2021年高考英语二轮复习完形填空考点讲解（附解析）

完形填空 高考完形填空的命题特点： 一、选材特点 1．以叙为主，叙议结合 高考完形填空题的选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文。 2．短文词数在 210—320 之间 对考生的阅读语速有一定要求。 二、设题特点 近几年高考完形填空题的一个显著特点是突出语篇。吃透短文的大意是正确答题的基础。从每个小题 的设计来看，只需读懂设空所在句便可找到答案的题目所占的比例很小，需要通过上下文来考虑的题目每 年要占 70%以上，其中需要从全文角度考虑的占 1/3 以上，这些都体现了“突出语篇”的命题思路。 选项设计的一个显著特点是以考查实词为主，包括动词、形容词、副词、名词、代词等词类，占全部 题目的 85%以上。 首句完整，主题明确。完形填空题所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生能迅速进 入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。短文都有比较明确的主题。全文围绕这个主题阐述和展开。 三、解题技巧 完形填空答题时必须遵循“整体——部分——整体”的步骤，要先完其意后完其形。注重整合注重上 下文信息关联，做到瞻前顾后。 1、跳读首尾句，判断文体，预测主题 一般说来，完形填空题的首尾句是不设空的，先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。如果 一开始就讲明了 when, where, who, what，即四个 w，那么就是记叙文。若首句是提出或解释说明某事物， 一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。 2、通读全文，掌握主旨大意 边读边填独立题(包括词类搭配、近义词辨析、语法类)和前提试题，了解全文，把握大意。积极思维， 根据初步结论、按照不同文体的写作特点，找准信息词，存储上文信息，以帮助解决下文空格。要注意词 与词、句与句之间的各种连接和修饰关系，留心词汇的习惯搭配，尤其是所选择的词在具体语境中的确切 含义。 3、寻求搭配，通顺逻辑 固定搭配是完形填空的常考题，如动词与介词的搭配，动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等， 因此选择必须根据具体的上下文作出合理的判断。 4、根据词汇意义及用法辨析词义、确定答案 完形填空题虽然淡化对语法的考查，但对语言点的考查依然存在，主要体现在词汇搭配和意义辨析两 个方面。弄清它们之间的细微差异有助于提高答题的正确率。如 separate/divide, cheap/cheaply, wide/widely, still/quiet/calm/ silent 等。要做好这种题目，必须尽量将词语辨析与情节推理和逻辑推 理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。 5、结合生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理 完形填空往往为自身的内容提供完整的语言信息，其间交织渗透各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识， 考查学生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。解决这类题目，考生不仅要有广博的知识，还要能驾驭全文，弄清 文章的深层意义。当对语言的把握不是很准确时，可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。 6、查漏补缺，反复推敲，调整答案 复读时，要根据文章的中心去判断所选答案是否符合逻辑，是否服务于文章的主题，有无语法或搭配 错误。审读过程中，如果遇到不畅之处，必有一点，应从词义和逻辑两方面权衡优劣，从而纠正错误，弥 补疏漏。对于仍拿不准的个别选项，应坚持自己的第一感觉。 完形填空的答题策略如下： 一、语境化选择题 1．抓住首句 由于完形填空短文的首句通常不设空，我们可以通过细读首句，推断出全文的主旨，并在主旨的指引 下进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。 2．通过上下文语境进行推断 从上下文中寻找提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行合理的推理判断。 3．通过全文内容进行推断 把握全文，可以避免断章取义。 二、固定搭配题 1．查找信息，明确搭配 在固定搭配中，空格前后总会有与所选的词语有密切关联的词或短语，这些词或短语就是解题的突破 口。 2．注意动词短语的辨析 常见的考查方式有两种：(1)四个选项的搭配多数是正确的，考生需要借助于上下文语境来进行判断。 (2)四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的，这种情况比较简单。 3．注意介词短语的辨析 介词短语在高考中所占比例虽然比动词短语小，但是也十分活跃。选项的搭配多数都正确，需要借助 于上下文语境来做出适当的判断。 三、词语辨析题 1．同义词或近义词的辨析 如：say, speak, tell 与 talk; watch, see 与 notice 等的区别。这类题主要考查考生在具体语境中 对同义词或近义词的辨析和运用能力。 2．相似词语的辨析 选项中所给词的词性相同、拼写形式(至少有两项)相近。 3．常用词汇的辨析 四个备选项的词性相同，但在词义和词形上联系不大。脱离语境或只看句子的一部分，可能会有两个 或两个以上的答案。但结合语境进行分析，只有一个正确答案。 4．转换词语的辨析 该类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系(如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系等)的理解能力 及考生对转换词的运用能力。对词语辨析题要求越来越高的一个表现是把词语辨析和语法测试、构词法以 及日常交际用语结合在一起进行考查。 四、语法知识题 对语法知识进行考查，可能是对语法概念的理解和运用进行考查，也可能是对语法的结构形式进行考 查。从近几年的高考试题来看，单一考查语法的题越来越少，而将语法融入到一定的语境中进行考查却成 为了一种趋势。 五、文化背景和生活常识题 高考完形填空往往以自身的内容提供相对完整的语篇信息，其间渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生 活常识，从文化、科学知识到历史、地理知识，从风俗民情到民族习惯等。当对语言的把握不很准确时， 考生可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。 1．平时广泛涉猎各种知识 考生在平时要多注意相关的文化背景知识，如西方国家的一些历史概况、名人、重大节日，西方人的 工作和生活习惯、社交礼仪和习俗等。此外，还要留意与当今社会和学生生活息息相关的话题，如环境保 护、交通问题等。再就是要掌握一些简单的与物理、化学有关的科学常识。 2．考试时展开合理推断 在考试时，考生如果能积极调动自己所掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识并巧妙地加以运用，同时注意 中西方文化存在的差异，那么将会大大地简化复杂的分析与判断过程，选出正确答案。 完形填空主要考查考生在理解整篇文章的基础上具体运用语法知识和词语的能力，那么它的重点一定 是放在对整篇文章的逻辑和结构的理解上，更多地考查考生把握文章的脉络以及分析上下文逻辑的能力， 即根据上下文的已知信息来确定答案。但有些考生在做题时，往往会犯以下三种错误： 1．中式思维 忽略英语文章的行文逻辑以及英语国家的语言习惯和文化常识。 2．主观臆断 不从语境中寻找答案，而是凭自己的主观臆断去选择答案。 3．匆忙作答 边看文章边选答案，看似很节省时间，但会造成“一错再错，连续犯错”的恶果。 考生做完形填空题，最根本的方法是在全面理解文章大意的基础上，综合运用语言知识、阅读能力和 逻辑思维进行解题。 技法一 通读全文明确大意，细研首句把握全篇 完形填空的命题原则是“选项语境化，试题语篇化”，由此可知，答案就隐含在上下文语境之中。所 以，要正确解答完形填空的题目，首先要通读文章，准确把握文章大意。 1.利用首句明大意 完形填空一般不在首句设题，这是为了给考生提供一个清晰而完整的背景信息。记叙文的首句往往介 绍事件发生的时间、地点、人物和起因等细节信息，说明文和议论文一般通过文章首句点明全文的主题。 仔细分析首句，往往能获取许多解题信息，因此不可忽视文章的首句。 例 1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits...I managed to get an A in that __53__ and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54.classroom． 53．A.game B．presentation C．course D．experiment 【答案】C 【解析】本篇完形填空的第一句话没有设题，是一个完整的句子。据此可知，作者是一个大学二年级 的学生，听说教育系有一个“免费的”课程，可以得三个学分。文章的首句将作者身份、故事的背景、地 点和主要内容完全交代出来。根据这些信息可知，下文应该是讲述作者积极参加这个课程，并受益良多的 故事。故选 course“课程”。 2. 利用主题段、主题句明大意 要理解文章的主旨大意，除了可以通过研究首句信息之外，还可以利用文章的主题段、主题句或者文 体特征来把握文章大意。一般来说，主题段和主题句都出现在文章或者段落的开头。 例 2.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry，__41__ number！” and move on... On March 19, Dennis got a group text __44__ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital... “Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken，” Dennis __46__．..but I will get there to take pictures with the baby，” replied Dennis... Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his __52__！ He turned up at the hospital 53.bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally 54.astonished by the unexpected visit. 41．A.unlucky B．secret C．new D．wrong 44．A.convincing B．reminding C．informing D．warning 46．A.responded B．interrupted C．predicted D．repeated 52．A.dream B．promise C．agenda D．principle 【答案】41.D 44.C 46.A 52.B 【解析】本篇完形填空首句提供的信息相对较少，不足以把握文章大意，但文章从第二段开始叙事， 因此抓住每段的前一两句话就可以把握住文章大意。根据以上节选的内容，我们可以了解到，有一家人在 孩子即将出生之际，向亲人群发了一个告知消息，误发给了陌生人 Dennis。Dennis 虽然不认识他们，但还 是去医院看望了他们，并和孩子留影，照片被孩子的奶奶上传到网上，得到了非常多的点赞和转发。根据 文章大意可知，第 41 题应选择 wrong“错误的”；第 44 题应选择 informing“告知”；第 46 题应选择 responded“回复”；第 52 题应选择 promise“诺言”。 技法二 思前想后通全文，上下求索准呼应 完形填空需要考生能够仔细阅读文章，留意文章的细节和措辞，注意瞻前顾后，通读上下文，切忌自 以为是。许多试题的答案在上下文中以原词复现、同义复现、反义复现和代词复现等重复出现来表达，使 整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利 用文章中的复现来选择正确的答案。 1. 原词复现 例 1.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the town’s central __31__， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 32.appeared,_Rjukan residents gathered together. ...Ro says, The town square was totally 35.full．.. 31．A.library B．hall C．square D．street 【答案】C 【解析】根据下一段中的“The town square”可知答案为 square。 2. 同义复现 例 2. (2017·全国卷Ⅰ)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my 42.experience at college for the better：I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手语)． 41．A.searching B．planning C．natural D．formal 【答案】A 【解析】根据上文中“While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life”的关键词“explore”及下文的内容可知，此处指作者在大学通过学习美式手语经历了 探索(searching)的过程。planning“计划制订”；natural“自然的”；formal“正式的”，均不符合语 境。 3. 反义复现 例 3.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词) may seem dull, most of the __50__ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. 50．A.simple B．unique C．fun D．clever 【答案】C 【解析】由 while 可知，空处与 dull 形成对比，故选 C 项。simple“简单的”；unique“独特的”； clever“聪明的”，均不符合语境。 4. 代词复现 例 4.Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56.backed_off and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the __57__ if he was needed or 58.free to go. They let him and the other man go. 57．A.woman B．police C．man D．driver 【答案】B 【解析】发生了交通事故，警察应该到场，且下文“They let him and the other man go.”中的“They” 指代本空，故选 B。 技法三 句际关系定衔接，逻辑理解摸脉络 完形填空所选短文通常都是前后连贯、结构严密的文章，脉络自然有序，充分体现了“突出语篇、强 调运用”的高考命题指导思想。对语篇逻辑的理解能力是完形填空主要的考查内容之一，这就要求考生不 仅要注意句子中的词语搭配，更要从整体上把握文章的结构和脉络。因此，借助语篇标志、理解逻辑关系， 有助于快速准确地找出正确答案。 1. 转折关系 例 1.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)The 3，500 residents cannot all 36.enjoy the sunshine at the same time. __37__， the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s 38.sunstarved residents. 37．A.Instead B．However C．Gradually D．Similarly 【答案】B 【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示转折，应用 However。 例 2.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)“Of course, we 22.notice it when the sun is shining，” says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is __23__， but down in the valley it’s darker—it’s like on a 24.cloudy day.” 23．A.empty B．blue C．high D．wide 【答案】B 【解析】天空是蔚蓝色的，但山谷却是比较阴暗的，犹如阴天一般。根据句中的“but”可知，本空填 入的词语与“darker”相对应，故 blue“蓝色的，蔚蓝色的”符合语境。 2. 因果关系 例 2.(2019·北京卷)Tina Stern 17.received rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free 18.transportation. “It’s not just a ride； you’re not just sitting there in 19.awkward silence or with your headphones on，” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually 20.remembers the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he’ll __21__ those things.” 21．A.act on B．settle on C．check on D．agree on 【答案】C 【解析】前文提到学生坐他的车时他与学生之间的问和答，这里说下次乘车的时候，威尔逊还会核实 那些事情，用 check on 表示“核实，检查”。act on“按照……行事”，settle on“选定”，agree on“就…… 达成一致意见”，均不符合语境。 3. 并列关系 例 3.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45.lost dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove __46__. After a long and careful 47.search,_Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48.cautiously away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49.joy. It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face. 46．A.home B．past C．back D．on 【答案】C 【解析】由句中的 and 可知，此题可以根据并列关系解题。根据本段的第一句“Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that lost dog.”可知，Ehlers 回家了，但是他被那条走失的狗弄得心烦意乱，所以，四天 后，他叫上他的朋友 Greg，开车回去(back)寻找那条狗。 技法四 设身处地揣情绪 完形填空往往选取具有浓厚教育意义的、具备正能量的记叙文、夹叙夹议文，讲述作者所见所闻的某 个人或某一个群体经历的某件充满爱、善良、诚实等正能量的事情。因此，考生在解答完形填空时，如果 置身事外、见题解题，则既不能体会试卷的教育意义，也容易因“置身事外，不解其中真情”而出错；而 将自身代入其中，与主人公一起悲喜，则容易深刻体会其中含义，选对答案。 例 1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets... American Sign Language(美式手语)． The 46.story began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47.performed their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48.idea of communicating without speaking 49.attracted me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50.past. This newness just left me 51.wanting more. After that, feeling the need to __52__ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club’s meetings. I only learned how to 53.sign the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54.slow progress，I was excited.I then made it a point to 55.attend those meetings and learn all I could. 52．A.exercise B．explore C．express D．explain 【答案】B 【解析】利用文章发展脉络解题。设身处地的揣摩作者的情绪，寻找答案。所节选部分文章发展脉络 为：大学第一周“我”观看了美式手语俱乐部的表演→“我”被表演所吸引→“我”想进一步学习更多手 语方面的知识→“我”参加俱乐部的会议。根据文章发展脉络及作者思想情绪的变化可知，第 52 题是在作 者观看了美式手语俱乐部的表演后感到了进一步“探索”(explore)的必要。故选 B 项。 技法五 褒贬语境判曲直 每篇完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作 意图，因此利用文章内容的褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文意并准确传递文意的基 础上推断出答案。 例 1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59.close to it as I am to my dogs，” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be __60__ to go that extra mile.” 60．A.suitable B．proud C．wise D．willing 【答案】D 【解析】利用感情色彩分析解题。根据“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as close to it as I am to my dogs”可知，Ehlers 认为无论是谁丢失了狗，都很可能像他对待自己的狗一样亲近(be close to)它，因此可知 Ehlers 认为，如果他的狗走丢了，他希望有人愿意(willing)不怕麻烦地去给予帮 助。 技法六 生活常识巧利用 生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。能根据生活常识答题，也是完形填空要考查的一个方面。考生在把 握全文大意的基础上，有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择。很多时候，完形填空的题目会涉及 风俗习惯、文化、历史等方面的生活常识，这时考生需要联系相关常识进行解题，从而选出符合语境的最 佳答案。 例 1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50.advertised as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 51.phone number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers __52__ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53.found their dog. 52．A.called B．copied C．counted D．remembered 【答案】A 【解析】利用生活常识解题。根据前面的“The ad had a phone number for a town in southern Michigan.” 可知，既然寻狗启事上有电话号码，故 Ehlers 应是打电话 (call)告诉 Jeff 和 Lisa，即狗的主人，他发现 了他们的狗。 技法七 排除技巧别忘记 做完形填空题时，当你用尽了几乎所有的办法都不能找出答案时，还有一个办法，那就是排除法。将 选项分别代入原文进行判断，只要所选选项在句意、词语搭配、褒贬词性、上下文文风等方面有一方面不 符合，就可以判断该选项不符合该空，从而排除。 例 7. (2018·浙江卷 6 月)We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it __36__ to have too much time? 36．A.true B．fair C．strange D．possible 【答案】D 【解析】分析可知，句意为“我们都听说过时间比金钱更有价值，但拥有大把的时间是可能(possible) 的吗”？将四个选项分别代入原文，可知 D 项符合语境。 1. 【2019·全国卷 II】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen ___42___ alongside the road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___. Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face. A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a ___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had ___53___ their dog. Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days. Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough to go to that kind of ___57___,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___. I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.” 41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard 42. A. read B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping 43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted 44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off 45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued 46. A. home B. past C. back D. on 47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search 48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily 49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety 50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded 51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car 52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered 53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured 54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked 55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain 56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns 57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme 58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team 59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close 60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Ehlers 和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到 了主人。 41.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文 Ehlers 和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指 Ehlers 一直在 想关于那只狗的事，think about 考虑。故选 C。 42.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖，trembling 发抖。故 选 B。 43.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth 尽力做某事。故选 A。 44.D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了， run off“跑开”的意思。故选 D。 45.C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用 lost“丢失”。故 选 C。 46.C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers 给他的朋友 Greg 打电话，他们俩又驱车返 回。 根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back 向后，回原处。故选 C。 47.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文 Greg 在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在 仔细寻找小狗，search 寻找。故选 D。 48.A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的 frightened, nervousness, fear 等词并结合上文并根 据下文 Ehlers 最终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiously 谨慎地，小心地。故选 A。 49.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔 Ehlers 的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，joy 开心。故选 B。 50.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只 丢失的狗。根据本句的 in the local paper 及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的，advertise 登广告。 故选 B。 51.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文 Ehlers 给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码， phone number 电话号码。故选 B。 52.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指 Ehlers 给 Jeff 和 Lisa（狗的主人）打 了电话，call 打电话。故选 A。 53.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers 给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗， find 找到。故选 C。 54.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指 Jeff 带着狗在打猎，hunt 打 猎。故选 A。 55.D 【解析】考查介词短语辨析。根据上文 Ehlers 找到的 Jeff 的狗可知，Jeff 在狗丢失后没有找到他的 狗，in vain 徒劳。故选 D。 56.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的 事。根据上文可知，此处是指 Ehlers 对狗足够关心，care 关心。故选 A。 57.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文 Ehlers 开车把那只小狗 Rosie 送到 100 英里远的机场，把它航 空托运到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，trouble 麻烦。故选 B。 58.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指 Lisa 在评论 Ehlers 帮助他们找回狗付出的努 力，effort 努力。故选 C。 59.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样去接近它。 根据下文 Ehlers 说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样，close to 靠近。故选 D。 60.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是 表达他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do 乐意做某事。故选 D。 2. 【2019·全国卷 III】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year. Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.” But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together. “People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___ residents. "It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.” 41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely 42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice 43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide 44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm 45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered 46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras 47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined 48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use 49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows 50. A. day B. night C. month D. year 51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street 52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped 53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting 54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold 55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent 56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store 57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly 58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved 59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy 60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing 【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了 一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添 一丝明亮。 41.C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. only 仅仅；B. obviously 显然地；C. nearly 几乎；D. precisely 准确的。根据前文 from late September to mid-March 可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选 C。 42.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. fear 害怕；B. believe 相信；C. hear 听见；D. notice 注意。根据 后文 We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it's darker 可知，我们看到天空是蓝色的，但 是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选 D。 43.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty 空的；B. blue 蓝色的；C. high 搞得；D. wide 宽的。根据 常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选 B。 44.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy 多云的；B. normal 正常的；C. different 不同的；D. warm 温暖的。根据前文 down in the valley it's darker 可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选 A。 45.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. helped 帮助；B. changed 改变；C. happened 发生；D. mattered 关 系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选 B。 46.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. computers 电脑；B. telescopes 望远镜；C. mirrors 镜子；D. cameras 相机。根据后文 to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks 可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故可 知，为一枚镜子，故选 C。 47.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered 记得；B. forecasted 预报；C. received 获得，收到；D. imagined 想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选 C。 48.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. repair 修理；B. risk 风险；C. rest 休息；D. use 使用。根据 前一句 their very first ray of winter sunshine 可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入 使用了，故选 D。 put sth to use 把某物投入使用。 49.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动， 在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids 禁止；B. directs 指导，导演；C. predicts 预测；D. follows 跟 随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选 B。 50.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. day 白天；B. night 夜晚；C. month 月；D. year 年。根据文章可知， 太阳光出现在白天，故选 A。 51.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. library 图书馆；B. hall 大厅；C. square 广场；D. street 街道。 根据后文 The town square 可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选 C。 52.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared 出现；B. returned 归还；C. faded 褪去；D. stopped 停 止。根据后文 Rjukan residents gathered together 可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选 A。 53.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. driving 驾驶；B. hiding 隐藏；C. camping 露营；D. sitting 坐。 根据本句 and standing there 可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故选 D。 54.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures 照片，图片；B. notes 笔记；C. care 照顾；D. hold 抓住。 根据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故选 A。 55.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. new 新的；B. full 满的；C. flat 平坦的；D. silent 沉默的。根 据后文 I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故 可知广场全是人，故选 B。 56.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. block 阻挡；B. avoid 避免；C. enjoy 喜欢，享受；D. store 储存。 根据句意可知，并不是 3500 名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选 C。 57.B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead 代替；B. However 然而；C. Gradually 逐渐地；D. Similarly 相似地。前一句意思为并不是 3500 名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不 仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选 B。 58.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving 热爱自然的；B. energy-saving 节能的；C. weather-beaten 受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved 渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光， 故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故选 D。 59.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. big 大的；B. clear 清晰的；C. cold 冷的；D. easy 容易的。根 据前文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选 A。 60.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. trying 尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing 分享。根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选 D。 3. 【2019·北京卷】 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”. Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college , and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll ___21___ those things." Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration. Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love these kids, "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories." 11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing 12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering 13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered 14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. wandered 15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. conversations 16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already 17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded 18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication 19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious 20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers 21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on 22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme 23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards 24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm 25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates 26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate 27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange 28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced 29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment 30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了 76 岁的 Paul Wilson 八年来免费接送低收入的学生上学的 感人事迹。 11.C 根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson 确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilson 给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故 C 选项正确。 12.D 根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson 是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故 D 选项正 确。 13.B Wilson 让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程 64,000 英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用 cover。B 选项正确。 14.D Wilson 在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈”，故 D 选项正确。 15.B 根据上文可知，Wilson 每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该 空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”，故 B 选项正确。drive 意为“驾车送（人）”。 16.A 这些学生将 Wilson 当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故 A 选项正确。 17.B 根据后面的介词 from 可以推知，Tina Stern 从 Wilson 那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B 选项正确。 18.A 对 Tina Stern 来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。A 选项正确。transportation 意为“运送”。 19.B Tina 说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐 在那儿。” 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故 B 选项正确。 20.D 在坐车的时候，Wilson 会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。D 选项正确。 21.C 在坐车的时候，Wilson 会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候， Wilson 会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson 会利用这个机会了解考查学生们 的学习情况。故 C 选项正确。 22.D 根据上一句中的“programme”可知，D 选项正确。Wilson 最初通过一个非盈利组织 On Point for College 的一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。 23.C 结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson 的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故 C 选 项正确。 24.A 如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson 会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A 选项正确。 25.D 从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是 Wilson 对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学 的途中饿了的时候，Wilson 都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。D 选项正确。 26.C 根据下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others….For them, riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘 坐 Wilson 的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必须的。C 选项正确。 27.A 有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”， 需用 share。A 选项正确。 28.B 乘坐 Wilson 的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用 allow sb. to do sth.。故 B 选项正确。 29.A Wilson 认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A 选项正确。 30.C Wilson 认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到 他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故 C 选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。 4. 【2019·浙江卷】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并 在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the ___36___ the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one ___37___ Frenchman has caught our attention. Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving ___38___ on discarded(丢弃)food. The three-month, 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s ___39___ of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world. As you can ___40___, the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants ___41___ tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of ___42___ garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places ___43___ him food that would otherwise be discarded. For legal ___44___, most restaurants have a policy against ___45___ food waste. "Some people have even ___46___ their jobs by giving me food," Dubanchet said. What's ___47___ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the ___48___ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to ___49___ at some ___50___ different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 50 is all the more serious when you consider the ___51___ exercise required to bike from France to Poland. "I have to get food ___52___ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the ___53___," Dubanchet explained. "Is my ___54___ full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating." He aims to ___55___ his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he’ll turn a few more heads in the process. 36. A. cleverer B. older C. stranger D. simpler 37. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving C. food-wasting D. law-breaking 38. A. secretly B. finally C. entirely D. probably 39. A. purpose B. way C. opinion D. dream 40. A. observe B. imagine C. suggest D. remember 41. A. store B. cook C. shop for D. throw away 42. A. locked B. damaged C. connected D. abandoned 43. A. bought B. offered C. ordered D. sold 44. A. reasons B. rights C. fees D. aids 45. A. begging for B. giving away C. hiding D. causing 46. A. did B. kept C. accepted D. risked 47. A. hardly B. usually C. particularly D. merely 48. A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest 49. A. work B. shout C. ask D. jump 50. A. competition B. conversation C. conflict D. challenge 51. A. adequate B. rewarding C. demanding D. suitable 52. A. again B. alone C. later D. fast 53. A. spirit B. energy C. time D. effort 54. A. stomach B. hand C. pocket D. basket 55. A. arrange B. restart C. report D. finish 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意，Baptiste Dubanchet 骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。 36. C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据 Usually, the 36 the idea is, the more it gets noticed.可知这 里意思是通常，这个观点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。A. cleverer 更聪明的；B. older 更老的；C. stranger 更奇怪；D. simpler 更简单的，故选 C。 37. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据 Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving 38 on discarded(丢弃) food.可知这里意思是那就是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。A. garbage-eating 吃垃圾的；B. sports-loving 爱好体育的；C. food-wasting 浪费食物的；D. law-breaking 破坏法律的，故选 A。 38. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet 骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。 A.secretly 秘密地；B. finally 最后；C. entirely 完全地；D. probably 很可能，故选 C。 39. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月、1900 英里的旅程，是 Dubanchet 引起欧洲 和全世界对食物残羹注意的道路。A.purpose 目的；B.way 道路；C.opinion 意见；D. dream 梦想，故选 B。 40. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。A. observe 观察；B. imagine 想象；C. suggest 建议；D. remember 记得，故选 B。 41. D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁、卫生规定 或商业政策，很多食物仍然难以接近。A . store 存储；B.cook 做饭；C. shop for 购买某物；D. throw away 扔掉，故选 D。 42.A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据 it remains inaccessible 可知这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。A.locked 上锁的；B . damaged 被损坏的；C.connected 连接的；D. abandoned 被抛弃的，故选 A。 43. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢弃。A.bought 买；B. offered 提供；C . ordered 命令；D. sold 销售，故选 B。 44. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止浪费食物的政策。A.reasons 原因； B. rights 权利；C.fees 费用；D. aids 援助，故选 A。 45.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。A. begging for 乞求； B. giving away 分发；C . hiding 隐藏；D. causing 造成，故选 B。 46. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。可知这里 意思是有些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。A.did 做；B. kept 保持；C.accepted 接受； D. risked 冒…的危险，故选 D。 47. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对 Dubanchet 事件的态度。A.hardly 几乎不； B. usually 通常；C . particularly 特别是；D . merely 仅仅，故选 C。 48. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.可知这 里意思是柏林是最容易的。A.easiest 最容易的；B . nearest 最近的；C . biggest 最大的；D. richest 最富有的，故选 A。 49. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，他必须在大约 50 家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能找到食物。 A.work 工作；B. shout 呼喊；C.ask 询问；D. jump 跳跃，故选 C。 50. D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更 加严峻了。A. competition 竞赛；B. conversation 会话；C. conflict 冲突；D. challenge 挑战，故选 D。 51. C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就 更加严峻了。A. adequate 充足的；B. rewarding 有益的；C. demanding 要求高的；D. suitable 适当的， 故选 C。 52.D 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：我必须快点吃东西，因为骑了那么多自行车，我累了，我需要能量。 A.again 再一次；B. alone 独自地；C . later 后来；D. fast 迅速地，故选 D。 53. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据 because after all the biking I am tired 可知我需要能量。A.spirit 精神； B . energy 能量；C.time 时间；D. effort 努力，故选 B。 54.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据 That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.可知这里 意思是我的胃是满的还是空的。A. stomach 胃；B. hand 手；C. pocket 口袋；D. basket 篮子，故选 A。 55. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据 With any luck, he'll tum a few more heads in the process.可知这 里意思是他计划在七月中旬结束他的旅行。A.arrange 安排；B . restart 重新开始；C. report 报告； D. finish 结束，故选 D。 5. 【2019·全国卷 I】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ___41___ with them lots of waste. The ___42___ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the ___43___ of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, I’m ___44___ about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences. However, I soon ___45___ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of ___46___ among tons of rubbish. I find a ___47___ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are ___48___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ___49___. The best of a Kilimanjaro ___50___, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ___51___ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ___52___ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ___53___ go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ___54___ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather ___55___ — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ___56___ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland ___57___: gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. ___58___ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ___59___ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. Does Kilimanjaro ___60___ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true. 41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring 42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters 43. A. position B. age C. face D. name 44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy 45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate 46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones 47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean 48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary 49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away 50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight 51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded 52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose 53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials 54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to 55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits 56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add 57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake 58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally 59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial 60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire 【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有 4 万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了 垃圾，破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探 究竟。当他来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认 为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。 41.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. keep 保持；B. mix 混合；C. connect 联系；D. bring 带来。句意：他们 带来了很多的垃圾。由“lots of waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故 D 选项切题。 42.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. stories 故事；B. buildings 建筑物；C. crowds 人群；D. reporters 记 者。句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40,000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故 C 选项切题。 43. C 【解析】考查名词辨析。A.position 位置；B.age 年龄；C. face 外貌；D. name 名字。句意：冰川正 在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故 C 选项切题。 44. B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. silent 沉默的；B. skepetical 怀疑的；C. serious 严肃的；D. crazy 疯狂的。句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。 由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故 be skepetical about“对……怀疑” 符合句意。故 B 选项切题。 45. A 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. discover 发现；B. argue 争论；C. decide 决定；D. advocate 提倡。句 意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很 大的变化。由“much has changed ”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故 A 选项切题。 46. C 【解析】考查名词辨析。A.equipment 装备 ；B. grass 草 C. camps 营地；D. stone 石头。句意：我 很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由 下文“at camps ”可知，本句属于原词再现。故 C 选项切题。 47. D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. remote 遥远的；B. quiet 安静的 C. tall 高的; D. clean 干净的。句 意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths” 可知，营地里和路边都有厕所。所以这是一座干净的山。故 D 选项切题。 48. C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. new 新的；B. special 特殊的；C. significant 相当大的；D. necessary 必要的。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文 可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失。这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故 C 选 项切题。 49.A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A. paying off 还清，报偿；B.spreading out 伸展；C. blowing up 爆 炸；D. fading away；逐渐消退。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎 正在得到回报。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得 到回报。故 A 选项切题。 50.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. atmosphere 氛围；B. experience 经历；C. experiment 实验；D.sight 视力。句意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故 B 选项 切题。 51.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. studied 学习；B. observed 观察；C. explored 探索；D. regarded 认为。 句意：山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritual space ”,可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as“被视为......”符合句意。故 D 选项切题。 52. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. view 景色 ；B.quality 质量 ；C. reason 原因；D. purpose 目的 句意： 在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统， 所以景色也是明显的不同。故 A 选项切题。 53.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. scientists 科学家；B. climbers 登山者；C. locals 当地人； D. officials 官员。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色尤为明显。故 A 选项 切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故 B 选项切题。 54.D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A.holding on to 抓住；B. going back to 回到（原来的话题）；C. living up to 履行；D. giving way to 向......让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔 3000 米处突然到了尽头，让位于大 片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔 3000 米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔 3000 米以上就是大片的低矮植 物。 giving way to“向......让步”符合句意。故 D 选项切题。 55.A 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. changes 改变；B. clears 放晴；C. improves 提高； D.permits 允许。 句意：再往上走，天气变了--低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“low clouds ”可知，生态系统不同， 天气也是不同的，是变化的。故 A 选项切题。 56. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. match 匹配；B. imagine 想象；C. count 数；D.add 增加。句意：我从站 的地方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故 C 选项切题。 57.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. village 村庄； B. desert 沙漠，荒地;C. road 马路；D.lake 湖 。句意： 海拔 4000 米以上是高山寒漠:砾石、石头和岩石。由“grave,stones and rocks”可知，拔 4000 米以上是 高山寒漠。故 B 选项切题。 58. D 【解析】考查副词辨析。A.Obviously 明显地;B.Easily 容易地;C.Consequently 结果；D.Finally 最 后地。句意：海拔 4000 米以上是高地沙漠:砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是 冰川地区。故 D 选项切题。 59. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. permanent.永久的；B.little 小的；C.fresh 新鲜的；D.artifical 人 造的。句意：很明显，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由 “arctic -like zone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故 A 选项切题。 60.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. enjoy 享受；B.deserve 值得；C. save 挽救;D. acquire 获得。句意：乞 力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？。这里作者 在疑问乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。以此在对后面的回 答做好铺垫。故 B 选项切题。 6. 【2019·江苏卷】 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species(物种)that are ___36___ every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to ___37___ the species from going out of existence. Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their ___38___. Emma, a female crane, has been in their ___39___ since she arrived in 2004. Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was ___40___ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected ___41___, though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had ___42___ taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She ___43___ to live with male cranes, and even had a ___44___ for killing some of them, which made it ___45___ for her to become a mother. ___46___, the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝)of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a ___47___ of artificial breeding(人 工繁殖)and natural reproduction. This ___48___ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes. The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be ___49___, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the ___50___, and many other species appear headed toward extinction. ___51___, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. How can we ___52___ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the ___53___: human beings took it for granted that their ___54___ held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better ___55___. 36. A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing 37. A. ban B. save C. split D. remove 38. A. abortion B. recreation C. reproduction D. administration 39. A. care B. eye C. mind D. story 40. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized 41. A. bonus B. consequence C. victory D. sacrifice 42. A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully 43. A. liked B. refused C. decided D. hesitated 44. A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation 45. A. illegal B. inspiring C. important D. impossible 46. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead 47. A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system 48. A. forced B. forbade C. taught D. enabled 49. A. defeated B. grateful C. assured D. tolerant 50. A. it B. rise C. agenda D. decline 51. A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary 52. A. leave B. bridge C. open D. identify 53. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward 54. A. brains B. behaviors C. services D. projects 55. A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion 【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。在现代，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种 灭绝。白鹤就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭尽全力保护这些物种免于灭绝。Chris 和 Tim 通过努力， 帮助一只名叫 Emma 的雌鹤繁殖了五只幼鹤。 36.D 根据第一句“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age”和最后一句提到的“…the species from going out of existence”可以推知，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝， 即：“消失”。D 选项正确。 37.B 前文提到每天都有物种消失，那么该句应指科学家们正在竭尽全力保护这些物种，使它们免于灭绝。 故 B 选项正确。 38.C 上文最后一句提到科学家们竭尽全力保护濒临灭绝的物种，由此推知，该处应指 Chris 和 Tim 帮助濒 危物种繁殖，增加它们的数量，这样它们才不至于灭绝。故该空应指“繁殖”，C 选项正确。 39.A 自从 2004 年，Emma 一直由 Chris 和 Tim 照顾。该空和下一句中的“human caretaker”呼应。故选 A。 40.C 根据空后的“human caretakers”可知，caretaker 当然是照看 Emma 的。故该句应指：出生在一个国 际鹤基地，Emma 由人类抚养照看。故选 C。 41.B 根据空后的 though（尽管）可知，though 前后的两个句子之间是转折关系。后面提到，她过得很开心。 根据转折关系，那么前文应该表示“但是这导致了出乎意料的结果”。B 选项正确。 42A 根据下文中的“become deeply attached to humans…even …killing some of them”等内容可知， 因为 Emma 一直由人类照看，所以它没有将自己看作是一只鹤，而是深深的依恋上了人类。故选 A。 43.B 根据上文，Emma 不把自己当作鹤，所以它“拒绝”和雄鹤生活在一起。B 选项正确。 44.D 根据 even（甚至）这个递进关系可知，Emma 不仅拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，而且因为弄死了几只雄鹤而 “臭名昭著”。故 D 选项正确。 45.D Emma 拒绝和雄鹤生活，这当然使得她“不可能”生育小鹤，成为妈妈。D 选项正确。 46.C 上文提到 Emma 拒绝和雄鹤生活，使得她不可能生育小鹤。下文提到两位动物园管理员不想看到这一物 种的灭绝。由此推知，上下文之间是转折关系。C 选项正确。 47.A 经过努力，Chris 和 Tim 成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起。A 选项正确。 48.D Chris 和 Tim 成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起，这使得 Emma 诞育了五只幼鹤。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使……能够做某事”，D 选项正确。 49.C 根据后文的 more efforts must be made 可以推知，尽管两个人为自己的成就感到骄傲，但是他们还 需要付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少。所以他们还不能完全放心（白鹤不会灭绝）。故选 C。assured 意为“确定的，有把握的，自信的”。 50.D 根据 because 可知，前后句之间是因果关系，根据 more efforts must be made 可以推知，野生白鹤 数量在减少，所以，还要付出更多的努力（来挽救白鹤灭绝）。故 D 选项正确。 51.B 前文提到：野生白鹤数量正在减少，很多其他物种似乎也在逐渐灭绝。该句提到，并不是所有的人都 意识到野生动物有思想，感情，以及平等生存的权利。很明显，该句是对前文出现野生动物濒临灭绝原因 的一种解释。故 B 选项正确。after all：毕竟（用于解释和说明理由）。 52.B 针对上文提到的很多物种灭绝这种现象，作者提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不 断扩大的鸿沟呢？B 选项正确。 53.C 前文提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？Chris 和 Tim 的做法给我 们提供了一个答案。C 选项正确。 54.A 根据下文中的“hold all the solutions”可以推断出，人类认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决 办法。即：人类认为自己的大脑可以想出所有的解决办法。A 选项正确。 55.A 根据转折词 but 可以推知，人类想当然的认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。但或许他们可 以用“心”更好地“引领”他们去保护这些濒危的动物。故 A 选项正确。 7. 【2019·天津卷】 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus，which was now speeding in the dark to some______16______station. The____17____moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the_____18_____of that little wallet？The credit cards，the driver's license， the cash，all lost to the bus. Two hours later，back at my house，I heard a knock on the door. My husband _____19_____it while I was on the phone in the dining room. "Does Jennifer live here？" I heard a lady say. In my husband's hand was my wallet，with not a penny_____20_____. She left before I could ____21____ make it to the door to offer my thanks. After sharing the story online，I heard from someone，who ____22____ the lady as Erin Smith. Without ___23___ ，I called to thank her. She said she ____24____ my wallet on a bus seat. She_____25_____that going to a stranger's house was a ____26____ move，but she decided to take the chance. "If I were in that ____27____ I would want someone to try to find me，" she said. This one stranger responded beautifully to my small ____28____ ，but she actually wasn't the only one. Right after Erin ____29____ my wallet on the bus，she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum（论坛），trying to see ____30____ anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face. I've never ____31____ words with those moms beyond small tall，but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever，but that's not how the people I_____32_____tend to act. ___33___,I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone ____34____what almost anyone would have done，finding my house on a bitterly cold night，and for that I was extremely ____35____ . 16. A. accessible B. hidden C. unknown D. convenient 17. A. face-saving B. brain-washing C. eye-catching D. heart-stopping 18. A. parts B. contents C. details D. ingredients 19. A. ignored B. answered C. examined D. interrupted 20. A. missing B. returned C. remaining D. abandoned 21. A. still B. ever C. yet D. even 22. A. selected B. appointed C. identified D. defined 23. A. delay B. alarm C. regret D. invitation 24. A. moved B. placed C. opened D. spotted 25. A. disagreed B. complained C. calculated D. recommended 26. A. selfless B. risky C. slow D. personal 27. A. site B. direction C. situation D. atmosphere 28. A. crisis B. danger C. threat D. failure 29. A. got rid of B. made use of C. had control of D. took possession of 30. A. if B. where C. how D. when 31. A. recalled B. exchanged C. repeated D. whispered 32. A. encounter B. follow C. consult D. accompany 33. A. Going away B. Turning around C. Looking back？ D. Coming along 34. A. into B. against C. over D. beyond 35. A. longing B. enthusiastic C. concerned D. grateful 【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin 捡到了作者的钱包， 在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还钱包。作者深受感动。文章叙述了事情的来龙去脉和作者的感受。 16. 根据前文的“fear seized me. My wallet was gone.”可以推知，作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，而 汽车正在开往某个作者未知的地方，这使得找回钱包的希望渺茫，因此作者心生“恐惧”。故 C 选项(unknown) 切题。 17. 根据上一段中的“fear seized me”可以推知，作者在发现丢了钱包之后的第一感觉是“害怕”。之 后，作者开始在内心计算找回钱包里的那些东西所需要的时间和钱数。故该空应和 fear 表达的意思相近， D 选项（heart-stopping）切题：令人心跳停止的，惊心动魄的。 18. 该空指下文中提到的“the credit cards， the driver’s license, the cash”，这些都是钱包里 装的东西。故选 B(content)：所含之物，所容纳之物。 19. 两小时后有人敲门，丈夫去应门。B 选项（answer）切题：应（门）；接（电话）；应答。 20. 结合下文的陈述可知，那位女士捡到了作者的钱包，她拾金不昧，将钱包完璧归赵。由此可以推知， 该处指“钱包里的钱一分也没有丢失”。故 A 选项（missing）切题：不见的，丢失的。 21. 作者甚至还没有来得及到门口感谢那位女士，她就离开了。该空表示“甚至”，故选 D 选项（even）： 甚至。 22. 在网上分享了这个故事之后，作者收到了某个人的来信，这个人确认了那位女士是 Erin Smith。C 选 项(identify)切题：确认，认出，识别。 23. 找到了那位拾金不昧的女士，作者当然要“马上，毫不耽搁地”打电话去感谢对方。A 选项（delay） 切题：耽搁，延迟。 24. 作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin 是在一个座位上发现了它。该空表示“发现”，故选 D 选项(spot)： 发现，认出。 25. 根据文章最后一段中的“a bitterly cold night”可知，这件事发生在一个寒冷的晚上。同时，Erin 又不认识作者。由此推知，该句应指：Erin 估计去一个陌生人的家是一个冒险的举动。C 选项（calculate） 正确：估算，估计，预料。 26. 根据下文中的转折词 but 可知，该句和 she decided to take the chance（她决定冒险）是转折关系。 那么该句应指去一个陌生人家是一个冒险的举动。故 B 选项（risky）正确：冒险的。 27. 该句叙述的是 Erin 当时的想法：“如果我处在那种情况下（指丢了钱包这种情形），我希望有个人努 力地找到我”。该空表示“情况，情形”，故选 C 选项（situation）：情况，情形。 28. 作者丢了钱包，对于作者来说，这是一个“危机，危难时刻”。故选 A 选项（crisis）：危机，危难时 刻。 29. Erin 捡到了作者的钱包，在归还作者之前，钱包在 Erin 的手里，Erin 暂时“拥有，占有”作者的钱 包。故 D 选项正确。take possession of 意为“拥有，占有”。 30. Erin 把作者的驾照图片发到一个论坛里，想看看是否有人认识作者。该空表示“是否”，故选 A 选项 （if）：是否。 31. 根据后面的转折词 but 可知，该句和后面一句（她们想帮忙）转折关系，由此推知，该句指：除了闲 聊，作者和那两位妈妈从来没有说过话，即：从未和她们“交换过词语”。B 选项（exchange）正确：交换， 互换。 32. 作者曾经读到这样的说法：人们比以往更加四分五裂，即：人们不像以前那样团结，不像以前那样互 相帮助了。但是，作者遇到的这些人的行为方式不是那样的。上文中提到的 Erin，two moms 都是作者遇到 的人。故 A 选项（encounter）正确：偶遇，遇到，邂逅。 33. 回顾发生的这件事，作者感到很幸运：有人想帮助一个陌生人。C 选项（look back）正确：回顾，追 忆。 34. 根据倒数第二段中提到的“people are more divided”可以推知，一般人在捡到别人的钱包后，都不 会像 Erin 那样亲自归还失主。因此该句指：Erin 的所作所为远远超越了其他人的行为。该空表示“超过， 超越”，故选 D 选项（beyond）：超过，超越。 35. Erin 在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还作者的钱包，作者对此非常感激。D 选项（grateful）正确：感激的。 【2018·全国 I】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。 During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a "free"course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits.I___41___the idea of taking the class because ，after all ,who doesn't want to___42___a few dollars?More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And,even if I weren’t___43___enough about free credits,news about our___44___was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster,which___45___I would be learning from one of the game's___46___.I could hardly wait to___47___him. Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this___48___was no game for him: he meant business. In his introduction, he made it___49 ___that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to___50___the class ,among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to___51___what we would learn in class to our future professions and,___52___,to our lives. I managed to get an A in that___53___and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the___54___. Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he___55___me:“The absolute most important___56___that you learn when you play chess is how to make good___57___.On every single move you have to___58___a situation ,process what your opponent(对手）is doing and___59___the best move from among all your options.”These words still ring true today in my___60___as a journalist. 41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down 42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay 43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired 44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor 45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant 46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest 47. A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat 48. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job 49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible 50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe 51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare 52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally 53. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment 54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation 55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised 56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill 57. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments 58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control 59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate 60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. A 59. D 60. A 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了我在大二学的免费课程——下棋及它对我生活的指 导意义。 41. 考查动词短语辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程 3 个 学分。我急于接受这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。A. put forward 提出；B. jumped at 急于接受；C. tried out 尝试；D. turned down 拒绝。故选 B。 42. 考查动词辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程 3 个学分。 我急于接受这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。A. waste 浪费；B. earn 赚钱；C. save 节省；D. pay 付钱。 故选 C。 43. 考查形容词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的信息就足以 吸引我。A. excited 激动的；兴奋的；B. worried 担心的；C. moved 感动的；D. tired 劳累的。故选 A。 44. 考查名词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的消息就足以吸 引我。A. title 头衔；题目；B. competitor 竞赛者；C. textbook 教科书；D. instructor 导师。故选 D。 45. 考查动词辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. urged 督促；B. demanded 要求； C. held 握住；D. meant 意味着。故选 D。 46. 考查词义辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. fastest 最快的；B. easiest 最 容易的；C. best 最好的；D. rarest 最稀少的。故选 C。 47. 考查动词词义辨析。我迫不及待地想见到他。A. interview 面试；B. meet 见面；C. challenge 挑战；D. beat 击败。故选 B。 48. 考查名词词义辨析。一位先前的毕业生回校教书，这项工作对他来说根本不是游戏。A. chance 机 会；B. qualification 合格；C. honor 荣誉；D. job 工作。故选 D。 49. 考查形容词辨析。在他的介绍中，他明确指出这些学分不容易得到。A. real 真实的；B. perfect 完美的；C. clear 清楚的；D. possible 可能的。故选 C。 50. 考查动词词义辨析。为了通过考试，我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的东西应用于未来 的职业中。A. attend 参加；B. pass 通过；C. skip 跳跃；D. observe 遵守。故选 B。 51. 考查动词词义辨析。我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的知识应用于未来的职业中。apply 把……运用于…… 52. 考查副词词义辨析。最终，把我们在课堂里学的知识应用到我们的生活中。A. eventually 最终； B. naturally 自然地；C. directly 直接地；D. normally 正常地。故选 A。 53. 考查名词辨析。我设法在这个课程中获得了个 A。A. game 游戏；B. presentation 介绍；陈述；C. course 课程；D. experiment 实验。故选 C。 54. 考查名词辨析。我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活课程。A. criterion 标准；B. classroom 教室；C. department 部门；系；D. situation 情况。beyond the classroom 课堂之外，故选 B。 55. 考查动词词义辨析。和 Ashley 学了象棋课程之后 10 年里，我仍在应用他教我的东西。A. taught 教；B. wrote 写；C. questioned 提问；D. promised 承诺。故选 A。 56. 考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. fact 事 实；B. step 步；C. manner 方式；D. skill 技能。故选 D。 57. 考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. grades 等级；B. decisions 决定；C. impressions 印象；D. comments 评论。故选 B。 58. 考查动词词义辨析。每一步你都必须分析形势，审视对手要做什么。A. analyze 分析；B. describe 描述；C. rebuild 重建；D. control 控制。故选 A。 59. 考查动词词义辨析。从你所有的选择中，评估出最好的一步。A. announce 宣布；B. signal 发信 号；C. block 阻塞；D. evaluate 评估。故选 D。 60. 考查名词词义辨析。现在这些话对我作为一名新闻记者的角色来说仍然是正确的。A. role 角色； B. desire 欲望；要求；C. concern 涉及，关系到；D. behavior 行为。故选 A。 【2018·全国 II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 Two weeks earlier. my son . Ben ,had got in touch , he’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d ___41___ seen him . So imagine my ___42___ when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me. I was ___43___ ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to ___44___ . The bay was ___45___ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little ___46___ .I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in ___47___ . “Something’s not ___48___ !” I took off my T-shirt and ___49___ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was ___50___ violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors . I helped ___51___ the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something ___52___ to me. Those brown eyes were very ___53___ . “What’s his name ?” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I ___54___ . That stranger was my son! The instructors called for an ambulance.___55___ ,after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to ___56___ and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben ___57___ to me. “I just want to say thank you,” he said, “You ___58___ my life !” I still can’t believe what a ___59___ it was. I’m just so glad I was there ___60___ to help my son. 41. A. also B. often C. even D. last 42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry 43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed 44. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle 45. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed 46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser 47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle 48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit 49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell 50. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking 51. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep 52. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed 53. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar 54.A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew 55. A. B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly 56. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave 57. A. joked B. returned C. listened D. pointed 58. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided 59. A. B. change C. pity D. pain 60. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. B 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者 13 年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救了一 个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己 13 年未见的儿子。 41. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经 13 年了。由此可以 暗示出是上一次见面。A. also 也；B. often 经常；C. even 甚至；D. last 上一次，故选 D 项切题。 42. 考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13 年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮件，并 且说要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。A. delight 高兴，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、忧虑等的) 解除，减轻；C. anger 怒，忿怒；D. worry 担心。故选 A 项切题。 43. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者 13 年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要来拜访 自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared 惊恐的；B. shocked 震惊的；C. thrilled 欣喜若狂的；D. ashamed 惭愧的。故选 C 项切题。 44. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见 面。A. talk 谈话；B. stay 停留； C. meet 见面；D. settle 解决。故选 C 项切题。 45. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed 沐浴；B. clean 清扫；C. deep 深处；D. formed 形成。故选 A 项切题。 46. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意 识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster 迅速的；B. closer 靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier 重的，沉 重的；D. wiser 有智慧的；聪明的。故选 B 项切题。 47. 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A. trouble 麻 烦，困难；B. advance 前进，进展；C. question 问题，疑问；D. battle 战斗，战役。故选 A 项切题。 48. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real 真实的；B. right 正确的，正常的；C. fair 公平的；D. fit 合适的。故选 B 项切题。 49. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的 T 恤衫，跳入 水中。A. stared 盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank 下沉，沉没；C. dived 潜水，跳水；D. fell 打 倒；击倒。故选 C 项切题。 50. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文 a man lying across the middle 和下文 He was unconscious 可知， 应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing 争论，辩论；B. fighting 打架；C. shouting 呼喊；D. shaking 摇动。故选 D 项切题。 51. 考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead 领导，引导，带领；B. persuade 说服， 劝服；C. carry 搬运，装运；D. keep 保持；保存，保留；故选 C 项切题。 52. 考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur 跟 to 短语时， 表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen 后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思。故选 B 项切题。 53. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉 的。A. sharp 锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant 愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive 有吸引力的；引人 注目的；D. familiar 亲密的，熟悉的。故选 D 项切题。 54. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed 同 意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated 犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted 怀疑；疑惑；D. knew 知道，了解。故选 D 项切题。 55. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately 幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly 率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly 悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly 突然地，忽然地；故选 A 项切题。 56. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前 was well enough 可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return 返回；报答； B. relax 放松，休息；C. speak 说；D. leave 离开。故选 D 项切题。 57. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben 转向我向我说谢谢。 A. joked 开玩笑；B. turned 转向；C. listened 听；D. pointed 指出。故选 B 项切题。 58. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救 了我的生命。A. created 创造；创作；B. honored 尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved 救，拯救；D. guided 指导，指挥；故选 C 项切题。 59. 考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence 巧合，巧事；B. change 改变，变更，变换；C. pity 怜悯，同情；D. pain 疼痛；痛苦。故选 A 项切题。 60. 考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board 在船上；B. in time 及时；C. for sure 肯定；D. on purpose 目的。故选 B 项切题。 【2018·全国 III】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say ＂ sorry, ___41___ number!＂ and move on. But when Dennis Williams ____42____ a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something ____43____. On March 19, Dennis got a group text ____44____ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____45____ of a baby. ＂Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,＂ Dennis ____46____. The baby was born and update texts were ____47____ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her ____48____, she didn’t seem to realize that she was ____49____ the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. ＂ Well, I don’t ____50____ you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,＂ replied Dennis before asking which room the new ____51____ were in. Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his ____52____! He turned up at the hospital ____53____ gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally ____54____ by the unexpected visit. ＂I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we ____55____ it and the gifts.＂ Teresa ____56____ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website ____57____ by the touching words: ＂What a ____58____ this young man was to our family! He was so ____59____ and kind to do this.＂ The post has since gained the ____60____ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days. 41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong 42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed 43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical 44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informin g D. warning 45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival 46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated 47. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around 48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort 49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing 50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother 51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors 52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle 53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making 54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated 55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect 56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted 57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied 58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem 59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair 60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. D 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B 【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Dennis Williams 认真对待陌生人的信息，使陌生人倍受感 动的故事。 41. D.考查形容词。根据后文 But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something 43 以及后文他所做的事情可以得知，大部分人会回应拨错号 了。A. unlucky 不幸的；B. secret 秘密的；C. new 新的；D. wrong 错误的。故选 D。 42. 考查动词。根据文章第一句 When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person 可以推知，他接到了电话。A. received 收到；B. translated 翻译；C. copied 复制；D. printed 印刷。故选 A。 43. B.考查形容词。根据后文内容可知，他做了与众不同的事情，所以用 special 合适。A. reasonable 合理的；B. special 特别的；C. necessary 必要的；D. practical 现实可行的。 44. C 考查动词。根据后句 a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____ of a baby.可知，这对陌生夫妇是在告诉他这个消息。A. convincing 让人信服的；B. reminding 提醒；C. informing 通知；D. warning 警告。故选 C。 45. D 考查名词。根据下文 The baby was born 可知，他们在等候新生儿的到来。A. wake-up 醒来；B. recovery 恢复；C. growth 成长；D. arrival 到来。故选 D。 46. A 考查动词。根据前句内容可知，这是 Dennis 的回复。A. responded 回复；B. interrupted 打断； C. predicted 预料；D. repeated 重复。故选 A。 47. A 考查动词短语。根据本句 The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.可知，消息很快再次进来。A. coming in 进来；B. setting out 着 手；C. passing down 使流传；D. moving around 走来走去。故选Ａ。 48. C. 考查名词。根据本句 In her 48 , she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49 the baby’s photos with a complete stranger.可知，这位妈妈太兴奋，没有意识到把照片分享给了陌 生人。A. opinion 观点；B. anxiety 焦虑；C. excitement 兴奋；D. effort 努力。故选 C。 49. D. 考查动词。根据后文 I will get there to take pictures with the baby replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in 可知，Dennis 收到了 Teresa 发来的照片，所以是她跟陌生人分 享了照片。A. comparing 比较；B. exchanging 交换；C. discussing 讨论；D. sharing 分享。故选 D。 50. B 考查动词。根据前文 Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know 可知，Dennis 不认识他们。A. accept 接受；B. know 认识，了解；C. believe 相信；D. bother 打扰，麻 烦。故选Ｂ。 51. 考查名词。根据前文可以推知，这对夫妇为新父母。A. parents 父母；B. doctors 医生；C. patients 病人；D. visitors 游客。故选 A。 52. B 考查名词。根据后文 He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.可知，他坚守了自己对于新妈妈 Lindsey 和她的孩子礼物的承诺。A. dream 梦想；B. promise 承诺；C. agenda 会议议程；D. principle 原则。故选 B。 53. A 考查动词。根据语境可知，他是拿着礼物来的。A. bearing 携带，拿；B. collecting 收集；C. opening 打开；D. making 制造。故选 A。 54. C 考查形容词。根据 unexpected 可知，她丈夫是十分惊讶。A. discouraged 沮丧；B. relaxed 放松的；C. astonished 吃惊的；D. defeated 打败的。故选 C。 55. C 考查动词。根据语境以及后文往网上发帖可知，Teresa 夫妇十分感激 Dennis 的到来以及带来的 礼物。A. admit 承认；B. need 需要；C. appreciate 感激；D. expect 期望。故选 C。 56. D 考查动词。根据后文 The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知，她把照片 贴到了网上。A. found 发现；B. selected 选择；C. developed 发展；D. posted 发帖。故选 D。 57. D 考查动词。根据语境可知，照片后面附着一段感人的文字。A. confirmed 确定；B. simplified 简化；C. clarified 分类；D. accompanied 伴随着。故选 D。 58. B 考查名词。根据语境可推知，这位母亲认为这位年轻的陌生人来看望宝宝是上帝的祝福。A. pity 同情，怜悯；B. blessing 祝福；C. relief 放松，如释重负；D. problem 问题。故选 B。 59. C 考查形容词。根据语境 He was so 59 and kind to do this.可知，与 kind 并列，所以用 sweet， 表甜美善良。A. smart 聪明的；B. calm 冷静的；C. sweet 甜美的；D. fair 公平的。故选 C。 60. B 考查名词。根据文章最后一句 The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知， 三天里有 184,000 人分享，61,500 点赞，所以是引起了极大关注。A. sympathy 同情；B. attention 关注； C. control 控制；D. trust 信任。故选 B。 【2018·浙江卷】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it ___36___ to have too much? I___37___back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also ___38___a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it ____39____ When I got into college, things ___40___ I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this ____41____ there was no sense of ____42____ to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became ___43___. Once that happened, I just kept___44___my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was____45____really late at night to get my work alone. One day I ____46____a former classmate of mine who was ____47____ a lot of money running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was ____48____, I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would ____49____ have too much time and would just do what I did back in____50____.He said that if he ____51____the job, he would lose his ____52____ to work and succeed. So, try ____53____ your time with other work. This is why there is a ____54____ that if you want something done, ask a ____55____person to do it. 36. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible 37. A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect 38. A. watched B. loved. C. Coached D. played 39. A.al last B. right away C. of course D. mattered 40. A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered 41. A. extra B .difficult. C. valuable D. limited 42. A. duty B. achievement C .urgency D. direction 43. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit 44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling 45. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off 46. A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired 47. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making 48. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding 49. A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply 50. A. childhood B. college C. town D. business 51. A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept 52. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way 53. A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading 54. A. message B. story C. saying D. fact 55. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. B 【解析】作者通过亲身经历告诉我们：拥有太多时间就会拖延做事情，时间紧迫反而能合理安排时间 把事情做好。 36. 考查形容词。A. true 真实的；B. fair 公平的；C. strange 奇怪的；D. possible 可能的。句 意：我们都听说过时间比金钱更有价值，但是拥有的时间太多可能会把事情做好吗?表示“可能的”，表示 作者的疑问，故选 D。 37. 考查动词。A. remember 记得；B. admit 承认；C. understand 理解；D. expect 期望。此处表 示回忆起高中时自己的生活，表示“回忆起”是 remember back，故选 A。 38. 考查动词。A. watched 观察；B. loved 热爱；C. coached 训练；D. played 玩。此处指自从我进 行团体体育锻炼后多数时间在学校，表示“进行体育锻炼”是 play sport，故选 D。 39. 考查固定短语。A.at last 最后；B. right away 立刻，马上；C. of course 当然；D. mattered 因为在校时间多，在家做作业的时间就少了，所以在家时必须马上写作业。下文 do my school work immediately 给了提示，故选 B。 40. 考查动词。A. happened 发生；B. repeated 重复；C. changed 改变；D. mattered 要紧。大学生 活和高中生活不一样，所以说发生了改变。根据常识选 C。 41. 考查形容词。A. extra 额外的；B. difficult 困难的；C. valuable 有价值的；D. limited 有限 的。此处指大学里有许多额外的时间，故选 A。 42. 考查名词。A. duty 责任；B. achievement 成就；C. urgency 紧急；D. direction 方向。大学里 没有马上做作业的紧迫感，与高中时抓紧时间做作业形成对比，故选 C。 43. 考查名词。A. burden 负担；B. relief 救济；C. risk 冒险；D. habit 习惯。由于不急着写作业， 所以后来就形成了等的习惯。故选 D。 44. 考查动词。A. pushing 推；B. taking 拿；C. setting 放置；D. calling 呼唤。与上文的 waiting 呼应，指形成等的习惯后，我就不断地把学习往后推，越推越远。根据常识也可知答案，故选 A。 45. 考查动词短语。A. hanging out 挂出，常去某处；B. staying up 熬夜； C. jogging round 慢跑；D. showing off 炫耀。根据 late at night 可知是熬夜，此处指作业等到最后熬夜完成，故选 B。 46. 考查动词。A. met 遇见；B. helped 帮助；C. treated 治疗；D. hired 雇用。此处指遇到了以 前的同学，根据句意选 A。 47. 考查动词。A. raising 举起；B. wasting 浪费；C. demanding 要求；D. making 获得。此处指 经营副业挣了许多钱，“挣钱”是 make money,故选 D。 48. 考查形容词。A. safe 安全的；B. important 重要的；C. boring 无聊的；D. rewarding 有益的。 因为他的常规工作是无聊的，所以作者建议他把副业作为全职工作。故选 C。 49. 考查副词。A. luckily 幸运地；B. hardly 几乎不；C. hopefully 有希望地；D. simply 简单地。 朋友说如果没有这个工作，很简单他就会有太多无聊的时间。根据句意可知选 D。 50. 考查名词。A. childhood 童年时期；B. college 大学；C. town 城镇；D. business 商业。他就 会像我大学时一样因为有太多的时间而不忙着做事，与上文内容呼应，故选 B。 51. 考查动词。A. quit 放弃；B. found 发现； C. accepted 接受； D. kept 保持。如果他放 弃工作，就会失去工作和成功的动力。与作者的建议呼应，故选 A。 52. 考查名词。A. heart 心脏；B. chance 机会；C. drive 驱动力；D. way 方法。此处指如果他放弃 工作，就失去了紧迫感，就会失去工作和成功的动力。表示“动力”，故选 C。 53. 考查动词。A. saving 节约；B. filling up 装满；C. giving up 放弃；D. trading 交易。句意： 试着用其他工作装满你的时间，使自己忙起来。故选 B。 54. 考查名词。A. message 消息；B. story 故事；C. saying 谚语；D. fact 事实。此处指 if you want something done, ask a 55 person to do it.这句谚语，故选 C。 55. 考查形容词。A. careful 小心的；B. busy 忙碌的；C. reliable 可靠的； D. kind 善良的。 此处指如果你想做某事，请忙碌的人去做。忙碌的人会抓紧时间完成，不忙的人只会拖延时间。故选 B。 【2018·北京】 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The Homeless Hero For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 in cash would be a source（来源） of temptation（诱惑）. But the ___16___ would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith ____17____ more remarkable. After spotting a ___18___ on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the ____19____ to return. After hours in the cold and wet, he ____20____ inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系）the driver, only to ____21____ it contained £400 in notes, with another £50 in spare change beside it. He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after ____22____ a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the car’s owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself worth £35, 000—in Glasgow city centre, they were ____23____ to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was ____24____. The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his ____25____. Mr. Anderson said：＂I couldn’t believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight ____26____ he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and ____27____ he didn’t take the wallet for himself；he thought about others ____28____. It’s unbelievable. It just proves there are ___29___ guys out there.＂ Mr. Smith’s act ____30____ much of the public’s attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson ____31____ about the act of kindness on Facebook. Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to ____32____ money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received ￡8,000. ＂I think the faith that everyone has shown ____33____ him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; he’s had job ____34____ and all sorts,＂ Mr. Anderson commented. For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing ____35____. The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another. 16. A. hope B. aim C. urge D. effort 17. A. still B. even C. ever D. once 18. A. wallet B. bag C. box D. parcel 19. A. partner B. colleague C. owner D. policeman 20. A. turned B. hid C. stepped D. reached 21. A. discover B. collect C. check D. believe 22. A. taking B. leaving C. reading D. writing 23. A. satisfied B. excited C. amused D. shocked 24. A. safe B. missing C. found D. seen 25. A. service B. support C. kindness D. encouragement 26. A. when B. if C. where D. because 27. A. rather B. yet C. already D. just 28. A. too B. though C. again D. instead 29. A. honest B. polite C. rich D. generous 30. A. gave B. paid C. cast D. drew 31. A. learned B. posted C. cared D. heard 32. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. earn 33. A. of B. at C. for D. in 34. A. details B. changes C. offers D. applications 35. A. lesson B. adventure C. chance D. challenge 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。文章讲述了流浪汉 Tom 发现一辆车窗开着的汽车前座上有一个钱 包。Tom 冒雨等了数个小时，在查找不到车主身份的情况下将钱包交到了警察局。钱包的主人 Mr. Anderson 在得知一切后，将 Tom 的善举发布到了 Facebook 上。Tom 的行为引发了人们的好评和帮助。这件事印证了 一句俗语：善有善报。 16. 考查名词词义辨析。A. hope 希望；B. aim 目标；C. urge 强烈的欲望，冲动；D. effort 努力。 上一句提到，对很多人来说，一个装有£400 无人看管的钱包是一种诱惑（它诱惑着人们将其据为己有）。结 合该句中的比较级 greater 可知，对于一个无家可归的人来说，这样的一个钱包是一个更大的诱惑，将其 据为己有的欲望会更大。该空对应上一句中的“a source（来源）of temptation（诱惑）”，C 选项正确。 17. 考查副词词义辨析。A. still 仍然；B. even 更加，愈发，甚至；C. ever 曾经；D. once 曾经， 一度。所有这一切使得流浪汉 Tom Smith 的行为更加的不同寻常。even 在该句中修饰比较级 more remarkable。 B 选项正确。 18. 考查名词词义辨析。A. wallet 钱包；B. bag 包；C. box 盒子，箱子；D. parcel 包裹，包袱。 由第三段中的 After hours in the cold and wet, he 20 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID 可知，Tom Smith 发现一辆汽车的前排座上有一个钱包。当时这辆车停在那儿，窗户摇了 下来。A 选项正确。 19. 考查名词词义辨析。A. partner 同伴，伙伴；B. colleague 同事；C. owner 主人；D. policeman 警察。Tom 冒雨等待车主回来。C 选项正确。 20. 考查动词词义辨析。A. turned 转动；B. hid 藏，隐藏；C. stepped 迈步，举步；D. reached 伸 手去拿，到达。由后面的 pulled the wallet out 可知，在雨里等了数个小时后，Tom 将手伸进车窗，将钱 包拿了出来。D 选项正确。 21. 考查动词词义辨析。A. discover 发现；B. collect 搜集；C. check 核对，检查；D. believe 相 信。Tom 将钱包拿出来企图找到一些身份证明，这样他就能联系司机了，结果他却发现钱包里装着£400 的 纸币和£50 的零钱。A 选项正确。 22. 考查动词词义辨析。A. taking 带走；B. leaving 留下，落下，离开；C. reading 读；D. writing 写。他拿着钱包去了附近的警察局，在车上留下了一张便条，其目的是让车主知道他的钱包是安全的。B 选 项正确。 23. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. satisfied 满意的；B. excited 兴奋的；C. amused 被逗乐的；D. shocked 震惊的。当车主返回时，发现自己的车边有警察，应该感到很惊讶。故 D 选项正确。 24. 考查形容词/动词词义辨析。A. safe 安全的；B. missing 不见的，丢失的；C. found 发现，找到； D. seen 看见。由该段开头可知，Tom 将钱包带去了警察局，因此该处警察告诉 John 他的钱包是安全的。A 选项正确。 25. 考查名词词义辨析。A. service 服务；B. support 支持；C. kindness 善意，善良；D. encouragement 鼓励。Tom 将钱包交给警察，没有据为己有，这是一种善举。故 C 选项正确。 26. 考查状语从句引导词。A. when 在……情况下，既然；B. if 如果；C. where 表地点；D. because 因为。在 Tom 本来可以偷了钱去支付一个可以睡觉的地方的情况下，他仍然选择了露宿街头（没有偷钱）。 所以 Mr. Anderson 对 Tom 的行为感到很惊讶。A 选项正确。 27. 考查副词词义辨析。A. rather 相当；B. yet 但是；C. already 已经；D. just 仅仅。Tom 什么都 没有，但是他没有拿走钱包。前后两句话之间是转折关系，故 B 选项正确。 28. 考查副词词义辨析。A. too 也；B. though 但是；C. again 再，又；D. instead 代替。Tom 没有 拿走钱包，他考虑的是别人，没有考虑自己。D 选项正确。 29. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. honest 诚实的；B. polite 礼貌的；C. rich 富有的；D. generous 慷 慨的。Tom 没有拿走钱包，而是把它交到了警察局，这是一种诚实的行为。A 选项正确。 30. 考查动词词义辨析。A. gave 给；B. paid 支付；C. cast 投掷，投射；D. drew 吸引。Tom 的行为 吸引了公众的关注。D 选项正确。 31. 考查动词词义辨析。A. learned 学习，学会；B. posted 发布，张贴；C. cared 关心，在意；D. heard 听到。由后面的 Facebook(一个社交网站)可知，在 Mr. Anderson 将 Tom 的善举发布到 Facebook 上之后， Tom 赢得了社交媒体使用者的赞扬。B 选项正确。 32. 考查动词词义辨析。A. borrow 借；B. raise 筹集；C. save 挽救，节省；D. earn 挣（钱）。Mr. Anderson 在网上发起一个运动来为 Tom 和其他无家可归的人筹钱。B 选项正确。 33. 考查介词。大家向 Tom 表示出的信任触动了 Tom。faith 意为“信任，相信”，常和介词 in 搭配， 意为“对……的信任，相信……”，故 D 选项正确。 34. 考查名词词义辨析。A. details 细节；B. changes 改变；C. offers 提供（物），给予（物），提 议；D. applications 应用，申请。该句应指 Tom 得到了人们的帮助，人们为他提供工作和其他的东西。C 选项正确。 35. 考查名词词义辨析。A. lesson 课；B. adventure 冒险；C. chance 机会；D. challenge 挑战。 这件事对于流浪汉 Tom 来说是一个可以改变终生的机会。C 选项正确。 【2018·天津】阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出 最佳选项。 No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own ___16___ I learned this lesson from a(n) ___17___ many years ago. I took the head ___18___job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the ___19___ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to ____20____the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn't ___21___ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to ___22___ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were ____23____me. I had to change my ___24___about their ability and potential. I started doing anything I could to help them build a little ____25____. Most important, I began to treat them like ____26____. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their ____27____, we met every day and _____28_____passing and kicking the football. Six months after suffering our _____29_____on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to ____30____. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a ____31____for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest ____32____of my life！ From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can ____33____ the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and_____34_____them. I helped them to see themselves ____35____, and they built themselves into winners. Winners are made, but born. 16.A.luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature 17.A.experiment B. experience C. visit D. show 18. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching 19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new 20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with 21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret 22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand 23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about 24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention 25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship 26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. leaners 27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor 28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced 29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake 30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend 31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor 32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers 33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect 34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed 35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。多年前作者担任过一个学校足球队的教练，在一次比赛中输给了学校的 新队。作者开始反思，不停的训练和鼓励队员，最终不可思议的赢得州里最强的对手。从这次经历中，作 者感悟到：没有人天生就是赢家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。 16. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. luck 幸运；B. tests 测试；C. efforts 努力；D. nature 自然。 根据前一句 No one is born a winner.（没有人天生就是赢家），根据常识可知，只有依靠自己的努力才能 成为赢家。故选 C。 17. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A .experiment 实验；B. experience 经历；C. visit 参观；D. show 展示。根据下文可知，作者是从一次经历中得出这样的教训的。故选 B。 18. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. operating操作；B. editing编辑；C. consulting 咨询；D. coaching 指导。根据后文 Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者在一所学校担任总教练工作。故选 D。 19. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. successful 成功的；B. excellent 杰出的；C. strong 强壮的； D. new 新的。根据前半句 It was a tradition for the school’s old team 中的 old team 提示可知，春 季训练结束时，学校新老队伍对抗是一个传统。故选 D。 20. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. cheer for 为……欢呼；B. prepare for 为……准备；C. help with 帮助某人做……；D. finish with 结束于；和. ……断绝关系。老队没有教练，他们甚至不练习来准 备比赛。故选 B。 21. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. believe 相信；B. agree 同意；C. describe 描述；D. regret 后悔。根据前句 but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者不能相信会遇到这样的情况。 故选 A。 22. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. realize 意识到；B. claim 宣称；C. permit 允许；D. demand 要求。短语 come to realize 开始意识到。我开始意识到我的队也许不是佐治亚州头号队伍。故选 A。 23. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. reacting to 对……起反应；B. looking for 寻找；C. depending on 依靠；D. caring about 关心。但他们都在依靠我。故选 C。 24. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. decision 决定；B. attitude 态度；C. conclusion 结论；D. intention 意图。我不得不改变我对他们能力和潜力的态度。故选 B。 25. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. pride 自豪，自尊心；B. culture 文化；C. fortune 幸运；D. relationship 关系。我开始做任何我能做的事情来帮助他们建立一点自尊心。故选 A。 26. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. leaders 领导；B. partners 伙伴；C. winners 获胜者；D. learners 学习者。根据后文 Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and____19____them.以及文中最后 一句提示可知，作者开始像获胜者对待他们。故选 C。 27. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. reward 报酬；B. vacations 假期；C. health 健康；D. honor 荣誉。根据 That summer 可知，当其它队队员享受着他们假期的时候。故选 B。 28. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. risked 冒险；B. missed 错过；C. considered 考虑；D. practiced 练习。根据上文 The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to ____5____the game. 提示可得出答案。这里指练习传球和踢球。故选 D。 29. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. defeat 打败；B. decline 跌落；C. accident 事故；D. mistake 错误。根据上文 but to my disappointment we were defeated.提示可得出答案。在春季训练赛场遭受失 败之后。故选 A。 30. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. relax 放松；B. improve 提高，改善；C. expand 扩大；D. defend 防御。根据前句 we won our first game and our second 可知，我们继续在提高。故选 B。 31. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. shame 羞愧；B. burden 负担；C. victory 胜利；D. favor 赞成。 即使我们输掉比赛，我们感觉它会是一场胜利。故选 C。 32. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. chances 机会；B. thrills 激动；C. concerns 关心；D. offers 提供。根据前句 My boys beat the best team in Georgia 可知，是作者一生中最激动人心的一次！故选 B。 33. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. surprise 惊讶；B. serve 服务；C. interest 兴趣；D. offers 提供。从这次经历，我意识到领袖的态度如何能够呈现给队里的每个成员。故选 D。 34. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. encouraged 鼓励；B. observed 观察；C. protected 保护；D. impressed 影响。根据 I pushed 可知，作者在推动和鼓励他们。故选 A。 35. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. honestly 诚实地；B. individually 个别地；C. calmly 镇静地； D. differently 不同地。根据后句 and they built themselves into winners.可知，我帮助他们以不同 的方式看待自己。故选 D。 【2018·江苏】请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been___36___ to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed（诊断）with a ____37____ disease. There was no ____38____, only pain relief. Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a ___39___4___40___ journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide. This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and ____41____ recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the ____42____ low by living on boiled noodles, with the ____43____ hamburger shop treat. Wild camping is ____44____ in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up ____45____and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot _____46_____ than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor _____47_____ all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial _____48_____, found his symptoms were strangely _____49_____ by their daily tiring journey. ____50____, the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had _____51_____ forever. "Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes _____52_____ to a thread, but we were alive." During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, "_____53_____ had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) _____54_____ written book. It had also given me a _____55_____, either to leave that page _____56_____ or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.” 36. A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up 37. A. mild B. common C. preventable D. serious 38. A. cure B. luck C. care D. promise 39. A. business B. walking C. bus D. rail 40. A. expected B. frightening C. disappointing D. surprising 41. A. budget B. revenue C. compensation D. allowance 42. A. frequent B. occasional C. abundant D. constant 43. A. unpopular B. lawful C. attractive D. illegal 44. A. soon B. early C. late D. slowly 45. A. harder B. easier C. cheaper D. funnier 46. A. rolled B. bled C. ached D. trembled 47. A. struggle B. progress C. excitement D. research 48. A. developed B. controlled C. reduced D. increased 49. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Consequently 50. A. gained B. kept C. wounded D. lost 51. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed 52. A. Doctors B. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness 53. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally 54. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. break 55. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missing 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Winn 夫妇投资失败变得一无所有，更糟糕的是丈夫被诊断为 重疾。然而他们没有放弃，决定徒步野外旅行。出乎意料的是，丈夫的症状渐渐减少了，夫妇二人变得越 来越强壮了，妻子也开始了自然作家的生涯。 36. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. drawn up 起草；B. used up 用光；C. backed up 拥堵；D. kept up 保持。根据后面的 to pay lawyers’ fees.提示可知，他们的积蓄都用光了。故选 B。 37. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. mild 温和的；B. common 共同的；C. preventable 可预防 的；D. serious 严重的。根据后句 There was no 38 , only pain relief.可知，Moth 被诊断为严重 的疾病。故选 D。 38. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. cure 对策；B. luck 幸运；C. care 关心；D. promise 诺言。名 词 cure 在这里表示“治疗的方法”。没有任何治疗的方法，只有止疼。故选 A。 39. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. business 事务；B. walking 走；C. bus 公交；D. rail 栏杆。 根据后句 as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.可知，他们决定作一次徒步旅 行。故选 B。 40. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. expected 预期的；B. frightening 令人害怕的；C. disappointing 令人失望的；D. surprising 令人惊讶的。这是一次漫长的旅程，经历了不寻常的艰苦和惊 人的恢复。故选 D。 41. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. budget 预算；B. revenue 税收；C. compensation 赔偿； D. allowance 津贴。他们计划靠吃煮面条来维持低预算。故选 A。 42. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. frequent 频繁的；B. occasional 偶尔的；C. abundant 大量 的； D. constant 不断的。偶尔到汉堡包店款待。故选 B。 43. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. unpopular 不受欢迎的；B. lawful 合法的；C. attractive 吸 引人的；D. illegal 非法的。根据后句 To avoid being caught,可知，在英国，野营是非法的。故选 D。 44. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. soon 不久；B. early 早的；C. late 迟的；D. slowly 慢慢地。 根据后句 and packed it away early in the morning.中的 early 提示可知，他们不得不晚些时候把帐篷 搭起来。故选 C。 45. 考查形容词比较级以及对语境的理解。A. harder 更难的；B. easier 更容易的；C. cheaper 更便 宜的；D. funnier 可笑的。根据常识可知，Winns 夫妇很快发现在他们 50 多岁的每日徒步旅行要比他们所 记的在他们 20 多岁的每日徒步旅行要艰难的很多。故选 A。 46. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. rolled 滚动；B. bled 流血；C. ached 疼；D. trembled 发抖。 根据常识可知，Raynor 浑身疼。故选 C。 47. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. struggle 斗争；B. progress进展；C. excitement 激动；D. research 研究。经过最初的与病魔作斗争。故选 A。 48. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. developed 发展；B. controlled 控制；C. reduced 减少；D. increased 增加。发现他的症状不可思议的减少了。故选 C。 49. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. Initially 起初；B. Eventually 最终；C. Temporarily 临时地； D. Consequently 因此。最终，这对夫妇发现他们的身体变好了。故选 B。 50. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. gained 获得；B. kept 保持；C. wounded 受伤；D. lost 失去。 根据前句 with re-found strong muscles 可知他们原以为永远失去的强壮的肌肉又再现了。故选 D。 51. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. sewn 缝；B. washed 洗；C. worn 穿破；D. ironed 熨。这里指 他们的衣服破成了线状物。故选 C。 52. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. Doctors 医生；B. Hiking 徒步旅行；C. Lawyers 律师；D. Homelessness 无家可归。无家可归夺走了我所有的物质。故选 D。 53. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. well 好；B. partly 部分地；C. neatly 整洁地；D. originally 起初。在写已好书中的部分，最后有一页空白页。故选 B。 54. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. choice 选择；B. reward 报酬；C. promise 许诺；D. break 休 息。根据后句 either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.中 either … or …可知，这里是一种选择。它也给我一种选择。故选 A。 55. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. loose 宽松的；B. full 满的；C. blank 空白的；D. missing 失踪的。根据前文中 an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.可知，要么留下那页空 白，要么继续写着希望的故事。故选 C。 1.【2017·新课标 I】完形填 空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美 式手语). I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL. The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me 51 more. After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress,I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could. The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens. 41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal 42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion 43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create 44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken 45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request 46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task 47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed 48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason 49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted 50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance 51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting 52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain 53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count 54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious 55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize 56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for 57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated 58. A Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However 59.A.required B. caused C. allowed D. expected 60.A.easy B. popular C. quick D. new 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学期间学习手语的经历。刚开始作者认为自己没有 必要学习手语，直到有一次看到手语俱乐部的表演，深深地为之吸引，从而产生了学习手语的渴望。 41．A 我自己经历了这个探索的过程。根据前文 While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration 可知大学 为探索提供了平台，所以这里指的是作者“探索”的过程。searching 寻找的，探索的；planning 计划的； natural 自然的；formal 正式的。故选 A。 42. B 考查名词辨析。progress：进步 experience：经历 major：主修课目 opinion：观点 句 意：我发现有些东西改变了我的大学生活经历。分析可知故选 B。 43. C 考查动词辨析。choose：选择 read：看，读 learn：学习 create：创造 句意：我 以前从没有过学习手语的冲动 分析可知故选 C。 44. D 考查形容词辨析。official：官方的 foreign：外国的 body：肢体的 spoken：口语的 根据前文 My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.可知作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，作者 认为在平时的交流中，再加上肢体语言就足够了。body language：肢体语言 故选 D。 45. A 考查名词辨析。love：热爱 concern：关心，顾虑 goal：目标 request：请求 句意：我没想 过我会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中 I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before 作者表明以前从未想过学习手语，而根据后文内容可知作者非常喜欢手语。故选 A。 46. C 考查名词辨析。meeting：会议 trip：旅行 story：故事 task：任务 句意：故事发生在我上 大学的第一周 分析可知在这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情，故选 C。 47. B 考查动词辨析。record：记录 perform：表现，表演 recite：背诵 discuss：讨论 句意： 在 ASL 俱乐部表演一首歌的翻译时，我正观看着。分析可知 ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，应该是在用手语表 演一首歌。故选 B。 48. A 考查名词辨析。idea：想法 amount：数量 dream：梦想 reason：原因 句意：手部的动作和不 用语言进行交流的想法吸引了我 分析可知作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是为了想借助手势进行交流。 故选 A。 49. D 考查动词辨析。disturb：打扰 support：支持 embarrass：使...难堪 attract：吸引 分析 语境可知 ASL 俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，否则作者也不会去学习手语。故选 D。 50. B 考查名词辨析。end：结束，末尾 past：过去 course：课程 distance：距离 句意：我所 看到的和我在过去经历的事情完全不同。 固定短语 in the past：在过去 故选 B。 51.D 考查动词辨析。show：展示 act：行动 say：说 want：想要 句意：这种新奇的感觉使我想了解 更多。分析语境可知作者被手语吸引，想要进一步了解，所以也有了后文中的参加手语俱乐部的会议，上 手语课的经历。故选 D。 52.B 考查动词辨析。exercise：锻炼 explore：探索 express：表达 explain：解释 句意：在那 之后，我感觉到想要探索更多关于手语的东西，我参加了 ASL 俱乐部的一次会议。故选 B。 53．C 那天我只学会了写字母表。作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的写字母表。 当然，打印字母表、在字母表上签名、数字母表和学习手语都没有联系。print 打印；write 写；sign 签名； 打手势；count 数。故选 C。 54.A 考查形容词辨析。slow：缓慢的 steady：平稳的 normal：正常的 obvious：明显的 句意：我并 没有因为缓慢的进步而沮丧，相反我很兴奋。因为作者只学会了写字母表，所以进步是很慢的。故选 A。 55.C 考查动词辨析。chair：主持；使…入座 sponsor：赞助 attend：参加 organize：组织 句意：我下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议去学习我能学习的一切。attend meeting：参加会议 故选 C。 56.D 考查动词辨析。miss：错过，想念 pass：通过 give up：放弃 register for：报名注册 句意： 接下来的一个学期，我报名上了一个手语班。故选 D。 57.A 考查动词辨析。prohibit：禁止 welcome：欢迎 ignore：忽视 repeat：重复 句意：教授的耳朵 听不见，任何口语交流都是禁止的。根据后文 if there had been any talking 可知在课堂上没有口语交 流。故选 A。 58.C 考查副词辨析。lastly：最后，终于 thus：因此；如此 instead：反而 however：然而 句意：反 而，如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。根据前文 I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的。反而有口语交流会影响手语的学习。故选 C。 59.B 考查动词辨析。require：要求 cause：造成 allow：允许 expect：期待 句意：如果当时有口语 交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。故选 B。 60.D 考查形容词辨析。easy：简单的 popular：受欢迎的 quick：快速的 new：新的 句意：现在我很 感激当时的安静并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式 分析可知手语对于作者来说是一种新的交流方式，故 选 D。 2.【2017·新课标 II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 In1973,I was teaching elementary school.Each day,27kids 41 “The Thinking Laboratory.”That was the 42 students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too 43 . Freddy was an average 44 ,but not an average person .He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）.He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s 46 . Before the school year 47 ,I gave the kids a special 48 , T-sherts with the words “Verbs Are Your 49 on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs（动词）may seem dull ,most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. Ilearned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same 53 person I met forty years before .Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man 54 in his truck. Another time ,he 55 a friend money to buy a house . Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman 57 the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and 58 it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a 59 from Freddy’s mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.” I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling . Although Freddy was taken from us, we all 60 something from Freddy. 41. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran 42. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan 43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull 44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker 45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh 46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake 47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended 48.A.lesson B. gift C. report D. message 49. A.friends B.Awards C.Masters D.Tasks 50. A.simple B.unique C. fun D.clever 51. A.assessments B. comments C.instructions D.updates 52. A.graduation B. retirement C.separation D.resignation 53. A.daring B.modest C.caring D.smart 54. A.wait B.sleep C.study D.live 55. A.paid B.charged C.lent D.owed 56. A.observing B.preparing C. designing D.conducting 57. A.regretted B.avoided C.excused D.ignored 58. A.opened B.packed C.gave D.held 59. A.picture B.bill C.note D.diary 60. A.chose B.took C.expected D.borrowed 【解析】 41.B 考查动词词义辨析，A. built 建造， B. entered 进入， C. decorated 装饰， D. ran 跑 步，根据句意：每天，27 个孩子都会“进入”“思想实验室”，故选 B. 42.A 考查名词词义辨析，A. name 名字， B. rule 规则，C. brand 品牌， D. plan 计划，结合文意： 应该是“思想实验室”这个“名字”是同学们投票得来的，故选 A. 43.D 考查形容词词义辨析，A. small 小的，B. dark 黑的， C. strange 奇怪的， D. dull 无聊的， 由后文可知，同学们是因为“104 班级”这个名字太“无聊”才把名字改为“思想实验室”的，故选 D. 44.B 考查名词词义辨析，A. scholar 学者， B. student 学生， C. citizen 市民， D. worker 工人， 通读全文可知 Freddy 是作者的一名“学生”，故选 B. 45.D 考查动词词义辨析，A. speak 说， B. sing 唱歌， C. question 质问， D. laugh 大笑，结合 文意：对于好玩的事情，他会“笑”地最大声，故选 D. 46.A 考查名词词义辨析，A. misfortune 不幸， B. disbelief 怀疑，C. dishonesty 不诚实， D. mistake 错误，根据前句：Freddy 在有趣和富有同情心之间可以做到罕见的平衡，所以对于任何人的“不 幸”，他会很悲伤，故选 A. 47.D 考查动词词义辨析，A. changed 改变， B. approached 接近， C. returned 返回，D. ended 结束，结合句意：在学期“结束”之前，我……，故选 D. 48.B 考查名词词义辨析，A.lesson 课，教训， B.gift 礼物， C.report 报告，D.message 信息，根 据后文可知作者送给 Freddy 一件衬衫，即一个特殊的礼物，故选 B. 49.A 考查名词词义辨析，A.friends 朋友，B.Awards 奖， C.Masters 主人，D.Tasks 任务，结合文 意：衬衫上写着“动词是你的朋友”，故选 A. 50. C 考查形容词辨析。A simple 简单的，B.unique 独特的， C. fun 有趣的，D.clever 聪明的。 根据转折词 while，可知前后句意是相反的，故选 C。 51.D 考查名词词义辨析，A.assessments 评估，B. comments 评论，C.instructions 指导， D.updates 更新，根据句意：我遇到过以前的学生，他们常常会提供一些老同学的“最新情况”，故选 D. 52.A 考查名词词义辨析，A.graduation 毕业， B. retirement 退休，C.separation 分离， D.resignation 辞职，结合文意：在 Freddy 高中毕业后，做了好几份工作，故选 A. 53.C 考查形容词词义辨析，A.daring 勇敢的， B.modest 谦虚的，C.caring 贴心的， D.smart 聪明 的，根据后一句他让无家可归的人睡在了他的卡车上，可知他仍然是很爱关照人的，贴心的，故选 C. 54.B 考查动词词义辨析，A.wait 等待，B.sleep 睡觉， C.study 学习， D.live 居住，结合文意： 他让一位无家可归的人“睡在”他的卡车上，故选 B. 55.C 考查动词词义辨析，A.paid ，支付，B.charged 索要， C.lent 借出， D.owed 欠，结合文意： 还有一次，他借钱给朋友，让朋友买到房，故选 C. 56.D 考查动词词义辨析，A.observing 观察，B.preparing 准备，C. designing 设计， D.conducting 组织，实施，执行，结合上下文：我正在班级里组织一个专题研讨会的时候，突然有人敲门，故选 D. 57.C 考查动词词义辨析，A.regretted 后悔，遗憾，B.avoided 避免，C.excused 原谅，宽恕，D.ignored 忽视，结合上下文：因为当时正在上课，所以这名女子为自己的打断行为要求得到原谅，故选 C. 58A 考查动词词义辨析，A.opened 打开，B.packed 打包， C.gave 给予， D.held 握住，结合文意： 我停止教学，打开信，故选 A. 59.C 考查名词词义辨析，A.picture 图片， B.bill 账单，C.note 纸条，便笺， D.diary 日记，根 据后文的描述，可知衬衫上是一个便笺，上面写着……，故选 C. 60.B 考查动词词义辨析，A.chose 选择， B.took 拿走， C.expected 期待， D.borrowed 借入，结 合文意：尽管 Freddy 离开了我们，我们从他的身上也带走了一些东西，故选 B. 3.【2017·新课标 III】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air to the right woman. Bu t __41_ apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallahgher and have a Candian ___42_ __ . Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May, but their 43 ended and he did not want her ticket to 44 . The ticket had a strict no-transfer（不可转让） 45 , but since passport information was not required when 46 , any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can 47 it. “I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48 a lot of joy,” said Axani. He posted his 49 on a social networking website, and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallagbers with the 50 passports, “More 51 , there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in 52 their name to Elizabeth Gallagher,” Axani said. “It was absolutely out of 53 , thousands of e-mails, people around the world 54 their stories of travel.” Axani wrote in his post that he is not 55 anything in return and that the woman who uses the 56 ticket can choose to either travel with him or 57 the ticket and travel on her own. The 58 is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before 59 in Toronto on January 8. He said the 60 woman will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online. 41.A.benefits B.deposits C.retrictions D.examinations 42.A.orgin B.passport C.accent D.firend 43.A.holiday B.marriage C.dream D.relationship 44.A.go to waste B.come to mind C. go no sale D.come into effect 45.A.policy B.order C.parment D.schedule 46.A.applying B.booking C.checking D.bargaining 47.A.use B.borrow C.choose D.buy 48.A.sacrifice B.express C.experience D.provide 49.A.answer B.advice C.offer D.comment 50.A.same B.right C.now D.real 51. A. interesting B. annoying C. satisfying D. convincing 52. A. writing B. giving C. lending D. changing 53. A. touch B. question C. date D. control 54. A. admiring B. advertising C. sharing D. doubting 55. A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with 56. A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with 57. A. return B. take C. reserve D. hide 58. A. interview B. program C. trip D. meeting 59. A. ending B. calling C. repeating D. staying 60.A.honored B. lovely C. intelligent D. lucky 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一个加拿大青年在和女朋友分手后，希望免费赠送自己为女朋友 低价购买的环球航空旅行票的故事，体现了年轻人无私的精神。 41． 考查名词。A. benefits 利益；B. deposits 押金；C. restrictions 限制；D. examinations 考 试。根据后句内容 You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 可知申请免费环球旅 行是有条件限制的，需要是名叫 Elizabeth Gallagher、有加拿大护照的女子。 42. B 考查名词。A.orgin 来源； B. passport 护照；C.accent 口音；D.firend 朋友。据第三段 中 including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 30 passports 可知，申请人需 要有加拿大的护照。故选 B。 43. 考查名词。D A.holiday 假期； B.marriage 婚姻；C.dream 梦想；D.relationship 关系。 根据下文 Jordan Axani 转让机票可知他和女朋友关系结束了。 44. A 考查动词短语。A.go to waste 浪费；B.come to mind 想到；C. go no sale 开始销售； D.come into effect 开始生效。根据下文“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 28 a lot of joy,”可知他之所以把票想赠送给同名的人，目的是不想浪费掉机票。go to waste 浪费； come to mind 想到； go no sale 开始销售；come into effect 开始生效。故选 A。 45. A 考查名词。A.policy 政策；B.order 命令；C.payment 付款；D.schedule 计划，时间表。机 票都是实名制，而且不可以转让，根据情理和语境可知这是一种政策。policy 政策； order 命令；payment 付款；schedule 计划，时间表。故选 A。 46. B 考查动词。A.applying 申请；B.booking 预定； C.checking 核实； D.bargaining 讨价还价。 虽然机票不可转让，但是在预定的时候不需要护照的具体信息，因此在预定后这张机票可以给姓名相同的 人使用。故选 B。 47. A 考查动词。A.use 使用；B.borrow 借用； C.choose 选择； D.buy 购买。根据上文的介绍 可知，因为护照信息没有登记，所以任何一个名叫 Elizabeth Gallagher，而且拥有加拿大护照的人都可以 用这张机票。 48. C 考查动词。A.sacrifice 牺牲；B.express 表达；C.experience 经历； D.provide 提供。人 们如果能免费环球旅行，当然会享受到很多的乐趣，。 49. C 考查名词。A.answer 答案；B.advice 建议；C.offer 提议；D.comment 评论。根据上文可知 Jordan Axani 在社交网站上贴出的是自己的提议，即免费赠送机票。 50. B 考查形容词。A.same 同样的；B.right 正确的； C.now 现在；D.real 真的。根据句中 actual Elizabeth Gallagbers 以及文章首段对申请这张免费机票的要求可知，申请人要有同样的名字和加拿大的 护照。 51. A 考查形容词。A. interesting 有趣的； B. annoying 令人恼火的； C. satisfying 令人满意 的； D. convincing 令人信服的。根据空后内容可知有数百人想改名字，这当然是一件很有趣的事情。 52．考查动词。A. writing 写；B. giving 给；C. lending 借出；D. changing 改变。根据上文可知 申请的要求是需要和 Jordan Axani 前女友同名，所以有人甚至想改名字。 53．考查名词。A. touch 触动；B. question 问题；C. date 日期；D. control 控制。根据后句内容 可知，世界上的很多人都知道这件事，如果允许人们改名字的话，那么事情就会无法控制。 54. C 考查动词。A. admiring 羡慕；B. advertising 广告； C. sharing 分享；D. doubting 怀 疑。根据上文可知 Jordan Axan 收到了数千封邮件，所以很多人都知道他们旅行的故事。 55. B 考查动词。A. leaving 离开； B. looking for 寻找； C. losing 失去；D. dealing with 对 付。根据文章首段首句可知 Jordan Axan 是免费送给别人他多余的票，而不求回报。 56. D 考查形容词。A. single 单一的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. regular 定期的；D. extra 额外的。 根据上文第二段可知 Jordan Axan 在和女朋友分手后，女朋友的机票就是多余出来的了。 57. B 考查动词。A. return 回去；B. take 拿走；C. reserve 保留；D. hide 隐藏。根据空后内 容 and travel on her own 可知，申请到票的人可以和他一起旅行，也可以拿着票自己去旅行。 58．请在此填写小题的解析! 考查名词。A. interview 采访；B. program 项目；C. trip 旅行；D. meeting 会面。根据第三段末句 their stories of travel 可知，Jordan Axani 是在赠送环球旅行的飞机票。 59．考查动词。A. ending 结尾；B. calling 打电话；C. repeating 重复；D. staying 停留。根据 句意可知旅行是 December 21 从纽约出发，途经米兰、布拉格等多个城市，最后到达多伦多，结束旅行。 60．考查形容词。A. honored 感到光荣的；B. lovely 可爱的；C. intelligent 聪明的；D. lucky 幸 运的。文章介绍了 Jordan Axani 免费赠送环球旅行的机票的故事，所以能选上的人是幸运的人。 4. 【2017·北京卷】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。 Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very 37 .She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could 38 ,but,of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness. Later ,when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, 39 an old shopping trolley（购物车）which was piled with 40 . It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more 41 to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’ t 43 as bad. Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foudation ,an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to 45 “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to 46 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone`s spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada`s 48 and homeless. There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah`s Place”, something that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannah`s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that 50 outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51 .For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world. But 53 all this, Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people. Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world. You can,too! 36. A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving 37. A. annoyed B. nervous C. ashamed D. upset 38. A. behave B. manage C. help D. work 39. A. pushing B. carrying C. buying D. holding 40. A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags 41. A. excited B. determined C. energetic D. grateful 42. A. since B. unless C. although D. as 43. A. sound B. get C. feel D. look 44. A. exchange B. leave C. keep D. spread 45. A. sell B. deliver C. host D. pack 46. A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. agree 47. A. campaign B. trip C. procedure D. trial 48. A. elderly B. hungry C. lonely D. sick 49. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. sure 50 A. going B. sleeping C. traveling D. playing 51. A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments 52. A. needs B. interests C. dreams D. efforts 53. A. for B. through C. besides D. along 54. A. healthy B. public C. normal D. tough 55. A. choice B. profit C. judgement D. difference 【解析】 本文讲述 Hannah Taylor 通过自己的努力来建立公益组织筹集资金帮助那些无家可归忍饥挨饿的人。 36.考查动词。A. jumping 跳 B. eating 吃 C. crying 哭 D. waving 挥手。他们看见一个人 从垃圾桶里捡东西吃，根据后文的 hungry 可知答案为 B。 37．考查形容词。A. annoyed 生气的 B. nervous 紧张的 C. ashamed 羞耻的 D. upset 难 过的。Hannah 看到那一情景，肯定很难过，选 D。 38．考查动词。A. behave 表现,行为举止 B. manage 成功做 C. help 帮助 D. work 工作。Hannah 开始思考她如何能帮到他们，根据句意选 C。 39.考查动词。A. pushing 推 B. carrying 拿 C. buying 买 D. holding 握。购物车肯定是推着的， 根据逻辑常识可推出，故选 A。 40.考查名词。A. goods 货物 B. bottles 瓶子 C. foods 食物 D. bags 包。因为是流浪者，所以随 身的东西肯定都是用包装好的，故车上堆满了包，里面装满了东西，选 D。 41.考查形容词。A. excited 激动的 B. determined 下决心的，坚定的 C. energetic 精力充沛的 D. grateful 感激的。Hannah 很难过，所以她更加下定决心一定要把这件事做好，故选 B。 42.考查连词。A. since 自从 B. unless 除非 C. although 尽管 D . as 因为。句意：自从他们第 一次看到无家可归的人，Hannah 就一直在跟她的妈妈说流浪者的生活，根据句意可知选 A。 43.考查动词。A. sound 听 B. get 获得 C. feel 感觉. Look 看。她妈妈告诉她只要她付出努力 去改变那些让她难过的事情，就不会和以前一样感觉那么糟糕了，此处指的是感觉上，故选 C。 44.考查动词。A. exchange 交换 B. leave 离开 C. keep 保持 D. spread 传播。她希望她那带 着希望和意识的信息能够传播开来，根据句意可知选 D。 45.考查动词。A. sell 卖 B. deliver 传送; 投递 C. host 主办宴会 D. pack 打包。 她开 始主办大老板午餐会，说服那些商业领导们为她的慈善事业做出一些奉献，此处考查 host 的特殊用法，主 办宴会的意思，符合语境，选 C。 46.考查动词。A. contribute 贡献，捐献 B. lead 领导 C. apply 申请，应用 D. agree 同意。她试 图劝说那些商业领导们能为她的慈善事业做出些奉献，根据句意可知选 A。 47.考查名词。A. campaign 运动 B. trip 旅行 C. procedure 过程 D. trial 实验。基金会又举 办了一项运动，来筹集资金，根据句意和逻辑推理可知选 A。 48.考查形容词。A. elderly 年纪大的 B. hungry 饥饿的 C. lonely 孤独的 D. sick 生病的。此 处是指为那些饥饿的人和无家可归的人，前文中第一次出现的就是从垃圾桶里找东西吃的人让 Hannah 很难 过，所以她的帮助对象肯定包含饥饿的人，选 B。 49.考查形容词。A. aware 意识的 B. afraid 害怕的 C. proud 骄傲的 D. sure 肯定的。前面提到为 那些无家可归的人见建了一个名为 Hannah`s Place 的地方，以她的名字命名的，所以 Hannah 肯定非常骄 傲，自豪，故选 C。 50.考查动词。A. going 去 B. sleeping 睡 C. traveling 旅行 D. playing 玩。当天冷到在 室外睡觉就意味着死的时候，这个避难所就会给那些无家可归的人，根据句意可知选 B。 51.考查名词。A. praises 赞美 B. invitations 邀请 C. replies 回复 D. appointments 约会。她收到 了很多的赞美。因为下文有这方面的举例，给她颁奖，故答案为 A。 52.考查名词。A. needs 需要 B. interests 兴趣 C. dreams 梦想 D. efforts 努力。此处是 指这个奖项是为了认可年轻人改变这个世界所作出的努力，根据句意可知选 D。 53.考查介词。A. for 为了 B. through 通过 C. besides 此外 D. along 沿着。但是经过所有这些之 后，Hannah 依然过着 Winnipeg 学校一名女生的普通的生活，根据句意可知选 B。 54．考查形容词。A. healthy 健康的 B. public 公共的 C. normal 正常的，普通的 D. tough 艰难的。Hannah 依然过着 Winnipeg 学校一名女生的普通的生活，根据句意可知答案为 C。 55．考查名词。A. choice 选择 B. profit 利润 C. judgement 判断 D. difference 不同。此处 为固定短语：make a difference：起作用，有影响，选 D。 5. 【2017·浙江卷】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并 在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a 36 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They 37 various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was 38 that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more 39 to her than mountain of gold. The books are in every language — new books, ancient books, 40 a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old. She had asked the government for 41 to move the books to a 42 place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. 43 , she brought books home every night, 44 her car late after work. Her friends came to 45 her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books. All through the 47 , Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, 48 them over the seven-foot wall and 49 them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war 50 . Then nine days laters, a fire burned the 51 to the ground. One day, the bombing stopped and the 52 left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be 53 again while the city was 54 . So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library. 36. A. meeting B. working C. personal D. religious 37. A. raised B. handled C. reported D. discussed 38. A. worried B. angry C. doubtful D. curious 39. A. practical B. precious C. reliable D. expensive 40. A. then B. still C. even D. rather 41. A. permission B. confirmation C. explanation D. information 42. A. large B. public C. distant D. safe 43. A. Fortunately B. Surprisingly C. Seriously D. Secretly 44. A. starting B. parking C. filling D. testing 45. A. stop B. help C. warn D. rescue 46. A. intended B. pretended C. happened D. agreed 47. A. war B. night C. building D. way 48. A. put B. opened C. passed D. threw 49. A. hid B. exchanged C.burnt D. distributed 50. A. approached B. erupted C. continued D. ended 51. A. restaurant B. library C. city D. wall 52. A. neighbours B. soldiers C. friends D. customers 53. A. sold B. read C. saved D. moved 54. A. occupied B. bombed C. quiet D. busy 55. A. dreamed of B. believed in C. cared about D. looked for 【解析】 36.考查形容词。A.meeting 会议的；B.working 工作的；C.personal 个人的；D.religious 虔诚的。 根据后文“for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge”,可知图书馆是为那些喜爱书，喜 欢分享知识的人而建立的，因此“her library used to be a ___place”她的图书馆是这些人集会、碰面 的地方。故选 A。 37.考查动词。A.raised 举起、抬高；B.handled 应付、处理；C.reported 报道；D.discussed 讨论。 根据“They___various matters all over the world”,根据语境，应该是他们讨论世界大事。故选 D。 38.考查形容词。A.worried 担心；B.angry 生气；C.doubtful 怀疑的；D.curious 好奇的。根据后文 “So Alia took matters into her own hands”，Alia 用双手搬书，可知“Alia was ___that the fires of war would destroy the books”,Alia 担心战火会破坏书。故选 A。 39.考查形容词。A.practical 实践的；B.precious 珍贵的；C.reliable 可靠的；D.expensive 昂贵的。 根据后文“which are more__to her than mountains of gold”,由 more 可知，是将书与金山作比较，可 见书的珍贵性。故选 B。 40.考查副词。A.then 然后；B.still 仍然；C.even 甚至；D.rather 稍微。根据“a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old”,这本关于伊拉克历史的书已经有了七百年的历史，因此是 比较宝贵的，与前面“new books,ancient books”是一种层次上的上升与递进关系。故选 C。 41.考查名词。A.permission 许可；B.confirmation 确认；C.explanation 解释；D.information 信息。 根据“She had asked the government for__to move the books to a__place”,可知她想获得政府的许 可，将书转移到安全的地方。故选 A。 42.考查形容词。A.large 大的；B.public 公共的；C.distant 遥远的；D.safe 安全的。根据“She had asked the government for permission to move the books to a__place”,她想获得政府的许可，将书 转移到（ ）的地方。故选 D。 43.考查副词。A.Fortunately 幸运地；B.Surprisingly 惊奇地；C.Seriously 严重地；D.Secretly 秘 密地。根据“she brought books home every night”,可知她是在秘密地转移书籍。故选 D。 44.考查动词。A. Starting 开始；B.parking 停车；C.filling 装满；D.testing 测试。根据“__her car late after work”,可知，在工作之后，她的车都被书装满的。故选 C。 45.考查动词。A.stop 停止；B.help 帮助；C.warn 警告；D.rescue 营救。根据后文“Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books.”可知，她的朋友们都过来帮她转移书。故选 B。 46.考查动词。A. intended 打算；B. pretended 假装；C. happened发生；D. agreed 同意。根据 “Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books”根据语境分析，Anis 同意把书藏在她的饭店 里面。故选 D。 47.考查名词。 A. war 战争；B. night 夜晚 C. building 楼房；D. way 方法。根据前文“she brought books home every night,”所以与之相对应“All through the 47 ”，故选 B。 48．考查固定词组。A. put 放；B. opened，打开；C. passed ，通过；D. threw 扔。根据“the seven-foot wall”七英尺高的墙，可知，他们是越过 pass over 七英尺高的墙。故选 C。 49．考查动词。A. hid ，隐藏；B. exchanged，交换；C.burnt ，燃烧；D. distributed ，分发。 根据“pass them over the seven-foot wall and 49 them in the restaurant”由 and 可知前后两句 为并列关系，他们越过七英尺高的墙，把书藏起来。故选 A。 50.考查动词。A. approached 接近；B. erupted 爆发；C. continued D. ended 结束。由后文 “Then nine days laters, a fire burned the 51 to the ground.”可知，战争仍在继续。故选 C。 51.考查名词。A. restaurant 饭店；B. library 图书馆；C. city 城市；D. wall 墙壁。根据 后文“Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library”可知原来的图书馆已 经损毁，所以“a fire burned the 51 to the ground.”战火蔓延到了图书馆。故选 B。 52.考查名词。A. neighbours 邻居；B. soldiers 士兵；C. friends 朋友；D. customers 顾 客。“the bombing stopped and the 52 lef”，and 连接两个并列句，轰炸停止，与之相对应的是，士 兵离开了。故选 B。 53.考查动词。A. sold 卖；B. read 阅读；C. saved 救；D. moved 移动。根据“So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区)”，可知，她决定要 再次移动书。故选 D。 54.考查形容词。A. occupied 占据；B. bombed 轰炸；C. quiet 安静的；D. busy 忙的。“the bombing stopped and the soldiers left”根据语境，战争刚结束，城市应该很安静。 55.考查动词词组。A. dreamed of 梦想；B. believed in 相信；C. cared about 关心；D. looked for 寻找。根据“Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library.”可知， 她期望和平的到来。故选 A。 7.【2017·江苏卷】完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分) 请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。 For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, __36__across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, __37__at school for practice hours __38__ anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to__39__music, as he hated getting to school extra early. __40___, one day, in the music class that was __41__of his school’s standard curriculum, he was playing idly (随意地)on the piano and found it ____42___to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually __43__doing it. He tried to hide his __44__pleasure from the music teacher, who had __45__over to listen. He might not have done this particularly well, __46__the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good___47__and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there __48__him. There he decided to give the cello(大提琴) a __49__. When he began practicing, he took it very __50__. But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was __51__to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well. This __52__, of course, that he arrived at school early in the morning, __53__his heavy instrument case across the campus to the __54__looks of the non-musicians he had left__55__. 36.A.travelling B.marching C.pacing D.struggling 37. A.rising up B.coming up C.driving up D.turning up 38. A.before B.after C.until D.since 39. A.betray B.accept C.avoid D.appreciate 40. A.Therefore B.However C.Thus D.Moreover 41. A.part B.nature C.basis D.spirit 42. A.complicate B.safe C.confusing D.easy 43. A.missed B.disliked C.enjoyed D.denied 44. A.transparent B.obvious C.false D.similar 45. A.run B.jogged C.jumped D.wandered 46. A.because B.but C.though D.so 47. A.ear B.taste C.heart D.voice 48. A.occurred to B.took to C.appealed D.held to 49. A.change B.chance C.mission D.function 50. A.seriously B.proudly C.casually D.admitted 51. A.committed B.used C.limited D.admitted 52. A.proved B.showed C.stressed D.meant 53. A.pushing B.dragging C.lifting D.rushing 54. A.admiring B.pitying C.annoying D.teasing 55. A.over B.aside C.behind D.out 【答案】36-40. DDACB 41-45. ADCBD 46-50. AACBC 51-55. ADBBC 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述 Gabriel 看到学音乐的学生拿着重重的音乐器材穿过校园， 早上早练好几个小时，便不想学习音乐；然而，一天他不经意地弹奏，发现他喜欢弹奏。因此他开始经历 了那些学音乐的学生的历程。 36．根据“with their heavy instrument cases”可知，每天上学的时候，Gabriel 总是同情地看着 背着沉重的乐器的同学们艰难地穿梭于校园中，struggle 努力，艰难地行进，斗争，符合语境。 37. D 考查上下文串联。根据“ __37__at school for practice hours __38__ anyone else”可知， 学习音乐的同学需要比不学音乐的早到学校几个小时，为了练习弹奏乐器，turn up 原意“调高(音量)”， 在此意为“出现”，符合语境。 38. A 考查上下文串联。“anyone else”指不学音乐的学生，学习音乐的要比规定的到校时间早到几 个小时，before anyone else had to be there 比规定的到校时间早几个小时。这也是 Gabriel 不想学习 音乐的原因之一。 39. C 考查上下文串联。本题需要结合语境进行选择。根据“as he hated getting to school extra early” 可知，Gabriel 讨厌过早到校，因此他对自己发誓“不学”音乐，A 背叛；B 接受；C 避免，避开；D 欣赏。 注意单词在文章中的灵活翻译，只有 C 项符合语境。 40. B 考查上下文串联。本段讲 Gabriel 在一次音乐课上意外发现自己很喜欢音乐，与上一段是转折关 系， 故选 B。 41. A 考查名词辨析和句意理解。that was __41__of his school’s standard curriculum 是定语从 句，音乐课是学 校的标准课程的一部分，言外之意就是说，每个学生都得上这门音乐课。 42. D 考查上下文串联。根据下句“actually... tried to hide... pleasure”等词或词组可以看出， Gabriel 在音乐中找到了乐趣，并试图隐藏这份愉悦，由此可知，第 38 空的意思是“演奏音乐很容易”。 只有 D 项符合语境。 43. C 考查上下文串联。根据 actually 可知，Gabriel 对音乐的看法有了变化，他实际上是喜欢音乐 的，A/B/D 都是有否定倾向的词，不符合语境。 44. B 考查近义词辨析和上下文串联。Gabriel 不想让音乐老师看到自己表露出来的很明显的喜悦之情， transparent 指(谎言、借口)易看穿的；obvious 明显的，显然的，故选 B。 45. D 考查动词辨析。A.run 跑，经营；B.jogged 慢跑；C.jumped 跳；D.wandered 漫游，闲逛，徘徊。 音乐老师在教室里来回走动，听到 Gabriel 弹奏钢琴的声音，就走过来聆听。wander 符合语境。 46．A 根据语境可知，他可能没那么好，因为老师告诉过他，虽然有很好的品味，但还是建议他去音乐 室看看是否有他适合的乐器。前后句表示因果。because 因为，符合语境，故选 A 项；but 但是；though 尽 管；so 因此。 47．A 根据上文可知，他随意弹奏就能成曲子，说明他有乐感。a good ear 有好的鉴赏力，符合语境。 taste 味道，品味；heart 心；voice 声音。 48. C 考查词组辨析。A.occur to sb 某人突然想起；B.take to 开始喜欢；C.appeal to 有吸引力， 引起兴趣；D.hold to 抓住。老师让 Gabriel 找一件自己喜欢的乐器。 49. B 考查名词辨析和上下文串联。A.change 改变，零钱；B.chance 机会，可能性；C.mission 任务； D.function 功能。Gabriel 准备试一下大提琴。给大提琴一次机会，即尝试拉一下大提琴，其余不符合语 境。 50. C 考查上下文串联。根据 But 可知，前后是转折关系，下句说 Gabriel 发现自己很喜欢大提琴，说 明前一句是说他只是随便拉一下。 51. A 考查固定搭配和上下文串联。be committed to sth/ doing sth 致力于；be used to doing sth 某人习惯于做 某事；be limited to 被限制在；be admitted to 被录取，允许进入某地。根据“so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well”可知，花了几个月的时间练习之后，Gabriel 的大提琴已经拉得非 常好了。 52. D 考查上下文串联。本段与第一段呼应。学习音乐意味着早到学校，要把沉重的乐器背来背去，meant 在此意为“意味着”，构成句型 It/This means that...这就意味着......。 53. B 考查上下文串联。开始学习音乐之后，Gabriel 不得不拖着沉重的乐器早早地到学校练习拉琴。 drag 指吃力地拖、拉某物，符合语境。 54. B 考查上下文串联。根据“non-musicians”可知，这里指不学音乐的学生的表情，根据第一段可 知，不学音乐的学生对学音乐的投去同情的目光，故选 pitying。 55．C 根据上题解析可知，他现在看到他曾留下的非音乐学生的同情的表情。leave behind 留下，符 合语境。leave over 剩下；leave aside 搁置；leave out 遗漏，省去。