2021 年全国 2021 年高考重难点冲刺套卷（三）解析版
第一部分 语言运用 （共 80 分）
一、阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Programming Volunteers Wanted!
Jefferson Public Radio(JPR)currently has multiple opportunities for talented community
members to join the volunteer programming staff. If you have extensive(广博的) knowledge and
love for one or more of the many types of music JPR broadcasts, we’d love to start that
conversation.
Our current opportunities include:
Open Air Host (Weekdays)JPR’s signature music show is in need of a few new amazing
substitute hosts(代理主持人)! We’re looking for people with unlimited curiosity about artists and
musical styles, an artistic sensibility, and the desire to share music with others. We’ll need you
both for training and for the real deal either from 8: 30 am to noon, or from 11: 30 am to 3 pm. If
you’ve ever dreamt of doing a “dream job” like playing music on the radio, we’d love to have you.
Plus， you’ ll be able to explore our 25,000 album music library and get to use our brand-new
studios!
Classical Music Host (Weekdays) We' re presently on the lookout for one or two people
able to share their passion for classical music with the JPR audience on an occasional substitute
basis. You must have a deep knowledge of classical music, solid pronunciation skills and a fair bit
of computer proficiency(精通) to be successful, plus have time in your schedule to be available(有
空的) weekdays between7 am and 4 pm. We’ll provide all of the training to have you sounding
like pro(职业主持人) in no time.
If you are interested, please send an introductory email to Eric Teel (teel(@sou. edu) stating
why you are interested and why you think you'd be a great fit with the other excellent community
volunteers who keep JPR running smoothly. No phone calls, please.
1. What is required if you want to join the programs?
A. Having a conversation with Eric Teel.
B. Receiving work-related training.
C. Learning about a pro as much as possible.
D. Having relevant host experience.
2. What should be included in your email?
A. A letter of recommendation.
B. Your varied musical interests.
C. Why you’re suitable for the position.
D. How you’ll contribute to the running of JPR.
3. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To raise money for JPR.
B. To find volunteers for JPR.
C. To introduce a smart career move.
D. To encourage the music industry.
【答案】1-3 BCB
【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章是一则美国杰斐逊公共广播电台招聘代理主持人的信息。
1. B。细节理解题。根据 Open Air Host (Weekdays)部分中的 We'll need you both for ... or from
11:30 am to 3 pm 以及 Classical Music Host (Weekdays)部分中的 We'll provide all of the training
to have you sounding like a pro in no time 可知，你若想参加这两个项目，先得接受岗前培训。
2. C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 why you think you'd be a great fit ... JPR running smoothly
可知，你需要在邮件中说明你适合这个岗位的原因。
3. B。推理判断题。根据标题 Programming Volunteers Wanted!以及第一段中的 Jefferson Public
Radio ... join the volunteer programming staff 可知，本文旨在为美国杰斐逊公共广播电台招聘
志愿者。
B
Stepinac has become one of the first high schools in the country to drop all textbooks and
replace them with a “digital library”. When students started classes on Monday, they would install
an app on their tablets or laptops and get instant access to all 40 texts in the Stepinac curriculum.
Dennis Lauro, director of an information center which provided technical support for public
schools in New York, said neither he nor his colleagues were aware of a similar digital effort in a
public school setting. “This is the wave of the future,” Lauro said. “I’m not surprised that private
school would beat the public schools to it. They have the ability to just do it. There is so much
politics involved in public schools, and when it comes to a move like that, they need approval
from boards and committees.”
For Tom Collins, Stepinac’s president, the commitment to digital source material was not so
difficult a decision. In the past, students’ families had to spend up to $700 a year on textbooks.
This year-after the one-time purchase of a tablet or laptop families only need to pay $150. Using
the digital library is almost as easy as opening a new book. A student can instantly open a map of
Egypt or a speech by President John F. Kennedy in a digital book. A teacher can show a page from
a digital book on a whiteboard at the front of the class or send students a link to a particular math
problem with notes added in.
The first few weeks may bring some challenges. Stepinac officials expect some parental
discomfort over dropping concrete books. They recognize there may be technical faults at first.
And they will have to encourage students to leave space-eating photos and music off their tablets
--- and to keep their tablets charged.
4. What is going on in Stepinac?
A. It’s building a new library. B. It’s reforming its textbooks.
C. It’s updating its digital resources. D. It’s changing its management pattern.
5. By saying the underlined sentence, Lauro believes ____________.
A. private schools have their advantages
B. public schools face great challenges
C. the effort is to cause instant changes
D. it’s a trend for schools to go digital
6. Which of the following is the advantage of using the digital library?
A. It helps students to remember well.
B. It helps save money for the students.
C. It includes all the knowledge students want to learn.
D. It gives students the chance to learn high technology.
7. Who may worry about the move in Stepinnc?
A. Officials. B. Technicians. C. Parents. D. Teachers.
【答案】4-7 BDBC
【语篇解读】 Stepinac 中学正在尝试对传统的教科书进行改革，使用数字图书馆教学。这
是未来教学的发展趋势，但是家长们对这一改革心存疑虑。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Stepinac 中学放弃了传统的教科书，改用数字图
书馆进行教学。因此, Stepinac 中学正在对教科书进行改革。
5. D 句意理解题。根据第二段第三、四句可知, 在 Lauro 看来，私立学校先于公立学校使用
数字图书馆进行教学一点儿也不奇怪，因为私立学校有更多的自由。而 Lauro 持有这种观
点的前提是他赞同“数字化是未来教学的发展趋势”这一说法, 故 D 项符合语境。
6. B 推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，在过去, 学生一年需要支付的教科书费高达
700 美元, 而在今年, 一次性购买电脑后, 学生只需支付 150 美元。由此可推知，使用数字图
书馆可以帮学生省下一些教材费。
7. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，有些父母可能会对学校摒弃使用传统教科书的
做法心存疑虑。
C
When is cleaning walls a crime? When you’re doing it to create art, obviously. A number of
street artists around the world have started expressing themselves through a practice known as
reverse graffiti (涂鸦). They find dirty surfaces and paint them with images or messages using
cleaning brushes or pressure hoses (高压水管). Either way, it’s the same principle: the image is
made by cleaning away the dirt. Each artist has their own individual style but all artists share a
common aim: to draw attention to the pollution in our cities.
The UK’s Paul Curtis, better known as Moose, operates around Leeds and London and has
been appointed by a number of companies to make reverse graffiti advertisements. Brazilian artist,
Alexandre Orion, turned one of Sao Paulo’s transport tunnels into an amazing wall painting in
2006 by getting rid of the dirt. Made up of series of white skulls (颅骨), the painting reminds
drivers of the effect their pollution is having on the planet. “Every motorist sits in the comfort of
their car, but they don’t give any consideration to the price their comfort has for the environment
and consequently for themselves,” says Orion.
The anti-pollution message of the reverse graffiti artists confuses city authorities since the
main argument against graffiti is that it spoils the appearance of both types of property: public and
private. This was what Leeds City Council said about Moose’s work: “Leeds residents want to live
in clean and attractive neighborhoods. We view this kind of advertising as environmental damage
and will take strong action against it.” Moose was ordered to “clean up his act.” How was he
supposed to do this: by making all property he had cleaned dirty again?
As for the Brazilian artist’s work, the authorities were annoyed but could find nothing to
charge him with. They had no other option but to clean the tunnel — but only the parts Alexandre
had already cleaned. The artist merely continued his campaign on the other side. The city officials
then decided to take further action. They not only cleaned the whole tunnel but every tunnel in Sao
Paulo.
8. What do we learn from the passage about reverse graffiti?
A. It uses paint to create anti-pollution images.
B. It creates a lot of trouble for local residents.
C. It causes lots of distraction to drivers.
D. It turns dirty walls into artistic works.
9. What do we learn about Brazilian artist Alexandre Orion?
A. He was good at painting white skulls.
B. He chose tunnels to do his graffiti art.
C. He suggested banning all polluting cars.
D. He was fond of doing creative artworks.
10. What does the author imply about Leeds City Council’s decision?
A. It is simply absurd. B．It is well-informed.
C. It is rather unexpected. D．It is quite sensible.
11. How did Sao Paulo city officials handle Alexandre Orion's reverse graffiti?
A. They made him clean all the tunnels in Sao Paulo.
B. They took further action to ban all reverse graffiti.
C. They charged him with polluting tunnels in the city.
D. They made it impossible for him to practice his art.
【答案】8-11 ABAD
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论涂鸦是否犯罪，讲述在涂鸦方面艺术家们和政
府之间的矛盾：艺术家们为了呼吁环保而涂鸦，而政府因为保护环境禁止涂鸦。
8. A 细节理解题。根据第一段“to draw attention to the pollution in our cities(关注我们城市的污
染)”及第三段“The anti-pollution message of the reverse graffiti(反污染意义的涂鸦)”可知，艺术
家们涂鸦是为了创造反污染的概念。故选 A 项。
9. B 细节理解题。根据第二段“Brazilian artist, Alexandre Orion, turned one of Sao Paulo's
transport tunnels into an amazing wall painting in 2006 by getting rid of the dirt.(在 2006 年，巴西
艺术家 Alexandre Orion 把 Sao Paulo 的交通隧道变成令人惊奇的涂鸦墙，使交通隧道摆脱尘
土)”可知，Alexandre Orion 在交通隧道里涂鸦。故选 B 项。
10. A 推理判断题。根据第三段 “We view this kind of advertising as environmental damage and
will take strong action against it.(我们认为这种广告会破坏环境，所以要强力反对)”及“Moose
was ordered to “clean up his act.”(Moose 被命令“改过自新”)”可知，前文讲述艺术家为了呼吁
环保而涂鸦，但是当局却认为涂鸦是污染环境的行为，禁止艺术家涂鸦。再根据“How was he
supposed to do this: by making all property he had cleaned dirty again?(该怎么做呢？要把他所
有干净的杰作再弄脏吗？)”可推知，作者提出这样的问题是为了表达对当局做法的否定。故
选 A 项。
11. D 推理判断题。根据第四段“They not only cleaned the whole tunnel but every tunnel in Sao
Paulo.(他们不仅要清除这个隧道的涂鸦，还有 Sao Paulo 里的每一个隧道)”可推知，圣保罗
市的官员们让亚历山大·奥利翁的涂鸦成为不可能。故选 D 项。
D
A new study, published this week in the journal Frontiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that
non-human animals' tears are not so different from our own. The chemical similarities are so great,
in fact, that the composition of other species' tears—and how they're adapted to their
environments-may provide insights into better treatments for human eye disease.
Previously, scientists had studied closely only the tears of a handful of mammals, including
humans, dogs, horses, camels, and monkeys. In the new study, Brazilian veterinarians analyzed
the tears of reptiles and birds for the first time , focusing on seven species.
Tears, which are released from tear tubes, form a film over the eye that's composed of three
ingredients: mucus, waler, and oil. The mucus coats the eyes surface and helps to attach the film to
the eye, the water is a natural salty solution containing crucial proteins and minerals, and the oil
prevents the eye from drying out.
Humans are the only known species to produce emotional tears; the expression "crocodile
tears," which refers to a person's phony display of emotion, comes from the mysterious tendency
of crocodiles to release tears as they eat.
But tears play key roles beyond weeping, notes Lionel Sebbag at Iowa State University, who
was not involved in the new research. They help with vision by lubricating and clearing the eye.
They also protect the eye against infection and provide nutrition to the cornea, the eye's clear outer
layer, which lacks blood tubes, he says.
Learning how reptiles and birds' use tears may also inspire new medications for conditions
such as dry eye, which occurs when tear tubes don't produce enough oil. The disease, common in
cats, dogs, and people, can sometimes lead to blindness.
12. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The source of tears. B. The composition of tears.
C. The classification of tears, D. The definition of tears.
13. What does the underlined word "phony” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Tricky. B. Regretful. C. Cold. D. False.
14. Which statement does Lionel Sebbag agree with?
A. Weeping contributes to eye disease. B. The cornea has rich blood tubes.
C. Tears oil and clear the eyes. D. More tears mean better vision.
15. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Tears, a barrier to eyes B. A better treatment for eye disease
C. Non-human tears promise new cures D. Other species’ tears are similar to humans'
【答案】12-15 BDCC
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪并没有太大不同，
实际上这些眼泪为治愈人类的一些疾病提供了思路。
12. B 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Tears, which are released from tear tubes, form a film over the
eye that's composed of three ingredients: mucus, waler, and oil. The mucus coats the eyes surface
and helps to attach the film to the eye, the water is a natural salty solution containing crucial
proteins and minerals, and the oil prevents the eye from drying out. (眼泪从泪管中释放出来，在
眼睛上形成一层薄膜，由三种成分组成：粘液、水和油脂。粘液覆盖了眼睛表面，有助于将
眼膜附着在眼睛上。水是一种天然的含盐溶液，含有重要的蛋白质和矿物质，油可以防止眼
睛干燥)”可知，第三段主要讲了眼泪的成分。故选 B。
13. D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“display of emotion, comes from the mysterious tendency of
crocodiles to release tears as they eat”可知，鳄鱼进食的时候会流泪，所以“鳄鱼的眼泪”指的
是一个人虚假的情感表达。即画线词意思是“虚假的”。A. Tricky.狡猾的；B. Regretful.后悔
的；C. Cold.寒冷的；D. False.虚假的。故选 D。
14. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But tears play key roles beyond weeping, notes Lionel
Sebbag at Iowa State University, who was not involved in the new research. They help with vision
by lubricating and clearing the eye.(但爱荷华州立大学的 Lionel Sebbag 指出，眼泪在哭泣之外
还发挥着关键作用，他没有参与这项新研究。它们通过润滑和清洁眼睛来帮助视力)”可知，
C 选项“眼泪可以润滑和清洁眼睛”的观点 Lionel Sebbag 可能同意。故选 C。
15. C 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study, published this week in the journal Frontiers in
Veterinary Science, reveals that non-human animals' tears are not so different from our own. The
chemical similarities are so great, in fact, that the composition of other species' tears—and how
they're adapted to their environments-may provide insights into better treatments for human eye
disease. (本周发表在《兽医科学前沿》杂志上的一项新研究表明，动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪
并没有太大不同。事实上，它们的化学成分非常相似，以至于其他物种的眼泪的组成以及它
们如何适应环境，可能为更好地治疗人类眼病提供了思路)”可知，文章主要介绍的是动物的
眼泪为治疗人类眼病提供了思路，C 选项“动物的眼泪预示着新的治疗方法”最符合文章标题。
故选 C。
二、七选五 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning Is Everywhere and Anytime
Employees nowadays are faced with major changes in their working life. Besides their daily
tasks and responsibilities, they are also learners. Specifically, they are learners faced with an
information overload and above all, a limited amount of time. In order to catch all the
opportunities learning has to offer, learning should be able to occur anywhere, at any time.
_____16______.
This first challenge for all the learners involved in the e-learning area is that your contents
should be available on smartphones and mobile Internet devices, or you won't have any chance to
be competitive in the e-learning field. _____17______. Did you know that the rate of information
has tripled (增长三倍)in the last 3 years alone? People are overloaded with tools and need
guidance to learn how to learn in the digital age.
_____18______. Micro-learning makes learning easier with smaller learning units and
short-term-focused activities. As experts say, repetitive learning through putting the learning
process into daily routines is highly effective. And you can improve the learner experience by
offering so-called learning nugget in an ATAWADAC style: Any Time, Any Where, Any Device,
Any Content.
To boost the learner experience, you need to select only content that is relevant to you. Create
your own personalized on-demand learning library, by piling up interesting learning content that
you can easily get. _____19______, you can create your daily learning journey by consuming
bite-sized learning content on.
_____20______.
• Increase the completion rate.
• Give visibility to onboarding programmes: newcomers can have access to entry-level
programmes everywhere and at any time.
• Give feedback before or after training lessons.
A. How to increase micro-learning?
B. Here are some benefits of micro-learning.
C. It's important to know repetitive learning too.
D. Micro-learning forms an answer for learner's challenges.
E. Besides, people are faced with an information overload.
F. It should also take into consideration of the limitations of the individual
G. By means of one mobile device (tablet, phone, application)
【答案】16-20 FEDGB
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种学习活动——微学习，这种学习可以
帮助人们解决学习的局限性。
16. F 上文“Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a
limited amount of time.（具体来说, 他们是学习者, 面对的是信息过载, 最重要的是, 有限
的时间。）”说明每个人的学习都有局限性。F 选项 It should also take into consideration of the
limitations of the individual.（它还应该考虑到个人的局限性。）说明学习还要考虑个人的局限
性, 符合文意。故选 F 项。
17. E 下文“Did you know that the rate of information has tripled in the last 3 years alone? People
are overloaded with tools and need guidance to learn how to learn in the digital age.（你知道仅在
过去的三年里，信息的传播速度就增长了两倍吗?在数字时代，人们的工具太多了，需要有
人来指导他们如何学习。）”说明数字时代的人们面对的信息量很大。E 选项 Besides, people
are faced with an information overload.（此外，人们面临着信息过载。）符合下文文意。故选
E 项。
18. D 上文“Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a
limited amount of time.（具体来说，他们是学习者，面对的是信息过载，最重要的是，有限
的时间。）”说明每个人的学习都面临着一定的局限性的挑战。下文“Micro - learning makes
learning easier with smaller learning units and short - term - focused activities.（微学习使学习更
容易与更小的学习单元和短期关注的活动。）”说明微学习可以解决信息过载时间有限等问题。
D 选项 Micro-learning forms an answer for learner's challenges.（微学习为学习者的挑战提供了
答案。）符合上下文意。故选 D 项。
19. G 上文“This first challenge for all the learners involved in the e-learning area is that your
contents should be available on smartphones and mobile Internet devices, or you won't have any
chance to be competitive in the e-learning field.（对于所有参与电子学习领域的学习者来说，
第一个挑战是，你的内容必须在智能手机和移动互联网设备上可用，否则你将没有任何机会
在电子学习领域具有竞争力。）”说明移动设备的必要性。下文 “you can create your daily
learning journey by consuming bite - sized learning content on（您可以通过在网上消费小规模
的学习内容来创建您的日常学习之旅）”说明需要创建日常学习之旅需要移动设备。G 选项
By means of one mobile device (tablet, phone, application)（通过一个移动设备（平板、电话、
应用程序））符合上下文意。故选 G 项。
20. B 下文“Increase the completion rate.（提高完成率。）”“Give visibility to onboarding
programmes: newcomers can have access to entry - level programmes everywhere and at any
time.
（提供入职培训:新员工可以随时随地参加入门级培训。）”“Give feedback before or after
training lessons.（在培训课程之前或之后给予反馈。）”说明这些都是微学习的优点。B 选项
Here are some benefits of micro - learning.（以下是微观学习的一些好处。）符合文意。故选 B
项。
三、完形填空：（共 15 题；每题 1 分）请认真阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A、B、C、D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项，
As our Earth’s temperature warms up because of climate change, it is having unexpected
effects on our world’s forests. When temperatures rise, trees close their skins to _____21______
the loss of water, and this, in turn, slows down the _____22______of photosynthesis(光合作用).
As a result, these trees are shorter and grow slowly, as well as have a _____23______death rate.
Climate change also increases the _____24______of droughts and wildfires. After wildfires, it
takes a while for the forest systems to _____25______, and in some cases, the forests
are_____26______ permanently. Trees that are stressed are also_____27______to attacks by
bacteria(细菌). In tropical forests, vines that use the trees as_____28______can often choke the
trees and rob them of nutrients. Finally, humans have _____29______the forest landscape through
logging. When trees are replanted on the soil, they will never grow as large as the
_____30______trees that were cut down.
As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are forced to change,
_____31______ the variety of those systems. _____32______, some endangered species are
unable to _____33______and die. Old-growth forests are disappearing in all regions of our world.
When forests die, younger forests that are reestablished in the same area grow back weaker and
smaller _____34______ poor vegetation. With trees dying increasingly and continuously, will
future generations _____35______out on the wonders of forests?
21. A. protect B. prevent C. save D. free
22. A. movement B. situation C. process D. operation
23. A. higher B. firmer C. lighter D. smaller
24. A. choice B. measure C. qualification D. chance
25. A. grow B. rescue C. recover D. decline
26. A. ignored B. lost C. hurt D. left
27. A. accessible B. enjoyable C. acceptable D. favorable
28. A. attention B. command C. trust D. support
29. A. frightened B. paid C. ruined D. wasted
30. A. common B. original C. distant D. strong
31. A. affecting B. improving C. forgetting D. reflecting
32. A. Besides B. Surprisingly C. Otherwise D. Unfortunately
33. A. devote B. keep C. adapt D. lead
34. A. due to B. in addition to C. instead of D. in spite of
35. A. pass B. miss C. break D. bring
【答案】21-25 BCADC 26-30 BADCB 31-35 ADCAB
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于气候变化，地球温度上升，这对我们
世界的森林产生了意想不到的影响。先是温度上升导致树木矮小，生长缓慢，死亡率高；其
次，气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性，野火导致了森林的消失，因此以森林为“家”
的物种被迫发生改变，甚至死亡。
21. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而
这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。A. protect 保护；B. prevent 阻止；C. save 拯救；D. free
释放。根据后文 the loss of water 可知树木将皮肤闭合是为了阻止水分的流失。故选 B。
22. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而
这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。A. movement 活动；B. situation 情况；C. process 进程；
D. operation 操作。结合上下文语境，树木闭合了树皮来防止水分流失，这反过来又减缓了
光合作用的进程（process）。故选 C。
23. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，这些树较矮，生长缓慢，死亡率也较高。A. higher
更高的；B. firmer 更坚固的；C. lighter 更明亮的；D. smaller 更小的。根据上文 these trees are
shorter and grow slowly 可知树木矮小，生长缓慢，所以死亡率也会更高了。故选 A。
24. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。A. choice 选择；
B. measure 测量；C. qualification 资格；D. chance 可能性，机会。根据后文 After wildfires
可知全球气温升高增加了干旱和野火发生的可能性。故选 D。
25. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况
下，森林会永久无法恢复。A. grow 生长；B. rescue 营救；C. recover 恢复；D. decline 下降。
结合上文 After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to 可知野火焚烧了森林之后，森
林系统需要时间才能恢复。故选 C。
26. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情
况下，森林会永久无法恢复。A. ignored 被忽视的；B. lost 无法恢复的；C. hurt 受伤的；D. left
左边的。结合上文可知野火焚烧了森林，森林需要时间来恢复，但是某些情况下，森林也可
能不能恢复了。故选 B。
27. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：压力大的树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。A. accessible 易
接近的；B. enjoyable 快乐的；C. acceptable 可接受的；D. favorable 赞成的。根据后文 to attacks
by bacteria 可知树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。短语 be accessible to“容易进入的，容易接近的”。
故选 A。
28. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在热带森林中，以树木为支撑的藤本植物经常会窒息树木，
并剥夺树木的营养。A. attention 注意力；B. command 命令；C. trust 信任；D. support 支撑，
支持。结合上文 vines that use the trees as 可知藤本植物是以树木为支撑的，故选 D。
29. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，人类通过伐木，毁坏了森林景观。A. frightened 使
害怕；B. paid 支付；C. ruined 毁灭；D. wasted 浪费。结合后文 the forest landscape through
logging 可知人类伐木毁坏了森林景观。故选 C。
30. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当树木被重新种植在土壤上时，它们永远不会长得像原
来被砍伐的树那么大。A. common 普通的；B. original 原来的；C. distant 遥远的；D. strong
强壮的。结合后文 trees that were cut down 可知此处指的是，人们新种植的树木，不会长得
像原来被砍伐的树那么大了。故选 B。
31. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些森林的消失，曾经把它们称为“家”的物种被迫改
变，影响了这些系统的多样性。A. affecting 影响；B. improving 改善；C. forgetting 忘记；D.
reflecting 放射。承接上文 As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are
forced to change 可知森林的消失，改变了这些物种，也影响了这些物种的多样性。故选 A。
32. D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。A. Besides 而
且；B. Surprisingly 惊人地；C. Otherwise 否则；D. Unfortunately 不幸地。根据后文 some
endangered species are unable to 可知某些物种很不幸地是，无法适应这些改变，只能死亡。
故选 D。
33. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。A. devote 贡献；
B. keep 保持；C. adapt 适应；D. lead 带领。根据上文 species that once called them “home” are
forced to change 可知物种被迫发生改变了，而某些物种无法适应，只能死去。故选 C。
34. A 考查短语辨析。句意：当森林死亡时，在同一地区重新建立的年轻森林由于植被不良，
而变得更弱更小。A. due to 因为；B. in addition to 另外；C. instead of 而不是；D. in spite of
尽管。根据后文 poor vegetation 可知此处指年轻森林由于（due to）植被不良，而变得更弱
更小。故选 A。
35. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着树木不断地死亡，子孙后代会错过森林的奇迹吗？A.
pass 通过；B. miss 错过；C. break 打破；D. bring 带来。结合后文 out on the wonders of forests
可知此处指错过森林的奇迹。短语 miss out“错过”。故选 B。
四、语法填空：（共 10 小题；每题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The discovery of the first Dead Sea Scrolls( 《 死 海 古 卷 》 ), considered to be the most
significant archaeological event of the twentieth century, occurred in 1947 in Qumran, bordering
on the Dead Sea. _____36_____ (search) for a goat that had got lost, a man _____37_____ (name)
Muhammed walked along the sea cliffs and _____38_____ (accident) came across clay jar
containing ancient scrolls(卷轴). Then they were sold to Professor Eliezer Sukennik. He was sure
that the scrolls were genuine, which was the first time that a biblical( 《 圣 经 》 的 ) scholar
_____39_____(examine) the scrolls.
Ten years later, eleven more caves around the Dead Sea _____40_____ (find) to contain tens
of thousands of scroll fragments(碎片), among _____41_____ are the oldest known versions of
the Hebrew Scriptures. Some scrolls were carefully placed, while others appeared to be thrown in
_____42_____ hurry. What is remarkable about the ancient scrolls is their age. _____43_____
(date) from the 3rd century BC to AD 68, the scrolls are mostly written in Hebrew and include the
oldest biblical texts ever found, consisting _____44_____ passages from every book of the
Hebrew Bible, with the _____45_____ (except) of the Book of Esther.
【语篇解读】短文主要讲述了《死海古卷》的偶然发现极其考古学的重大意义。
36. To search 考查非谓语动词。____36____ (search) for goat that had got lost 是 Muhammed
walked along the sea cliffs 的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语, 故填 To search 注意首字母
要大写。
37. named 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, ____37____ (name) Muhammed 作后置定语，
修饰 a man，name 逻辑主语 a man 之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词, 故填 named。
38. accidentally 考查词性转换。修饰动词短语 came across 应用副词, 故填 accidentally。
39. had examined 考查时态。此处是“It is/ was the first time + that 从句”句型, 强调第一次做的
事对现在的影响, 应用完成时态; 根据空前的 was 可知, 从句应用过去完成时, 故填 had
examined。
40. were found 考查时态和被动语态。动词 find 和主语 eleven more caves 之间是被动关系，
应用被动语态;根据空前的时间状语 Ten years later 及上文中的 in1947 可知，“被发现”是过去
发生的事情, 应用一般过去时, 故填 were found。
41. which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, among ____41____ are the oldest known versions
of the Hebrew Scriptures 是非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词 scroll fragments，关系词在从句中
作主语, 且前有介词 among, 故填 which。
42. a 考查冠词。in a hurry 是固定短语, 意为“仓促，匆忙”，故填 a。
43. Dating 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，____43____ (date) from the 3rd century BC to
AD68 作 8i 状语, 动词 date 和逻辑主语 the scrolls 之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词, 故填
Dating 注意首字母要大写。
44. of 考查介词。consist of 是固定短语, 意为“由组成”，故填 of。
45. exception 考查词性转换。根据空后的 of 短语及空前的定冠词 the 可知, 此处应用名词, 故
填 exception。
第二部分 写作(共两节,满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的美国笔友 Chris 正在学习汉语。他得知你校在线
开设 了中国诗词课程，非常感兴趣并想参加学习，便写信给你，希望你介绍相关情况。请
根据 以下提示给他写一封回信。
内容包括：⑴你校使用钉钉（DingTalk）软件进行在线教学此课程；（2）使用钉钉（DingTalk）
的方法；（3）在线中国诗词课程的特色。
注意：（1）词数 80 左右；（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
I’m glad that you show great interest in Chinese culture.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Chris,
I’m glad that you show great interest in Chinese culture. I’m writing to tell you the course of
Chinese poetry online in detail.
An application called DingTalk acts as class temporarily, which is simple and convenient to
use. First, download this application and enter the class group. Next, click the button of “class
online” and find the live telecast to learn the class online.
The course of Chinese poetry online has its own advantages. Not only can we play it again
and again, but we can pause and go back at any time if we don’t understand what teachers say.
（Besides, the teacher could put more interesting examples without worrying about time of class
because we can speed up the class or skip the chapter we don’t need.）I hope what I say can be
helpful for you.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给正在学习汉语的美国笔友 Chris 介绍学校开
设的在线中国诗词课程的相关情况。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.你校使用钉钉（DingTalk）软件进行在线教学此课程；
2. 使用钉钉（DingTalk）的方法；
3. 在线中国诗词课程的特色。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be glad that; show great interest in; as we know; acts as; not only…but also; besides; speed up; be
helpful for; looking forward to
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m glad that you show great interest in Chinese culture.
2. As we know, we are living in a high-tech era, an application called DingTalk acts as class
temporarily.
3. Not only can we play it again and again, but also we can pause and go back at any time if you
don’t understand what teachers say.
（4. Besides, the teacher could put more interesting examples without worrying about time of
class because we can speed up the class or skip the chapter we don’t need.）
5. I hope what I say can be helpful for you.
6. Looking forward to your reply.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First, Next
2.表并列补充关系：Besides, Not only…but (also)
3. 表 转 折 对 比 关 系 ： However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause( 从 句 ), In spite
of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
（供参考）
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result （供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】
[高分句型 1]
An application called DingTalk acts as class temporarily, which is simple and convenient to
use.(运用了非限制性定语从句，同时使用了不定式的主动表被动，作状语。)
[高分句型 2]
Not only we you play it again and again, but also we can pause and go back at any time if you
don’t understand what teachers say.（运用了 Not only…but also 结构的倒装以及 if 引导的条件
状语从句）
（[高分句型 3]
Besides, the teacher could put more interesting examples without worrying about time of class
because we can speed up the class or skip the chapter we don’t need. （运用了 because 引导的原
因状语从句和定语从句））
第二节 (满分 25 分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成- -篇完整的短文。续
写的词数应为 150 左右。
One day, when I was a freshman in high school, I saw a kid from my class walking home
from school. His name was Kyle. It looked like he was carrying all of his books. I thought to
myself: Why would anyone bring home all his books on Friday? He must really be nerd(书呆子)”
As I was walking, I saw a bunch of kids running toward him. They ran at him, knocking all
his books out of his arms and tripping him so he landed in the dirt. His glasses went flying, and I
saw them land in the grass about ten feet from him. He looked up and I saw this terrible sadness in
his eyes. So, I jogged over to him and as he crawled around looking for his glasses, I saw a tear in
his eye. As I handed him his glasses, he said, "thanks!" There was a big smile on his face. It was
one of those smiles that showed real gratitude. We talked all the way home, and I carried his books.
He turned out to be a pretty cool kid. The more I got to know Kyle, the more I liked him.
Over next four years, Kyle and I became the best friends. When we were seniors, he had the
highest marks in the class and was chosen to give a speech at the graduation ceremony. I teased
him all the time about being a nerd. He had to prepare a lot, and I was so glad it wasn't me having
to get up there and speak.
Graduation day, I saw Kyle. said. "Hey big guy, you'll be great!" He looked at me with one of
those looks, the really grateful one, and said "Thanks," smiling.
As he started his speech, he cleared his throat and began. “Graduation is a time to thank those
who helped you make it through those tough years. Your parents, your teachers, your siblings,
maybe a coach...but mostly your friends. I am here to tell all of you that being a friend to someone
is the best gift you can give him or her. I am going to tell you a story.
注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
I just looked at my friend with disbelief as he told the story of the first day we met.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I smiled back in tears._________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I just looked at my friend with disbelief as he told the story of the first day we met. Kyle had
planned to kill himself over the weekend. He talked of how he had cleaned out his locker so his
Mom wouldn’t have to do it later and was carrying his stuff home. Meanwhile, I found he looked
hard at me and gave me a little smile. "Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me from doing
the unspeakable." I heard the gasp go through the crowd as this handsome, popular boy told us all
about his weakest moment. When his eyes caught mine, I was able to see fears shimmered in his
smiling eyes.
I smiled back in tears. Not until that moment did I realize what a big difference one small
gesture had made to him. I even saw his Mom and Dad looking at me and smiling that same
grateful smile. It dawned on me that never should we underestimate the power of our actions. With
one small gesture we can change a person's life. For better or for worse.
【分析】本文是一篇读后续写。要求考生就所给故事续写 150 字的文章，使之成为一个完整
的故事。
【详解】前文主要讲作者上高中时，有一天看到了同班的凯尔带着所有的书回家。一群孩子
将凯尔撞倒在地。作者跑过去，帮助凯尔把书和眼镜捡了起来。后来两个人成了好朋友。毕
业典礼的时候，凯尔被选去做毕业典礼演讲。他在演讲时，要给大家讲一个故事。那么，下
文中，首先要接着叙述凯尔讲的故事。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他正在讲述我们第一天见面的故事时，我只是不相信地看着我的朋友”
他讲述的故事应该出乎我的意料，根据所给关键词 sadness，smile，grateful 可以推知，这
个故事肯定和凯尔当时的情绪有关系，也与我有关。
②由第二段首句内容“我含着泪回以微笑”可知，第二段可描写故事由悲转喜并且这件事让
Karl 对作者心存感激，对他的高中生活有很大的影响。最后，作者应该叙述自己听到凯尔讲
的故事之后的感受。还要注意第一段的结尾应该有看向作者的细节动作。
2. 续写线索：计划自杀或者弃学——清理书本——遇到作者——开始友情——挽救生命
——感恩对视——善意的力量。
3.词汇激活
行为类: 计划自杀：plan to kill oneself; 清理干净 clean out; 扛回家 carry sth. home;
从…拯救某人 save sb. from …; 产生巨大影响：make a big difference
情绪类: 闪烁 shimmer 最弱的 weakest 感谢的 grateful/thankful
【点睛】
[高分句型 1]
It was not until that moment that realized how much a small gesture had affected him. 直到
那一刻，我才意识到一个小小的举动对他的影响有多大。本句使用了强调句型。
[高分句型 2]
This handsome, popular boy told us all about his weakest moment，which made the crowd
amazing. 这位英俊、受欢迎的男孩向我们讲述了他最脆弱的时刻，这让观众们惊叹不已。
本句使用了 which 引导的非限定性定语从句。
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