初二英语上册新颖题讲解

英语新颖题讲解 徐金娣 第一类] 名词类 1. 这些女老师们在干什么？ [误] What are the woman teachers doing？ [正] What are the women teachers doing？ [析] 在英语中，当一名词作定语修饰另一名词（单或复数形式）时，作定语的名词一般要 用其单数形式；但当 man，woman 作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时，要用其复数形式 men， women. 2. 房间里有多少人？ [误] How many peoples are there in the room？ [正] How many people are there in the room？ [析] people 作“人、人们”解时，是个集合名词，其单复数同形。 3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。 [误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son. [正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son. [析] 表示不可数名词的数量时，常用“a / an 或数词 +表量的可数名词 + of + 不可数 名词”这一结构， 其中当数词大于 1 时，表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。 [第二类] 动词类 4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学？ [误] What time does your sister usually goes to school？ [正] What time does your sister usually go to school？ [析] 借助助动词 do（或 does）构成疑问句或否定句时，句中的谓语动词用其原形。 5. 琳达晚上经常做作业，但今晚她在看电视。 [误] Linda often do her homework in the evening，but this evening she watching TV. [正] Linda often does her homework in the evening，but this evening she is watching TV. [析] 在初一英语学习阶段，我们接触到了两种主要时态：一般现在时和现在进行时。一般 现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常和 often，usually，sometimes 等时间状语连用。 在一般现在时的句子中，若主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在 进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，现在进行时由 be（am / is / are） + ving 形 式构成。 6 这双鞋是红色的。 [误] This pair of shoes are red. [正] This pair of shoes is red. [析] 在 shoes，trousers，gloves，glasses 等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用 pair （表计量）修饰时，谓语动词的形式由 pair 的单复数形式来决定。 第三类] 代词类 7. 这张票是她的，不是我的。 [误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my. [正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine. [析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要 接名词，而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。 8. 吴老师教我们英语。 [误] Miss Wu teaches our English. [正] Miss Wu teaches us English. [析] teach sb. sth.中的 sb.作 teach 的宾语，因此当 sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。 [第四类] 介词类 9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗？ [误] Can you find the answer of this question？ [正] Can you find the answer to this question？ [析] 英语中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有 the key to the door，the way to the zoo 等。 10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。 [误] Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening. [正] Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening. [析] 表示在上午、下午等时，介词要用 in；而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时，介词要用 on. 11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。 [误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter. [正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter. [析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时，只能用 in，其他介词没有此用法。 [第五类] 副词类 12. 莉莉，你为什么不回家呢？ [误] Lily，why don’t you go to home？ [正] Lily，why don’t you go home？ [析] come，go 等后接 here，there，home 等地点副词时，地点副词前不加 to。 [第六类] 连词类 13. 我喜欢语文和英语，但我不喜欢体育和历史。 [误] I like Chinese and English，but I don’t like P.E.and history. [正] I like Chinese and English，but I don’t like P.E.or history. [析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用 and 来连接；而在否定句中，并列成分之间的连接需 or。 [第七类] 冠词类 14. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。 [误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane. [正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane. [析] 1．表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”； 2．our 一词的第一个字母不发音，它是以元音音素开头的，所以“一小时”要用 an hour； 3．用介词 by 表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时，交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。 [第八类] 句法类 15. ――你不是学生吗？ ――不，我是学生。 [误] ――Aren’t you a student？ ――No， I am. [正] ――Aren’t you a student？ ――Yes， I am. [析] 对否定疑问句的回答是用 Yes 还是用 No，这取决于实际情况：如果事实是肯定的， 就用 Yes 表“不”；如果事实是否定的，就用 No 表“是的”。 16、borrow ［误］ May I lend some books from the library? ［正］ May I borrow some books from the library? ［误］ How long can I borrow it? ［正］ How long can I keep it? ［析］ 英语中有三个词都可译为"借"，但意义各不相同如："借入"是 borrow， 其常用句型结构是 borrow something from somebody，这是个瞬间性动词，不 可与表示延续的时间状语连用。例如：The students want to borrow some books from the library. "借出"用 lend，即借给别人东西。其常用句型是 lend somebody something, 或 lend something to somebody.例如：Could you lend us your dictionary?或 Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬间 性动词，也不能与延续的时间状语连用。keep 则是延续性动词，可以和表示长 时间段的时间状语连用，也可与 how long 等疑问词连用，如：You can keep it for three days. 17、both ［误］ They both are students. ［正］ They are both students. ［析］ both 作同位语时，一般要用在 be 动词之后实义动词之前。 ［误］ I know his both parents. ［正］ I know both his parents. ［误］ The both brothers were students. ［正］ Both the brothers were students. ［正］ Both brothers were students. ［析］ 当 both 与形容词性物主代词 my, his, her 等以及定冠词 the 连用时， 都应将这些词置于 both 之后。另外，在与定冠词连用时 the 可以省略。 18、bring ［误］ Please bring this dictionary to Mr Brown. ［正］ Please take this dictionary to Mr Brown. ［误］ Next time, please take your little sister here. ［正］ Next time, please bring your little sister here. ［析］ 英语中 bring 是"带来"，而 take 是"带走"。还有一个词 fetch, 表示" 到某处去把某物取、接回来"。如：Please fetch the doctor at once. 19、busy ［误］ The students were very busy to prepare for the exam. ［正］ The students were very busy preparing for the exam. ［析］ be busy doing something 为"忙于作某事" ［误］ The students were busy for the exam. ［正］ The students were busy with the exam. ［析］ busy 直接接名词时应用 with. 20、buy ［误］ I have bought this dictionary for three years. ［正］ I have had this dictionary for three years. ［析］ buy 是截止性(即瞬间)动词，它可以有完成时，如：I have bought this dictionary. 但是不能与表示较长的时间状语连用。如要讲我这本字典已买了 3 年了则要用 have had 这一结构即我拥有这本字典已 3 年了。 21、must ［误］ It's only six o'clock. That mustn't be the postman. ［正］ It's only six o'clock. That can't be the postman. ［析］ must 用来表示一种肯定的推断，如：She must have some problems. She keeps crying. 但在否定句中则要用 can't， 要表示对过去的推测则要用 "must+have+过去分词"的表达法，如：The lights have gone out.A fuse must have blown.而对过去的否定推测则多用" can't +have+过去分词"，如：I don't think he can have heard you. Call again. 22、can 与 could can 与 could 都可以用在现在时的口语中，只是用 could 更为礼貌，语气更委婉。 如：Could you tell us a story? 23、care 与 care for 与 Take care of ［误］ I don't care coffee. ［正］ I don't care for coffee. ［误］ Take care for your steps. ［正］ Take care of your steps. ［析］ care for 是"对某物感兴趣"，而 care of 是"关心，要当心某事"，如： She didn't care for him. Take care of what you are doing. ［误］ I don't care where we will go if it doesn't rain. ［正］ I don't care where we go if it doesn't rain. ［析］ 在 it doesn't matter, I don't care, I don't mind, 及 in case 引 出的状语从句后面要用现在时表示将来。如：I've got a football in case we have time for a game. 24、cheap ［误］ A teacher's salary is generally very cheap. ［正］ A teacher's salary is generally very low. ［析］ 工资的高低要用 low，cheap 是指价格便宜，如果要讲物美价廉则要用 not expensive, 如：This car is not expensive. 25、class ［误］ The class is watching TV. ［正］ The class are watching TV. ［析］ class 作主语时，如果作为整体讲则应用单数形式的谓语动词，如：The class was more than forty in number. 如考虑到具体的每个成员时则应用复 数形式的谓语动词，如：The class are, in general, very bright. clean