2021届上学期全国2卷高三期末备考金卷 英语（A卷）含答案与解析

2020-2021 学年上学期高三期末备考金卷 英 语 （A） 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码 粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑， 写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿 纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段 对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do at 8:00? A. Work in the office. B. Have dinner with Mike. C. Go out with the woman. 2. What does the woman dislike about the shirt? A. The color. B. The design. C. The price. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Gary’s works. B. Gary’s application. C. Gary’s list of samples. 4. What did the man plan to do on March 1st? A. Attend some classes. B. Call the travel agent. C. Go to the mountains. 5. Why does Amy plan to go to Rome? A. To work. B. To travel. C. To study. 第二节（共 15小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 22.5分） 听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选 岀最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将 给岀 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第 6和第 7两个小题。 6. What course won’t the girl attend? A. African music. B. Business. C. Basic Spanish. 7. On which days does the girl have advanced piano classes? A. Mondays. B. Tuesdays. C. Thursdays. 听下面一段对话，回答第 8至第 10三个小题。 8. Who is the man probably? A. A travel agent. B. The woman’s friend. C. A hotel receptionist. 9. Where will the woman probably go? A. France. B. Spain. C. Greece. 10. What do we know about The Hotel Playa? A. It is a five-star hotel. B. It has its own beach. C. It has a swimming pool. 听下面一段对话，回答第 11至第 13三个小题。 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 班 级 姓 名 准 考 证 号 考 场 号 座 位 号 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 班 级 姓 名 准 考 证 号 考 场 号 座 位 号 11. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a shop. B. At home. C. At a TV station. 12. What does Bob like doing? A. Playing tennis. B. Taking photos. C. Riding bikes. 13. What did the woman dream of being? A. A shop owner. B. A bank clerk. C. A tennis player. 听下面一段对话，回答第 14至第 17四个小题。 14. How long has Louise been working at the center? A. About six months. B. About one year. C. About two years. 15. How did Louise feel when she started working at the center? A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Confident. 16. What is the most fruitful part of the job? A. Seeing children have a lot of fun. B. Thinking of new things for children to do. C. Helping the less able children achieve more. 17. What does Louise say about working at night? A. It’s unfair for her to do it. B. It’s something that she enjoys. C. It’s a necessary part of the job. 听下面一段独白，回答第 18至第 20三个小题。 18. What organizations used to have a lot of power? A. Newspapers and publishers. B. Universities and libraries. C. Digital companies. 19. Why do many city people prefer e-books? A. They are cheaper. B. They are more portable. C. They are more available. 20. What can we learn about Border’s Group? A. They were bought by a tech company. B. They used to have more than 600 stores. C. They made billions of dollars this year. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。 A Hundreds of years ago, news was carried from place to place by people on foot or by horse. It took days, weeks and sometimes months for people to receive news. Now it is possible to send words and pictures around the world in seconds. Billions of people learn about news stories of their own country and all over the world every day, either by watching TV or reading newspapers. Newspapers have been an important part of everyday life since the 18th century. Many countries have hundreds of different newspapers. How do newspaper editors decide which news stories to print? Why do they print some stories and not others? What makes a good newspaper story? Firstly, it is important to report new stories. TV stations can report news much faster than newspapers. Yet, newspapers give more about the same story. They may also look at the story in another way, or they may print completely different stories to those on TV. Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don’t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news. For example, newspapers never print stories about planes landing safely; instead they print stories about plane accidents. Another factor is also very important in many news stories. Many people are interested in news in foreign countries, but more prefer to read stories about people, places and events in their own country. So the stories on the front page in Chinese newspapers are usually very different from the ones in British, French and American newspapers. 21. According to the passage, how do people learn about news stories in the world now? A. They carry news stories and tell others from place to place on foot or by horse. B. They tell each other what they have seen with their eyes. C. They watch TV or read newspapers. D. They listen to the radio every day. 22. The difference between newspaper stories and TV news reports is that _______. A. people can learn more about the same news story from a newspaper B. people can read the news story more quickly in a newspaper C. people can read news stories in other countries D. people can read news stories about their own country 23. According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV? A. You often play football with your friends after school. B. Your teacher has got a cold. C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn’t been caught. D. The bike in front of your house is lost. B I was born free — free in every way that I could know. I was only when I began to learn that my boyhood freedom was an illusion(幻想), when I discovered as a young man that my freedom had already been taken from me, that I began to hunger for it. At first, as a student, I wanted freedom only for myself, the short freedom of being able to stay out at night, read what I pleased, and go where I chose. Later, as a young man in Johannesburg, I strongly desired for the basic and honorable freedom of achieving my goals, of earning my keep, of marrying and having a family. But then I slowly saw that not only was I not free, but my brothers and sisters were not free. I saw that it was not just my freedom that was reduced but the freedom of everyone who looked like me was. That is when I joined the African National Congress, and that is when the hunger for my own freedom became the greater hunger for the freedom of my people. It was during those long and lonely years in prison that my hunger for the freedom of my own people became a hunger for the freedom of all people, white and black. Some say my mission has now been achieved. But I know that that is not the case. The truth is that we are not yet free; we have only achieved the freedom to be free, the right not to be oppressed. We have not taken the final step of our journey. I have walked that long road to freedom. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb. I have taken a moment here to rest to look back on the distance I have come. But I can rest only for a moment, for freedom comes with responsibility. 24. What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the first paragraph? A. He cared much about the freedom of himself. B. He made up his mind to fight for the freedom of his people. C. His freedom didn’t exist any longer. D. His freedom came as a great surprise. 25. What can we learn from the passage? A. As a student, the author struggled for freedom for all people. B. The author’s dream came true after he was set free. C. The author was luckier in his earlier life. D. There was still a long way to go to achieve the author’s goal. 26. The “secret” in the last paragraph essentially refers to ________. A. a great hill B. his family’s affairs C. his further responsibilities D. his desire for freedom 27. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell readers the author’s struggling for freedom. B. To introduce what freedom is. C. To claim the rude treatment to a person. D. To require us to change ideas if necessary. C Street art is visual art created in public places, usually outside of traditional art venues. The term became popular during the graffiti(涂鸦 ) art boom of the early 1980s. The average person on the street would associate street art with run-down urban centers and New York’s graffiti explosion of the 1970s and 1980s. During that period, graffiti artists often painted subways, benches, and other urban surfaces. But artists who choose the streets as their gallery often do so because they prefer to communicate directly with the public at large and be free from the confinement of the formal art world. Therefore, most major cities now have what is called a “wall of fame” — a public space where street artists come to paint, compete, and connect with other artists Located near Dubai International Airport, Dubai Festival City, for example, was host to street art from 2007 to 2011. At an event sponsored by Montana, a popular spray paint brand, a wall was designated as a canvas for international artists to work on. After the event, officials allowed the wall to remain, and creative art workers would get together there every weekend. Since then, Dubai has made a name for itself in the art world. It has a respected annual art fair called Art Dubai, which, having celebrated its thirteenth year in March 2019, is widely regarded as one of the highlights of the Middle East’s art calendar. The street art scene in Dubai operates with the approval of the authorities. Planned works on buildings or murals painted on wood panels are beginning to pop up on blank walls and at art events all over the city, thanks largely to the support of art galleries and institutions. Corporate collaborations, though frowned(皱 眉) upon by some artists, are also helping to make street art more visible in Dubai. 28. Why would artists choose the streets over traditional art galleries to exhibit their work? A. It is very expensive to have their work displayed in art galleries. B. They can talk to other artists from around the world on the streets. C. They can more freely express their concepts of art through street art. D. It is more fun to paint on surfaces like park benches and blank walls. 29. What does “Corporate collaborations, though frowned upon by some artists” mean in the last paragraph? A. Some artists think corporate collaborations make street art visible. B. Some artists regard corporate collaborations as a promotional activity. C. Some artists don’t approve of the idea of collaborating with corporations. D. Some artists don’t like those art galleries that are supported by corporations. 30. Why is Dubai mentioned in the passage? A. To introduce a new art form. B. To promote the Dubai Festival City. C. To explain how to do street art. D. To illustrate a recent trend in street art 31. What is the author’s attitude toward street art? A. Doubtful. B. Reserved. C. Welcoming. D. Disapproving. D Terribly hot weather. Pouring downpours. Scientists have long suspected that global warming can cause extreme weather events. Now experts have numbers to support that idea. The burning of fossil fuels has been leading to a build-up of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere. This CO2 is a greenhouse gas. That means it can trap heat in the air. As a result, our planet’s temperature has been rising. And this global warming will account for a growing share of ever more frequent extreme weather events. Many governments hope to limit global warming to 2 degrees Celsius above temperatures that were typical before the Industrial Revolution. It will be hard for nations to achieve that. But even if they do, global warming still will be responsible for nearly all heat extremes. Global warming will also be to blame for about 2 out of every 5 extreme rains and snowfalls. “This is a considerable fraction(分数 ) of major weather events,” says climate scientist Peter Stott. So far, the Earth has warmed about 0.85 degree Celsius since 1750. That’s about when the Industrial Revolution got its start. That’s also when fossil fuel use took off, spewing(喷出) lots of CO2 into the air. “Overall, the new study shows that relatively small rises in the global temperature translate into large increases in the likelihood of extremes,” Stott says. Erich Fischer and Reto Knutti analyzed 25 different computer models of global climate. These analyses looked at different climate periods, from preindustrial times to the present. The analyses also predicted what weather events were likely to be like in the future. This period was predicted to be warmer by 2 and 3 degrees Celsius. The computer looked at when extreme heat and precipitation(降水量) occurred during each climate period. It focused on events of unusual heat or heavy precipitation. Before the Industrial Revolution, such extremes typically would have occurred only once in every 1,000 days. “But since the globe has been warming, such extremes are no longer nearly as rare. These new findings provide a global statement,” Fischer says. “You can still get the biggest heat that you have ever seen without any human changes.” 32. The second paragraph is mainly about ________. A. what damage global warming caused B. how global warming came into being C. where global warming is becoming serious D. why fossil fuels have to be forbidden 33. What Peter said in Para. 3 suggests that ________. A. it is reasonable for climate change to happen B. there is no serious effect of global warming now C. the influence of global warming is great D. the extreme weather happens in small numbers 34. In the future, the temperature may rise at least by ________ degrees Celsius. A. 2.5 B. 3 C. 4 D. 2 35. According to the passage, extreme weather ________. A. will happen more often than before B. happens once in every 1,000 days C. strikes every region without differences D. becomes a rare phenomenon across the planet 第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2分，满分 10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A healthy lifestyle is one that is full of healthy choices and behavior. It helps you keep physical and mental health and helps you live longer. Generally speaking, the factors that contribute to a healthy lifestyle may include physical activity, a healthy diet, low stress and healthy habits. 36 37 It helps to reduce your risk of diseases, such as cancer, and diabetes, and helps you control your weight. In children, physical activity also builds confidence. As part of a healthy lifestyle, adults should take part in moderate(适度的) aerobic exercises and muscle-strengthening activities regularly. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends at least 150 minutes of aerobic activity per week, such as walking, bicycling, playing tennis, swimming or aerobics. Eating a healthy diet can help you prevent disease and keep a healthy weight. This means eating a range of whole foods from the different food groups. Overall, a healthy diet is high in plant-based foods and low in sugary and high fat foods. Meat can be part of a healthy diet if it is eaten in moderation. 38 Although stress is a natural human reaction designed to keep you out of danger, there are negative health consequences to dealing with long term stress. 39 In order to manage your stress, you need to learn what causes it and how you can deal with it. Ways to deal with unavoidable stress include exercise and talking to family or friends. A healthy lifestyle includes healthy habits. This means protecting your skin from the sun, getting regular health check-ups and avoiding substance abuse. Smoking and tobacco use are unhealthy because they increase your risk of diseases such as cancer and heart disease. 40 It can damage your liver, cause cancer and hurt loved ones. A. Your lifestyle should support a healthy weight, so remain active daily. B. These factors help reduce the risk of diseases and increase your quality of life. C. For a longer and better life, put together your plan for a healthy lifestyle. D. Eating a wide variety of healthy food will help cover your nutritional(营养的) needs. E. Physical activity is a key part of becoming and staying healthy. F. Drinking too much alcohol is also an unhealthy habit. G. Preventing and managing stress is important if you want to live a healthy lifestyle. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The reusing trend continues to gain steam in countries all over the globe. Now, there is a shopping mall that is full of 41 stores only. ReTuna, a two-story complex in Eskilstuna. Sweden, offers a wide 42 of shops with recycled goods. ReTuna has been around since 2015, and it was designed to 43 Sweden’s problem of rising 44 . This is the first mall in the world to focus on 45 shopping. The company wants to make it 46 for people to find valuable goods by putting second-hand stores under one roof 47 consumers having to 48 thrift stores(慈善商店) throughout the city. “I think it’s fun to find something that people have used, and we can use.” 49 said Cato Limas, a ReTuna customer, “If you look at the things they’re selling here, they’re almost 50 . So actually, why 51 buying new stuff?” During his first 52 to the mail. Limas 53 about $7 and came away with a bag full of toys for his newborn baby. Nearly every item on sale is from public donations, which are 54 at the mail’s drive-through depot(储藏室). The mall’s 11 stores include a furniture outlet, a bookstore and a bicycle shop. Stores that sign a contract with ReTuna must 55 to zero-waste. More than 50 people work at the complex, and it has played a role in creating 56 for immigrants in the area. ReTuna 57 adult education courses that focus on design-based recycling as well Sweden has been a longtime 58 when it comes to sustainability. More than 99 percent of the country’s ordinary household 59 is reused, and separating rubbish for recycling has been a(n) 60 practice for Swedes since the 1980s. 41. A. virtual B. electronic C. second-hand D. ever-lasting 42. A. selection B. description C. analysis D. view 43. A. operate B. handle C. challenge D. debate 44. A. energy B. stress C. crime D. consumption 45. A. annual B. regular C. sustainable D. favorite 46. A. earlier B. easier C. better D. smaller 47. A. as to B. regardless of C. thanks to D. instead of 48. A. look after B. take over C. search for D. put up 49. A. further B. less C. closer D. higher 50. A. rare B. new C. clean D. complete 51. A. mind B. practice C. bother D. finish 52. A. solution B. donation C. effort D. visit 53. A. cost B. spent C. rented D. took 54. A. called for B. paid off C. sent for D. dropped off 55. A. commit B. refer C. object D. admit 56. A. demand B. conflicts C. conditions D. employment 57. A. offers B. evaluates C. records D. changes 58. A. owner B. trainer C. leader D. saver 59. A. plan B. waste C. income D. business 60. A. ancient B. temporary C. international D. common 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题） 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30分） 第二节（共 10小题，每小题 1.5分，共 15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When we read a poem, we often imagine what the poets 61 (think) when they wrote or what they were doing at the time. These thoughts let us connect with the words better, as if we’d created the poem 62 (we). Will a poem still mean as much if a compute writes it? By 63 (apply) a set of programs, computers can now create all kinds of text, including research papers, books, news, stories and even poems. Computer-generated poems might be correct in both grammar and style, 64 , some say they still lack creativity and true meaning, so these poems are not 65 (value) to some degree. Oscar Schwartz, an Australian 66 (research), created a website 67 (name) “Bot or Not”. On his website, you can read poems and guess whether they 68 (write) by a human or a computer. Schwartz recently gave a speech at TEDX Sydney, in 69 he stated that some of the website’s poems were easy 70 (fool) sixty five percent of human readers. He said that on his website, he hoped people would question the difference between humans and machines and be able to identify what it is that makes us human. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处 语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10处，多者（从第 11处起）不计分。 Sometimes I feel that living in a city makes people lonely than before. People always feel strangers cannot trusted. They think this is not normal to start talking to anyone or even smile at anyone. I desire to change that. Last week, while I was skate, a man ran by, smiling at me. He said something to me about doing sports or he hoped to be able to finishing his run. I smiled back and said that he certain would. And then a family cycles by when I was in the park. One of the girl waved at me with a big smile, and I waved back enthusiastically. I do believe such small gestures can change into the world we live in. 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著。请你以“Film or book, which do you prefer?”为题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文： 1、看电影：省时、有趣、易懂； 2、读原著：细节更多、语言优美； 3、我的看法及理由。 注意： 1、词数：100左右，文章题目和开头已给出（不计入总词数）。 2、参考词汇：original work或 book in the original（原著） Film or book, which do you prefer? Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original. 2020-2021 学年上学期高三期末备考金卷 英 语（A）答 案 第Ⅰ卷（选择题） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分） 【答案】1-5 ABBCC 6-10 BAABC 11-15 ABCCB 16-20 CCABB 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） A 【答案】21-23 CAC 【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如今人们获取信息的两大媒介：报纸和电视。尤其介绍了成就好 报纸的三要素。 21.细节理解题。由第一段“Billions of people learn about news stories of their own country and all over the world every day, either by watching TV or reading newspapers.”可知，每天有数十亿人通过看 电视或读报纸来了解自己国家和世界各地的新闻故事。故 C选项正确。 22.细节理解题。由第三段“Yet, newspapers give more about the same story.”可知，报纸对于同 样的新闻报道得更详细。故 A选项正确。 23.推理判断题。由第四段“People don’t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news.”可知，人们不想读关于日常生活的故 事。因此，报纸上报道的新闻都是关于某种危险的。故 C选项正确。 B 【答案】24-27 ADCA 【解析】本文是一篇人物自传，讲述了曼德拉对自由的认识、追求，以及为获得自由而做出的不懈 努力和奋斗。 24.细节理解题。根据第一段中的 At first, as a student, I wanted freedom only for myself 以及 I strongly desired for the basic and honorable freedom of achieving my goals 可知，从学生时代起，曼德拉 就十分关心自己的自由，故 A项正确。 25.推理判断题。根据最后两段内容，特别是倒数第二段中的We have not taken the final step of our journey.可知，我们还没有踏上征程的最后一步，也就是说为了实现自己的目标，还有很长的路要走， 故 D项正确。 26.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 But I can rest only for a moment, for freedom comes with responsibility.可知，但我只能休息片刻，因为自由伴随而来的是责任，由此可知，曼德拉所说的“秘 密”指的是随着自由而来的责任，故 C项正确。 27.主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据文中多次出现的关键词 freedom可知，主要讲述了曼德 拉为追求自由而不断奋斗的事迹，故 A项正确。 C 【答案】28-31 CCDC 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了街头涂鸦艺术的起源，以及在迪拜的发展和新的趋势。 28.细节理解题。根据第一段的“But artists who choose the streets as their gallery often do so because they prefer to communicate directly with the public at large and be free from the confinement of the formal art world.”（但是，选择街道作为画廊的艺术家这样做，往往因为他们更愿意直接与广大公众沟通， 不受艺术界的限制。）可知，艺术家把街道作为画廊，是因为他们能够更自由地表达自己的想法。C 选项符合以上说法，故选 C项。 29.词句猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子可知，虽然一些艺术家不赞成企业合作，但企业合作也 有助于让街头艺术在迪拜更加显眼。即一些艺术家不赞成艺术与企业合作。故选 C项。 30.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，迪拜的街头艺术活动得到了当局的批准。在美术馆和艺术 机构的大力支持下，计划在建筑物上创作的作品，或在木板上绘制的壁画，开始出现在全城各处的 空白墙上和艺术活动上。因此，提到迪拜街头艺术是为了阐述街头艺术的一种新趋势，即街头艺术 受到相关机构和政府的支持，并与企业进行合作。故选 D项。 31.推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的“It has a respected annual art fair called Art Dubai, which, having celebrated its thirteenth year in March 2019, is widely regarded as one of the highlights of the Middle East's art calendar.”（它有一个受人尊敬的年度艺术展，名为迪拜艺术博览会， 它在 2019年 3月迎来了第 13个年头，被广泛认为是中东艺术博览会的亮点。）和最后一段的“The street art scene in Dubai operates with the approval of the authorities.”（迪拜的街头艺术活动得到了当 局的批准。）可知，整篇作者都带着欣赏的口吻来描述街头艺术，而且给予迪拜街头艺术很高的评 价，由此推测作者对街头艺术的态度是支持的/喜欢的。故选 C项（欢迎的）。 D 【答案】32-35 BCDA 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全球变暖形成的原因及其对极端天气的具体影响。 32.主旨大意题。根据第二段“As a result, our planet’s temperature has been rising.”可知前面是介 绍全球变暖的过程，故这一段主要描写了全球变暖是如何形成的，故选 B。 33.推理判断题。根据第三段中“This is a considerable fraction of major weather events”可知，Peter 认为这是一个相当大的数量，说明了全球变暖的影响是巨大的。故选 C。 34.细节理解题。结合倒数第三段最后一句“This period was predicted to be warmer by 2 and 3 degrees Celsius.”可知，未来的温度至少上升两度。故选 D。 35.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Before the Industrial Revolution, such extremes typically would have occurred only once in every 1,000 days.”和最后一段“But since the globe has been warming, such extremes are no longer nearly as rare.”可知，未来这种极端的天气会频繁发生。故选 A。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 【答案】36-40 BEDGF 【解析】这是一篇说明文。健康的生活方式能够帮助你保持身心健康，活得更久。一般来说，形成 健康生活方式的因素包括体育活动、健康的饮食、低压力和健康的习惯。文章主要从这四个方面展 开，说明了每个因素对人的身体健康的影响和好处。 36.空格上文提到了一些形成健康生活方式的因素，那么本句应当承接上文，说明这些因素给人 带来的好处。B选项中 These factors指代上文中 the factors。故 B选项（这些因素有助于降低患病风 险，提高生活质量。）符合语境，故选 B。 37.空格处为本段中心句。空格后文：它有助于降低你患癌症、糖尿病等疾病的风险，并帮助你 控制体重。对孩子来说，参加体育活动也能建立起信心。作为健康生活方式的一部分，成年人应该 定期参加中等强度的有氧运动和增强肌肉力量的活动。美国疾病控制与预防中心建议每周至少进行 150分钟的有氧运动，比如步行、骑自行车、打网球、游泳或有氧健身运动。由此可知，本段主要 说明的是体育活动对保持健康的重要作用。故 E选项（参加体育活动是变得健康和保持健康的关键。） 符合语境，故选 E。 38.根据本段第一句（健康的饮食可以帮助你预防疾病，保持体重均衡。）以及空格前文（总的 来说，健康的饮食应该多吃植物性食物，少吃含糖和高脂肪的食物，但可以适量食用肉类。）可知， 本段说明的是饮食对健康的作用。故 D选项（吃各种各样的健康食物有助于满足你的营养需求。） 符合语境，故选 D。 39.空格前句：虽然压力是一种自然的人类反应，旨在让你远离危险，但长期处于压力环境下会 对健康产生负面影响。空格后文：为了应对好压力，你需要了解产生压力的原因以及如何处理它。 处理不可避免的压力的方法包括锻炼和与家人或朋友交谈。由此可知，本段主要是关于压力对健康 的影响，上文提到了压力的危害，那么本句起承上启下的作用，说明预防和管理压力是很重要的。 故选 G。 40.空格上文：健康的生活方式包括健康的习惯。这意味着做好防晒，定期体检，不滥用药物。 吸烟有害健康，因为它们会增加你患癌症和心脏病等疾病的风险。空格后句：它会损伤你的肝脏， 导致癌症，还会伤害你所爱的人。由此可知，上文主要列举了一些不健康的生活习惯，那么本句承 接上文，继续说明酗酒也是不健康的习惯，会损害肝脏。故选 F。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 【答案】41-45 CABDC 46-50 BDCAB 51-55 CDBDA 56-60 DACBD 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了位于瑞典一个叫 Eskilstuna的城市有一个 ReTuna的购物 中心，跟其他购物中心不一样，它专门从事二手商品的回收再利用。 41.考查形容词。A. virtual：重要的；B. electronic：电子的；C. second-hand：二手的；D. ever-lasting： 永久的。从本段第一句可知，如今重复利用正成为全球的一种趋势。所以此处是说有一家购物中心， 它只出售二手商品。故选 C项。 42.考查名词。A. selection：选择；B. description：描述；C. analysis：分析；D. view：视野。ReTuna 是一个大型的二手购物中心，既然是购物中心，里面当然会有种类齐全的商店，a wide selection of （种类齐全的，不同种类的）固定搭配，故选 A项。 43.考查动词。句意：ReTuna自 2015年建成，它是为了解决瑞典人日益增长的消费需求而出现 的。A. operate：运作，操作；B. handle：处理，解决；C. challenge：挑战；D. debate：辨论。根据 句意可知选 B项。 44.考查名词。A. energy：能量；B. stress：压力；C. crime：犯罪；D. consumption：消费。ReTuna 是一个购物中心，那么它建成的初衷就肯定与商品有关系了，有商品即有消费，结合选项，故选 D 项。 45.考查形容词。句意：这是世界上第一个关注可持续购物的商城。A. annual：周年的；B. regular： 规则的；C. sustainable：可持续的；D. favorite：喜爱的。从文中“ ReTuna, a two-story complex in Eskilstuna. Sweden, offers a wide 42 of shops with recycled goods.”可知，文章主要讲 ReTuna这 个出售二手商品的购物中心，这是一个注重物品可持续的购物商城，结合选项，故选 C项。 46.考查形容词 A. earlier：更早地；B. easier：更容易地；C. better：更好地；D. smaller：更小地。 相比于人们购买二手商品需要穿越整个城市寻找每一个慈善店铺，公司把所有这些二手商品集中在 一个地方出售，这样对于人们购物要更容易一些，故选 B项。 47.考查短语。句意：公司是想通过把二手商品都集中在一个地方出售，这样可以让人们更容易 地找到有价值的商品，而不用穿越整个城市寻找每一个慈善商店。A. as to：关于；B. regardless of： 忽视；C. thanks to：幸亏；D. instead of：取而代之。空前是说把二手商品集中在一起出售，空后是 讲人们购买二手商品需要穿越整个城市的寻找每一个慈善店铺，为了让人购物更容易些，就用一种 方式替代另一种方式，故选 D项。 48.考查动词短语。A. look after：照顾；B. take over：掌管；C. search for：寻找；D. put up：张 贴。消费者想要买到有价值的商品的话，需要把整个城市里的每一个慈善商店都得找出来（逛一遍）。 故选 C项。 49.考查副词。A. further：进一步地；B. less：更少地；C. closer：更亲密地，更近地；D. higher： 更高地。““If you look at the things they’re selling here...”是 Cato Limas说的第二句话，是对 Cato Limas 说的第一句话进一步补充，故选 A项。 50.考查形容词。A. rare：罕见的；B. new：新的；C. clean：干净的；D. complete：全部的。从 下文中“So actually, why 51 buying new stuff?”可知既然是不需要费心去买新的东西，说明这 些东西几乎是新的，故选 B项。 51.考查动词。A. mind：介意；B. practice：练习；C. bother：费心做；D. finish：完成。从本段 Cato Limas说的第一句话可知，Cato Limas是赞成买二手商品的，不赞成买新的东西，结合选项， 故选 C项。 52.考查名词。句意：在 Cato Limas第一次来商城，他就花了 7美金，给他刚出生的宝贝买走满 满的一大包玩具。A. solution：解决方法；B. donation：捐赠；C. effort：努力；D. visit：拜访，参观。 从空格后一句可知，他花钱买了玩具，所以选 D项。 53.考查动词。A. cost：花费；B. spent：花费；C. rented：租用；D. took：花费。在商城里肯定 是花钱买玩具。所以 C项排除，其余三项都是花费，但是用法不同，cost作花费时，主语是 it，故 A 项排除，took作花费只能花费时间，不可以花钱，D项排除，故选 B项。 54.考查动词短语。句意：几乎每一个类目下的在售商品都是公众捐赠的，它们都被放置在商城 的储藏室里。A. called for：号召；B. paid off：付清；C. sent for：派人；D. dropped off：放置，卸下。 大众捐来的物品是被放置到商城的储藏室里的。故选 D项。 55.考查动词。句意：这些跟 ReTuna签订合同的商店必须要承诺做到零浪费。A. commit：承诺； B. refer：指；C. object：拒绝；D. admit：承认。这些二手商品是大众捐的，而且 ReTuna目的就是 可持续购买，即环保，所以入驻商店必须承诺做到零浪费。故选 A项。 56.考查名词。A. demand：需求；B. conflicts：矛盾；C. conditions：条件；D. employment：就 业。从文中“More than 50 people work at the complex”可知 ReTuna为本地区人们提供了工作，也就 是在提供本地区移民的就业中起到重要作用，故选 D项。 57.考查动词。句意：ReTuna也提供了以关注再利用的成人教育课程。A. offers：提供；B. evaluates： 评估；C. records：记录；D. changes：改变。ReTuna提供了从事二手商品的工作，就会有从事这样 工作的人需要学习相关知识，也就说明是 ReTuna提供了可以让人们学习再利用的成人教育课程。故 选 A项。 58.考查名词。句意：当提到可持续性，瑞典在这方面已经是一个为时甚久的领导者了。A. owner： 拥有者；B. trainer：培训者；C. 1eader：领导者；D. saver：拯救者。根据后文可知，从 20世纪 80 年代开始，瑞典就开始为了回收再利用而进行垃圾分类，说明可持续环保对于瑞典来说，它已经处 在一个领导者的地位了。故选 C项。 59.考查名词。句意：一个国家的家庭垃圾有超过 99%的是可再利用的，并且从 20世纪 80年代 开始垃圾分类再利用在瑞典已经很普遍了。A. plan：计划；B. waste：废品，垃圾；C. income：收入； D. business：买卖，生意。对于一个家庭而言，家庭产生的废品即垃圾也是可以回收再利用的，故选 B项。 60.考查形容词。A. ancient：古老的；B. temporary：暂时的；C. international：国际的；D. common： 普遍的。空前一句提到对于可持续性，瑞典在这方面已经是一个为时甚久的领导者了，那也就说明 从很久之前瑞典就开始了垃圾分类，而且自 20世纪 80年代开始，这种行为已经成为一种普遍现象 了，故选 D项。 第 II 卷（非选择题） 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 【答案】 61. were thinking 62. ourselves 63. applying 64. however 65. valuable 66. researcher 67. named 68. were/are written 69. which 70. to fool 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了不同的人对“如果计算机写了一首诗，它还会有同样的 意义吗？”这个问题的不同看法。 61.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们读一首诗的时候，我们常常想象诗人写的时候在想什么， 或者他们当时在做什么。分析句子可知，what引导的宾语从句中缺谓语，且根据句意，本句表达过 去正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时；主语是 the poets，所以系动词用 were。故填 were thinking。 62.考查反身代词。分析句子可知，主语是 we，根据句意，表达的意思是“就好像我们自己创作 了这首诗”，所以用与 we一致的反身代词，ourselves“我们亲自”。故填 ourselves。 63.考查动名词。句意：通过应用一套程序，计算机现在可以生成各种文本，包括研究论文、书 籍、新闻、故事甚至诗歌。by doing sth.“通过做某事”，此处应用动名词作介词 by的宾语。故填 applying。 64.考查副词。句意：计算机生成的诗歌在语法和风格上都是正确的，但有人说它们仍然缺乏创 造性和真正的意义，因此这些诗歌在某种程度上来说并没有价值。分析句子可知，前后句子是转折 关系，再根据空格前后都有逗号，故此处用副词 however符合语境。故填 however。 65.考查形容词。分析句子可知，空格前有系动词 be，所以空格处填形容词，构成系表结构。故 填 valuable。 66.考查名词。句意：澳大利亚研究员奥斯卡·施瓦茨创建了一个名为“机器人与否”的网站， 在他的网站上，你可以阅读诗歌并猜测它们是由人写的还是由计算机写的。分析句子可知，此处应 用名词作 Oscar Schwartz的同位语，故用指人的名词 researcher，由 an可知用单数名词。故填 researcher。 67.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格在这里作后置定语，且与所修饰的名词 website 是被 动关系，所以用动词的过去分词形式。故填 named。 68.考查被动语态与主谓一致。分析句子可知，whether引导宾语从句，主语 they（诗歌）与谓语 write是被动关系；主句是一般现在时，结合语境可知，从句使用一般现在时和一般过去时均可。综 上，故用一般现在时的被动语态或一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用 were或 are。故 填 were/are written。 69.考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。分析句子可知，逗号后面是非限制性定语从句，先行词 是 speech，空格前有介词 in，应用关系代词 which。故填 which。 70.考查非谓语动词。句意：最近施瓦茨在悉尼 TEDX 上发表了一次演讲，他在演讲中说，网站上的 一些诗歌很容易骗过 65%的读者。主语+be+adj.+to do是固定搭配，不定式充当的是结果状语。故填 to fool。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（10 分） 【答案】 1.第一句，lonely改为 lonelier 2.第二句，在 trusted前加 be 3.第三句，this改为 it 4.第五句，skate 改为 skating 5.第六句，or改为 and 6.第六句，finishing改为 finish 7.第七句，certain改为 certainly 8.第八句，cycles改为 cycled 9.第九句，girl改为 girls 10第十句，去掉 into 【解析】这是一篇议论文。城市中人们总觉得陌生人不可信，作者想改变这一点，通过对陌生人微 笑这些小动作来改变我们生活的世界。 1.考查形容词比较级。根据后面的关键词 than可知，此处应该用形容词 lonely的比较级形式 lonelier，故将 lonely改为 lonelier。 2.考查被动语态。句意：人们总觉得陌生人不可信。分析句子可知，feel后面的宾语从句中，主 语 strangers 与动词 trust之间为被动关系，结合前面的情态动词可知，trust前面应加 be动词形成被 动语态。故在 trusted前加 be。 3.考查代词。句意：他们认为主动和任何人说话甚至对任何人微笑是不正常的。此处为“it is+adj.+to do sth.”结构，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。故将 this改为 it。 4.考查现在分词。句意：上周，当我滑冰的时候，一个男人从我身边跑过，冲我微笑。while引 导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，此处应为 was+现在分词构成过去进行时。故将 skate 改为 skating。 5.考查连词。根据句意可知，此处前后之间为顺承关系，应该用 and连接两个句子，故将 or改 为 and。 6.考查不定式。be able to do sth意为“能够做某事”，是固定搭配。故将 finishing改为 finish。 7.考查副词。句意：我微笑着回应说他一定会的。分析句子可知，would后省略 finish his run， 故此处应该用 certainly修饰动词 finish。故将 certain改为 certainly。 8.考查时态。根据上下文的时态可知，此处应该用一般过去时。故将 cycles 改为 cycled。 9.考查名词复数。one of后接可数名词复数，表示“……中之一”，故将 girl改为 girls。 10.考查介词。句意：我相信这样的小动作能改变我们生活的世界。根据句意可知，change 在这里是 及物动词，介词 into多余。故去掉 into。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 【范文】 Film or book, which do you prefer? Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original. The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story. Besides, the film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow. Some others have just the opposite opinion. They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful. Personally, I agree with the second view. Actually I have more reasons for it. I think I can stay at home, reading quietly in a situation of my own, and what’s more, I am able to better understand the author’s ideas. In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.