专题 09 定语从句
Step 1 篇章品读
短文改错
【2020·全国三】
My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families. In order to make surely all of us are
in good health, and she makes specific plans for us. For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of
egg soup while I had to eat an apple. My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples. I tell my mom that if
we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.
But he insists on us eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided
by Mom with appreciation.
【答案】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者的妈妈坚持让全家人吃健康食物，确保每个人身体好。一开始，家人
有些排斥。在母亲的坚持下，我充满感激地接受了母亲的好意。
【详解】第一处：考查固定短语。句意：我的妈妈真的关心我们家庭里每个人的健康。be concerned with 关
心，该短语是固定短语，所以 concerning 改成 concerned。
第二处：考查名词单复数。句意同上。family 当“家庭”讲时，是集合名词，这里表示“我们一个家庭”，所以
用单数，families 改成 family。
第三处：考查固定短语。句意：为了确保我们所有人身体好，她为我们制定了特殊的计划。 make sure 确保，
该短语是固定短语，所以 surely 改成 sure。
第四处：考查简单句。句意同上。这是一个简单句，前面 in order to…作目的状语，不用连词 and，所以去
掉 and。
第五处：考查冠词。句意：例如：每天早晨，我的父亲不得不喝一碗鸡蛋汤，然而，我不得不吃一个苹果。
积出来的素养 读出来的高分
泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl 以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a，所以 the 改成 a。
第六处：考查时态。根据时间状语 every morning，可知这里表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时，
主语为 I，谓语动词要用原形。所以 had 改成 have。
第七处：考查主谓一致。句意：我爸爸不喜欢汤，我也不喜欢苹果。表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般
现在时。主语 my dad 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以 don’t 改成 doesn’t。
第八处：考查固定句型。句意：我告诉我妈妈，如果我们被迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。be forced to do sth.
被迫做某事，所以 forced 后面加 to。
第九处：考查代词。句意：但是她坚持让我们吃健康的食物。文中指“我的妈妈”，是女性，所以 he 改成 she。
第十处：考查定语从句。句意：出于对妈妈好意的理解，我满怀感激地吃着妈妈提供的所有食物。这里含
有一个定语从句，先行词是 all the food，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，可用 that 或 which，先行词被 all
所修饰，只能使用 that，不能使用 which，且 what 不能引导定语从句，所以 what 改成 that。
Step2 真题*模拟*单句练
1. (2019﹒江苏﹒T21) We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
2. (2019﹒天津﹒T11) Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
3. (2019﹒新课标 I 卷)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
4. (2019﹒新课标 II 卷﹒T62)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，
___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.
5. (2019﹒新课标 III 卷﹒T64)They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring
for these animals.
6. (2019﹒新课标 III 卷) In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created
for them.
7. (2019﹒浙江﹒T58)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.
8. (2019﹒北京﹒T9)The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in
academic life.
9. (2018﹒北京﹒T5)She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
10. (2018﹒天津﹒T2)Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in
Australia.
10. (2018﹒江苏﹒T23)Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting
line.
11. (2017 ﹒ 北 京 ﹒ T31)The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great
inventions.
12. (2017﹒江苏﹒T28)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve
worldwide starvation.
13. (2016﹒江苏﹒T23)Many young people, most ______whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to
chase theirdreams.
14. (2016﹒天津﹒T9)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
15. (2016﹒浙江﹒T11) Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of
______ has been proved.
16. (2015﹒湖南﹒T29)It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago
with its winding streets and pretty cottages..
17. (2015﹒北京﹒T24)Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music.
18. (2015﹒重庆﹒T14)He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.
19. (2015﹒天津﹒T15)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees
enjoy their work.
20. (2015﹒四川﹒T3)The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
21. (2015﹒陕西﹒T15)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be
able to be independent.
22. (2015﹒福建﹒T34)China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people
all over the world want to learn about China.
23. (2015﹒江苏﹒T24)The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
24. (2015 ﹒ 安 徽 ﹒ T28)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education
depends.
25. (2014·北京卷)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ________ my classmates
recommended to me.
26. (2014·天津卷)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ________ uses it differently.
27. (2014·山东卷)A company ________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
28. (2014·重庆卷)We'll reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the year.
29. (2014·江苏卷)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a
good impression is a must.
30. (2014·浙江卷)I don't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ________ I went up to rescue a kite that
was stuck in the branches of a tree.
31. (2014·福建卷)Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience
for growth.
32. (2014·安徽卷)The exact year ________ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
33. (2014· 湖 南 卷 )I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my
feelings for her.
34. (2014·陕西卷)Please send us all the information ______ you have about the candidate for the position.
35. (2014·四川卷)Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite unexpected.
36. (2014·江西卷)Among the many dangers __________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
37. (2013·辽宁卷)He may win the competition, in______case he is likely to get into the national team.
38. (2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ________ I would be staying.
39. (2013· 北 京 卷 )Many countries are now setting up national parks ________ animals and plants can be
protected.
40. (2013·天津卷)We have launched another man-made satellite, ________ is announced in today's newspaper.
41. (2013·重庆卷)John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members.
42. (2013·山东卷)There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.
43. (2013·山东卷)Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world.
44. (2013· 浙 江 卷 )The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________
visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.
45. (2013·福建卷)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________ lives were affected.
46. (2013·江苏卷)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ________ he remembers
starting as early as his childhood.
47. (2013·安徽卷)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ________ made one of the Chinese
people's long-held dreams come true.
48. (2013· 湖 南 卷 )Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own
strengths.
49. (2013·四川卷)Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live.
50. (2013·江西卷)He wrote a letter ________ he explains what had happened in the accident.
51. (2012·课标全国卷Ⅱ)That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.
52. (2012·安徽卷)A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life,
so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
53. (2012· 湖 南 卷 )Care of the soul is a gradual process in ________ even the small details of life should be
considered.
54. (2012·浙江卷)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ________， for some reason, had withdrawn from all
human society.
55. —When did you first read Mo Yan's stories?
—In 2005 ________ I was attending high school.
56. Life is like an onion, ________ sometimes makes you weep when you try opening it.
57. In the fast-moving information age，teenagers should keep pace with the media environment ________ they
communicate with the outside world.
58. Officials of our city are considering a law ________ would require pet owners to put microchips in their
animals.
59. Mo Yan，most of ________ novels have been adapted for films，is now a world-famous writer.
60. The result was not the same as they had expected, ________ was rather disappointing.
61. Most of my friends shop at the stores ________ the goods are very cheap.
62. The school library is a resource ________ you can take advantage to make progress.
63. This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ________ many others are short of.
64. Whether you like it or not ， we live in a community ________ online chatting is an important part of
communication.
65. The Voice of China has set up a big stage for young people with a talent for music, ________ some have stood
out among them.
66. The living standard of the people in China, ________ is shown in the report, has improved over the past
decades.
67. Each graduate standing on the playground, ________ was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a
diploma by the headmaster.
68. The mother thanked the young man again and again, without ________ help her son would have been killed by
the passing car.
69. My grandmother lived in a generation ________ women were looked down upon.
70. —How do you understand life?
—It is a constant match ________ the greatest opponent is yourself.
71. American students take part in a wide variety of after-school activities ________ they develop their social
skills.
72. He is such a lazy man ________ nobody wants to work with.
73. Salina wants to find a job ________ she can use what she has learned at school.
74. Drive-ins have large parking lots ________ customers are served in their cars by waitresses.
答案与解析
1.【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行
词为 an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用 when。
2.【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中 she can say
individual words but not full sentences 是一个定语从句，先行词是 the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，
用关系副词 where.
3.【答案】One afternoon where
when I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词 one afternoon 表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用 when。故
将 where 改为 when。
4.【答案】where
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为 the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作 opened
一词的宾语，故用 which。
5.【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。
先行词为 masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填 who。
6.【答案】
In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment is created for them.
【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词 environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用 that/which。故 把
what 改为 that/which。
7.【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是 cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用
that 或 which 引导。故填 that/which。
8.【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are totally
engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词 those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填 who 或
that。
9.【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them
keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词 which
引导。
10. 【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共
住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为 Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词 sister 的定语，故用关系代词 whose。
11.【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词
为 area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词 where，相当于 in which。
12.【答案】 that
【解析】考查关系词。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。此句是定语从句，
从句缺少宾语，先行词是 problems，用 that。
75. (2017﹒江苏﹒T28)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve
worldwide starvation.
【答案】whose
【解析】
试题分析：考查定语从句。先行词是“the World Food Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是……，
whose 在定语从句中作定语，这里限定 purposes。句意：1963 年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，
其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。
13.【答案】of
【解析】试题分析: 考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是 Many young people, 关系代词 whom 指代先行
词，在定语从句中作为介词 of 的宾语。句意:很多年轻人都前往偏远地区追求它们的梦想，其中大部分人都
是受过良好教育。故填 of。
14.【答案】 when
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是
next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。
15.【答案】 which
【解析】
试题分析：句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证明了。使
用定语从句，先行词是 theories，指物，定语从句中用代词+介词+关系代词 which 引导。
16.【答案】which
【解析】试题分析：根据分析，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 place，在定语从句中是作主语的，
所以用关系代词引导。As 引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除，选用 which。句意：这真是一个
令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和 100 年前看起来是一模一样的。
17.【答案】where
【解析】试题分析：句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。
先行词是 St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中
作的是地点状语。用 where。
18.【答案】which
【解析】试题分析：句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，几乎一半在 1990 年左右出版。先行词是 books，定语从
句中 of 缺少宾语.
19.【答案】where
【解析】试题分析：句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。
句中先行词为 atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词 where。
20.【答案】whose
【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。本题考查定语从句的关系词，先行词为 the books，和 covers 之间存在
所有关系，意为书的封面。句意为：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。
21.【答案】when
【解析】试题分析：句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex 总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，
先行词是 the time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词 when.
22.【答案】which
【解析】试题分析：考查非限制性定语从句。根据句式结构来看出现了逗号，说明这是一个非限制性定语
从句。首先 That 不能引导非限制性定语从句，who 在引导非限制性定语从句的时候通常在从句中做主语和
宾语，指人，而 whom 也指人，却只能做宾语。Which 引导非限制性定语从句通常在从句中做主语或者宾语。
关系词代指前面的中国日报，在定语从句中做主语。该句意思为：中国日报有着全球的读者群，这说明全
球越来越多的人想要了解中国。
23.【答案】as
【解析】试题分析：句意：据报道，吸烟者人数仅（过去）一年就减少了 17%。as 引导的非限制性定语从
句位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句话。
24.【答案】which
【解析】试题分析:句意:一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。it 不能引导定语从句;that 不
用于介词之后;whose 作定语，其后需有名词;depend on/upon 依靠，依赖，介词后只能用 which 或 whom 来
构成定语从句的引导词。
25.which 句意：我上周从图书馆借了《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》这本书，这是我的同学推荐给我的。先行
词为 the book Sherlock Holmes，从句中 recommended 后缺少宾语成分，故填关系代词 which。
26.which 句意：英语是一种被好几种不同的文化都使用的语言，而且每一种文化使用它的方式也不同。
设空处前后两部分之间既没有并列连词也没有从属连词，故后面部分应为定语从句，又因为先行词是 cultures
且关系词在定语从句中作介词 of 的宾语，所以填 which。
27.whose 句意：从国内市场得到的利润正在下降的公司可以去国外寻找机会。先行词为 company，将
先行词代入定语从句后为：The company's profits from home markets are declining.由此可见关系词在定语从句
中作定语，故填 whose。
28.which/that 句意：一个月以后我们将会达到年初所定的销售目标。在本句中，先行词是 the sales
targets，关系代词在定语从句中作 set 的宾语，所以填关系代词 which/that。设空处也可以不填，因为关系代
词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。
29.where 句意：这本书对我的日常交流很有帮助，尤其是在那些必须给人留下良好印象的工作中。根
据句意填关系副词 where。where 引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。
30.when 句意：我直到五年级才真正成为一个攀登者，那时，我爬到树上去拿一个被挂在树枝上的风
筝。在本句中，先行词为 the fifth grade，设空处在定语从句中作时间状语，故填 when。
31.where 句意：学生应该参加社区活动，他们从中能获得成长经验。将先行词 community activities 代
入定语从句后为：They can gain experience for growth from the community activities.由此可知关系词在从句中
作地点状语。故填 where。
32.which/that 句意：安杰拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的确切年份是 2008 年。在本句中，先行词是
the exact year，关系词在定语从句中作 spent 的宾语，故填 which/that。
33.when 句意：我正期待着那一天的到来，那时我的女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的感情。在本
句中，先行词为 the day，关系词在从句中充当时间状语，故填 when。
34.that 句意：请把你拥有的关于竞聘这个职位的那个候选人的所有信息发给我们。在本句中，先行词 the
information 被 all 修饰，所以只能填关系代词 that，而不填 which。
35.which 句意：到目前为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹款 50,000 英镑，这非常出乎我们的意
料。根据句子结构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主
语，所以填 which。
36.．which/that 句意：在海员们不得不面对的许多危险中，最大的危险很可能是雾。在本句中，先行
词为 dangers，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Sailors have to face the dangers.由此可见，关系词在定语从句中
作 face 的宾语，且指“物”，故填 which/that。
37.．which 句意：他有可能赢得这次比赛，假使那样的话，他有希望进入国家队。句子可改为：He may
win the competition，and in that case he is likely to get into the national team.去掉并列连词 and，用 which 替换
that 后变为一个非限制性定语从句。
38.．where/in which 句意：在我到达后，Bryan 带我去看了我将要住的房子。先行词 the house 表示地
点，还原到定语从句中为：I would be staying in the house.故应使用关系副词 where 或 in which 引导定语从句。
39.．where/in which 句意：很多国家现在都在建立国家公园，在那里动植物能够受到保护。先行词为
national parks，代入定语从句后为：In the national parks animals and plants can be protected.故使用表示地点的
关系副词 where 或 in which 引导定语从句。
40.．which/as 句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这件事是在今天的报纸上宣布的。设空处引导非限
制性定语从句，先行词为前面一句话，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用 which/as 引导。
41.．whom 句意：约翰邀请了大约 40 人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分都是自家人。在定语从句
中如果介词放在关系代词之前，且先行词指人时，从句中关系代词只能使用 whom。
42.．as 句意：科学往往就是这样，它没有一个简单的答案。空格处的引导词在从句中作主语，并引
导非限制性定语从句。
43.．which/that 句意：他最后到了一座完全与外面世界隔绝的孤岛上。定语从句修饰的先行词是 island，
将先行词代入定语从句后为：The island was completely cut off from the outside world.由此可见先行词在定语
从句中作主语，且先行词表示“物”，可以用 which 或 that 引导。
44.．where/on which 句意：博物馆将在春天开放，届时将有一个展览和一个观景平台。参观者可以在
那个观景台上观看正在建设的大温室(玻璃暖房)。先行词为 a viewing platform，将其代入定语从句后为：
Visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built on the viewing platform.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点
状语，故用 where/on which。
45.．whose 句意：这本书从生活遭受地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。将先行词 those 代入定
语从句后为：The lives of those were affected.由此可知先行词在从句中和 lives 是所属关系，从句中缺少定语，
故填 whose。
46.．which 句意：世界银行主席说他对中国有一种情结，他记得这种情结始于他的儿童时代。先行词
是 a passion for China，且在定语从句中作 starting 的宾语，要用关系代词，在非限制性定语从句中用 which。
47.．which 句意：莫言被授予 2012 年诺贝尔文学奖，这使得中国人长久以来拥有的梦想之一变成了
现实。which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句。
48.．who 句意：幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于发现自身长处的人。先行词为 those，将先行词代入非
限制性定语从句后为：Those are good at recognizing their own strengths.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作主
语，且表示“人”，故用 who。本题易误填 that。当先行词是指人的不定代词，如：one，ones，anyone，those，
all，nobody 等时，用 who 不用 that。
49.．where/in which 句意：现在人们更加关心他们居住的环境。先行词是 environment，将先行词代入
定语从句后为：They live in the environment.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用 where/in which
引导。
50.．where/in which 句意：他写了一封信，信中他解释了事故中发生了什么。将先行词 letter 代入定
语从句后为：He explained what had happened in the accident in the letter.由此可知从句中缺少状语，应该用关
系副词 where 或 in which。
51.．which 句意：那晚我工作到很晚，稍后我会告诉你更多关于那晚的事。先行词为 that evening，将
先行词代入非限制性定语从句后为：I will tell you more about that evening later. 由此可见关系词在定语从句
中作 about 的宾语，且表示“物”，故用 which 引导。本题易误填 when，考生只看到先行词为表示时间的名
词，但没有注意到先行词在定语从句中的功能。
52.．as 句意：正如人们所发现的那样，许多语言学习是在人出生后的第一年发生的，所以在那段时
期父母应该跟孩子多说话。根据句子结构可知，空格处所填词为非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词为 A lot
of language learning is happening in the first year of life，关系词在定语从句中作主语，且定语从句作为插入语
放在了句子中，故答案为 as，意为：正如。
53.．which 句意：对心灵的关爱是一个渐进的过程，在这个过程中即使最细微的生活细节都应该被考
虑在内。考查“介词＋which”引导的定语从句。先行词为 a gradual process，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Even
the small details of life should be considered in the gradual process.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作介词 in 的宾
语，所以填 which。
54.．who 句意：埃伦是一个专画鸟类和自然风景的画家。由于某种原因，她远离了人类社会。此题
考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Ellen。因为关系词指人并且在从句中作主语，所以只能用 who。
55.．when 分析句子结构可知，2005 年是先行词，在定语从句中充当的是时间状语，故用关系副词
when 引导。
56.．which 句意：生活就像一个洋葱，当你尝试着剥开它时，它有时候会让你流泪。which 引导非限
制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词 an onion，在从句中做主语。
57.．where/in which 此处为定语从句，先行词为 the media environment，在从句中做地点状语。
58.．that/which 此处为定语从句，修饰先行词 a law; 因先行词指物，且关系词在从句中充当主语，所
以用 that 或 which 引导该定语从句。
59.．whose 分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句。先行词指人，且关系词在从句中做 novels
的定语，因此用 whose 引导该定语从句。
60.．which 句意：结果与他们当初预料的不一样，这让人觉得很失望。这里用 which 引导非限制性定
语从句，关系代词 which 指代空前的整句内容并在从句中做主语。
61.where/in which 根据句子结构判断，空处引导定语从句，先行词为 the stores, 且空处在从句中做状
语，表示地点，所以要用 where/in which。
62.of which 此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，take advantage of 表示“利用”，根据该搭配可
知，应填 of which。
63.that/which 句意：这家餐馆有一种诱人的、如家一般的氛围，这是很多其他餐馆所没有的。这里需
要用关系代词引导定语从句，且指物并在从句中做宾语，因此填 that 或 which。
64. where/in which 句意：不管你是否喜欢，在我们生活的这个社会，网上聊天是人际交流的一个重要
部分。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a community，并在从句中做地点状语，因此用 where/in which 引导。
65．where/on which 句意：《中国好声音》为有音乐天赋的年轻人建立了一个大舞台。在这个舞台上，
一些人从中脱颖而出。分析句子成分可知，“________ some have stood out among them”是定语从句，修饰先
行词 stage，从句中缺少地点状语，故用 where 引导，相当于 on which。
66．as 句意：正如报告所显示的，中国人民的生活水平在过去的几十年里得到了改善。这里用 as 引
导非限制性定语从句，关系代词 as 指代主句的内容并在从句中做主语。
67．who 句意：每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发文凭。这里需要
用关系代词引导定语从句，并在从句中做主语，指人，故用 who 引导。
68．whose 句意：这位母亲一次又一次地感谢这个年轻人，如果没有他的帮助，她的儿子就被过往的
汽车撞死了。分析句子成分可知，此处应用 whose 修饰名词 help，引导非限制性定语从句。
69．when/in which 句意：我的祖母生活在一个妇女被看不起的时代。此处用 when 引导定语从句，修
饰先行词 generation, 在从句中做时间状语，相当于 in which。
70．where/in which 句意：——你如何理解生活？——它是一场没有尽头的比赛，在这个比赛中最大
的对手是你自己。根据句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是 a constant match, 空处在定语从句中充
当地点状语，故用关系副词 where 引导，相当于 in which。
71．where/in which 空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 activities，且空处在从句中做地点状语，所以用
where 引导，相当于 in which。
72．as 句意：他是个如此懒惰的人，以至于没有人想和他一起工作。such...that... 引导结果状语从句，
that 只起连接作用，从句中不缺少成分。such...as... 中 as 引导限制性定语从句，as 为关系代词，在从句中
做主语、宾语等。
73．where/in which 句意：Salina 想找一份能用上她在学校学的知识的工作。空处引导定语从句，修
饰先行词 a job 并在定语从句中做地点状语，因此该空可填 in which 或 where。
74．where 句意：“免下车”餐厅有很大的停车场，顾客可以在自己的汽车里接受女侍者的服务。large
parking lots 是地点，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填 where。
Step 3 模拟精粹
语法填空
(2020·咸阳高三模拟)Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and __1__ (consume), by the way the
people communicate with tea, __2__ by the aesthetics (美学) surrounding tea drinking. It includes aspects of tea
production, tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and
media issues.
Tea ceremonies, with __3__ (it) roots in the Chinese tea culture, differ among eastern countries. However, it
may also differ in preparation, such as in Tibet, __4__ tea is commonly brewed with salt and butter.
Different regions also favor different __5__ (variety) of teablack, or oolong, and use different flavorings, such
as milk, sugar or herbs. The temperature and strength of the tea likewise varies __6__ (wide)．
Due to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses can __7__ (find) in most Chinese
neighborhoods and business districts.
Tea culture in China differs __8__ that of Europe, Britain or Japan in such things as preparation methods,
tasting methods and the occasions for which it is consumed. Even now, in both casual and __9__ (form) Chinese
occasions, tea is consumed regularly. In addition to __10__ (be) a drink, Chinese tea is used in traditional Chinese
medicine and in Chinese cuisine.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了茶文化，包括茶的制作和消费方式，人们与茶的交流方式，
并说明茶道起源于中国及中国的茶文化与其他国家的不同。
1．consumed 考查动词的语态。分析句子可知，空处的词和 made 都是从句中谓语动词的一部分，都
应用过去分词的形式，故填 consumed。
2．and 考查连词。分析句子可知，前后两句为并列关系，故填 and。
3．its 考查代词。分析句子可知，空中的词修饰名词 roots 作定语，应用 it 的形容词性物主代词，故
填 its。
4．where 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Tibet，在从句中
作地点状语，故填 where。
5．varieties 考查名词复数。根据下文列出的茶可知，这里是不同种类的茶，variety 作为种类是可数名
词，应变为复数形式，把 y 变 i 加 es，故填 varieties。
6．widely 考查副词。分析句子可知，空处的词修饰动词 varies 作状语，应用副词形式，故填 widely。
7．be found 考查语态。分析句子可知，空中缺少谓语动词，位于 can 后应用动词原形，且主语和谓语
之间是被动关系，故填 be found。
8．from 考查介词。短语 differ from 意为“不同于”，故填 from。
9．formal 考查形容词。分析句子可知，空中的词修饰名词 occasions 作定语，应用形容词，故填 formal。
10．being 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，in addition to 为固定短语，意为“除……之外”，to 为介词，
后应接动名词，故填 being。
短文改错
Dear Mike，
I’m glad to have received your letter says that you are interested in China. Now I am writing to sincere invite
you to visit China, where won’t let you down. As you know, China, with a long history and great culture, have a sea
of famous cities and different types of place of interest for you to explore. Among them you can’t miss out the
Great Wall! Besides, you can also enjoy its various delicious foods and convenience transport like highspeed trains
and sharing bikes. They will sure give you the brand new experience!
Looking forward to seeing you soon!
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：第一句：says→saying 或在 says 前加 which/that
第二句：sincere→sincerely; where→which
第三句：have→has; place→places
第四句：去掉 out
第五句：convenience→convenient; sharing→shared
第六句：sure→surely; the→a
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