专题 04 形容词与副词
Step 1 篇章品读
语法填空
【2019·全国三】
On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would
take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by
their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their
experiences and ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat
papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting
___66___(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ___67___
(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long
stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，
___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【答案】61. so 62. to get 63. of 64. who 65. recommended 66. competition
67. traditional 68. hugely 69. were 70. listening
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后收到的礼遇，主人热情招待
他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。
【61 题详解】
考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。
“so…that…”意为“如此…以至于…”，引导结果状语从句。故填 so。
【62 题详解】
考查不定式。句中的 would 提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering 后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非
谓语动词，故填 to get。
【63 题详解】
考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填 of。
【64 题详解】
积出来的素养 读出来的高分
考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词
为 masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填 who。
【65 题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观
的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填 recommeded。
【66 题详解】
考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词 an 与空格后的不定式 to watch 可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填
competition。
【67 题详解】
考查形容词。空格修饰名词 stories，应用形容词形式，tradition 的形容词为 traditional，故填 traditional。
【68 题详解】
考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词 popular，应用副词形式，huge 的副词为 hugely，故填 hugely。
【69 题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句
意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为 we，故填 were invited。
【70 题详解】
考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以 70 题空格处动词 listen 应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个
动作是由 we 发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由 and 前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and 后
meeting interesting locals 为分词形式，故空格处填 listening。
Step2 真题*模拟*单句练
1. (2019﹒江苏﹒T28)Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________(flexibility) options to
exercise.
2. (2019﹒新课标 III 卷﹒T61)On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help
wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
3. (2019﹒新课标 II 卷﹒T63)Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer
nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
4. (2019﹒新课标 I 卷﹒T68)Scientists have responded by noting (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚
集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually
are.
5. (2019﹒新课标 I 卷﹒T62)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has
been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears
worldwide.
6. (2017﹒江苏﹒T29)Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death ,smart –phones defeated _______( convention) PCs
in sales.
7. (2016 ﹒ 浙 江 ﹒ T13) A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience , ______(especial) if you are
travelling at high speed.
8. (2015﹒浙江﹒T13) Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that
every bite put into our mouths was ( former) alive.
9. (2015﹒四川﹒T9)Little Tom sat (amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
10. (2015﹒四川﹒T7)Andy is content with the toy. It is the (good) he has ever got.
11. (2015﹒安徽﹒T26)I’m so ______（gratitude） to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end
happily.
12. (2015﹒ 安 徽 ﹒ T31)They gave money to the old people's home either ______ (personal) or through their
companies.
13. (2015﹒湖北﹒T29)The girl used to be shy, but is ____ (gradual)getting active in group work and is more
willing to express herself.
14．(2014·大纲全国卷)Raymond's parents wanted him to have ________ (good) possible education.
15. (2014·福建卷)With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as an ________ (efficiency) way
of reaching target customers.
16. (2014·安徽卷)My good performance in the job interview left me ________ (optimism) about my future
and about what I can do here.
17. (2014·湖北卷)What was so ________ (impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first
in the marathon bare-footed.
18. (2014·湖北卷)Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ________ (tolerate)
smile and let him go.
19. (2014·浙江卷)The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others
________ (blind)．
20. (2014·大纲全国卷)Henry was away from home for quite a bit and ________ saw his family.
21. (2014·安徽卷)It's our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, ________， supply
more jobs.
22. (2014·湖北卷)Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said ________ (sharp), “Don't be so
mean，” pointing a finger of warning at her.
23. (2013·课标全国卷Ⅱ)It may not be a great suggestion. But before a ________(good) one is put forward,
we'll make do with it.
24. (2013·天津卷)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are ________(meaningful)
things to do.
25. (2013·辽宁卷)This is by far ________(inspiring) movie that I have ever seen.
26. (2013·安徽卷)It's said that the power plant is now twice________ large as what it was.
27. (2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ)Tony can hardly boil an egg, still ________(little) cook dinner.
28. (2013·福建卷)Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could
buy ________(afford) priced bikes.
29．(2013·浙江卷)If we leave right away, ________(hope) we'll arrive on time.
30．(2013·辽宁卷)Everything seemed to be going ________(smooth) for the first two days after I moved to
New York.
31．(2013·福建卷)A society cannot be successful if it throws tradition away, but it cannot be successful
________ if we do something to stop progress.
32．(2013·江西卷)What a terrible experience! ________， you're safe now—that's the main thing.
33 ． (2012· 全 国 卷 Ⅰ)The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much the
________(good)．
34．(2012·全国卷Ⅰ)This restaurant wasn't half as good ________ that other restaurant we went to.
35．(2012·山东卷)Be________(reason)—you can't expect me to finish all his work in so little time.
36．(2012·北京卷)Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs ________.
37．(2012·天津卷)The secretary arranged a________(convenience) time and place for the applicants to have
an interview.
38．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)Next to biology, I like physics ________(good)．
39．(2012·安徽卷)Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ is often thought to be the richest woman in the world. ________， her
personal wealth seems rather small.
40．(2014·福建卷)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ________(equal) respected.
41．(2012·四川卷)I make $2,000 a week. 60 surely won't make ________ big a difference to me.
42．(2011·全国卷Ⅱ)Mr. Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a ________(good) boss.
43．(2011·四川卷)—How was your recent trip to Sichuan?
—I've never had a ________ (pleasure) one before.
答案与解析
1.【答案】flexible
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有 app 软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。flexible
灵活的.
2. 【答案】so
【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到
达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填 so。
3. 【答案】finally
【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词 have been
acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填 finally。
4. 【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后 than they actually are 可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填 higher。
5. 【答案】poorly
【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词 poorly 修饰谓语动词 has been studied，意
为“研究很少”。故填 poorly。
6. 【答案】conventional
7. 【答案】especially
【解析】试题分析：句意：突然停止可能是一个可怕的经历，尤其是如果你以高速运行的时候。
8. 【答案】 formerly
【解析】试题分析:句意:就算我们很少了解食物来自于哪里，我们大多数人都明白，放在我们的口里的每一
点食物在之前都是活着的。formerly 意为先前地
9. 【答案】amazed
【解析】试题分析：本句考查形容词作状语。本句考查形容词作伴随状语，意为：小 Tom 坐在那儿看着小
猴子在他面前跳舞，很吃惊。amazed 意为：感到吃惊的，常修饰人。
10. 【答案】 best
【解析】试题分析：考查最高级和比较级。根据上一句话可知，Andy 对这个玩具很满意。意为：这是他曾
得到的最好的玩具。
11. 【答案】 grateful
【解析】试题分析：句意：我非常感激所有的志愿者，因为他们帮我把糟糕的一天变成了愉快的一天。根
据句意可知，这里是在向志愿者表达感激之情。
【考点定位】考查形容词辨析
12. 【答案】 personally
【解析】试题分析：句意：他们给那位老人的家里送钱，有的是一个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。
personally: 亲自，当面地，个人而言
13. 【答案】 gradually
【解析】试题分析:意:那个女孩过去很害羞，但现在团队合作越来越积极, (比以前)更愿意表达自己的想法。
gradually “逐渐地”.
14. the best 句意：Raymond 的父母想让他尽可能接受最好的教育。根据题干中的 possible 可推知设空处
需用形容词的最高级，故答案为 the best。
15. efficient 句意：随着网购越来越受欢迎，网络被看作是为目标顾客所熟悉的有效途径。冠词与名词之
间应为形容词形式。
16. optimistic 句意：我在求职面试中的优异表现让我对我的未来和在这里可以做的工作感到乐观。
(be)optimistic about 为固定短语，在本句中用形容词 optimistic 作宾语补足语。
17. impressive 句意：Jasmine Westland 的胜利之所以给人留下如此深刻的印象是因为她光着脚在马拉松比
赛中获得了第一名。be 动词后需用形容词作表语，impress 的形容词形式为 impressive。
18. tolerant 句意：她没有责备打破花瓶的孩子，而是宽容地对他笑了笑，然后让他走了。修饰名词 smile 需
用形容词形式，故答案为 tolerant。
19. blindly 句意：教育的目的是教会年轻人独立思考，而不是盲目地模仿他人。此处需用副词形式修饰
follow。blindly 意为：盲目地。
20. seldom/rarely 句意：亨利离家很远，所以很少见到他的家人。根据语境可知，由于离家很远，所以很
少见到他的家人。
21. therefore 句意：我们希望我们能在市场上发挥更大的作用，这样就能提供更多的工作岗位。根据句意
可知前后是逻辑上的因果关系，故答案为 therefore。
22. sharply 句意：Sabrina 的话音刚落，Albert 就用手指指着她恶狠狠地警告她说：“不要这么卑鄙。”
本处需用副词形式作 said 的状语。
23. better 句意：这个建议可能不是很好。但是在较好的建议被提出之前，我们会先凑合用它。“a＋比较级”
表示“一个更……的”，题干中暗含着比较的含义，需使用比较级。
24. more meaningful 句意：我觉得每天晚上看电视是浪费时间——有更有意义的事可做。根据题干可看出，
和看电视相比，有更有意义的事情可做，所以此处应用比较级。
25. the most inspiring 句意：这显然是我看过的最激励人的电影。形容词的最高级句式：“This is＋最高级
＋that I have ever done”。by far “……得多，大大地”，与形容词、副词的比较级或最高级连用。
26. as 句意：据说这个发电厂现在是过去的两倍大。倍数表达法有三种：①倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级
＋as；②倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than；③倍数＋the＋名词＋of。
27. less 句意：Tony 几乎不会煮蛋，更不用说做饭了。still less 为固定搭配，常与否定句连用，意为：更
不用说，更何况。
28. affordably 句意：那些穷困潦倒的青少年在拐角找到一家商店很兴奋，在那里他们能买到付得起钱的自
行车。设空处需用副词修饰 priced, afford 的副词形式为 affordably 付得起地。
29. hopefully 句意：如果立刻出发，我们有望按时到达。逗号前为从句，逗号后为主句，主句中主谓语齐
全，由此可见，设空处应为副词作状语，hopefully 有希望地。
30. smoothly 句意：在我搬到纽约后的开始两天一切看起来都很顺利。设空处需用副词作状语，故答案为
smoothly。
31. either 句意：如果一个社会丢弃了传统，它不会成功，但是如果我们做事情阻止了进步它也不能成功。
either 用于否定句句末，表示“也”。
32. Anyway/Anyhow 句意：一次多么可怕的经历啊！无论如何，你现在安全了——那才是主要的事情。
anyway/anyhow 意为“无论如何，不管怎么说”。
33. better 句意：结果对我们来说并不是非常重要，但是如果我们确实赢了的话，那就更好了。“the＋比较
级”结构表示“两者中较……的”，根据题意可知，(在赢与不赢之中)赢了比赛，结果更好。
34. as 句意：这个餐馆不及我们去的另一家餐馆一半好。根据设空处前的 as 可知设空处用 as。
35. reasonable 句意：讲点道理吧——你不能指望我在如此短的时间内完成所有的工作。Be 后需用形容词
作表语，故答案为 reasonable 有道理的。
36. more 句意：许多人捐了那种血型的血，但是血库需要更多的血。由句意可知，是需要更多的血，表示
对比的含义，应用 more。
37. convenient 句意：秘书为求职者安排了一个方便的时间和地点进行面试。convenient 形容词，意为：
方便的；便利的。
38. best 句意：我最喜欢的是生物，其次是物理。next to 仅次于，紧接。又如：Next to soccer, I like playing
tennis best. 我最喜欢足球，其次是网球。
39. However/Nevertheless/Still 句意：我们经常认为伊丽莎白女王二世是世界上最富有的女人，可是她的个
人财富似乎很少。设空处前为句点，由此可判断设空处需为副词；前后两句为转折关系，故答案为：
However/Nevertheless/Still。
40. equally 句意：任何人，无论是官员还是公交车司机，都应被同等尊重。根据句子结构可判断设空处需
用副词形式，equal 的副词形式为 equally。
41. so/that 句意：我一星期赚 2,000 美元，60 美元真的不会给我造成多么大的影响。“that/so＋adj.＋a/an＋
可数名词单数形式”相当于“such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数形式”。
42. better 句意：为史帝文森先生工作感觉非常好——我真的再也找不到比他更好的老板了。从句中的
couldn't 可以得知，此处是对 not...better... 的考查。英语中“否定词＋形容词比较级”相当于形容词的最高级。
43. more pleasant/more pleasing 句意：——你最近去四川的旅行怎么样？——这是让我最为愉快的旅行了。
否定词 never 与比较级构成最高级的含义。令人愉快的为 pleasant 或 pleasing，其比较级形式需在前面加
more。
Step 3 模拟精粹
语法填空
(1)
(2020·青岛三模)At 8,844.43 meters high, Mount Qomolangma is the __1__ (tall) mountain on Earth. While
__2__ is famous for its challenging hike, parts of the mountain are facing a problem: garbage. Every year,
thousands of __3__ (visit) throw away tons of trash, including soda cans and plastic bags.
According to the UN, over 140 tons of trash have been left on the mountain. To reduce trash, China is limiting
the number of people __4__ can climb the mountain’s north side. Only 300 people will __5__ (allow) to climb it
each year, and only during spring.
Local residents cleaned the mountain last year, __6__ (remove) trash at a height of 5,200 meters. They __7__
(collect) about 8.4 metric tons of trash, according to figures from the Tibet autonomous region’s government.
This year, the local government plans to spend 4 million yuan __8__ a new cleanup campaign, setting up
stations to sort, recycle and break down garbage collected from the mountain.
In addition to trash, workers will also collect the bodies of __9__ (die) climbers. As of the 2019 climbing
season, more than 300 people have died on Qomolangma, with 12 deaths this year.
A group of artists will try to turn some trash into artwork. They will show these works __10__ (local), to
remind people not to leave trash when climbing the mountain.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了珠穆朗玛峰部分山区正面临着垃圾问题，每年成千上万的游客
扔掉大量的垃圾。为了减少垃圾，中国限制爬山的人数和时间，政府斥资修建垃圾分类站，一群艺术家也
将试图把垃圾变成艺术品，以提醒人们不要在爬山时留下垃圾。
1．tallest 考查形容词最高级。根据常识和空前 the 可知，珠穆朗玛峰是地球上最高的山。因此空格处
要用最高级。故填 tallest。
2．it 考查代词。根据上下文的语境可知，此处是指前面提到的珠穆朗玛峰，因为前面已提到的，且
是单数，故填 it。
3．visitors 考查名词。根据空格前的“thousands of”可知，要用名词的复数，表示成千上万的游客，故
填 visitors。
4．who/that 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，people 是先行词，在定语从句中作
主语。故填 who/that。
5．be allowed 考查语态。分析句子可知，空格处是谓语动词。其主语是 300 people，与动词 allow 之
间是被动关系，故要用被动语态，故填 be allowed。
6．removing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，前面的“Local residents cleaned the mountain last year (当
地居民去年清理了这座山)”的结果就是清除(removing)了 5 200 米高的垃圾。前面的一句话导致后面的结果，
空格处要用现在分词形式作结果状语，故填 removing。
7．collected 考查时态。根据上文中的时间状语“last year (去年)”可知，动作发生在过去，所以谓语动
词要用一般过去时，故填 collected。
8．on 考查固定搭配。“spend time/money on sth.”为固定搭配，意为“把时间/金钱花在某事上”。故本空
填 on。
9．dead 考查形容词。分析句子可知，空格处在句中修饰名词“climbers”，修饰名词一般用形容词，故
填形容词 dead。
10．locally 考查副词。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作状语，修饰动词 show，修饰动词要用副词，
故填 locally。
(2)
(2020·枣庄二调)Holi is the ancient Hindu festival of colours and love. It __1__ (celebrate) in India and Nepal
and many parts of South Asia. There are also lots of Holi celebrations in the UK, organized __2__ the large
BritishHindu community.
Holi marks the beginning of spring.The dates change each year according to the full moon, but it is __3__
(normal) in March and sometimes in late February. Its celebrations happened as early as the __4__ (five) century. It
is a celebration of good winning over evil, and a time to give thanks for the good harvest.
In recent years, holithemed events have become popular with a new generation in Europe and North America.
Every year, large __5__ (crowd) of people go to Holi events in London and all over the country. There are
paintthrowing parties at music festivals and races like the fivekilometre “Colour Run”，__6__ is celebrated in more
than 35 different countries. It does not matter __7__ you are rich, poor, old or young, everyone can throw coloured
paint powder at each other. They arrive dressed in white Tshirts and return __8__ (cover) from head to toe in bright
colours. In the UK, restaurants and cultural organisations also offer their own Holi celebrations, with special menus,
Indian music and dance.
There is a spirit of togetherness and __9__ (equal) in Holi. It is a time __10__ (forgive) people and repair
broken relationships, as well as meet with other people, play and have fun.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了印度胡里节的庆祝时间、精神以及庆祝活动等。
1．is celebrated 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。陈述的是客观事实，且主语 It 为单数，与 celebrate 之
间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is celebrated。
2．by 考查介词。根据“organized”及语境可知，此处用了被动语态，community 是 organize 这一动作
的主体，故填 by。
3．normally 考查副词。修饰介词短语“in March”用副词，故填 normally。
4．fifth 考查序数词。句意：它的庆祝活动早在五世纪就开始了。根据句意可知，此处表示“第五”，
故填 fifth。
5．crowds 考查固定短语。crowds of 是固定短语，表示“成群的”，故填 crowds。
6．which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词 the fivekilometre “Colour
Run”，并在从句中作主语，故填 which。
7．whether 考查名词性从句。句意：不管你是富人、穷人、老人还是年轻人，每个人都可以互相泼颜
料粉。分析句子结构可知，本句中 it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，根据句意可知此处表示“是否”，
故填 whether。
8．covered 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处使用非谓语动词，They 与 cover 之间是逻辑上
的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作状语，故填 covered。
9．equality 考查名词。此处与 togetherness 并列作介词 of 的宾语，表示“平等”，故填 equality。
10．to forgive 考查非谓语动词。time 后用不定式作后置定语，表示“……的时刻”，故填 to forgive。
短文改错
(1)
As an adolescent boy, I am told not to pay many attention to my physically appearance by my parents. She
always think that characterbuilding matter more. However, many of my friends have got in shape and built
themselves up by go to the gym regularly. Influenced by them, I come to found myself increasingly concerned
about my body image, which makes me confused. On the one hand, I agree with my parents what I should develop
my inner strength and just to keep healthy. On the other hands, I’m afraid to be teased by my friends because my
body shape.
答案：第一句：many→much; physically→physical
第二句：She→They; matter→matters
第三句：go→going
第四句：found→find
第五句：what→that; 去掉 to
第六句：hands→hand; because 后加 of
(2)
Last week, all of us were told prepare for an exhibition of our understanding of traditional Chinese culture.
After knowing that, we had a heat discussion at the class meeting. Very soon, ideas like Peking Opera, Han
Clothing, and Chinese Kung fu come to our minds. With the ideas gathering, we started to take the action. Some
searched on the Internet for more details, when others set about draw pictures on the blackboard. Thanks to my
hard work, our design finally won the head teacher’s approval. We were not only proud about our teamwork but
also deep impressed by the great traditional Chinese culture.
答案：第一句：prepare 前加 to
第二句：heat→heated
第三句：come→came
第四句：gathering→gathered; 去掉第二个 the
第五句：when→while; draw→drawing
第六句：my→our
第七句：about→of; deep→deeply
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