炎德·英才大联考长郡中学 2021届高三月考试卷(六)
英语
时量：120分钟 总分：150分
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共 15小题，每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Endless Adventures for Teenagers
The world is full of mountains to climb, waves to surf and paths to follow. With junior membership you’ll
have unlimited access to all of the amazing places we look after, inside and out.
Go wild for watersports
Ever ridden a crashing wave or rowed under chalky cliffs (峭壁)? Feel alive as you surf the white water at
Portstewart Strand on a body board or look at the blue seas of Studland Bay in a glass-bottomed boat. Climb, jump
and swim your way around the dramatic Pembrokeshire coastline, all under the guidance of an expert instructor.
Sleep under the stars
Spend a week in the wild on a family camping trip at Wicken Fen. Listen for barn owls hooting (大叫) and
badgers (獾) snuffling. Wake up beside water at LowWray campsite. Hire bikes, paddleboards or rowing boats for
an action-packed day out before refueling with tasty pizza from a wood-fired oven.
Capture the moment
Head for the Fame Islands to shoot puffins landing on the cliffs and grey seals resting on the rocks. On still
days you’ll be able to take pictures of Snowdonia’s peaks reflected in the lakes clear waters. And with 500
photogenic places to visit with your membership, you’ll never be short of things to capture.
Grow your skills
Love being outdoors? Learn practical conservation skills and meet new people at your local Green Academies
Project. Whether creating a natural play area or planting trees, you’ll feel proud to care for the nature on your
doorstep.
1. What do adventures around the Pembrokeshire coastline provide?
A. Free bike hire. B. A safe campsite.
C. Professional guidance. D. Expert recommendation.
2. Where can teenagers camp?
A. At Porstewart Strand. B. At Wicken Fen.
C. At Studland Bay. D. On the Farne Islands.
3. What do we know about the Green Academies Project?
A. It is run indoors.
B. It teaches photographic skills.
C. It is intended for research lovers.
D. It encourages conservation efforts.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。世界上有很多山可以攀登，有很多浪可以冲浪，有很多路可以走。有了初级
会员资格，你就可以无限制地进入我们所照看的所有神奇的地方，从内到外。文章介绍了四个适合青少年
的冒险活动。
【1题详解】
细 节理 解 题 。根 据 Go wild for watersports 中“Climb, jump and swim your way around the dramatic
Pembrokeshire coastline, all under the guidance of an expert instructor.( 在 专 业 教 练 的 指 导 下 ， 沿 着
Pembrokeshire戏剧性的海岸线，攀爬、跳跃和游泳)”可知，在 Pembrokeshire 海岸线上的探险活动提供专
业的指导。故选 C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Sleep under the stars中“Spend a week in the wild on a family camping trip at Wicken Fen.(在
Wicken Fen进行为期一周的野外家庭露营旅行)”可知，青少年可以在Wicken Fen露营。故选 B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Grow your skills 中“Learn practical conservation skills and meet new people at your local
Green Academies Project. Whether creating a natural play area or planting trees, you’ll feel proud to care for the
nature on your doorstep.(在当地的绿色学院项目中学习实用的保护技能，结识新朋友。无论是创建一个自然
的游乐区还是种植树木，你会感到自豪的是关心你的家门口的自然)”可知，the Green Academies Project 鼓
励保护工作。故选 D。
B
Awoman held her phone tightly to her heart the way a church-goer might hold a Bible. She was anxious to
take a picture of an impressive bunch of flowers that sat not so far away, but first she had to get through a crowd of
others pushing their way to do the same. The cause of this was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular events at
the de Young Museum in San Francisco.
Flower sellers were asked to create flower arrangements that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient
carvings to contemporary sculptures. It’s extremely attractive and also memorable, to the point that it has become a
problem.
In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones
had spoiled their experience of the exhibit. Institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the
desire to take photographs becomes a huge attraction for museums, as well as something that upsets some of their
patrons (资助人). So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise:carving out “photo free” hours during the
exhibition’s six-day run.
One common complaint about the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing
out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. A study recently published in the journal
Psychological Science suggests there is some truth to this. It finds that people who keep taking photos of an exhibit
and posting them on social media rather than simply observing it, have a hard time remembering what they see. But
the issue is complex for the professionals running museums. Linda Butler, the de Young’s head of marketing and
visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be“a photo-taking playland”. Yet a lot of
people do and she believes that the de Young is in no position to judge one reason for buying a $ 28 ticket to be
more valid than another. “If we removed social media and photography,” she says. “We would risk becoming
irrelevant.”
4. What was the woman eager to do according to Paragraph 1?
A. To get her phone. B. To escape the crowd.
C. To take a photo. D. To push ahead.
5. How did the de Young respond to the dilemma?
A. By setting periods without photo-taking.
B. By making the exhibition free of charge.
C. By compromising with the government.
D. By extending the free exhibition hours.
6. The recent study finds that the use of social media in museums may ________.
A. uncover the truth B. cause irrelevancy
C. bring more pleasure D. play a negative role
7. Which of the following may Linda Butler support?
A. Reducing admission prices.
B. Catering to visitors.
C. Reserving judgement in public.
D. Banning social media and photography.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是新闻报道，介绍了一家博物馆收到了很多人的抱怨，抱怨者们纷纷称已经影响了他们的看
展体验，因为拍照的欲望成了一些人去博物馆的巨大动力，也成了另外一些老顾客心烦的原因。于是，该
博馆物采取了一个折中的办法：在展期内抽出“无拍照”时间。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“She was anxious to take a picture of an impressive bunch of flowers ”
（她急于给一束花拍照）可知，女人非常渴望拍照，故选 C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise:carving out
“photo free” hours during the exhibition’s six-day run.”（因此，博物馆做出了一种折中的回
应：在为期六天的展览中抽出“无照片”的时间）可知，面对人们的抱怨，博物馆采取了一个折中的办法：
在展期内抽出“无拍照”时间。故选 A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“One common complaint about the effect of social media on museum
culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting
evidence of them.”可知，在社交媒体对博物馆文化影响的争论中，一个常见的抱怨是，人们似乎错过了
体验，因为他们太忙于收集证据，也就是社交媒体的使用在参观博物馆过程中起消极的作用。故选 D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““If we removed social media and photography,” she says. “We would risk
becoming irrelevant.””可知，她认为，如果限制适用社交媒体和拍照，博物馆可能变得无关紧要（不那
么受欢迎），由此可知，Linda Butler认为博物馆要迎合游客。故选 B。
C
It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but
new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy
drinkers do put on weight, those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.
A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, “Light to moderate alcohol intake,
especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain.” The International
Scientific Forum on Alcohol Research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly
that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.
Boston University’s Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms(生物学机制) relating alcohol to
changes in body weight are not properly understood. His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate
drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes (糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies
suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.
The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and
that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future
research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into
consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.
For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis
increases one’s risk of becoming obese. What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol (白藜芦醇),
a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.
8. The underlined phrase “in moderation” in the first paragraph means “________”.
A. excitedly B. carefully
C. frequently D. properly
9. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect.
B. Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat.
C. Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight.
D. The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear.
10. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
A. How to do some easy experiments.
B. How to reduce the calories contained in wine.
C. How to prove the finding mentioned above.
D. How to make wine in a healthy way.
11. Where is the article most probably taken from?
A. A chemistry textbook. B. ATV advertisement.
C. A science magazine. D. A supermarket website.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。人们普遍认为经常饮酒会导致肥胖，但是最近研究人员发现适量饮酒可以起
到减肥的效果，而且还可以防止糖尿病。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on
weight...”(回顾过去的研究，他们发现，虽然酗酒者的确会增加体重)，。根据连词 while可知上下文存在对
比关系，所以猜测画线部分应和 heavy drinkers 对应，指适量饮酒的人，说明但是那些适当饮酒的人实际上
会减肥。故选 D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk
of getting conditions like diabetes (糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity.” (他的研究小组指出，适量饮酒具
有很强的保护作用，可以降低患糖尿病等疾病的风险，而糖尿病与肥胖人数的增加有关。)可知 Dr. Harvey
Finkel指出适量饮酒对应糖尿病有保护作用，也就是说适量饮酒的人患糖尿病的风险低，故选 A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol (白藜芦醇)， a
compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.” (此外，三年前的一项研究表明，葡萄和红葡萄酒中
存在的一种化合物白藜芦醇会破坏脂肪细胞。0由此可知接下来就会证明这一理论的正确性，故选 C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it
contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a diet.”（一直以来，人们都认为
酒精会让人发胖，因为它含有大量的糖分，但最新研究表明，每天一杯酒可以成为饮食的一部分。)由此可
知，本篇文章都在叙述与之相关的研究，那么这篇文章最有可能来自科学杂志上，故选 C。
【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作意图等。以推
断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑
推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含 infer（推断），suggest（暗示），
imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断，得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然
后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从
而理解作者的言外之意。如小题 3，根据文章最后一段“What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that
resveratrol (白藜芦醇)， a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.” 此外，三年前的一项研
究表明，葡萄和红葡萄酒中存在的一种化合物白藜芦醇会破坏脂肪细胞。由此可知接下来就会证明这一理
论的正确性，故选 C。
D
The sun appears to experience far fewer changes in brightness and intensity than other stars like it.
Researchers reported last week on their examination of 369 stars. They compared each one to the sun in terms of
surface temperature, size and rotation. They found that on average, the other stars had five times more brightness
variability than our sun.
The lead author was Timo Reinhold, an astronomer with the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
in Germany. He told the Reuters news agency that the variability in brightness results from dark spots on the
surface of the star moving in and out of view.
“A direct measure of solar activity is the number of sunspots on the surface,” Reinhold said. “Finding such
stars with very similar parameters as our sun but being five times more variable was surprising.”
The sun —made up mainly of hydrogen and helium—is an average-sized star that formed more than 4.5
billion years ago. It stretches about 1.4 million kilometers across and has a surface temperature of 5,500 degrees
Celsius.
The researchers compared scientific data on the similar stars to historical records of the sun’s activity. The
records included about 400 years of observational data on sunspots. The researchers also studied about 9,000 years
of data based on chemical element variants in tree rings and ice buildup tied to solar activity. These records show
the sun has not been much more active than it is now.
The researchers said increased magnetic activity related to sunspots can lead to electromagnetic events that
effect Earth. For example, large releases of plasma—a collection of charged particles—from outer areas of the
sun’s atmosphere could cause problems for satellites and other communications equipment.
The discovery may be good news for life on Earth Amuch more active sun might have had more major effects
on Earth’s geology and ancient climate. “A ‘too active’ star would definitively change the conditions for life on the
planet, so living with a quite boring star is not the worst option,” Reinhold said.
The findings, he noted, do not rule out the possibility that the sun may be in a quiet period and could become
more variable in the future. However, the researchers say there are no signs that solar activity will be increasing any
time soon.
12. According to Timo Reinhold, what causes the variability in brightness of the sun?
A. Hydrogen and helium in the sun.
B. The surface temperature of the sun.
C. The diameter (直径) of the sun.
D. Dark spots on its outer part.
13. Which of the following helped researchers prove the sun’s inactivity?
A. Scientific data of all the other stars.
B. Data of sunspots observed in the past 400 years.
C. 9,000 years of data of the activities of the sun.
D. Data of chemical element variants in icy trees.
14. What will probably happen if the sun becomes very active?
A. There will be a decreased magnetic activity.
B. The geology and climate of the Earth will be different.
C. Satellites and other communications equipment will work better.
D. People on the Earth have to live with the quite boring star.
15. What is the best title of this article?
A. The sun: less active than similar stars
B. The sun: less bright and intense than before
C. Sun spots: a direct measure of solar activity
D. Sun spots: the cause of electromagnetic events on Earth
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了与其他的恒星相比，太阳在亮度和强度的变化上要少得多。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The lead author was Timo Reinhold, an astronomer with the Max Planck Institute
for Solar System Research in Germany. He told the Reuters news agency that the variability in brightness results
from dark spots on the surface of the star moving in and out of view.”（该研究的第一作者是德国马克斯·普朗克
太阳系研究所的天文学家蒂莫·莱茵霍尔德(Timo Reinhold)。他告诉路透社，亮度的变化是由于恒星表面的
暗斑进出视线所致。）可知，根据蒂莫·莱因霍尔德的说法，其外部的黑点导致了太阳亮度的变化。故选 D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The researchers compared scientific data on the similar stars to historical records of
the sun’s activity. The records included about 400 years of observational data on sunspots….These records show
the sun has not been much more active than it is now.”（研究人员将类似恒星的科学数据与太阳活动的历史记录
进行了比较。这些记录包括了大约 400年的太阳黑子观测数据。研究人员还研究了约 9000年的数据，这些
数据基于树木年轮的化学元素变化以及与太阳活动有关的冰层堆积。这些记录表明，太阳并没有比现在更
活跃。）可知，过去 400年来观测到的太阳黑子的数据帮助研究人员证明了太阳并不活跃。故选 B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“The discovery may be good news for life on Earth A much more active sun
might have had more major effects on Earth’s geology and ancient climate.”（这一发现对地球上的生命来说可能
是个好消息，一个更加活跃的太阳可能会对地球的地质和古代气候产生更大的影响。）可推知，如果太阳变
得非常活跃，地球的地质和气候将会不同。故选 B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The sun appears to experience far fewer changes in brightness and intensity than
other stars like it. Researchers reported last week on their examination of 369 stars. They compared each one to the
sun in terms of surface temperature, size and rotation. They found that on average, the other stars had five times
more brightness variability than our sun.”（与其他类似的恒星相比，太阳在亮度和强度上的变化要少得多。研
究人员上周报告了他们对 369颗恒星的检测结果。他们将它们的表面温度、大小和旋转度与太阳进行了比
较。他们发现，平均而言，其他恒星的亮度变异性是太阳的 5倍。）可知，文章主要讲述了太阳比类似的恒
星活跃度低。故选 A。
第二节(共 5小题，每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are people less or more happy when they get older? A study in 2018 found that people generally
become/happier and experience less worry after age 50. In fact, it found that by the age of 85, people are happier
with their life than they were at 18.
Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York
led the-study. His team found that levels of stress were the highest among adults between the ages of 22 and
25.____16____
Happiness was the highest among the youngest adults and those in their early 70s. But the people least likely
to report feeling negative emotions were those in their 70s and 80s.
The survey also found that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older.____17____
The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children , being unemployed or being
single. But, they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.
___18___ One theory is that, as people get older, they become more than thankful for what they have and have
better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experience.
___19___ In another study, people in their 80s reported the fewest problems with the quality of their sleep.
The original goal was to confirm the popular belief that aging is connected with increased sleep
problems.____20____But except for that, people reported that they felt their sleep quality improved as they got
older.
A. Stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their 50s.
B. So why will happiness increase with age?
C. Researchers surveyed more than 150,000 American adults.
D. At that time, the people were between the ages of 18 and 85.
E. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.
F. Happiness is not the only thing that apparently improves with age.
G. The survey did find an increase during middle age, especially in women.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论人们在年老之后更多快乐更少担心，幸福感有所增加的现象。
【16题详解】
上文“His team found that levels of stress were the highest among adults between the ages of 22 and 25.(他的团队
发现 22到 25岁的成年人的压力水平最高)”说明 22到 25岁的成年人的压力水平最高，选项 A“50岁以后，
人们的压力水平急剧下降”承接上文做出压力水平的结论。上文中 levels of stress和选项中 Stress levels谈论
对象一致。故选 A项。
【17题详解】
上文“The survey also found that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older.(调查还发
现，随着年龄的增长，男性和女性有着相似的情绪模式)”说明随着年龄的增长，男女有着相似的情绪模式，
选项 E“然而，所有年龄段的女性都比男性表现出更多的悲伤、压力和担忧”承接上文，转折语义，说明女
性和男性的不同，上文 men和 women和选项中 women和 men谈论对象一致。故选 E项。
【18题详解】
下文“One theory is that, as people get older, they become more than thankful for what they have and have better
control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experience.(有一种理论认为，随着年龄的
增长，人们对自己所拥有的东西越来越感恩，并且能够更好地控制自己的情绪。他们也花更少的时间去思
考糟糕的经历)”说明随着年龄增长人们越来越快乐的原因是感恩，更好地控制情绪，更少思考糟糕的经历，
选项 B“那么为什么幸福感会随着年龄的增长而增加呢？”位于段首，提出为什么幸福随年龄增加而增加
的问题，符合题意。故选 B项。
【19题详解】
下文“In another study, people in their 80s reported the fewest problems with the quality of their sleep.(在另一项
研究中，80多岁的人报告说他们的睡眠质量问题最少)”说明 80 多岁的人有睡眠质量问题少的好处，选项
F“幸福感并不是唯一随着年龄增长而提高的东西。”位于段首，说明幸福感不是年龄增长的唯一的优势，
引领下文，下文说出年龄增高后的又一优势。故选 F项。
【20题详解】
上 文 “The original goal was to confirm the popular belief that aging is connected with increased sleep
problems.(最初的目标是证实人们普遍认为的老化与增加的睡眠问题有关)”说明老化与增加的睡眠问题有
关， 选项 G“调查确实发现，在中年人群中，尤其是女性中，这一比例有所上升。”顺承上文，做了更具
体的进一步说明。下文“But except for that, people reported that they felt their sleep quality improved as they got
older.(但是除此之外，人们报告说随着年龄的增长，他们的睡眠质量有所提高)”与之有转折关系。故选 G
项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 30分)
第一节(共 15小题；每小题 1分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
When young, I loved going on trail runs. It was my favorite way to ____21____ stress. So, when I was back in
my hometown after a ____22____ first year of my Ph. D. program. I thought a trail run was just what I needed. But
instead of helping me relax, the run did just the ____23____.
After I moved to the city for college, where my runs were on flat concrete paths instead of ____24____ dirt
trails, I used a GPS watch. When I went on trail runs again in the country, it constantly reminded me of the fact that
I wasn’t ____25____ up with my usual pace. I ____26____ my watch, thinking that would allow me to enjoy my
____27____ and find the peace I expected, but I found myself under performing. “Why can’t I let go and just enjoy
myself?” I wondered. But after some ____28____, I realized why I was ____29____ both on trail runs and in
graduate school.
Going into my Ph.D., I had thought that I would do well. To my surprise, I was wrong. I
_____30_____confidence in my research abilities which I-thought stopped me performing well and I constantly felt
my progress was too slow. Other students’ self-confidence and their excellent results made me feel _____31_____.
Then came my visit home. I was having _____32_____ because I hadn’t properly _____33_____ my
expectations to the differences between an urban run and a trail run.
A Ph. D. is like a trail run. Sometimes you can run fast. Sometimes you might climb at snail’s pace. And that’s
OK. Barriers are _____34_____. Sometimes it’s best to take a deep breath and do your best to _____35_____ the
challenge.
21. A. accept B. expose C. escape D. rescue
22. A. magical B. normal C. fast D. tough
23. A. odd B. same C. opposite D. extreme
24. A. winding B. similar C. safe D. transparent
25. A. coming B. keeping C. breaking D. linking
26. A. cut off B. put off C. set off D. turned off
27. A. investments B. surroundings C. investigations D. associations
28. A. motivation B. imagination C. reflection D. determination
29. A. struggling B. running C. talking D. trembling
30. A. ended B. enriched C. missed D. lacked
31. A. indifferent B. incredible C. insecure D. inconsiderate
32. A. trouble B. complaint C. fun D. battle
33. A. adjusted B. devoted C. owed D. contributed
34. A. unreal B. unavoidable C. unlimited D. unacceptable
35. A. recognize B. border C. prepare D. embrace
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31.
C 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在读博士的过程中缺乏自信，当回到家乡为了减压跑步的时
候悟出了一个道理，就是困难是不可避免的，因此要尽最大的努力去接受挑战。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我最喜欢的逃避压力的方式。A. accept接受；B. expose揭露，揭发；C. escape
逃跑；D. rescue救援。根据后文的“helping me relax”可知，跑步是我最喜欢的减压的方式，因此空格处是
“逃避”。故选 C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我完成博士学位第一年的艰苦学习回到家乡时，我认为试跑正是我
所需要的。A. magical魔术的，有魔力的；B. normal正常的；C. fast快的；D. tough艰难的。根据后文的“helping
me relax”可知，作者想通过跑步来放松，因此第一年的博士课程学得很艰难，因此空格处是“艰难的”。
故选 D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是跑步不但没有帮助我放松，反而适得其反。A. odd怪的；B. same相同的；
C. opposite 相反的；D. extreme 极端的，极度的。根据前文的“But instead of helping me relax”中 but表转折
可知，空格处是“相反的”。故选 C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我搬到城市上大学后，我的跑步路线是在平坦的混凝土路上，而不是在蜿
蜒的土路上，我使用了 GPS 手表。A. winding 蜿蜒曲折的；B. similar相似的；C. safe安全的；D. transparent
透明的，显然的。根据“When I went on trail runs again in the country”可知，农村的路是蜿蜒的土路。故选
A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我再次在乡间进行越野跑步时，它不断提醒我一个事实，那就是我没有跟上
我平时的速度。A. coming 来；B. keeping 保持；C. breaking 打破；D. linking连接。根据上文语境可知，他
在乡间跑的时候因为是蜿蜒的土路，所以速度不像平时那么快，因此是没有跟上平时的速度，keep up with
为固定短语，意为“跟上”。故选 B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我关掉了手表，以为这样我就能享受周围的环境，找到我所期望的平静，但我
发现自己表现不佳。A. cut off切断；B. put off推迟；C. set off出发；D. turned off关闭。根据上文语境和
“thinking that would allow me to enjoy my (7) ”可知，他在城市里跑步的时候会戴 GPS手表，因此在乡
间跑的时候会关掉手表。故选 D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. investments投资；B. surroundings 环境；C. investigations调查；D. associations
联合。根据前文的“in the country”可知，作者在乡间跑步，因此是欣赏周围的环境。故选 B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但经过一番思考后，我意识到我为什么这么挣扎——不管是在小路上跑还是在
研究生院。A. motivation 动机；B. imagination 想象力；C. reflection 反射，沉思；D. determination决定。根
据后文的“I realized why I was (9) ”可知，作者是在经过一番思考后才意识到的。故选 C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. struggling 努力，挣扎；B. running跑步；C. talking谈话；D. trembling颤
抖。根据“both on trail runs and in graduate school”可知，作者在乡间跑步时表现不佳，上文也说到艰难的
博士课程，因此作者是在挣扎。故选 A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对自己的研究能力缺乏信心，我认为这阻碍了我的表现，我经常感到我的进
展太慢。A. ended结束；B. enriched使丰富；C. missed思念，错过；D. lacked 缺乏。根据“stopped me performing
well”可知，应该是我缺乏自信阻碍了我的表现。故选 D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他同学的自信和优秀的成绩让我感到不安全。A. indifferent冷淡的，漠不关
心的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. insecure 不安全的；D. inconsiderate考虑不周的。根据前文“我缺乏自
信”可知，因为他自己缺乏自信，所以别人的自信应该是会让他没有安全感，空格处是“不安全的”。故
选 C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到了麻烦，因为我没有适当调整我的预期，以适应城市跑和小路上跑之间
的差异。A. trouble麻烦；B. complaint抱怨；C. fun乐趣，快乐；D. battle战斗。根据“because I hadn’t properly
____13____ my expectations to the differences between an urban run and a trail run.”可知，作者没有适当调整
自己的预期，以适应城市跑和小路上跑之间的差异，作者遇到了麻烦。故选 A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. adjusted调整；B. devoted献身，致力于；C. owned欠；D. contributed捐
助。根据“the differences between an urban run and a trail run.”可知，作者没有适当调整自己的预期。
adjust...to...适应……，固定短语。故选 A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：困难是不可避免的。A. unreal不真实的；B. unavoidable不可避免的；C. unlimited
无限制的；D. unacceptable不能接受的。根据常识，人生路上的障碍是不可避免的。故选 B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候最好的办法是深呼吸，尽你最大的努力去迎接挑战。A. recognize 认出，
识别；B. border接近，与……接壤；C. prepare准备；D. embrace拥抱，接受。根据“Barriers are (14) ”
和“take a deep breath and do your best”可知，困难是不可避免的，因此要尽最大的努力去迎接挑战，因此
空格处是“接受”。故选 D。
第二节 (共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Charlie Chaplin is absolutely a master of nonverbal humour, who made people happy. However, his life was
anything ____36____ easy. He was born in a poor family in 1889. His parents were both poor performers, and it is
astonishing that Charlie was taught ____37____ (sing) as soon as he could speak and dance, as soon as he could
walk. ____38____ (fortune), his father died, leaving the family even ____39____ (bad) off. By his teens, Charlie
____40____ (become) one of the most popular child actors in England.
With time ____41____ (go) by, he began making films. His charming character made the audience laugh at a
time ____42____ they felt depressed. He brightened the ____43____ (life) of Americans and British through two
world wars and the hard years in between. Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he starred
____44____ Because of his outstanding performance, in 1972 he ____45____ (award) a special Oscar and
remembered forever. To this day, Charlie Chaplin is still considered as one of the greatest actors in the history of
the cinema.
【答案】36. but
37. to sing
38. Unfortunately
39. worse 40. had become
41. going 42. when
43. lives 44. in
45. was awarded
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了著名喜剧大师卓别林的生平及贡献。
【36题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：然而，他的生活一点也不轻松。根据句意以及短语“anything but easy绝非易事”可
知，该空应填 but。故填 but。
【37题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他的父母都是贫穷的表演者，令人惊讶的是，查理刚会说话，就被教唱歌，刚会
走路，就被教跳舞。根据句意以及固定用法“be taught to do sth 被教去做某事”可知，该空应填不定式 to
sing。故填 to sing。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：不幸的是，他的父亲去世了，留下的家庭更加糟糕。空处修饰后面整个句子，应用副词，
且“his father died”是不好的事情，因此用 Unfortunately表示“不幸地”。故填 Unfortunately。
【39题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：不幸的是，他的父亲去世了，留下的家庭更加糟糕。根据前文“his father died”
和“even”可知，该空应用比较级，bad的比较级为 worse。故填 worse。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在他十几岁的时候，查理已经成为英国最受欢迎的童星之一。根据文中主要时态为
一般过去时以及时间状语“By his teens”可知，这里表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时（had done），become
的过去分词为 become。故填 had become。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的流逝，他开始拍电影。分析句子结构可知，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”
结构，且 time与 go 之间是主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式作宾补。故填 going。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当观众感到沮丧的时候，他迷人的角色让他们笑了起来。分析句子结构可知，空处
引导定语从句，并在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词 a time ，应用 when引导。故填 when。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：他在两次世界大战和其间的艰难岁月里，照亮了美国人和英国人的生活。根据 of Americans
and British可知，照亮了美国人和英国人的生活，life 应用复数 lives。故填 lives。
【44题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：查理·卓别林自编自导自演了他主演的电影。根据句意以及短语“star in主演”可知，
该空应填 in。故填 in。
【45题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：由于他出色的表演，1972年他被授予奥斯卡特别奖，并被永远铭记。根据
时间状语 in 1972可知，此处应用一般过去时 ，又因主语 he与 award是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被
动语态 was awarded ，表示“被授予”。故填 was awarded。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分)
第一节 (满分 15分)
46. 假定你是你校“英美文学社”的负责人。请你写一则启事，发布到学校英文小报，介绍该社团并欢迎大家
加入，内容包括：
1、社团成立的时间和目的；
2、社团日常活动；
3、呼吁大家加入社团。
注意：1、写作词数应为 80左右；
2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：英美文学社 the English Literature Society
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear fellow students,
I'm honored to introduce the English Literature Society to you.
Founded in 2013, the English Literature Society of our school enjoys a good reputation with the aim of
providing a platform for poetry lovers to learn English and to appreciate the beauty of this form of literature.Every
Tuesday afternoon, a variety of meaningful activities are available, ranging from lectures by renowned professors
to inspiring group discussions on classic English poems.
This society is undoubtedly your best choice to improve your English and enrich your school life! Just contact
us soon!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学校英文小报写一则启事，介绍社团并欢迎大家加入。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 介绍社团成立的时间和目的；
2. 介绍社团日常活动;
3. 呼吁大家加入社团。
第二步:列提纲（重点词组）
be honored to do.; introduce sth. to sb.; enjoy a good reputation; with the aim of providing a platform; appreciate
the beauty; a variety of meaningful activities; range from; inspire group discussions on classic English poems;
enrich your school life
第三步：连词成句
1.I'm honored to introduce the English Literature Society to you.
2.Founded in 2013, the English Literature Society of our school enjoys a good reputation with the aim of providing
a platform for poetry lovers to learn English and to appreciate the beauty of this form of literature.
3.Every Tuesday afternoon, a variety of meaningful activities are available, ranging from lectures by renowned
professors to inspiring group discussions on classic English poems.
4.This society is undoubtedly your best choice to improve your English and enrich your school life!
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all（供参考）
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, In addition（供参考）
3.表因果关系：So, Thus（供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Founded in 2013, the English Literature Society of our school enjoys a good reputation with
the aim of providing a platform for poetry lovers to learn English and to appreciate the beauty of this form of
literature.（过去分词作状语和 with复合结构）
[高分句型 2] Every Tuesday afternoon, a variety of meaningful activities are available, ranging from lectures by
renowned professors to inspiring group discussions on classic English poems.（现在分词作状语）
第二节(满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Walter John was a 20-year-old college student from Homewood, Alabama. As a young man in college far
away from home, he didn’t have much money. He had to work part-time to cover his living costs.
Recently he gave up his part-time job in the fast-food business and found a new one at a home-moving
company called Bellhops. The pay for his new job was higher, and John gained more flexibility with his hours,
which allowed him to focus on his studies a bit more. He wanted to do everything he could to secure this new
employment opportunity, so he thought he had to try his best to make sure that everything would go well on his
first day!
But sometimes, life hits you unexpectedly. A day before John began his new job, his car broke down! With
little money to his name, he couldn’t have his car repaired at the garage. None of his friends were able to take
him to work. What was worse, the public transportation was not running at his working time. If he took a taxi, it
would cost him half his salary.
Therefore, he decided to walk to the company.
In order to get there by six in the morning, he thought that the safest way would be to leave at midnight.
John even challenged himself to arrive there one hour earlier. Even though it seemed like such a far walk, John
knew he was fit enough to do it. This was challenging, but John knew it was possible.
He grabbed his wallet and his phone and left his apartment. As soon as he stepped out of the door, he
realized that walking alone in the dark at midnight can be dangerous. Moreover, he had to walk through a large
wood as well as many blocks of the city. Therefore, he went back to take a bat (球棒) and a kitchen knife for
safety purposes. In case a wild animal or some bad person attacked him, at least he would have something for
protection.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally John started his long walk.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
At that time, a car was drawing closer.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Finally John started his long walk. A few hours into the trek, he saw eyes in the distance, so he grabbed his bat
before realizing it was just a stray dog. He walked across the street, hoping the dog wouldn’t bother him, and he
also picked up a ball and threw it in the opposite direction. It worked. John walked for three hours straight and
felt great about it. His legs burned a bit, but another three hours would hurt him. He thought a quick rest could
give him more energy, so it was a calculated decision to take a break.
Paragraph 2:
At that time, a car was drawing closer. When the driver, Mark, pulled up to John, he rolled down the window and
asked why he was all alone in the morning on the road. John told the Mark what he was doing. Impressed by his
story, Mark offered to give him a lift. Thanks to Mark’s help, John managed to make it to the destination at 5:30.
With the sun peeking over the horizon, John’s face glowed with gratitude. Feeling energetic, he couldn’t wait to
get started.
Version 2:
Paragraph 1:
Finally John started his long walk. He walked nonstop and soon he was deep in the forest. Apart from the creepy
cry from owls and the rustling of trees, the wood was in a deathly silence. Unconsciously, he quickened up and
held onto the bat tightly. Abruptly, a terrible howl, from what sounded like a wolf, broke the silence and startled
him. He jumped up and ran as fast as his legs could carry him. He didn’t stop running until he saw a flash of light
at a distance, moving quickly towards him.
Paragraph 2:
At that time, a car was drawing closer. At the sight of John, the driver slowed down and stopped. He asked
cautiously, “What are you doing here at this time?” Hearing that there were probably wolves in the forest ahead,
the man immediately urged John to get in and turned around the car. After John told the man why he was in the
wood, the man burst into laughter, “I know your company, young man. I’m the boss. You see, I was just off work
when you went to work. Now, would you like to have breakfast together?”
【解析】
【分析】本文以故事发展顺序为线索展开。文章讲述了一名叫做沃尔特·约翰的穷学生不得不做兼职工作
以支付生活费用。为了提高收入，他换了一份工作。在第一天上班时，因为自己汽车抛锚和公共交通停运，
他不得不午夜开始步行去上班。在他走得筋疲力尽感到腿疼时，一位好心的司机搭载了他，这让他没有迟
到并备受鼓舞。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“最后约翰开始了他的长途行走。”可知，第一段可描写约翰在长途步行时的感受
②由第二段首句内容“这时，一辆车开得越来越近。”可知，第二段可描写这位车主上前询问后搭载了约
翰一程以及约翰在受到帮助时的内心感受。
2.续写线索：决定长途步行去上班——很累——想休息但又怕迟到——过路司机提供帮助——感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.横穿：walk across/ go across
②.设法做某事：manage to do/try one’s best to do
情绪类
①.感谢：thanks to one’s help/with gratitude/
②.积极：feel energetic/can’t wait to do
【点睛】[高分句型 1]. John told the Mark what he was doing.（由连接代词 what引导的宾语从句作 told的宾
语）
[高分句型 2]. Feeling energetic, he couldn’t wait to get started.（现在分词作状语）
[高分句型 3]. With the sun peeking over the horizon, John’s face glowed with gratitude.（with复合结构作状语）
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