马鞍山市 2021 年高三第一次教学质量监测
英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共 8 页。满分 150 分。
考试用时 120 分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必用 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字将自己的姓名、座号、考生号填写
在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2．第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3．第Ⅱ卷必须用 0.5 毫米的黑色墨水签字笔作答。答案必须写在答题卡各题目指
定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再
写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无
效。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答
案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选
出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一
小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman plan to do for the weekend?
A. Go out for a hike. B. Do some reading. C. Clean the balcony.
2. Why did the woman meet the man?
A. To borrow his computer. B. To ask him for help. C. To apply for a job.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. In a theater.
4. Who will begin the lecture?
A. Dr. White. B. Prof. Black. C. Dr. Brown.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. She hates going on a picnic.
B. She’s worried about the weather.
C. She needs to buy some food.
第二节（共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每
小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What does the man like best about the earphones?
A. The good quality. B. The low price. C. The special color.
7. How much will the man pay for the earphones?
A. 50 dollars. B. 45 dollars. C. 40 dollars.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8 Why did the woman go to Vienna?
A. To take a business trip. B. To look after her mother. C. To visit an amusement park.
9. When is the man going to Prater with his daughter?
A. This Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. Next Monday.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10 What is the man speaker probably?
A. A policeman. B. A bank clerk. C. A receptionist.
11. Which of the following was marked?
A. The ring. B. The handbag. C. The laptop.
12. What do we know about the woman’s husband?
A. He works in a local bank.
B. He doesn’t know what happened.
C. He is on his way back from America.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. How long has the woman been in New York?
A. Over ten years. B. Over six years. C. About two months.
14. Why does the man want to leave New York?
A. To go to college. B. To change his life. C. To attend a party.
15. Where was the man born?
A. In New York. B. In Phoenix. C. In Michigan.
16. What is the probable relationship between the man and Betty?
A. Friends. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. Where does the speaker live?
A. In an apartment off campus.
B. At home with his parents.
C. In a dormitory on campus.
18. What do we know about the machines in a Laundromat?
A. They are small in number. B. They are slow to run. C. They are easy to operate.
19. What can students do in a Laundromat?
A. Do exercise. B. Buy meals. C. Make coffee.
20. What does the speaker think of doing laundry in a Laundromat?
A. It can be very stressful. B. It can be a waste of time. C. It can be a social activity.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并
在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
While some customs like setting off fireworks and counting down the last few seconds seem
universal, many countries have their own unique New Year’s Eve traditions.
Denmark: Break plates
A Danish tradition is to throw plates and dishes against friend’s and neighbor’s front doors. It’s
a bit of a popularity contest as the bigger the pile of broken china is the next morning, the more
friends and good luck you’ll have in the coming year.
Germany: Pouring lead
In Germany, people melt small pieces of lead in a spoon over a candle, then pour the liquid into
cold water. The shapes from the lead pouring are supposed to reveal what the year ahead will bring.
If the lead forms a ball, luck will roll one’s way, while the shape of a crown means wealth; a cross
means death and a star will bring happiness.
Spain: Twelve grapes of luck
In Spain, one New Year’s tradition is to eat 12 grapes, one for each month of the coming year,
to secure prosperity (繁荣). You need to eat one grape with each bell strike at midnight. The tradition
dates from 1909 when farmers in Alicante came up with this idea to sell more grapes after an
exceptional harvest.
Philippines: Round food, round clothes, round everything
In the Philippines, the start of the new year is all about the money. The locals believe that
surrounding themselves with round things (to represent coins) will bring money or fortune. As a
result, clothes with dots are worn and round food is eaten.
1. What is believed to bring good luck for the coming new year in Denmark?
A. A red candle. B. Round food. C. Broken china. D. A lead
cross.
2. What inspired the New Year’s tradition of eating grapes?
A. A way to make coins. B. An act to keep power.
C. A desire to be popular. D. An idea to gain profit.
3. Which section of a magazine is the text probably taken from?
A. Fashion. B. Travel. C. Culture. D.
Entertainment.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了许多国家的除夕夜传统。
【1 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Denmark: Break plates 部分中的第二句“A Danish tradition is to throw plates
and dishes against friend’s and neighbor’s front doors. It’s a bit of a popularity contest as the bigger
the pile of broken china is the next morning, the more friends and good luck you’ll
have in the coming year”（丹麦的传统是把盘子和盘子，扔向朋友和邻居家的前门。这有点像
受欢迎的竞赛，因为第二天早上，破碎的瓷器堆得越多，来年你就会有更多的朋友和好运。）
可知，在丹麦人们认为碎瓷器会给新的一年带来好运。故选 C。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In Spain, one New Year’s tradition is to eat 12 grapes, one for each month of the
coming year, to secure prosperity . You need to eat one grape with each bell strike at midnight. The
tradition dates from 1909 when farmers in Alicante came up with this idea to sell more
grapes after an exceptional harvest.”（在西班牙，一个新年的传统是吃 12 颗葡萄，一颗代表来
年的每个月份，以确保繁荣。午夜钟声敲响的时候，你得吃一颗葡萄。这个传统可以追溯到
1909 年，当时阿利坎特的农民想出了这个主意，在一个特别的收获季节后卖出更多的葡萄。）
可知，要获得利润的想法激发了新年吃葡萄的传统。故选 D。
【3 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“While some customs like setting off fireworks and counting down the last
few seconds seem universal, many countries have their own unique New Year’s Eve traditions.”（虽
然放烟花、倒计时等一些习俗似乎全球通用，但许多国家都有自己独特的除夕夜传统。）可知，
文章是介绍了许多国家的除夕夜传统，所以这可能来自一本杂志的文化部分。故选 C。
B
Zhang Shuai has a sense of fun that is being widely appreciated on the internet. When
deliverymen bring cardboard boxes to his doorstep, Zhang soon builds them into interactive toys for
his daughter Nini, who is 5.
The 32-year-old father from Zhengzhou, Henan Province, has made more than 120 toys from
waste cardboard in the past three years. His toy-making videos have gone viral (走红) on the internet
and many netizens comment that it shows an environment-friendly way to spend quality time with
children.
In Zhang’s eyes, everything can have a hard cardboard copy. Even the classic video games,
such as Need for Speed, Tetris and Submarine Game Challenge, can be played in the actual world.
“These are toys or games that people born after 1980 had in childhood that are rarely seen today.
I want my daughter to see what her father played with as a boy, building a kind of connection
between the two generations,” Zhang says.
The homemade toy, cardboard version of Need for Speed, has got more than 1.6 million likes on
short video platform Douyin. The screen is made of paper with three lanes (车道) with cars and a
magnet (磁铁) underneath. In the video, Nini uses a steering wheel to control a metal car to overtake
painted cars in its lane with her father rolling the paper.
He also built a marble obstacle course, a pool table, a robot WALL-E and many others. His
most liked video, a toy bank in the shape of a house, has gained more than 2.7 million likes.
“As people are becoming more addicted to digital devices, there are harmful effects brought by
technology, like difficulty in concentration,” Zhang says, adding that parents should control their
children’s screen time.
4. What do we know about Zhang Shuai’s cardboard toys?
A. They are interactive. B. They are of a style.
C. They are commonly seen. D. They are a waste of money.
5. What can we learn from the fifth paragraph?
A. How a cardboard toy is played. B. How likes on Douyin are gained.
C. What games were popular in 1980. D. What materials are needed for a toy.
6. What does Zhang Shuai mean by his words in the last paragraph?
A. Digital devices are beneficial to people.
B. Children rely on their parents to buy toys.
C. Harmful effects brought by technology are unnoticed.
D. Parents should spend quality time with their children.
7. Which of the following can best describe Zhang Shuai?
A. Kind and generous. B. Patient and creative.
C. Brave and ambitious. D. Just and sympathetic.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。张帅是一名 32 岁的父亲，他为自己 5 岁的女儿用纸板箱做成了互动玩具，
并在网上上传了视频，走红网络。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“When deliverymen bring cardboard boxes to his doorstep, Zhang
soon builds them into interactive toys for his daughter Nini, who is 5.”（当快递员把纸板箱送到他
家门口时，张很快就把纸板箱做成了互动玩具，送给 5 岁的女儿妮妮。）可知，张帅的纸板玩
具是有互动性的。故选 A。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“In the video, Nini uses a steering wheel to control a metal car to
overtake painted cars in its lane with her father rolling the paper.”（在视频中，妮妮用方向盘控制
一辆金属车，在她的父亲翻纸时，超过了车道上的彩绘车。）可知，在第五段中可以了解到纸
板玩具是怎么玩的。故选 A。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句““As people are becoming more addicted to digital devices,
there are harmful effects brought by technology, like difficulty in concentration,” Zhang says, adding
that parents should control their children’s screen time.”（“随着人们对数字设备越来越上瘾，科技
也带来了一些有害的影响，比如注意力难以集中。”他补充说，父母应该控制孩子看屏幕的时
间。）可知，张帅认为父母应该和孩子们共度美好时光。故选 D。
【7 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“When deliverymen bring cardboard boxes to his doorstep, Zhang
soon builds them into interactive toys for his daughter Nini, who is 5.”（当快递员把纸板箱送到他
家门口时，张很快就把纸板箱做成了互动玩具，送给 5 岁的女儿妮妮。张帅用纸板箱做成了
互 动 玩 具 ， 所 以 他 很 有 创 造 性 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 最 后 一 句 “As people are becoming
more addicted to digital devices, there are harmful effects brought by technology, like difficulty in
concentration,” Zhang says, adding that parents should control their children’s screen time.”（“随着
人们对数字设备越来越上瘾，科技也带来了一些有害的影响，比如注意力难以集中。”他补充
说，父母应该控制孩子看屏幕的时间。）可知，张帅很愿意和孩子共度亲子时光，所以判断出
他很有耐心。故选 B。
C
A cozy environment fostering focused thinking and concentration on books is what study
lounges are all about. Ideal for students with limited options as after-school study spaces. And
relatively cheap.
The demand for study lounges rose in China because students can hardly find a peaceful place
to study after finishing classes. Before 2018, there were few study lounges in China, and the few that
existed were mainly in first- and second-tier cities such as Guangzhou, Suzhou and Tianjin. Yet by
2019, they had become popular nationwide.
But the pandemic (流行病) has dealt a blow to the industry. Since personal contact in a closed
environment is unavoidable, the pandemic forced all study lounges to shut down for several months.
Lou Qingxiao, founder of Xinliuzaowu, one of Beijing’s earliest study lounge brands that opened in
2018, said their first study lounge near Renmin University of China had made ends meet before the
pandemic. Li Hang and Zhang Yang, co-founders of Sishiloushi, a Beijing-based independent study
lounge, said that even before COVID-19 broke out, the industry’s profit was neither promising nor
clear, let alone in such a particular period.
“Rent is a major fixed cost for study lounges, especially in first-tier cities,” Lou said. In a
first-tier city such as Beijing, rentals comprise more than a half of a study lounge’s monthly
operation cost. But Lou sounds optimistic about the industry commercial prospects, “because it’s a
blue ocean with less competition.”
Study lounges provide a better learning experience that people cannot get in free public libraries.
“Privately operated study lounges like ours actually make up for the shortage of public infrastructure
(基础设施) and public services and we are willing to cooperate with the government to better serve
the public.” Li said.
8. What contributes to the rise of study lounges in China?
A. The rapid development of cities.
B. The shrinking number of libraries.
C. The need for a peaceful study environment.
D. The lack of alternative after-school activities.
9. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The earliest study lounge brands in China.
B. A guideline on finding famous study lounges.
C. An introduction to the founders of study lounges.
D. The influence of the pandemic on study lounges.
10. What does Lou Qingxiao think of the future of the study lounge?
A. It is promising. B. It is unclear.
C. It will be full of competition. D. It will be free of rent.
11. What can we infer about the operation of study lounges from the last paragraph?
A. Government involvement is welcome.
B. The infrastructure construction is needed.
C. Study lounges should be privately operated.
D. Cooperation with public libraries has been achieved.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了自习室给大家提供了更好的学习体验，但新冠疫情对
中国的自习室行业造成了极大的影响。
【8 题详解】
细节理解题。由上文第二段“The demand for study lounges rose in China because students can
hardly find a peaceful place to study after finishing classes.”可知，在中国，对自习室的需求增加
了，因为学生在上完课后几乎找不到一个安静的学习场所。所以自习室的快速发展是因为大
家对安静场所的需求。故选 C 项。
【9 题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段第一句话“But the pandemic (流行病) has dealt a blow to the industry.”可
知，流行病对整个自习室行业造成了打击。下文具体介绍了相关的影响。故选 D 项。
【10 题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段“But Lou sounds optimistic about the industry commercial prospects,
“because it’s a blue ocean with less competition.”可知，但娄对行业的商业前景感到乐观，“因
为这是一片竞争较少的蓝色海洋。”文中 optimistic 表示他是乐观的，认为该行业有好的前景。
A 项“有希望的”。故选 A 项。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“Privately operated study lounges like ours actually make up for the
shortage of public infrastructure (基础设施) and public services and we are willing to cooperate
with the government to better serve the public.”可知，“像我们这样的私人经营的自习室实际上
弥补了公共基础设施和公共服务的不足，我们愿意与政府合作，以更好地为公众服务。”李
说。由此可知，自习室行业也希望与政府合作，所以政府的参与是受欢迎的，故选 A 项。
D
Dogs can’t speak, but their brains respond to spoken words. Every dog owner knows that
saying “Good dog!” in a happy, high voice will make their pet joyfully wag its tail. That made
scientists curious: What exactly happens in your dog’s brain when it hears praise, and is it similar to
the way our own brain processes such information?
When a person gets others’ compliment, the more primitive, subcortical auditory regions (皮层
下听觉区) first reacts to the intonation — the emotional force of spoken words. Next, the brain taps
the more recently evolved auditory cortex (听觉皮层) to figure out the meaning of the words, which
is learned.
In 2016, a team of scientists discovered that dogs’ brains, like those of humans, compute the
intonation and meaning of a word separately — although dogs use their right brain to do so, whereas
we use our left one. Still, a puzzle remained: Do their brains go through the same steps to process
approval?
It’s an important question, because dogs are a speechless species, yet they respond correctly to
our words. For instance, some dogs are capable of recognising thousands of names of individual
objects, and can link each name to a specific object.
When the scientists studied scans of the brains of pet dogs, they found that theirs, like ours,
process the sounds of spoken words in this manner — analyzing first the emotional component with
the older region of the brain, the subcortical regions, and then the words’ meaning with the newer
part, the cortex.
See why dogs are so successful at partnering with us? Dogs and humans last shared a common
ancestor some 100 million years ago, so it’s likely that our brains respond to sounds in a similar way.
As domesticated animals that have evolved alongside humans for the past 10,000 years, dogs make
special use of it to process human emotions. You know, what we say really matters to dogs!
12. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “compliment”?
A. Reply. B. Praise. C. Warning. D. Advice.
13. What is the first step a dog’s brain goes through to process approval?
A. Linking it to an object. B. Analyzing the emotion.
C. Working out its meaning. D. Tapping the auditory cortex.
14. How does the writer develop the text?
A. By comparing opinions. B. By raising examples.
C. By providing answers to questions. D. By analyzing causes and effects.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Dogs—good listeners
B. Dogs—perfect partners
C. Dogs and humans share a common ancestor actually
D. Dogs understand spoken words the same way we do
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章对狗对语言信息的处理方式进行了说明。
【12 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“What exactly happens in your dog’s brain when it hears praise,
and is it similar to the way our own brain processes such information?”（当你的狗听到赞美时，它
的大脑到底发生了什么?它和我们大脑处理这些信息的方式相似吗?）可知，下文是分析了人类
大脑处理赞美信息的方式，所以 compliment 意为“赞扬”。故选 B。
【13 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“analyzing first the emotional component with the older region of the
brain”（首先用大脑旧区域分析情感成分）可知，狗的大脑分析赞同要做的第一步是分析情感。
故选 B。
【14 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“What exactly happens in your dog’s brain when it hears praise,
and is it similar to the way our own brain processes such information?”（当你的狗听到赞美时，它
的大脑到底发生了什么?它和我们大脑处理这些信息的方式相似吗?）第三段最后一句“Still, a
puzzle remained: Do their brains go through the same steps to process approval?”（然
而，仍然有一个谜：它们的大脑在审批过程中会经历同样的步骤吗？）和最后一段第一句“See
why dogs are so successful at partnering with us?”（明白为什么狗能如此成功地与人类合作了
吗？）可知，文章是通过提出问题并给出答案的方式组织内容的。故选 C。
【15 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段第二句“Dogs and humans last shared a common ancestor some 100
million years ago, so it’s likely that our brains respond to sounds in a similar way. ”（狗和人类最后
拥有共同的祖先大约是在 1 亿年前，所以我们的大脑对声音的反应很可能是类似的。）可知，
文章最好的标题是“狗和我们一样能听懂别人说的话”。故选 D。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
为多余选项。
Children learn who they are and how to identify, value, and communicate needs and feelings
through interactions with their parents. ___16___ Here are several key things to ensure your children
grow into independent adults.
Allow freedom of information. One of the main characteristics of healthy families is freedom to
express thoughts and observations. ___17___ For instance, forbidding mentioning of daddy’s
drinking teaches children to be fearful and doubt themselves. Children are naturally curious about
everything. This is healthy and should be encouraged.
Accept your children’s feelings. Many clients tell me that they weren’t allowed to express anger,
complain, feel sad or even get excited. ___18___ This becomes problematic in their adult
relationships and can lead to depression. Allowing children to express their feelings provides a
healthy outlet.
Respect your children’s boundaries. Respecting children’s thoughts and feelings is a way of
respecting boundaries. Verbal abuse and attacks violate their boundaries, so does unwanted touch.
Additionally, children’s property, space and privacy should be respected. ___19___
___20___ Children need a safe, predictable and fair environment. When rules and punishments
are arbitrary or inconsistent, instead of learning from mistakes, children will become angry and
anxious, and learn to distrust their parents. The best rules and punishments should relate to natural
consequences of the wrong-doing, rather than mere physical punishments.
A. They learned to restrict their feelings.
B. Have reasonable, explicit, consistent rules and punishments.
C. Allow children appropriate responsibility and independence.
D. Secrets and no-talk rules are common in unhealthy families.
E. Thus, how you communicate with your children is significant.
F. Therefore, you can’t give them too much love and understanding.
G. Reading their mail or talking to their friends behind their back is off-limits.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母与孩子互动的建议，帮助孩子成长，独立。
【16 题详解】
根据上文“Children learn who they are and how to identify, value, and communicate needs and
feelings through interactions with their parents.(孩子通过与父母的互动交流学会了解自己，做出
判断，和表达自己的需求和感情)”可知，孩子好多品质都是从在与父母互动交流过程中学到
的，E 项内容提到父母与孩子的交流方式就很重要。由此可知，E 项“Thus, how you
communicate with your children is significant.(这样情况下，你是如何与孩子交流的即你和孩子的
交流方式就很重要)”承接上文，符合题意。故选 E 项。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“One of the main characteristics of healthy families is freedom to express thoughts and
observations.(健康家庭关系的一个主要特征就是表达情感与观察的自由)”可知，要给孩子表达
的机会，由言论自由，D 项“Secrets and no-talk rules are common in unhealthy families.(秘密和
禁止谈论在不健康的家庭是常见的)”指出了两种情况对比更突显给孩子话语权的重要性。下
文 “For instance, forbidding mentioning of daddy’s drinking teaches children to be fearful and
doubt themselves.(例如，禁止谈论父亲酗酒会让孩子恐惧，开始自我怀疑)”举例说明 D 项中
的内容。故选 D 项。
【18 题详解】
根据上文“Many clients tell me that they weren’t allowed to express anger, complain, feel sad or
even get excited.(许多委托人告诉我他们在家里不被允许表达愤怒，抱怨，不开心甚至兴奋)”
可知，A 项“They learned to restrict their feelings.(他们学会了约束控制自己的情感)”承接上
文。下文“This becomes problematic in their adult relationships and can lead to depression.(这将在
孩子未来成年后人际关系产生问题，进而导致抑郁)”中的 this 指代 A 项中的 restrict their
feelings(约束他们的情感)。故选 A 项。
【19 题详解】
根据段落小标题“Respect your children’s boundaries.(尊重孩子的边界感)”可知，本段主要讲
述要尊重孩子。上文“children’s property, space and privacy should be respected.(尊重孩子的财
物，空间，隐私)”以及 G 项内容“Reading their mail or talking to their friends behind their back is
off-limits.(读孩子的信件，背后谈论孩子的朋友都是越界)”都是在列举不尊重孩子的隐私的例
子，符合上文内容。故选 G 项。
【20 题详解】
该空需要填选出本段小标题，概括全段内容。根据下文“When rules and punishments are
arbitrary or inconsistent, instead of learning from mistakes, children will become angry and anxious,
and learn to distrust their parents.(当规矩和惩罚是专断和不一致时，孩子会易怒易焦虑，不信任
父母，而不是从错误中学习)”可知，应该给孩子合理的理智的，明确的，一致规矩和惩罚。
B 项“Have reasonable, explicit, consistent rules and punishments.(有合理、明确、一致的规章制
度和处罚办法)”适合做本段小标题。故选 B 项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填
入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Starting at age 5, Aesha Ash studied tap, jazz and ballet. She wanted to be a ___21___ on
Broadway. At age 10, the school told her she had to ___22___ one kind of dance. She thought the
other forms of dance were easier for her and she wanted a ___23___. She talked to her mom, who
told her that a career in ballet would be even more ___24___ for her because few ballet dancers were
black. However, those words helped Ash ___25___. She would prove to herself and to everyone that
she could ___26___ an excellent black ballet dancer. She started studying ballet more ___27___
from then on.
Then Ash ___28___ the School of American Ballet and worked hard toward her dream. Any
time she felt bullied (被欺凌), she tried to ___29___ for herself and she became more ___30___ to
succeed. At 18, her dream ___31___ when she joined the New York City Ballet, where she danced
many lead roles. She became ___32___! Years later, Ash ___33___ the Swan Dreams Project, a
charity that uses dance and the arts to ___34___kids: Where they live, how much money they have,
what their ___35___ is or anyone else’s ideas about them cannot ___36___ their dreams.
Even though Ash has won awards and praise, the biggest ___37___, she said, is making her
family ___38___ because she reached her dream. “All of the hard work and sacrifice ___39___,” she
said. “When you have a ___40___, believe it with all of your heart.”
21. A. singer B. dancer C. director D. tutor
22. A. create B. abandon C. choose D. observe
23. A. guide B. performance C. model D. challenge
24. A. practical B. difficult C. comfortable D. expensive
25. A. quit B. relax C. decide D. bargain
26. A. make B. find C. meet D. change
27. A. seriously B. equally C. randomly D.
automatically
28. A. built B. bought C. entered D. repaired
29. A. make up B. stand up C. line up D. stay up
30. A. determined B. hesitant C. curious D. unwilling
31. A. turned up B. faded away C. ran out D. came true
32. A. disappointed B. professional C. uncertain D. humorous
33. A. found B. missed C. refused D. started
34. A. select B. employ C. teach D. protect
35. A. race B. name C. gift D. mind
36. A. realize B. limit C. hide D. expand
37. A. stage B. puzzle C. trouble D. pleasure
38. A. proud B. united C. calm D. merciful
39. A. broke up B. fell apart C. went away D. paid off
40 A. task B. duty C. dream D. chance
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B
30. A 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. D
40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Aesha Ash 通过自己的努力实现自己的梦想，成为了一
名优秀的黑人芭蕾舞舞者的故事，激励大家相信梦想的力量，并为之而努力。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从 5 岁开始，Aesha Ash 学习过踢踏舞，爵士和芭蕾舞。她想成为
百老汇的一名舞者。A. singer 歌手；B. dancer 舞者；C. director 导演；D. tutor 助教。由前文提
到“studied tap，jazz and ballet”她学习的都是与舞蹈相关的，所以是想成为舞者。故选 B。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：10 岁那年，学校告诉她必须选择跳一种舞蹈。A. create 创造；B.
abandon 放弃；C. choose 选择；D. observe 观察，注意，遵守。由下文“one kind of dance”可
知是选择其中的一种。故选 C。
【23 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为其他形式的舞蹈对她来说比较容易些，她想要挑战。A. guide
指导；B. performance 表现，表演；C. model 模型，模仿；D. challenge 挑战。由前文“the other
forms of dance were easier for her”可知这些形式的舞蹈对她来说比较简单，她想要有挑战性
的，故选 D。
【24 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她和她妈妈谈话，妈妈告诉她，这对她来说将会更加困难。因
为很少有黑人芭蕾舞演员。A. practical 实用的；B. difficult 困难的；C. comfortable 舒适的，舒
服的；D. expensive 昂贵的。由下文“because few ballet dancers were black”可推知芭蕾舞对她
来说是困难的。故选 B。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，这些话帮助 Ash 做出了决定。A. quit 离开，放弃；B. relax
放松；C. decide 决定；D. bargain 讨价还价。由下文“She would prove to herself and to everyone
that she could __6__an excellent black ballet dancer.”可推知，她要向别人证明自己可以成为芭
蕾舞演员，也就暗示出这里妈妈的话让她做了决定。故选 C。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她将向自己和所有人证明，她可以成为一位出色的黑人芭蕾舞演
员。A. make 使成为；B. find 找到；C. meet 遇见；D. change 改可推断变。根据下文“She started
studying ballet ”可推知是她想要成为芭蕾舞演员，故选 A。
【27 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，她开始更加认真地学习芭蕾舞。A. seriously 认真地，
严肃地；B. equally 平等地；C. randomly 随意地；D. automatically 自动地。由上文“She would
prove to herself and to everyone that she could __6__an excellent black ballet dancer.”可推知要证
明自己可以成为优秀的芭蕾舞演员，所以肯定认真练习。故选 A。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，Ash 进入美国芭蕾舞学校，并为实现自己的梦想而努力。A.
built 建设，建造；B. bought 买；C. entered 进入；D. repaired 修理，修复。由后文“the School
of American Ballet”可知是进入学校学习，故选 C。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：每当她被欺凌时，她都努力重新站起来，她也变得更加决心
要成功。A. make up 化妆，组成；B. stand up 站立；C. line up 排队，排列；D. stay up 熬夜。
由下文“she became more ___10__ to succeed.”可知，她更加的下定决心要成功，可推知她没
有被欺凌所打败，而是重新站了起来。故选 B。
【30 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：A. determined 坚决的，有决心的；B. hesitant 犹豫的；C. curious
好奇的；D. unwilling 不情愿的。由下文“where she danced many lead roles”可推知她更加坚决地
要成功。故选 A。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：18 岁时，当她加入了纽约市芭蕾舞团，并在其中扮演许多主
角时，她的梦想实现了。A. turned up 出现；B. faded away 逐渐消失，褪色；C. ran out 用完；
D. came true 成真。由下文中“when she joined the New York City Ballet”可知，她的梦想得以
实现。故选 D。
【32 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她变得专业了！ A. disappointed 失望的；B. professional 专业的；
C. uncertain 不确定的；D. humorous 和谐的。由前文提到“she danced many lead roles”可推知
她应该是更加专业的舞者。故选 B。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，Ash 发起了“天鹅梦计划”，该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术
来教导孩子们。A. found 发现；B. missed 怀念; C. refused 拒绝；D. started 开始。由文中“the Swan
Dreams Project, a charity that uses dance and the arts to__14__ kids”可推知 Ash 开始了这个计划。
故选 D。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，Ash 发起了“天鹅梦计划”，该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术
来教导孩子们。A. select 挑选；B. employ 雇佣；C. teach 教授；D. protect 保护。由上文“Where
they live, how much money they have, what their __15__is or anyone else’s ideas about them
cannot__16__ their dreams.”可推知是在教这些孩子这样的道理。故选 C。
【35 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年后，Ash 发起了“天鹅梦计划，该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术来
教导孩子们们：他们住的地方，有多少钱，他们的“种族”是什么，或者其他人关于他们的
想法都不能限制他们的梦想。A. race 种族；B. name 名字；C. gift 礼物，天赋；D. mind 想法。
由上文“She talked to her mom, who told her that a career in ballet would be even more__4__ for
her because few ballet dancers were black.”提到，妈妈说很少黑人芭蕾舞演员，这对她来说有
难度。因为是黑人，提到了种族的问题。所以此处是种族。故选 A。
【36 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术来教导孩子们：他们住的地方，有多
少钱，他们的“种族”是什么，或者其他人关于他们的想法都不能限制他们的梦想。A. realize
意识到；B. limit 限制；C. hide 隐藏；D. expand 扩大，增加。由上文讲述的 Ash 的故事以及上
文的“Where they live, how much money they have, what their 15 is or anyone else’s ideas
about them ”可推知是没有什么可以限制他们的梦想。故选 B。
【37 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ash 说，“尽管她赢得了奖项和赞誉，但最大的喜悦是让她的家人
感到骄傲，因为她实现了自己的梦想。”A. stage舞台；B. puzzle困惑；C. trouble麻烦；D. pleasure
愉快，喜悦。由前文“Ash has won awards and praise”可推知是令人喜悦的，且最大的喜悦是
让家人骄傲。故选 D。
【38 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意： Ash 说，“尽管她赢得了奖项和赞誉，但最大的喜悦是让她的
家人感到骄傲，因为她实现了自己的梦想。”A. proud 自豪的，骄傲的；B. united 统一的，联
合的；C. calm 冷静的；D. merciful 怜悯的。由文中“Ash has won awards and praise”以及
“because she reached her dream.”可推知是让家人很骄傲的。故选 A。
【39 题详解】
考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：她说：“所有的努力和牺牲都得到了回报。当您有一个“梦
想”时，请全心全意地相信它。”A. broke up 结束，破裂；B. fell apart 破裂，破碎；C. went away
离开；D. paid off 取得回报。由前文“Ash has won awards and praise”可推知，所有的努力和
牺牲得到了回报。故选 D。
【40 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“所有的努力和牺牲都得到了回报。当您有一个“梦想”
时，请全心全意地相信它。”A. task 任务；B. duty 责任；C. dream 梦想；D. chance 机会。由
上文“because she reached her dream”可知，她努力实现了自己的梦想，故推知也是拥有梦想，
全力相信它。故选 C。
第 II 卷
注意事项：用 0.5 毫米的黑色墨水签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is normal to get new textbooks for the new term, but in fact, the ___41___ (consume) is huge,
and so is the waste.
Last year, about 2.8 billion school textbooks ___42___ (sell) with consumers spending a total
of 20 billion yuan. If these textbooks were reused for one year, the money saved could be enough for
building around 40,000 primary schools in poor areas.
Many college ___43___ (graduate) sell the textbooks they have accumulated over the years
___44___ an average price of 1 yuan per kilogram. These textbooks are mostly used to produce
___45___ (recycle) paper, but the cost is even higher than ___46___ of raw paper as the processing
procedure is complicated.
Publishing houses and textbook distributors do not agree to the idea of ___47___ (reuse)
textbooks. Also, there is no unified (统一的) platform and service support system for the
second-hand textbook trade, which leads to ___48___ (reliable) supply chains.
Fortunately, some online platforms make it easier to get second-hand textbooks. On Kongfz.com,
the turnover of second-hand textbooks has seen an increase by over 30 percent ___49___ (annual) in
the past three years. According to Sun Yutian, ___50___ is in charge of the platform, the total sales
of second-hand textbooks this year have already exceeded (超过) 14 million yuan. Second-hand
books are more affordable and they are also of good quality.
【答案】41. consumption/consuming
42. were sold
43. graduates
44. at 45. recycled/recyclable
46. that 47. reusing
48. unreliable
49. annually
50. who
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。教科书的消费是巨大的，浪费也是巨大的。更多的人选择使用二手教科书。
【41 题详解】
考查名词。句意：新学期买新课本是很正常的，但事实上，消费是巨大的，浪费也是巨大的。
根据“It is normal to get new textbooks for the new term”可知，此处是指新课本的消耗，所以应用
名词 consumption/consuming（消费，消耗），做主语。故填 consumption/consuming。
【42 题详解】
考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意：去年，约 28 亿册教科书被售出，消费者的消费总额达 200
亿元人民币。根据 Last year 可知，应用一般过去时。动词 sell（售卖）和主语 textbooks 构成
被动关系。故填 were sold。
【43 题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：许多大学毕业生以每公斤 1 元的平均价格出售他们积累多年的教科书。
此处作主语应用名词形式，graduate 作名词意为“毕业生”，为可数名词。在 many 后应用复数
形式。故填 graduates。
【44 题详解】
考查介词和固定搭配。句意：许多大学毕业生以每公斤 1 元的平均价格出售他们积累多年的
教科书。表示“以……的价格”应用介词 at。故填 at。
【45 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些教科书大多用于生产回收纸，但由于加工过程复杂，成本甚至比原
纸还要高。修饰名词 paper 应用形容词。形容词 recycled 意为“回收利用的”，recyclable 意为“可
回收利用的”。故填 recycled/recyclable。
【46 题详解】
考查指示代词。句意：这些教科书大多用于生产回收纸，但由于加工过程复杂，成本甚至比
原纸还要高。此处代指前文提到的 the cost，应用 that。故填 that。
【47 题详解】
考查动名词。句意：出版社和教材经销商不同意重复使用教材的想法。介词 of 后应用动名词。
故填 reusing。
【48 题详解】
考查形容词反义词。句意：二手教材交易没有统一的平台和服务支撑体系，导致供应链不可
靠。根据“there is no unified (统一的) platform and service support system for the second-hand
textbook trade”可知，供应链并不可靠。形容词 unreliable 意为“不可靠的”作定语修饰名词。故
填 unreliable。
【49 题详解】
考查副词。句意：在 Kongfz.com 上，二手教科书的营业额在过去三年里以每年 30%以上的速
度增长。修饰动词 seen 应用副词。故填 annually。
【50 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据该平台负责人孙玉田介绍，今年二手教科书的总销售额已经超过 1400
万元。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为 Sun Yutian，所以应用关系代词 who。故填
who。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有
10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
Like many boys, my most favorite sport is basketball. To be honest, I felt clumsy when I first
learn to play it. I moved more slowly and I was not as strongly as others. But they didn’t give up and
spent my spare time practicing. Gradually, I made progresses. I can’t forget how exciting I was
before winning the first match. That’s how I fell in love basketball. Since then, it has become a
important part of my life. It strengthens my body but also helps me become confident.
【答案】1.去掉 favorite 前的 most；
2.learn→learned；
3.strongly→strong；
4.they→I；
5.progresses→progress；
6.exciting→excited；
7.before→after；
8.在 basketball 前加 with；
9.a→an；
10.but→and
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。“我”爱上了篮球，篮球增强了“我”的身体，让“我”更自信。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：像许多男孩一样，我最喜欢的运动是篮球。favorite 意为“最喜
爱的”本身为最高级，所以不需要再用 most。故将 favorite 前的 most 去掉。
2.考查一般过去时。句意：老实说，我第一次学篮球的时候觉得自己很笨。根据 I felt clumsy
可知，此处应用一般过去时。故将 learn 改为 learned。
3.考查形容词。句意：我移动得较慢，也不像别人那么强壮。在 was 后作表语应用形容词。故
将 strongly 改为 strong。
4.考查人称代词。句意：但我没有放弃，把业余时间花在练习上。根据 my spare time 可知，此
处是指“我”没有放弃。故将 they 改为 I。
5.考查不可数名词。句意：渐渐地，我取得了进步。progress 为不可数名词，所以没有复数形
式。故将 progresses 改为 progress。
6.考查形容词。句意：我无法忘记赢得第一场比赛后我是多么的激动。根据“winning the first
match”可知此处是指“我”很激动。故将 exciting 改为 excited。
7.考查介词。句意：我无法忘记赢得第一场比赛后我是多么的激动。根据“I can’t forget how
excited I was”可知，此处是指在赢得第一场比赛后。故将 before 改为 after。
8.考查固定搭配和介词。句意：我就是这样爱上篮球的。fall in love with 表示“爱上”，为固定
搭配。故在 basketball 前加 with。
9.考查不定冠词。句意：从那时起，它就成了我生活中重要的一部分。part 为可数名词，important
的开头发音是元音，所以应用 an。故将 a 改为 an。
10.考查关联词。句意：它增强了我的身体，也帮助我变得自信。“strengthens my body”和“helps
me become confident”是并列关系。故将 but 改为 and。
第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
52. 假定你是李华。我市下周将出现低温冰冻天气。请用英文发一份电子邮件，告知你校国际
部学生 Jimmy，内容包括：
1．天气状况；
2．御寒措施；
3．出行安全。
注意：
1．词数 100 左右；
2．文中不可出现有关个人的真实信息；
3．邮件开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jimmy，
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jimmy，
It is going to be cold and freezing next week, so it is necessary for you to take care of yourself.
On the one hand, the most important thing you should do is wear clothes warm enough. Down
jackets, cotton gloves and scarves are good choices. You can also prepare some warm pastes for
yourself, which can make you comfortable in the cold air. On the other hand, it is the smooth road
that bring much danger to passengers, so you should walk or drive slowly on the road. I hope you
can go through the bad weather safely and healthily.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给国际部学生 Jimmy 写封邮件，告知下周将出现低温冰
冻天气。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量一般将来时。
结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 通知天气状况；
2. 建议御寒措施；
3. 提醒注意出行安全。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
cold and freezing; wear clothes warm enough; down jackets; cotton gloves and scarves; warm pastes;
bring much danger to passengers; walk or drive slowly
第三步：连词成句
1.It is going to be cold and freezing next week, so it is necessary for you to take care of yourself.
2. On the one hand, the most important thing you should do is wear clothes warm enough.
3. Down jackets, cotton gloves and scarves are good choices.
4. You can also prepare some warm pastes for yourself, which can make you comfortable in the cold
air.
5.On the other hand, it is the smooth road that bring much danger to passengers, so you should walk
or drive slowly on the road.
6.I hope you can go through the bad weather safely and healthily.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表转折对比关系：On the one hand…,On the other hand…
2.表因果关系： So
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型 1]You can also prepare some warm pastes for yourself, which can make you
comfortable in the cold air. （which 引导的定语从句）
[高分句型 2]On the other hand, it is the smooth road that bring much danger to passengers, so you
should walk or drive slowly on the road.（it 强调句）
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