必修四 Unit 3.2 Language points

Language points （Reading I） www.shijuan1.com 1. …and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. 直到今天也没人能够比卓别林做的更好 up to now : 直到现在 （与现在完成时连用） Up to now we have learned English for seven years. 到现在为止，我们学习了七年的英语 2. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives. 每当人们感到失望的时候他总能令 人 发笑，因而他们对自己的生活更满足 depressed 感到沮丧的 depressing 令人沮丧的 depress vt.使沮丧 content： ① (adj.): 满足，满意，知足。 be content with sth：对…满意 be content to do sth：愿意做某事 Are you content with your present job? 你对你现在的工作满意吗？ She is quite content to stay at home looking after her children. 她愿意呆在家里照顾孩子。 区别: content; contented; satisfied content与contented意思接近指“虽 然各种愿望没有实现，但人应安于现状 不再多求”，content 一般作表语，而 She has a contented look. 她显得满意的样子。 ② content (vt.)使满意, 使满足 content sb./oneself with sth. 使…满足于… I content myself with a glass of coffee everyday. contented一般作定语; satisfied指“愿望、 渴望或需求都得到了满足, 因而心满意足” I like the style of the book but I don’t like the content. 我喜欢这本书的文体但我不喜 欢它的内容 ③ content (n.): 所含容纳之物（pl） （书，节目等的）主题 3. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. 令人感到震惊的是，当查理会说话和走 路的时候就被教唱歌和跳舞。 1) it在句中作形式宾语，动词不定式to see…the road才是真正的宾语。当 动词不定式作句子的宾语，同时有一 个形容词同宾语在一起时，常用it作 形式宾语。 I’ll make it my business to help her. 我会把帮助她作为我的责任。 I find it important to learn English well. 我认为学好英语很重要。 We consider it useless arguing with him on that point. 我们认为在那点上与他争论是没有用的 类似用法的词 feel, consider, think, make，find，believe 2) 句中的astonishing为动词的-ing形式 作宾语补足语。 astonish: 使（某人）吃惊， 震惊。 （比surprise的语气要强） The earthquake astonished me. 地震使我惊慌失措。 be astonished+ at (by) /to do/that… 对… 感觉吃惊 She was astonished to find he was drunk. 发现他喝醉了, 她很吃惊。 He was much astonished that you had failed. 你居然失败，他大感惊讶 I was astonished at/by the news. 这消息使我大吃一惊。 astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的 an astonishing remark 惊人之语 astonishment n. 惊异；惊愕；惊奇 in astonishment 愕然， 吃惊地 She stared at me in astonishment. 她吃惊地瞪着我。 to one’s astonishment 令……惊异的是…… To our astonishment the small boy swam across the river. 令我们惊奇的是那小男孩居然游过 了那条河。 4. Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family the family even worse off. 不幸的是，他父亲去世了，这令到 这个家庭更加潦倒。 badly off: ① 穷困(反义词well off) ② 缺少（for） Our school is badly for equipment. 我们学校缺少设备。 They are too badly off to have a holiday. 他们贫穷得根本谈不上度假。 In fact most people are better off than they were five years ago. 实际上现在大多数人都比五年前要富裕 链接：be well off 富裕的，处境好的 be worse off 情况带坏，恶化 be better off (尤指经济)境况较好 5. No one was ever bored watching him—his subtle acting made everything entertaining. 看他的表演没人会感到无聊—— 他巧妙的表演使一切都滑稽可笑 bore ① vt. 使厌烦 ② adj. boring/bored I hope you are not getting bored listening to me. 我希望 你听我说话不觉厌烦。 My father is always boring us with his stories about the war. 我父亲老是讲战争的事，烦死我们了 2 ）entertain v. 款待，使愉快 entertain sb to dinner/food 请某人吃饭（食物） entertain sb with sth 用…使某人愉快 Tomorrow I will entertain my friends to dinner. 明天我要请朋友吃饭 She entertained us with many humorous stories. 她给我们讲了很多幽默故事是我们 很开心 adj. entertaining 令人愉快的 n. entertainment 娱乐，乐趣 He is a most entertaining man 他是个有趣的人 6. He grew more and more popular as is charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world. 随着他所塑造的“小流浪汉”的角色 世界闻名，他变得越来越受欢迎。 1) character的用法： a. a person in a novel, play, film etc. 人物。 What’s the name of the major character in this novel? 这部小说的主人公叫什么名字？ b. the quality that makes sb./sth. different from other people/things the nature of sb./sth. （个人、集体、 民族等特有的）品质；特性。 Although they are twins, their characters are quite different. 虽然他们是双胞胎但性格却相差甚远 She is a woman of good character. 她是个性格很好的女人。 throughout prep. 1)（表示地区）遍及, 整个 如： The company has branches throughout the country. 这家公司的分店遍及全国。 2)（表示时间）整个，从头到尾 It rained throughout the day. 雨下了一整天。 He led a poor life throughout his life. 他一生过着穷苦的生活。 throughout adv. 1) 整个地，在所有各处，全部 如： The hill was green throughout. 那座山整个都是绿的。 2) 自始至终，到最后 如： She remained silent throughout. 她从头到尾都保持沉默。 7. The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat. 那流浪者是一位穷苦的无家可归的人， 留着胡子，穿着大裤子，破鞋子，头 顶着黑色的小圆帽。 homeless adj. 无家可归的 -less是表示否定意义的形容词后缀, 加 在某些名词的后面构成否定意义的形 容词。类似的： helpless 无力的，无计可施的； 无助的，无依无靠的 careless 粗心的，轻率的 childless 没有儿女的 harmless 无害的，无损害的； 没有恶意的，无邪的 ceaseless 不断的，不停的 countless 数不尽的，无数的 tireless 不会疲倦的，不知疲倦的， 不休止的 worn-out adj. 1)（衣类、机器等）磨破的；用旧的 worn-out shoes 穿旧的鞋 2) 精疲力尽的；憔悴的 （一般不用在名词前） She looks worn-out. 她看起来憔悴不堪。 8. This character was a social failure but he was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties . 这个角色是个社会生活中的失败者, 但 是他战胜困难的乐观和决心使得他被所 有看电影的人所喜爱。 1) failure n. a. a person or a thing that fails 失败；失败者 如： She said she was a failure as a manager. 她说她是一个失败的经理。 His first attempt at ice-skating was a miserable failure. 他第一次尝试滑冰很糟糕。 b. lack of success失败；不成功。 All of my efforts ended in failure. 我所有的努力都以失败告终。 Failure is the teacher of success. 失败是成功之母。 2) overcome v. 过去式overcame; 过去分词overcome 意为“克服 （困难等）；打败（敌人等）” He overcame a bad habit. 他克服了一项恶习。 短语：be overcome with/by… 被 （悲哀、恐怖等）打倒， 因为… 而崩溃/垮掉。如： She was overcome with/by grief. 她因为悲伤而崩溃了。 9. Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest meat. 他首先吃起鞋带，就像吃意大利面条 一 样。然后他把鞋子上端的皮子切 下来，就像切下一块最好的肉。 1) pick out a. (从同类当中) 选出……；选择 如： She picked out a pink dress for her daughter. 她给女儿挑了粉红色衣服。 b. (在许多人当中)看出；辨认出…… Can you pick out your mother in this crowd? 你能在人群中找到令堂吗？ 拓展：与pick有关的短语: pick off 摘取 pick oneself up（倒下的人）站起来 pick up 拾起，（车，船）搭载客人， 驾车接（人），接收（信号） 非正式的学会（语言） pick up with 在偶然机会认识（人） [考例] It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly ___ my friend. (四川2007) A. turn out B. bring out C. call out D. pick out [点拨] 本题考查短语辨析。pick out辨认 出；turn out结果是；bring out 拿出； call out叫出。 2) spaghetti （源自意大利语）意大利式细面条 3) cut off a. 切下；割下，砍下。如： Her little finger was cut off in an accident at the factory. 她的小指是在工厂的一次事故中被切掉的 b. 切断电话线使某人通话中断。 We were cut off in the middle of our conversation. 我们的通话被切断了。 c. 隔绝；挡住 The village was cut off by the snow for more than a month. 那个村庄被雪封了一个多月。 d. 切断；停掉（水、电、暖等） They have cut off our water supply. 他们给我们断了水。 cut down 削减；砍到 cut in 插嘴 cut up 剁碎 cut out 删除 [考例] He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _______ from the outside world. (北京2004春) A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through [点拨] 本题考查cut短语辨析。cut off “隔离，使孤立”， 符合题意。cut out 删掉；cut up切碎；cut through穿过。 4) 该句中treating it as if it were the finest meat 用作状语。as if相当于as though， 意为“就像……似的；仿佛……似的” 用来引导方式状语从句，从句中应用 虚拟语气。当第一、三人称单数作主 语时，从句中常用were。 He looks as if he were sick. 他看起来好像是病了。 I remember everything as if it happened only yesterday. 我对一切记忆犹新，好像是昨天发生的 注意: 在现代英语中常用was来代替 were， 甚至用is，am所取代 They treated him as if he was their own child. 他们像待自己亲 生孩子一样待 这个男孩 It looks as if it is going to rain. 好象要下雨。 此外，as if后还可直接跟不定式。 He opened his mouth as if to speak. 他开口好象要说话。 10. He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. 他一口一口地嚼得津津有味。 mouthful n. 一口；满口 –ful为形 容词后缀，加在名词之后， 表示 “充满的”的意思。如: He took a mouthful of the bitter medicine and made a face. 他喝了一口苦药，做了个鬼脸。 I felt so full that I couldn’t eat another mouthful. 我太饱了， 一口也吃不下了。 11. The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted! 卓别林的表演是那么有说服力，以 至于你会相信这顿饭是他所吃过的 最美味的一餐 convincing adj. 令人信服的 convinced adj. 感到信服的 v. convince 使信服 convince sb of sth 使某人相信 I managed to convince them of the story我使他们相信这个故事是真的 Finally we convinced them of our innocence 我们最终使他们相信了我们的清白 12. Chaplin wrote, directed, and produced the films he starred in. 卓别林自制、自导、自编一些他自演 的电影。 1) direct在句中意为“导演”，此 外，它还有其它意思。 a. adj. 直的；直线的；直达的 There is no direct train from here to Taichung. 此地没有直达台中的火车。 a direct road to London 直通伦敦的路 fly in a direct line 直线飞行 b. adj. 坦白的；率直的。 如： He has a direct way of speaking. 他说话坦白。 He gave me a direct answer. 他给我率直的回答。 2) star（在电影中）主演，由……主演； 以……为主角 如： The director wants to star Jim in his new film. 这位导演想让吉姆主演他的新片。 She has starred in a lot of good films. 她主演了许多好电影。 I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示， 写出该单词的正确形式。 1. A ________ (表演者) should care for his / her audience. 2. He had a _________ (胡须), short dark hair, and he wore glasses. 3. He made a rude ______ (手势) with his fingers. performer moustache gesture 4. The book describes the way of life of the ________ （普通的） people. 5. As the saying goes, f_____ is the mother of success. ordinary failure II. 用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。 1. Judging from his expression, he was ________ (content) with his work. 2. The car rushed at an _________ (astonish) speed. 3. ____________ (unfortunate), I hurt my leg when I fell down on the ice. 4. I’m _____ (bore) with the subject anyway. content astonishing Unfortunately bored 5. We took pity on the ________ (home) girl and took her into our house. 6. My clothes are ________ (wear out) and I have to mend them. 7. There is no difficulty in the world that cannot be ________ (overcome). 8. She sat there, ________ (chew) a piece of gum. homeless worn out overcome chewing 9. No one has come up with a ________ (convince) explanation of why this kind of animal is dying out. 10. The play was ________ (direct) by a very famous director. 11. The whole family were proud of his __________ (outstand) performance. 12. When he read the book a second time, he found it ___________ (entertain). convincing directed outstanding entertaining Ⅱ. 根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子（每空一词）。 1. ______________________ (并非我不喜欢 这工作), but that I am not fit for it. 2. ___________________________ (看起来好像) the young man had something to worry about. Not that I dislike the work It seemed / looked as if / though 3. They went into the forest _____________________ (寻找丢失的孩子). 4. ______________ (随着时间的推移), he began to realiz that he should have studied hard. in search of the lost child As time went by 1. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures ______ in your mind instead of before your eyes. (全国卷) A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed forming作定语，此处表示一种普遍 现象，无时间上的特定性故不用D项 Best choice 2. This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can ____ my father. （湖北2005） A. find out B. pick out C. look out D. speak out find out（通过研究、努力）发现， 找出； look out向外看，当心，注 意；speak out大声且清楚地说出。 只有pick out意思合适。 3. I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson __. （05湖南） A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up cut down 砍倒； cut up 切碎 cut out 省略，删去 Homework Preview grammar by finishing Exercises on Page 21.