专题 01 冠词
Step 1 篇章品读
语法填空
【2020·全国二】
Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a ___61___ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___62___ (carry) special significance. They represent the
earth ___63___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more ___64___ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They
make great gifs and you see them many times ___65___ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good
fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office.
___66___ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated ___67___ health,
abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___68___ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ___69___ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds
(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are ____70____ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融
化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
【答案】61. celebration 62. carries 63. coming 64. than 65. decorated 66. Certainly
67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70. the
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。
【61 题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词 a 后接名词形式。故填 celebration。
【62 题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，
从句主语为动名词短语 decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填 carries。
【63 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为 represent，所以这
里为非谓语动词。名词 earth 与 come back to 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填 coming。
积出来的素养 读出来的高分
【64 题详解】
考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than 不仅仅，不只是。故填 than。
【65 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中 them 指代
前句中的 orange trees，与 decorate 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 decorated。
【66 题详解】
考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成
副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填 Certainly。
【67 题详解】
考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with 与……相联系。故填
with。
【68 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故
填 to care。
【69 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词 branches，用形容词形
式。故填 beautiful。
【70 题详解】
考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词 first 前要加定冠词 the。
故填 the。
Step2 真题*模拟*单句练
1. (2019﹒浙江﹒T57)Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.
2. (2019﹒新课标 I 卷﹒T69)Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining,
six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
3. After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove， I waited patiently until the oil was hot. Then I put
the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.
4. (2016﹒浙江﹒T2)______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.
5. (2015﹒陕西﹒T27) more learned a man is, more modest be usually become.
6. (2015﹒四川﹒T5).Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.
7. (2015﹒浙江﹒T2) Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write children’s book for many years, but one
thing or another always got in way.
8. (2015﹒重庆﹒T3) I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by____ gunman wearing a mask.
9．(2014·天津卷)Life is like ________ ocean：only the strong-willed can reach the other shore.
10．(2014·重庆卷)I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilson's because we don't have ________ Wilson here
in the village.
11．(2014·浙江卷)The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ________ week, often long into
________ night.
12．(2014·陕西卷)________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.
13．(2014·江西卷)They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team because they knew he was ________
smart leader.
14．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)India attained independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle.
15．(2013·重庆卷)The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on
his knee.
16．(2013·山东卷)It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________
night sky.
17．(2013·浙江卷)People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age
and these preferences affect learning.
18.It is reported that ________ recently discovered painting may be ________ Van Gogh.
19. If you want to improve your working efficiency, it will be ________ must for you to make ________ most
of your time.
20. —Well, that is one of ________ most expensive hotels in town, I'm afraid.
—Do you mean we'd better choose ________ cheaper one?
21. All of life is ________ act of letting go, but what hurts the most is not taking ________ moment to say
goodbye.
22. Once you click __________ button, ________ email will be sent to you via your email address.
23. In the rice-growing world, ________ Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is ________ leading figure.
24. It is ________ common mistake for students to present something as a proven fact when it is actually
________ opinion.
25.Hong Kong has a lot of advantages, including free flow of information, ________ fair competitive
environment and ________ efficient government.
26. Some experts say ________ birthrate, after the one-child policy is relaxed, can see ______ modest increase
in future.
27. Anti-Japanese War Victory Day is set to remind us of ________ need to remember history, cherish peace
and create ________ better future.
28. Jack thought that he had ______ gift for telling directions, so he didn't take ________ compass with him
on his weekend hike.
29. ________ Mr. Li is now waiting for you on ________ first floor.
30.—Could you tell me the way to ________ Johnson's, please?
—Sorry, we don't have ________ Johnson here in the village.
31. The Spring Festival is ________ special holiday for most Chinese when ________ whole family will get
together.
32. My grandparents like to live in the countryside where they can enjoy ________ leisurely walk on the
country road and feel ________ warmth of the sun on their faces.
33. It is reported that ________ recently discovered painting may be ________ Van Gogh.
34. If you want to improve your working efficiency, it will be ________ must for you to make ________ most
of your time.
35. —Well, that is one of ________ most expensive hotels in town, I'm afraid.
—Do you mean we'd better choose ________ cheaper one?
36. All of life is ________ act of letting go, but what hurts the most is not taking ________ moment to say
goodbye.
37. Once you click __________ button, ________ email will be sent to you via your email address.
38. In the rice-growing world, ________ Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is ________ leading figure.
39. It is ________ common mistake for students to present something as a proven fact when it is actually
________ opinion.
40. Hong Kong has a lot of advantages, including free flow of information, ________ fair competitive
environment and ________ efficient government.
41. Some experts say ________ birthrate, after the one-child policy is relaxed, can see ______ modest
increase in future.
42. Anti-Japanese War Victory Day is set to remind us of ________ need to remember history, cherish peace
and create ________ better future.
43. Jack thought that he had ______ gift for telling directions, so he didn't take ________ compass with him
on his weekend hike.
44. ________ Mr. Li is now waiting for you on ________ first floor.
45. —Could you tell me the way to ________ Johnson's, please?
46. —Sorry, we don't have ________ Johnson here in the village.
47. The Spring Festival is ________ special holiday for most Chinese when ________ whole family will get
together.
48. My grandparents like to live in the countryside where they can enjoy ________ leisurely walk on the
country road and feel ________ warmth of the sun on their faces.
答案与解析
1.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same 是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与 the 连用修
饰名词。故填 the。
2.【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的 19 个北极熊亚种群中”，故填 the。
3.在 pan 前加 the
考查冠词。句意：然后我把西红柿和打好的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅。此处特指上文提到的 pan，
4.【答案】The ; a
【解析】试题分析： 句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。第一空填 the，是特指“获
胜者的奖品”，用定冠词，第二空是泛指“一个两周的假期”，用不定冠词 a。
5.【答案】The ; the
【解析】句意：一个人越有学识，他就越可能谦虚，使用 the＋比较级＋主谓的句型。
6.【答案】a
【解析】试题分析：考查冠词。本题考查不定冠词在人名前，表示：一个像…那样的人。故选择 A，句意
为：Brian 在创作音乐上极有才华，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人才。
7.【答案】a;the
【解析】试题分析：句意：多年来，简的奶奶想写一本有关于儿童的书，但总是被这样或那样的原因阻碍
了。第一个空使用不定冠词表泛指，第二个 in the way 是固定搭配，意为挡道或阻碍。定冠词用于特指或者
是固定搭配，不定冠词用于泛指。选 D。
8.【答案】 the; a
【解析】句意为我刚刚听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个戴面具的持枪人给抢劫。第一个空表示朵拉工作的
那家银行，可表示特指，用 the；第二空表示一个戴面具的持枪人表示泛指，用 a。
9. an 句意：生活就像一片海洋，只有那些意志坚强的人才能到达彼岸。ocean 为可数名词，在本句中表
示泛指，故用不定冠词，ocean 以元音音素开头，故答案为 an。
10. the; a 句意：我不能告诉你去威尔逊家的路，因为我们村里没有姓威尔逊的。第一个空表示特指，故
用 the; 第二个空表示泛指，表示“一个”，故用不定冠词 a。
11. a; the 句意：论文下个月要上交了。我现在每周工作七天，经常工作到深夜。第一空填 a 相当于 one；
第二空是固定搭配 long into the night。
12. The; a 句意：我出生的那个村庄已经变成一个城镇了。由 village 后的定语从句 where I was born 可知
这里特指“我”出生的村庄，故第一个设空处用定冠词 the。而第二个设空处泛指一个城镇，故用不定冠词 a。
13. the; a 句意：他们选择汤姆为这个队的队长，因为他们知道他是一个聪明的领导。第一空后的名词
captain 是特指，特指这个队的队长，故与 the 连用；第二空后的名词 leader 表示泛指，故与 a 连用。
14. a 句意：印度经过长期斗争后，在 1947 年获得了独立。struggle 为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指，故
空格处填 a。
15. the; an 句意：这对父母被他们的儿子需要做膝部手术的消息震惊了。第一空后 news 后有同位语从句
解释说明 news 的内容，表特指，故使用定冠词 the；第二空表示在膝部做的一个手术，表泛指，故用不定
冠词 an。
16. a; the 句意：那是一个寒冷冬天的夜晚，月亮在夜空明亮地闪耀着。第一个空用不定冠词表示泛指；
第二个空表示特指：the night sky 夜空。
17. a；an 句意：人们在小的时候就会形成一种对特定的学习风格的喜好，这些喜好影响(一个人的)学习。
第一空需要填上 a 表示“一种喜好/偏爱”，而第二空是习惯用法，at an early age “在小时候”。
18. the; a 句意：据报道，最近发现的画可能是凡·高的。第一空后面的 recently discovered 说明此处是特指，
应用 the; a/an＋作家或画家的姓氏单数表示其作品，此处 a Van Gogh 表示“一幅凡·高的画”，故第二空用 a。
19. a; the 第一空，此处表示“一件你必须要做的事”，因此 must 前加 a；第二空， make the most of 表示“充
分利用”，为固定搭配。
20. the; a 第一空，“one of________ most expensive hotels”表示“最贵的旅馆之一”，应用 the; 第二空，
“________ cheaper one”表示“一个较便宜的旅馆”，为泛指意义，应用 a。
21. an; a 句意：人生就是要放手，然而最令人痛心的是，我们来不及说一声再见。第一空，act 后有定语
修饰，表示“放手的行为”，此时 act 为可数名词且发音以元音音素开头，其前应加不定冠词 an；第二空，take
a moment to do sth. 表示“花点时间做某事”。
22. the; an 句意：一旦你点击这个按钮，一封电子邮件就会通过你的电子邮件地址发给你。第一空，可数
名词 button 在此处特指某一个按钮，因此用定冠词 the；第二空，a＋单数名词表泛指，此处泛指一封电子
邮件。
23. the; a 句意：在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平是一位领军人物。第一空，单数名词 scientist 后面
有特定人名做同位语，因此表示特指，应用 the；第二空，单数名词 figure 前加不定冠词泛指“一位人物”。
24. a; an 句意：对于学生来说常犯的一个错误就是把实际上是某种观点的东西当作已经被证实的事实。第
一空 mistake 是可数名词，表示“一个常犯的错误”，故用不定冠词；第二空表示“某种观点”，也用不定冠词。
25. a; an 句意：香港有很多优势，包括信息的自由流通，公平的竞争环境以及高效率的政府。第一空和第
二空后的名词性短语都是客观的描述，应该用不定冠词表示泛指。
26. the; a 第一空，“________ birthrate”特指出生率，应用 the; 第二空，名词 increase 前加 a 泛指一定数量
的增长。
27. the; a 第一空，名词 need 后有定语修饰，表示特指，因此使用 the; 第二空表示“一个更美好的未来”，
表泛指意义，因此使用 a。
28. a; a 句意：杰克认为他有辨别方向的天赋，所以在周末的徒步旅行中，他没有带指南针。have a gift for
意为“有……天赋”；compass 是可数名词单数，所以前面需加不定冠词 a。
29. A; the 句意：有位李先生正在一楼等你。姓李的先生很多，这里指其中一个，因此第一个空填 A；序
数词前用定冠词，故第二个空填 the。
30. the; a 句意：——能告诉我去约翰逊家怎么走吗？——对不起，我们这村里没有叫约翰逊的人。第一
个空填 the, 姓氏的前面加 the，特指一家人；第二空填 a，泛指任何一个姓约翰逊的人。
31. a; the 句意：春节对多数中国人来说是一个特殊的节日，这一天全家人会聚在一起。第一个空填 a，泛
指一个节日；第二个空填 the，表示全家人。
32. a；the 句意：我祖父母喜欢住在乡村，在那里他们可以在乡村路上悠闲地散步，感受温暖的阳光照耀
在脸上。第一个空填 a，泛指在乡村路上散步；第二个空填 the，特指阳光的温暖。
33. the; a 句意：据报道，最近发现的画可能是凡·高的。第一空后面的 recently discovered 说明此处是特指，
应用 the; a/an＋作家或画家的姓氏单数表示其作品，此处 a Van Gogh 表示“一幅凡·高的画”，故第二空用 a。
34. a; the 第一空，此处表示“一件你必须要做的事”，因此 must 前加 a；第二空， make the most of 表示“充
分利用”，为固定搭配。
35. the; a 第一空，“one of________ most expensive hotels”表示“最贵的旅馆之一”，应用 the; 第二空，
“________ cheaper one”表示“一个较便宜的旅馆”，为泛指意义，应用 a。
36. an; a 句意：人生就是要放手，然而最令人痛心的是，我们来不及说一声再见。第一空，act 后有定语
修饰，表示“放手的行为”，此时 act 为可数名词且发音以元音音素开头，其前应加不定冠词 an；第二空，take
a moment to do sth. 表示“花点时间做某事”。
37. the; an 句意：一旦你点击这个按钮，一封电子邮件就会通过你的电子邮件地址发给你。第一空，可数
名词 button 在此处特指某一个按钮，因此用定冠词 the；第二空，a＋单数名词表泛指，此处泛指一封电子
邮件。
38. the; a 句意：在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平是一位领军人物。第一空，单数名词 scientist 后面
有特定人名做同位语，因此表示特指，应用 the；第二空，单数名词 figure 前加不定冠词泛指“一位人物”。
39. a; an 句意：对于学生来说常犯的一个错误就是把实际上是某种观点的东西当作已经被证实的事实。第
一空 mistake 是可数名词，表示“一个常犯的错误”，故用不定冠词；第二空表示“某种观点”，也用不定冠词。
40. 8．a; an 句意：香港有很多优势，包括信息的自由流通，公平的竞争环境以及高效率的政府。第一空
和第二空后的名词性短语都是客观的描述，应该用不定冠词表示泛指。
41. the; a 第一空，“________ birthrate”特指出生率，应用 the; 第二空，名词 increase 前加 a 泛指一定数量
的增长。
42. the; a 第一空，名词 need 后有定语修饰，表示特指，因此使用 the; 第二空表示“一个更美好的未来”，
表泛指意义，因此使用 a。
43. a; a 句意：杰克认为他有辨别方向的天赋，所以在周末的徒步旅行中，他没有带指南针。have a gift for
意为“有……天赋”；compass 是可数名词单数，所以前面需加不定冠词 a。
44. A; the 句意：有位李先生正在一楼等你。姓李的先生很多，这里指其中一个，因此第一个空填 A；序
数词前用定冠词，故第二个空填 the。
45. the; a 句意：——能告诉我去约翰逊家怎么走吗？——对不起，我们这村里没有叫约翰逊的人。第一
个空填 the, 姓氏的前面加 the，特指一家人；第二空填 a，泛指任何一个姓约翰逊的人。
46. a; the 句意：春节对多数中国人来说是一个特殊的节日，这一天全家人会聚在一起。第一个空填 a，泛
指一个节日；第二个空填 the，表示全家人。
47. a；the 句意：我祖父母喜欢住在乡村，在那里他们可以在乡村路上悠闲地散步，感受温暖的阳光照耀
在脸上。第一个空填 a，泛指在乡村路上散步；第二个空填 the，特指阳光的温暖。
Step 3 模拟精粹
语法填空
（1）
(2020· 安 庆 三 模 )Have you ever wished your vacation could meet all your __1__ (expect)? Well, this is
possible when you choose __2__ (go) on a cruise (游轮)．Recently, cruises have become __3__ (popular) places
than traditional forms of traveling.__4__ is not necessary to make reservations at different hotels, find places to
dine, or arrange different transports in advance. Everything you can imagine is available whenever you want it on
such __5__ cruise trip.
Cruise ships are like miniature (小型的) cities on water. They are __6__ (full) loaded with restaurants serving
all kinds of dishes. The staterooms (特等客舱) can be compared to rooms __7__ (find) in fivestar hotels. The big
difference is __8__ you get to have a moving ocean view. What’s more, there are activities designed for people of
all ages and interests, and __9__ (vary) sports facilities like gyms and rock climbing walls as well as clubs and
shops are also accessible. Quality entertainments like Broadway shows and live music __10__ (provide), too.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了乘游轮旅行这一旅行方式比传统的旅游方式更受欢迎，并
说明了乘游轮旅行的优势。
1．expectations 考查名词。根据 your 为形容词性物主代词可知，应填名词 expectation，且 expectation
为可数名词，由 all 修饰应用复数形式，故填 expectations。
2．to go 考查非谓语动词。choose to do sth.“选择做某事”，故填 to go。
3．more popular 考查形容词比较级。根据 than traditional forms of traveling 可知，用形容词比较级，且
popular 为多音节词，故填 more popular。
4．It 考查代词。此处应用 it 做形式主语，真正主语为后面的不定式短语。it is not necessary to do sth.“做
某事是不必要的”，故填 It。
5．a 考查冠词。trip 为可数名词，此处泛指 “一次游轮之旅”应用不定冠词，且 cruise 为辅音音素开头
的单词，故填 a。
6．fully 考查副词。此处修饰动词 loaded 应用副词形式，故填 fully。
7．found 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，find 在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语 room 构成被
动关系，故用过去分词，故填 found。
8．that 考查名词性从句。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故填 that。
9．various/varied 考查形容词。此处修饰名词短语 sports facilities 应用形容词，表示各种体育设施，故
填 various/varied。
10．are provided 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且结合上
文可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为 entertainments，谓语动词用复数形式，故填 are provided。
(2)
(2020·张家口三模)The Han people have its own spoken and written language — Chinese. Chinese belongs to
the HanTibetan language family. It is the __1__ (common) used language in China and among the largest languages
in the world.
Written Chinese came out in __2__ (it) earliest form approximately 1,000 years ago. The Chinese characters
__3__ (use) today, also called Hanzi, are developed from those used in bones and tortoise shells more than 34,000
years ago. There are about 5,000 characters, of which only about 3,000 are in common use.
Mandarin is a category ( 种 类 ) of Chinese __4__ (dialect) spoken across most of northern and __5__
(southwest) China. The term Mandarin can also refer to Standard Mandarin, which __6__ (base) on the Mandarin
dialect spoken in Beijing. It is officially considered to be the standard for the People’s Republic of China.
Why do most nonChinese speakers choose to learn Standard Mandarin? Mandarin is understood by most
Chinese people. As mentioned above, it is China’s national language.__7__ you are interested in basic
communication, scholarly research, or __8__ (pursue) a career in China, Standard Mandarin, is __9__ necessary
tool for communication. And it often serves __10__ a bridge for communication.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国的汉字和普通话的起源以及特点等等。
1．most commonly 考查最高级。此处指最常用的语言，副词最高级修饰形容词 used，故填 most
commonly。
2．its 考查代词。表示它的最早的形式，应用形容词性物主代词 its 作定语，修饰 form，故填 its。
3．(being) used 考查非谓语动词。characters 与 use 之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词做后置定语，表示
正在被使用或者使用的汉字，故填(being) used。
4．dialects 考查名词复数。中国方言的类型不止一种，使用名词复数，故填 dialects。
5．southwestern 考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故填 southwestern。
6．is based 考查时态和语态。be based on “以……为基础”，which 指代先行词 Standard Mandarin，在
定语从句中作主语，故填 is based。
7．Whether 考查连词。whether ...or “是否……还是”，故填 whether。
8．pursuing 考查非谓语动词。放在介词 in 后面使用动名词，故填 pursuing。
9．a 考查冠词。表示泛指，一个必要的交流工具，故填 a。
10．as 考查固定搭配。serve as “充当，作为”，故填 as。
短文改错
(1)
The other day I saw a beautiful dress at a shop and fall in love with it. I tried it on and found it fit perfect so I
bought it! My favorite thing about the dress is that it has such many pockets that I don’t need take a bag any more. I
also get lots of attentions from my friends whenever I wear it, that makes me proud. What’s funny is that the style is
very similar with what people wore back in the 1990s.In the fact, I have found some old photographs of my mother
wear a similar dress. It’s really amazing that we’ve started to wear things that was popular about twenty years ago.
答案：第一句：fall→fell
第二句：perfect→perfectly
第三句：such→so; need 后加 to
第四句：attentions→attention; that→which
第五句：with→to
第六句：去掉 the; wear→wearing
第七句：was→were
(2)
Last week, I along with my classmates was asked to attend a lecture, the theme of what was environmental
protection. It was given by an university professor. The professor first had us to come up with some problems the
earth was faced with. Then he offered some suggestions on what they could do to save our planet in an effectively
way. Late after the lecture, I searched the Internet for more informations on this topic. Up to now, I learnt that the
problem of air pollution is universal and that we were likely to run out of some natural resources. To make things
worse, climate change is becoming a great threat for human beings.
答案：第一句：what→which
第二句：an→a
第三句：去掉 to
第四句：they→we; effectively→effective
第五句：Late→Later; informations→information
第六句：learnt 前加 have; were→are
第七句：for→to
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