare at 凝视着; 盯着 glare at 瞪着 （生气地）
fix one’s eyes on… 凝视；目不转睛地看着 with one’s eyes fixed on…
15. deliberately 故意的 on purpose
16. keep one’s word 信守诺言 break one’s word 违背诺言 eat one’s word 认错道歉；收回说过的话
have a word with sb. 和某人说句话 have words with sb.=quarrel with sb.=have a quarrel with sb. 和
某人吵架 in a/one word 总之 in other words 换句话说
Word came that…. 有消息说……(that 同位语从句)。
17. dilemma 进退两难的处境，窘境 in a dilemma have a dilemma
18. swear-swore-sworn vt. 发誓 He swore that he didn’t know the truth. swear at sb. 咒骂某人
19. forgive-forgave-forgiven vt. 宽恕，原谅 forgive sb. for being rude 原谅某人的鲁莽
20. focus vt/vi 集中注意力 focus on… focus… on…
21. as a result /therefore 结果； 因此
as a result of/because of/due to/owing to/on account of 因为；由于
22. yell vi/n. 吼叫 yell at sb.
23 .mean 刻薄的； 卑鄙的； 吝啬的
have a mean opinion of oneself 有自卑感
be mean about/over/with money 在金钱上很小气 be mean to sb.对……刻薄
keep on saying mean things 反复说刻薄的话
24. cruel adj. 残忍的 刻毒的 cruelty n. be cruel to sb.
25. stand-stood-stood vt. 容忍 n. 摊位 a book stand 书摊
Can you stand the pain? 你受得住这疼痛吗？
I cannot stand waiting any longer.再等下去我可受不了了。（stand 后接名词、动名词）
26. apologize vi 道歉 apologize to sb. for sth. 为……向某人道歉
apology n. 道歉 make an apology to sb for sth
27. for fun 为了娱乐 I am not saying it for fun. 我说这话并不是在开玩笑。
in fun 开玩笑地 Don't get angry, I said it just in fun. 别生气, 我只是说着玩的。
make fun of sb= laugh at sb 嘲笑
It’s no fun doing… ….是无聊的
28. （be）in trouble 有麻烦
have (some/no) trouble /difficulty in doing 做…有些(不)费劲/困难
take great trouble to do something 不辞辛苦地做…
put sb. to the trouble of doing sth. 难为某人做…；使某人陷入做…的麻烦中
29. can’t help doing can’t help do sth.
30. sit next to each other 相互挨着坐
31. be good at…擅长
重要句型
1. If you can buy a person’s friendship, it is not worth having.
如果你能买到一个人的友谊，这种友谊是不值得拥有的。
2. Football is very important to me, but so is our friendship. (page 3)
足球对我很重要，但我们的友谊也同样重要。
a. “so+ be/have/助动词/情态动词＋主语” “也这样”，“也如此”。
I study in this school and so does my brother.我在这所学校学习，我的弟弟也在。
b. “so + 人称代词 + be/have/助动词/情态动词”，意为“的确如此”。
---These books are really well written. ---So they are.
c. So it is/was with + 名词/// It is the same with sb. “也如此”，“也这样”。
这一结构主要用于上文有两个或两个以上的谓语，或既有肯定又有否定的上下文里。如：
He was born in Beijing and lives in Shanghai. So it is with me.
3. What do you think are the most important characteristics in a friend?
Where do you suppose he will go? do you believe 后接陈述语序
4. We have been best friends since primary school. Since 多与完成时连用
5. I don’t think I can ever forgive her. 我觉得我无法原谅她。 否定前置
6. Try not to sound too proud of yourself when discussing your marks in front of others.
When discussing= when you are discussing
When, while, if unless, though, once+省略句
P.5
1. unlikely 不太可能的
Sb. is likely/ unlikely to do… 某人可能/不可能做……
It is possible/probable/likely (for sb.) to do …
2. blame vt 责备，谴责
blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人 blame sth on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
Sb. be to blame for sth. 某人应该对某事负责 be blamed for sth. 因...而受到指责
The careless driver was to blame for the accident.
3. doubt vt/vi/n. 怀疑，疑惑
I doubt + whether…. There is doubt +whether…
I don’t doubt + that… There is no doubt + that…
4. jealous adj. 嫉妒的 jealousy n. 嫉妒
They may feel jealous of his success. 他们嫉妒他的成功。
5. be proud of/take pride in… 为…自豪
6. in public 当众； 在公共场合 in public places
7. feel guilty about 对……感到内疚 guilty looks 内疚的神色
8. gifted adj. 有天赋的 gift n. 天赋；礼物
have a gift for… 在……方面有天赋
9. determine vt/vi 决心，决定 determined adj. 顽强的
be determined to do 下定了决心做
a determined man=a man of great determination 一个固执的人意志坚定的人
The weather determines the harvest of the crops.
His attitude to the accident determined me to give him a lesson.
10. delay vt/vi/n. put off
The ship was delayed two hours.耽搁，延误
I delayed answering you due to pressure of work. 推迟
without delay 毫不延迟地
11. be ashamed of… 对...感到羞耻
12. avoid （doing）sth …避免,逃避
13. If so, the problem lies with you. 如果这样， 问题得靠你来解决。
lie with (作出决定等)得靠...,由...(承担责任)
14. have every right to do…完全有权利去做某事
15. play to one’s strengths 踢球踢出某人的优势；强项
16. before long 不久以后
P6-7
1. much more money many more friends
2. first of all 首先，第一 after all 毕竟；终究 above all 最重要的是 at all 根本 in all 总共
3. make it 办成功；办到 manage it 能行；能对付
4. come up with 想出；提出（主意，计划，答案等）come about 发生 come across 偶遇
come out 出来；出版 come up to 达到
5. Some adjectives that describe personality are positive, while others are negative.
有些描绘人的性格的形容词是褒义的，然而另一些是贬义的。 While 然而
P.8-11
1. persuade vt. 说服 persuasive adj. 有说服力的
persuade sb. to do＝persuade sb. into doing (结果成功)
try to persuade sb. to do=advise sb. to do (结果未必成功)
2. pretend to do sth 假装要做… pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做……
3. take care (of)保重; 小心; 当心 look/watch out (for) 当心
Take （not）not to do sth 小心（不）要做某事 take care that ….小心……
Care for… 喜欢；照料（老人，病人） care about… 关心；在乎；在意
4. sometimes 有时 sometime 某时 some time 一段时间
5. ever since 从…之后一直…… (用于完成时)
6. refer to…提到；参考；涉及…… referred
7. a large amount of + 不可数名词
句型
1. We had nothing to do but watch TV. 我们无事可做，只好看电视。But 前有实意动词 do，则用 but do
2. would rather do…than do… 宁愿…而不…… She would rather die than give in.
Would rather (not) do…
Would rather(that) sb. did sth (虚拟语气，现在、将来)
Would rather （that）sb had done sth (虚拟语气，过去)
3. why not come to London this weekend？
p.12-17
1. discourage vt. 劝阻，使灰心；使气馁 discourage sb. from doing 阻止某人做……
discouraged adj. 沮丧的； 灰心的 a discouraged look
discouraging adj.令人沮丧的 discouraging news
encourage vt.鼓励 鼓舞 encourage sb. to do
encouraged adj.鼓舞的 encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的
courage n. 勇气 encouragement n. 鼓励
2. trying adj.难受的 恼人的 难堪的
a trying situation 尴尬的局面 a trying time 难熬的时光
3. anxious adj. 焦急的; 渴望的 anxiety 【U】n.焦虑
be anxious about = be worried about…
be anxious to do = be eager to do = be dying to do 渴望去做……
with anxiety = anxiously 焦虑地
4. suffer vt/vi 受损失，忍受痛苦
suffer hunger/illnesses/a loss
suffer from a headache 忍受头痛之苦 suffer from heart failure 患心力衰竭
He suffered for his carelessness. 他因粗心而遭受恶果。
5. practical adj. 实用的 实际的 实践的
practical activities 实践活动 a practical question 现实问题
6. free adj. 免费的 for free /free of charge 免费
7. get through
I didn’t get through to him. 我没有打通他的电话。 （电话等）打通
get through (with) one’s work 完成; 办完 (finish)
She got through the examination. 通过 (pass) get through a law 通过法律
The message got through (to us) at last. 到达
8. before 在……之前 Before I could speak to him, he had turned away. 我还没来得及和他说话，他已走
开。I’ll do it before I forget it. 我现在就做，以免忘了。It was not long before he left for the United States.
不久他就到美国去了。
9. apart from 除…之外无/ 还有…… 相当于 besides, except, except for,
10. keep ….in mind 记住……
11. make sure that… make sure of……确定；确保……
12. be strict in sth be strict with sb 严格要求
13. have an effect on sth= affect sth affect vt. 影响；感染
句型
1. Think about what questions to ask and write them down in advance.
想想有什么问题要问，提前把他们写下来。 What （questions）to do 疑问词+不定式 相当于名词
从句 in advance = ahead of time 提前
2. The two boys are of the same age. 这两个男孩年龄一样大。
The meeting is of great importance/ very important. 会议很重要。
P.18
1. get along/on 进展; 进行
How do you get along with your work? 进展 He gets on well with his new classmates. 相处得好
2. puzzle vt.使困惑 n. 谜题 word puzzle 字谜
What puzzled me was how the thief entered the room.
puzzled adj. 困惑的 I am puzzled what to do.我不知道怎么办才好。
puzzling adj. 令人困惑的 a puzzling physics problem 一道令人困惑的物理题
3. absorb vt.吸收 absorbed adj. 投入的
be absorbed in= be lost in= be buried in= be involved in…全身心地投入……
He sat there, absorbed/ lost in thought. 他坐在那儿，陷入沉思。
4. in the world 到底; 究竟 on earth What in the world do you mean? 你究竟什么意思？
5. attitude 态度 What’s your attitude to/towards this question?
6. consistent adj. 一致的 be consistent with… 和……一致
7. hesitate vi 犹豫 hesitate to do… hesitation n. 犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
8. respond vi 回应，作出反应
respond to/ answer a question 答复问题 respond with a smile 笑着回答
response n. make a response to sth
9. one another 彼此; 互相（三者或三者以上）each other 彼此; 互相 （两者或三者以上）
10. regardless 不管; 不顾 regardless of wind or rain 风雨无阻
11. Suppose/ supposing （that）he is right, what shall we do? 假如他不在，我们怎么办？
You were supposed to be here an hour ago! 你应该一小时前就到这儿的。
12. be based on/ upon sth 建立在……之上 His theory is based on facts.
Based on facts, his theory is accepted by many people.
13. Now (that) you are grown up, you shouldn’t rely on your parents. 既然 since
14. Bell is said to have invented the telephone.
It is said that Bell invented the telephone. 据说
Unit Two The environment
P21-25
1. do/cause damage to 对……造成损害
2. open the floor 自由发言
3. comment n/v 评论 make comments on/upon…
Don’t always make comments on others.不要总是对别人说三道四。
4. in addition /besides 另外 in addition to/besides 除……外，还
5. wipe out wipe out the stain 擦去污渍 wipe out the village 毁灭村子
6. 修饰可数名词 large numbers of/a large number of/a good many
修饰不可数名词 a great deal of/a sum of/an amount of
修饰可数/不可数 a quantity of/quantities of/a lot of/lots of/a mass of/masses of/plenty of
7. have a lasting effect on 持久的影响 have harmful effects on 有害的影响
8. population
What’s the population of Hai’an? It has a population of about 960，000.
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. 人口
The population in the south usually live on rice. 人们
9. grow/rise/reduce/decrease to 增加/减少到 grow/rise/reduce/decrease by 增加减少了
10. cut back on 削减 cut down
11. waste n./v waste time/energy/money on sth. / waste …in doing
It is a waste of…to do… It is no use doing…
12. be beneficial to… 对……有益 Walking is beneficial to our health.
Walking is of great benefit to our health.
Walking benefits our health. 对……有益 We can benefit from walking. 从……得益
13. concern vt.关心，涉及 The environmental problem concerns everyone.
be concerned about/for 关心 All of us were concerned about him.
14. be seen /considered /regarded /looked on / thought of as 被认为是……
15. be against… 反对 be for…/be in favor of… 赞成 be after… 寻找
16. hide from one’s responsibility 逃避责任
17. side by side /shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩
18. agree with one’s decision/words/opinion/ 赞同
The climate there doesn’t agree with him. 适应
agree to one’s plan/proposal/arrangement/suggestion/terms 赞同，同意
agree to do 同意做……
19. be willing/unwilling to do 愿意/不愿意做--
20. do/cause harm to 对……有害 be harmful to
21. run out 用光 vi. We are running out of the energy. The energy is running out.
22. convince sb of sth 说服某人干某事 be convinced of sth 确信；深信……
23. lie- lay- lain- lying 躺；位于 lie-lied-lied-lying 说谎 lay-laid-laid-laying 放置；下蛋
重要句型
1. The world’s population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800. 世界人口已经增长到那
时的 6 倍多。 6 times + what 从句
2. My suggestion is that we (should) try to cut back on production.
3. What if we ran out of space? 如果我们把空间用尽了，怎么办？
What if……倘使/万一….怎么办？ What for 为什么 so what 那有怎么样
How come 怎么会呢 if so 如果那样
P26-27
1. environmental friendly 环境友好的
2. plug…into… 把插头插入
3. make space/room for…为……腾出空间
4. practice/ practise doing 练习
5. worry about… 为……着急 （动作） be worried about…为……着急 （状态）
P28-31
1. to one’s disappointment/sadness/joy/delight/surprise/astonishment
2. clean up 清理，打扫
3. customs officer 海关官员
4. watch sb. closely 密切注视
5. make a statement 做陈述
P32-36
1. draw a conclusion 得出结论
2. decrease desertification 减少荒漠化
3. in the form of 以……的形式
We ended the party in the form of singing.他们用歌唱结束了聚会。
4. be stocked /equipped with 装备有……/配备有……
Our school is stocked with technical equipment.
5. take measures/steps to do 采取措施做……
make a suit to one’s own measure 根据某人自己的尺寸定做套装
6. pick out
Although I hadn’t seen him for ages, I picked him out the moment I saw him at the party.认出
I couldn’t pick out her words in that situation. 领会
Just pick out some useful materials.挑选出
7. due to/because of/as a result of/owing to/on account of/thanks to/as a consequence of……因为，由于
8. take off 脱掉；（飞机）起飞；（事业）腾飞
9. get sb to do sth 让……做某事 have/ let/ make sb do sth
10. on (one’s) doing…. 一……就……
11. rather than 而不是 He，rather than me, is to blame.
P38
1. run across 穿过，横跨， 偶遇
The Great Wall runs across the north of China like a huge dragon. 长城象一条巨龙横亘在中国北方
I ran across/into an old friend in the street yesterday. 偶遇
2. raise/cause concern/worry 引起关注/担忧 raise/keep sheep 饲养
raise/put forward a question 提出 raise one’s hand/voice 提高
3. both nationally and internationally/at home and abroad 在国内外
4. deposit…into…把……丢弃进
5. rely on/depend on… depend on sb. to do 信任/依赖
It depends on the weather whether the sports meet can be held on time.取决于
6. result in/lead to/contribute to/cause 造成/导致+结果
result from/lie in 由于/在于+原因
7. thankfully/luckily/fortunately 幸运的是
8. stop /prevent the illegal hunting of animals
9. under way 在进行中 on the way 在路上 The storm was on the way.暴风雨就要来了。
The project is under way now.
10. focus on 关注，以…为中心 focus one’s attention/mind on 集中注意力于
11. work out solutions to sth … 找出解决问题的方法
12. replace …with… 用……来代替……
13. be home to 是……的家园/产地
14. a range of 一系列的，许多的
15. a nature reserve 自然保护区
16. prohibit…from doing 禁止……做……（正式，官方）
17. have a long way to go 有一段很长的路要走
18. concerning/regarding/about/关于
Please inform me concerning/of this matter.请把关于这件事的情况告诉我。
19. appreciate 欣赏/感激
I would appreciate it if you paid in cash.假如你支付现金的话,我会不甚感激的。
We shall appreciate hearing from you again.我们将乐于再收到你的信。
20. make an effort / efforts to do 努力做 spare no efforts to do 不遗余力地做
without effort 毫不费力地
21. advise vt. advice n. give sb. advice on…
advise sb. to do advise that…(should) do… 虚拟语气
22. endanger vt 使……陷入危险
Smoking endangers your health.
The air here is badly polluted, endangering all the living things.
The giant panda is an endangered species.
Module Five Unit Three Science versus nature
P41-45
1. beyond one’s imagination/understanding/expectation 超乎—的想象/理解/出乎意料
2. advanced technology 先进的技术
3. some day （将来）一天 one day （将来）一天;（过去）一天 the other day（过去）一天
4. cause debate 引起争论
5. on (the) one hand… on the other hand 一方面，另一方面
6. point out 指出
7. interfere with nature 干扰自然 interfere in… 干预
8. on the way to (doing) sth 即将，在去…的路上 under way 在进行中
9. the first to do sth 第一个做……的人
10. in general/generally/ generally speaking 一般说来
11. achieve /have scientific breakthroughs 取得科学突破
12. with the intention of… 带着……的意图
13. show respect/disrespect for sb. 对……表示（不）尊敬 respect sb
14. be desperate to do… 拼命地要做…… be desperate for…..渴望
15. an adopted son 养子 adopt a new idea 采纳新意见
16. be related to /be linked to /be connected with/ be concerned with 和…….有关
17. push ahead with 努力推行
18. deliver a baby=give birth to a baby 生小孩
19. focus /concentrate (one’s efforts) on… 集中做……
20. succeed in doing 成功做…… be successful in doing….
21. sth. benefits sb. 某事对某人有益处。 sb. benefits from sth. 某人得益于某事。
22. deal with negative consequences 处理消极后果 as a consequence of……因为，由于
23. end up doing 最终以…….结束 end up in … 以…（状况）告终 end up with…用……结尾
They ended up getting married. 他们最终成了夫妻。He will end up in prison. 他迟早要进监狱。
24. be delighted to do 很乐于做…….
25. be in agreement with…=be for…=be in favor of… 同意
26. after all 毕竟
27. on a personal note 就个人而言
28. as a whole 总的来说
29. sth. makes sense 某事有道理。Sb. makes sense of sth. 某人理解某事。
30. with great concern/anxiety 带着极大的焦虑/担心
31. in place 放在该放的地方，井井有条
32. take away one’s license 吊销执照
33. for sale 待售
34. use up 用光 sb. use up sth.=sb. run out of sth. sth. be used up.= sth. run out..
35. make a comment on 对…….作出评价
36. in this way 用这种方法 by the way 顺便说 in no way 绝不
37. the first/ last to do…
P46-57
1. fight a hopeless battle against… 和某人作一场无望的斗争
2. pass…around the body 把……传递到身体中
3. be similar to… 和……相似
4. digest food/report 消化食物/领会报告
5. learning process 学习过程
6. remove…from... 把……从……中去掉
7. security guards 安全卫兵
8. undesirable elements 不想要的元素
9. in the field of science 在科学领域里
10. a challenging/demanding profession 一份挑战性的/辛苦的工作
11. next door 邻居
12. figure out the mystery 弄清楚谜 figure out 算出；领会
13. on one’s part 就某人而言
14. with reference to 关于
15. in reply to 对…….的答复
16. complain about sth 埋怨
17. urge sb. to do/ into doing 催促;劝….做……..
urge that sb (should) do… 要求 （虚拟语气）
18. immoral practice 不道德的措施
19. shelf life 保质期限
20. donate… to … 把……捐赠给……
21. be resistant to… 对……有抵制性
22. be limited to (doing) sth 被限制做……
23. ensure safety 确保安全
24. head office 总部
25. be tired out 累坏了 be tired of 厌烦 be tired from 因…而疲倦
26. take turns to do sth 轮流做…… by turns 轮流 in turn 依次
重要句型
1. The exhibition is worth a visit/visiting. “值得……的”
Guangzhou is worthy of a visit/of being visited/to be visited.
The school has educated many worthy young people. “有价值的”
The Summer Palace is worthwhile going / to go to have a visit.
Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion. “有意义的”
2. He must have been working too hard to notice. 他一定是工作太努力而没有注意到（这事）。
P58
1. under construction 在建设中
2. environmental conservation 环境保护
3. from the point of view of sb. 根据……观点
4. meet/satisfy one’s needs 满足…….的需要
5. spell =lead to 导致
6. look around 全面考虑，四面环顾
7. move towards 靠近
8. decades of… 几十….
9. at a fast rate/speed 高速
10. be blamed for 因……而被谴责
11. turn out 最终；结果是；天气……
12. argue with sb about/ over sth 与某人辩论某事
13. be in favor of sth 赞成…… in one’s favor 对……有利
14. start with 从……开始
15. Debates are very exciting if done correctly. 辩论如果正确进行是很激动人心的。
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