专题 04 语法填空(第 01 期)
-2021 届全国 3+1+2 模式高三名校英语好题速递分项汇编(解析版)
【2021 年湖北省八市高三(3 月)联考】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
Shanghai is a window into a China that is open to the world. Shanghai is the place where East meets West,
36. where China meets the world. Shanghai culture is amazing, and the city is filled with smart people, dynamic
interactions, a 37. ( willing) to move and an appetite for being modern while embracing diversity and creating
38.business friendly environment. Shanghai is a people-centric city. I stayed in Shanghai during the pandemic and
now my perception of the city 39. (change) as 1 experienced a city that cares about its citizens regardless of their
nationality and origin. I felt 40. (protect) and safe during the crisis. I was very touched when Shanghai set up a
hotline for foreigners to help 41. (they) during the crisis.
Shanghai is a big city in the world. While it is 42.( deep) rooted in Chinese culture, Shanghai has also moved
43. the times and become a modern metropolis From doing sports and running on Bund to traditional Chinese art
or modern Western art museums, every activity is feasible in Shanghai. 44. I like the most are the traditional wet
markets, restaurants 45. (offer) various dishes and the numerous cultural activities that are available there.
【答案】36.and37.willingness38.a39.has changed40.protected41.them42.deeply43.with44.What45.offering
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了作者在疫情期间生活在上海的体验,以及上海的风土人情。
36.考查连词。句意:上海是东西方交流的地方,也是中国与世界交流的地方。分析可知,where East meets
West 和 where China meets the world 为并列的定语从句,修饰先行词 place,所以用并列连词 and。故填 and。
37.考查名词。句意:上海的文化令人惊叹,这座城市充满了聪明的人,充满活力的互动,人们愿意迁移,
渴望现代化,同时包容多样性,创造了一个友好的商业环境。根据空前的 a 可知,空处填名词,表示“意愿”。
故填 willingness。
38.考查冠词。句意:上海的文化令人惊叹,这座城市充满了聪明的人,充满活力的互动,人们愿意迁移,
渴望现代化,同时包容多样性,创造了一个友好的商业环境。此处的“商业友好的环境”为单数,所以用不定
冠词。故填 a。
39.考查时态。句意:疫情期间我住在上海,现在我对这个城市的看法已经改变了,因为我感受到了它是
一个关心市民的城市,不管他们的国籍和出身如何。“改变”这一动作从过去持续到现在,并且有可能持续下
去,所以用现在完成时。主语 perception 为单数,注意主谓一致。故填 has changed。
40.考查非谓语动词。句意:在危机期间,我感到受到保护和安全。感官动词 feel 后跟形容词,表示主语
的状态。protected 意为“受保护的”,符合句意。故填 protected。
41.考查代词。句意:当上海为外国人开通热线帮助他们渡过危机时,我非常感动。动词 help 后面要用人
称代词的宾格作宾语。故填 them。
42.考查副词。句意:在深深扎根于中国文化的同时,上海也与时俱进,成为一座现代化的大都市。修饰
动词短语 be rooted in 要用副词。故填 deeply。
43.考查介词。句意:在深深扎根于中国文化的同时,上海也与时俱进,成为一座现代化的大都市。表示“随
着……变化”为短语 move with。故填 with。
44.考查名词性从句。句意:我最喜欢的是传统的菜市场,提供各种各样菜肴的餐馆和众多的文化活动。
分析可知,该句为主语从句做主语,从句缺宾语,表示“我最喜欢的是”,因此用 what 引导,句首字母需大
写。故填 What。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意:我最喜欢的是传统的菜市场,提供各种各样菜肴的餐馆和众多的文化活动。
分析可知,此处 offer 用非谓语动词做定语,修饰 restaurants,且两者之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词。
故填 offering。
【福建省福州市 2021 届高中毕业班 3 月质量检测】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内
单词的正确形式。
The ox has a significant place in Chinese culture. Centuries ago, most people earned their living through
farming and the ox was used 36.(help) farm and carry heavy goods. Ancient Chinese poets and writers
37.(frequent) described the ox in literature. In the Classic of Poetry, the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry,
the animal 38.(mention) several times.
The ox is considered a symbol of diligence and 39. (sincere). To this day, the phrase “the spirit of ox” still
refers40. conquering anything that may present itself as an obstacle. The spirit is highly praised and many people
follow it as their work ethic(准则). When 41. comes to someone who gains a great achievement through hard
work, people often use “niu”, 42.(mean) “awesome”, to describe him or her.
Oxen seldom bully the weak or fear 43. strong. They work hard and make sacrifices. This is reflected in a
poem by Lu Xun: “Headbowed, like a willing ox, I serve the children.” The poem 44. (imply) that Lu Xun would
serve the people heart and soul and would never give in to enemies, 45. fully expresses the poet’s loyalty to the
people.
【答案】36.to help37.frequently38.was mentioned39.sincerity40.to41.it42.meaning43.the44.implies45.which
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国的“牛”文化。
36.考查动词不定式。句意:几个世纪前,大多数人靠务农谋生,牛被用来帮助耕种和搬运重物。固定搭
配 be used to do sth.(被用来做某事),用动词不定式(to do)形式,故填 to help。
37.考查副词。句意:中国古代诗人和作家经常在文学作品中描写牛。此处用副词 frequently(经常)作状
语修饰动词 described。故填 frequently。
38.考查时态和语态。句意:在现存最古老的中国诗集《诗经》中,这种动物被多次提及。此处缺乏谓语,
由句意可知,事情已发生,时态用一般过去时,主语 the animal 和谓语动词 mention 是被动关系,用一般过
去时的被动语态(was/were done),主语 the animal 是单数,谓语也用单数形式。故填 was mentioned。
39.考查名词。句意:牛被认为是勤奋和真诚的象征。a symbol of diligence and ____4____是名词所有格,
此处用名词 sincerity(真诚)与 and 前面的名词 diligence 保持一致。故填 sincerity。
40.考查固定搭配。句意:直到今天,“三牛精神”这个短语仍然是指征服任何可能成为障碍的东西。固定搭
配 refer to…(指……)。故填 to。
41.考查固定句型。句意:当谈到一个通过努力工作取得巨大成就的人时,人们常常用“牛”来形容他或她,
意思是“棒极了”。固定句型 When it comes to…(当提到……)。故填 it。
42.考查现在分词。句意:当谈到一个通过努力工作取得巨大成就的人时,人们常常用“牛”来形容他或她,
意思是“棒极了”。“people often use “niu”, ____7____(mean) “awesome”, to describe him or her”本句已有谓
语 use 且无连词,mean 用非谓语形式,主语 people 和动词 mean 是逻辑上的主动关系,用现在分词(doing)
表主动,作状语。故填 meaning。
43.考查冠词。句意:牛很少欺负弱者或害怕强者。“the +形容词”可表一类人,the strong 表“强者”。故填
the。
44.考查时态。句意:这首诗寓意着鲁迅全心全意为人民服务,永不向敌人屈服,充分表达了诗人对人民
的忠诚。此处缺乏谓语,由句意可知,讲的是一个事实,时态用一般现在时,主语 The poem 是单数,谓语
也用单数形式。故填 implies。
45.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这首诗寓意着鲁迅全心全意为人民服务,永不向敌人屈服,充分表达
了诗人对人民的忠诚。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是 The poem,指物,在从句中作主语,用关系代
词故 which。填 which。
【福建省泉州市 2021 届(3 月)高三质量监测(三)】阅读下列材料,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号
内单词的正确形式。
It was the first time that Sudeshna Sarkar,36.Beijing Review editor visited Fuping County, Hebei Province in
north China.
"Three, two, one! Give the Link!" She shouted37.(excited)in Chinese, reminding her audience that the sale
was on38.they could start buying Fuping specialties at considerable discounts.
"I have seen farmers live-stream to sell goods online during COVID-19. Live-streaming bas become one of
China's most39.(effect)ways to fight poverty. Inspired by that, I want to live-stream to see if I can make some
small contributions40.(help)Fuping farmers sell their goods one day," she said.
Besides trying out the items on sale, including Chinese date, wild jujube juice and dried button mushroom, she
took her audience to a mushroom greenhouse to learn41.the local poverty-relief industry operates. And, yes, she
also performed an off-the-cuff Indian dance in response42.the audience's request.
Over 50000 people watched the live-streaming. The activity got 590,00043.(like).
According to the latest report44.(release)by China Internet Network Information Center, the number of
Chinese live-streaming shoppers was 265 million,45.(account)for 37.2 percent of online shoppers and 47.3 percent
of live-streamers.
【答案】36.a37.excitedly38.and39.effective40.to help41.how42.to43.likes44.released45.accounting
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍网上直播销售商品帮助农民卖农产品。
36.考查冠词。句意:这是《北京评论》编辑 Sudeshna Sarkar 第一次访问中国北部的河北省阜平县。editor
为可数名词,这里为泛指,又 Beijing Review 发音以辅音音素开头。故填 a。
37.考查副词。句意:她兴奋地用中文喊着,提醒她的观众,特价开始了,他们可以开始以相当大的折扣
购买富平特色菜了。修饰动词 shouted,用副词形式。故填 excitedly。
38.考查连词。句意:她兴奋地用中文喊着,提醒她的观众,特价开始了,他们可以开始以相当大的折扣
购买富平特色菜了。前后句之间为并列关系,所以用连词 and。故填 and。
39.考查形容词。句意:直播已成为中国对抗贫困最有效的方式之一。修饰名词 ways,前用形容词形式。
故填 effective。
40.考查非谓语动词。句意:受此启发,我想要直播,看看有一天我能不能为富平的农民卖东西做出一点
小小的贡献。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填 to help。
41.考查名词性从句。句意:除了尝了尝市面上的红枣、野枣汁和干蘑菇,她还带着观众们去了一个蘑菇
温室,了解当地的扶贫产业是如何运作的。本句为宾语从句,从句缺少方式状语,所以用连接副词 how。
故填 how。
42.考查短语。句意:她还应观众的要求即兴表演了一段印度舞。in response to“回应”,固定短语。故填 to。
43.考查名词的数。句意:该活动获得了 59 万个赞。like 为可数名词,根据 590,000 可知用复数形式。故
填 likes。
44.考查非谓语动词。句意:根据中国互联网络信息中心发布的最新报告,中国网络直播购物者人数为 2.65
亿,占网络购物者的 37.2%,占网络直播者的 47.3%。名词 report 与 release 之间为被动关系,用过去分词作
定语。故填 released。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意:根据中国互联网络信息中心发布的最新报告,中国网络直播购物者人数为 2.65
亿,占网络购物者的 37.2%,占网络直播者的 47.3%。account for 占……,与逻辑主语之间为主动关系,所
以用现在分词作状语。故填 accounting。
用单词的适当形式完成短文【福建省厦门市 2021 届高三下学期第一次质量检测】
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In many Asian, African and Latin American cultures, 36. (extend) eye contact is impolite and it is thought of
37. an offensive or a challenge of authority. It 38. (consider) politer to have brief eye contact, especially between
people of different 39. (society) status (like a student and a teacher, or a child and his elder relatives). For example,
if a Japanese woman avoids 40.(look) someone in the eye, she is not showing a lack of interest nor is she showing
a lack of confidence. Instead, she is being polite, respectful and appropriate according to her culture. So in many of
these cultures, you should take care of what kind of eye contact you initiate with those who are your 41. (superior)
or in authority over you, so that you are not thought to be disrespectful or rude. As you can see, it is vital for you
42. (know) what eye contact communicates before you visit a new culture.
Before you travel, you can either look up relevant information in your local public library 43. check out a
book about the culture of the country you plan to visit in a bookstore. Learn how to make use of eye contact and
other body language 44. (flexible) so that you are perceived to be polite, and so that you can better connect with
people 45. are foreign to you!
【答案】36.extended37.as38.is considered39.social40.looking41.superiors42.to
know43.or44.flexibly45.who/that
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在一些文化中眼神交流的意义,并建议人们在去新的文化拜访
时,先了解当地眼神交流和其他肢体语言。
36.考查形容词。句意:在很多亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲的文化中,过度的眼神接触被认为是不礼貌的,它
被认为是一种冒犯或对权威的挑战。分析可知,此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词词组 eye contact,extended“长
期的”符合语境。故填 extended。
37.考查介词。句意:在很多亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲的文化中,过度的眼神接触被认为是不礼貌的,它被
认为是一种冒犯或对权威的挑战。根据句意可知,此处为固定搭配 think of...as“把......看作”的被动形式 be
thought of as。故填 as。
38.考查时态和语态。句意:简短的眼神交流被认为是更加礼貌的,尤其当两个人的社会地位不同时(例
如老师和学生,或者孩子和他/她年长的亲人)。分析可知,此处为句子谓语动词,结合语境可知此处为一般
现在时,it 是形式主语,真正的主语是 to have brief eye contact,它和 consider 之间是被动关系,应用一般现
在时的被动语态。故填 is considered。
39.考查形容词。句意:简短的眼神交流被认为是更加礼貌的,尤其当两个人的社会地位不同时(例如老
师和学生,或者孩子和他/她年长的亲人)。分析可知,此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词 status,social status“社
会地位”。故填 social。
40.考查固定短语。句意:例如,如果一个日本女性避免直视某人的眼睛,这既不表示她不感兴趣,也不
表示她缺乏自信。此处为固定短语 avoid doing“避免做某事”,应用动名词作宾语。故填 looking。
41.考查名词的数。句意:因此,在很多这样的文化中,你应该注意与你的上级或者比你有权的人进行什
么样的眼神交流,这样你才不会被认为是无礼或粗鲁的。根据 your 和 are 可知此处应用名词复数形式作表
语。故填 superiors。
42.考查不定式。句意:正如你所见,在你访问一个新的文化之前,了解眼神交流所传达的信息是至关重
要的。分析可知,此处为固定句型 it is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事是......”,其中 it 是形式
主语,不定式是真正的主语。故填 to know。
43.考查连词。句意:在旅行前,你要么可以在当地图书馆查阅相关的信息,要么在书店买一本关于你计
划去的国家的书。根据句意可知,此处为固定搭配 either...or...“要么......要么......;或者......或者......”。故填 or。
44.考查副词。句意:学会灵活运用眼神交流等肢体语言,这样人们会觉得你有礼貌,并且能更好地与陌
生人交流。分析可知,此处应用副词修饰动词短语 make use of eye contact。故填 flexibly。
45.考查定语从句。句意:学会灵活运用眼神交流等肢体语言,这样人们会觉得你有礼貌,并且能更好地
与陌生人交流。分析可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词为 people,关系词代替它在从句中充当主语,应用
关系代词 who/that。故填 who/that。
【广东省梅州市 2021 届高三总复习质检试卷(一模)】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括
号内单词的正确形式。,
In ancient times, a King had a huge stone placed on a roadway. He then 36. (hide) himself and watched
37. (see) if anyone would move the stone out of the way. Some of the king’s wealthiest merchants and courtiers
(侍臣) came by and 38. (simple) walked around it.
Many people loudly blamed the King 39. not keeping the roads clear, 40. none of them did anything about
getting the stone out of the way.
A peasant then came along 41. (carry) a load of vegetables. Upon approaching the stone, 42. peasant laid
down his burden and tried to push the stone out of the road. After much pushing and struggling, he was finally
43. (succeed).
After the peasant went back to pick up his vegetables, he noticed a purse lying in the road 44. die stone had
been. The purse contained many gold 45. (coin) and a note from the King explaining that the gold was for the
person who removed the stone from the roadway.
【答案】36.hid37.to see38.simply39.for40.but41.carrying42.the43.successful44.where45.coins
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。一位国王在路上放了一块大石头,看是否有人会把石头移开。但是很多人都只
是绕着走。最后一名农夫移走了石头,国王奖励了他很多金币。
36.考查动词时态。句意:然后他藏了起来,看是否有人会把石头移开。根据 In ancient times, a King had a huge
stone placed on a roadway.可知,此处是讲过去的事,应用一般过去时。故填 hid。
37.考查非谓语动词。句意:然后他藏了起来,看是否有人会把石头移开。这个国王藏起来是为了看是否
有人会把石头移开,所以用不定式表目的。故填 to see。
38.考查副词。句意:国王的一些最富有的商人和朝臣经过这里,只是绕着它走。修饰动词 walked,应用
副词。故填 simply。
39.考查介词。句意:许多人大声指责国王没有保持道路畅通,但没有人采取任何行动把石头移开。blame
sb. for 意为“因为……而责备某人”,为固定搭配。故填 for。
40.考查连词。句意:许多人大声指责国王没有保持道路畅通,但没有人采取任何行动把石头移开。“Many
people loudly blamed the King for not keeping the roads clear”和后文“none of them did anything about getting the
stone out of the way”构成转折关系。故填 but。
41.考查非谓语动词。句意:这时,一位农民扛着一车蔬菜走过来。动词 carry 和谓语 came 之间没有连词,
应用非谓语形式。动词 carry 和逻辑主语 A peasant 构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词一般式作伴随状语。
故填 carrying。
42.考查冠词。句意:当农夫走近那块石头时,他放下担子,试着把石头推到路边。前文已经提到过 peasant,
所以此处再次提及应为特指。故填 the。
43.考查形容词。句意:经过一番努力和奋斗,他终于成功了。此处是指他最后成功了,应用形容词作表
语,successful 意为“成功的”。故填 successful。
44.考查地点状语从句。句意:当农夫回去拿菜的时候,他注意到路上丢了石头的地方有一个钱包。此处
是指路上丢了石头的地方有一个钱包,所以是地点状语从句。故填 where。
45.考查名词复数。句意:钱包里有很多金币,还有一张国王写的便条,上面说金币是给那个把石头从路
上移走的人的。many 后应用名词复数。故填 coins。
【河北省保定市 2020-2021 学年高三上学期期末】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单
词的正确形式。
The protection of the Yellow River, known as the cradle of Chinese civilization, is one of the top concerns for
Chinese leadership. In the past two decades, the Chinese government 56. (strengthen) ecological protection of
wetlands along the Yellow River, 57. (make) various species of wild birds take shelter in the Yellow River Delta
National Nature Reserve, 58. (locate) at the river’s estuary in East China’s Shandong province.
The rising number of wild birds in the reserve has brought a benefit for birdwatchers, 59. are able to spot
oriental storks (东方白鹤) and other wild birds even outside the reserve. Last year, a total of 57 pairs of oriental
storks 60. (find) to nest and reproduce outside the reserve.
“61. China’s “mother river”, the peace and ecological environment of the Yellow River is significant to the
sustainable 62. (develop) of Chinese nation. The differences between the upper, middle and lower reaches of the
river should be 63. (full) considered, because the Yellow River ecosystem is 64. organic whole. Further efforts
should be made 65.(ensure) the long-term stability of the Yellow River ”. Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed in
an important symposium (座谈会).
【答案】56.has strengthened57.making58.located59.who60.were found61.As62.development63.fully
64.an65.to ensure
【解析】这是一篇说明文。黄河被称为中国文明的摇篮,保护它是中国领导层最关心的问题之一。
56.考查现在完成时。句意:在过去的 20 年里,中国政府加强了黄河沿岸湿地的生态保护,使各种野生鸟
类在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区得到保护,该保护区位于黄河河口,位于中国东部的山东省。根据时间
状语 In the past two decades 可知,此处应用现在完成时。故填 has strengthened。
57.考查现在分词。句意:在过去的 20 年里,中国政府加强了黄河沿岸湿地的生态保护,使各种野生鸟类
在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区得到保护,该保护区位于黄河河口,位于中国东部的山东省。中国政府加
强了黄河沿岸湿地的生态保护的结果是使各种野生鸟类在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区得到保护,所以此
处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填 making。
58.考查过去分词。句意:在过去的 20 年里,中国政府加强了黄河沿岸湿地的生态保护,使各种野生鸟类
在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区得到保护,该保护区位于黄河河口,位于中国东部的山东省。be located at
意为“位于”,为固定搭配。所以用过去分词作状语。故填 located。
59.考查定语从句。句意:保护区内野生鸟类数量的增加给观鸟者带来了好处,他们甚至可以在保护区外
看到东方鹳和其他野生鸟类。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为 birdwatchers,所以用关系代词 who。
故填 who。
60.考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意:去年,共有 57 对东方鹤在保护区外筑巢和繁殖。根据时间状语 Last
year 可知,此处应用一般过去时。动词 find 和主语 oriental storks 构成被动关系。故填 were found。
61.考查介词。句意:黄河作为中国的“母亲河”,其和平与生态环境对中华民族的可持续发展具有重要意义。
黄河是中国的“母亲河”,所以此处表示“作为”,可用介词 as。故填 As。
62.考查名词。句意:黄河作为中国的“母亲河”,其和平与生态环境对中华民族的可持续发展具有重要意义。
介词 to 后应用名词作宾语。名词 development 意为“发展”。故填 development。
63.考查副词。句意:黄河生态系统是一个有机的整体,因此应该充分考虑上、中、下游的差异。修饰动
词 considered 应用副词。故填 fully。
64.考查不定冠词。句意:黄河生态系统是一个有机的整体,因此应该充分考虑上、中、下游的差异。有
机整体在此处是第一次提及,所以应用不定冠词。organic 的开头发音为元音。故填 an。
65.考查 to do 不定式。句意:要进一步努力确保黄河的长期稳定。做出更多努力的目的是为了确保黄河的
长期稳定。所以此处应用 to do 不定式表目的。故填 to ensure。
【河北省石家庄市 2021 届高三年级第一次质检】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内
单词的正确形式。
Many of us wonder what lies in outer space. When we look up 36. the night sky, we see stars, the
twinkle of a moving satellite and37. (occasion) a distant planet. But one thing we don’t see is the millions of
pieces of junk filling up space.
The amount of space junk 38. (increase). Over the last few decades, satellites and rockets39. (launch) into
space, littering the cosmos as they go. The fear is that 40. we don’t start taking this litter out of the sky soon, it
will become a significant threat to active satellites. Nobu Okada, CEO of Astroscale, 41. company working on
ways to clean up space junk, says “even a small paint fleck has enough power42. (blow) up other satellites.”
It’s clear43. a solution is needed so a celestial deep clean can take place.
44.(look) to the future, like any litter problem, we need to look at ways of creating 45.(little).
【答案】36.at / into / to37.occasionally38.is increasing / has been increasing39.have been launched
40.if41.a42.to blow43.that44.Looking45.less
【解析】这是一篇说明文。许多人知道垃圾是地球上的一个大问题,很多人不知道的是,垃圾在外太空已
经成为一个问题。
36.考查介词。句意:当我们仰望夜空时,我们会看到星星。固定短语 look up at/into/to“抬头看,仰望”。
故填 at / into / to。
37.考查副词。句意:当我们仰望夜空时,我们会看到星星,正在移动的闪烁的卫星,偶尔还会看到一个
遥远的星球。修饰动词 see,应用副词,做状语。故填 occasionally。
38.考查动词时态。句意:太空垃圾的数量正在增多。根据句意可知,此处可以表示正在进行的动作,或
者表示过去发生的动作且还要继续进行下去,应用现在进行时或现在完成进行时。故填 is increasing 或 has
been increasing。
39.考查动词时态及语态。句意:在过去的几十年中,人造卫星和火箭已经发射升空,在宇宙飞散时随地
乱扔。根据时间状语 over the last few decades 可知,应用现在完成时,主语 satellites and rockets 和动词 launch
是动宾关系,被发射,应用现在完成时的被动形式。故填 have been launched。
40.考查条件状语从句。句意:如果我们不尽快将这种垃圾带出天空,它将对现役卫星构成重大威胁。句
子主系表结构,The fear 是主语, that 引导表语从句,后半句根据句意,是条件状语从句,如果我们不尽快
将垃圾带出去,垃圾将对现役卫星构成重大威胁。故填 if。
41.考查冠词。句意:致力于清理太空垃圾的公司 Astroscale 的首席执行官 Okada 说:“即使很小的油漆斑
点也有足够的力量炸毁其他卫星。”此处泛指“一家公司”,应用不定冠词,company 是以辅音音素开头的词,
应用 a。故填 a。
42.考查非谓语动词。句意:致力于清理太空垃圾的公司 Astroscale 的首席执行官 Okada 说:“即使很小的
油漆斑点也有足够的力量炸毁其他卫星。”have enough power to do something“有足够的力量做某事”,不定式
做后置定语。故填 to blow。
43.考查主语从句。句意:很显然,需要一种解决方案,这样才能进行天体深层清洁。此处是“it is+adj+that”
句型。真正的主语是 that 引导的从句,为了避免头重脚轻,it 做形式主语。故填 that。
44.考查非谓语动词。句意:展望未来,就像其他垃圾问题一样,我们需要研究产生更少污染的方法。此
处和主语 we 是逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动,在句子中做状语。故填 looking。
45.考查形容词比较级。句意:展望未来,就像其他垃圾问题一样,我们需要研究产生更少污染的方法。
根据句意可知,此处指“产生更少污染的方法”,应用 little 的比较级。故填 less。
【河北省唐山市 2021 届高考一模】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The rise in children's screen time has brought about calls for 36. (great) interaction and more outdoor
exercise to improve learning and guard 37. the spread of shortsightedness.
Time spent online 38. (increase) dramatically in the past years. Millions of pupils have been forced
39. (switch) to remote learning, according to Qustodio software, 40.tracks usage of devices by children aged 4 to
15 in the UK, US and Spain.
One area of concern is eyesight. More occurrence of children's nearsightedness is likely caused by children
being kept at home with schoolwork delivered online. It is uncertain 41.the rise is caused by more time spent on
screens or less time outdoors, but previous studies have suggested daylight 42. (expose) is key.
Another concern is about sleep problems among children. It is definitely clinically significant. There's
evidence that shows a sharp increase in children with sleep problems. A number of 43. (factor) may account for it,
with increased screen time being 44. .
Parents also worry about the impact of too much screen time on children's mental and emotional development.
Instead of interactions with their class, spending hours 45.(passive) sitting in front of a screen may lead to stress
and other mental health problems.
【答案】36.greater37.against38.has increased39.to switch40.which41.whether42.exposure43.factors44.one
45.passively
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述随着屏幕时间的增加,可能会给儿童造成近视和精神压力等各种问
题。
36.考查形容词比较级。句意:随着儿童屏幕时间的增加,人们呼吁加强互动和更多的户外运动,以提高
学习和防止近视的蔓延。根据 and 可知,此处和下文中的“more outdoor exercise”并列,因此用形容词的比较
级。故填 greater。
37.考查介词。句意:随着儿童屏幕时间的增加,人们呼吁加强互动和更多的户外运动,以提高学习和防
止近视的蔓延。根据句意可知,此处表示“防止”近视,用固定短语 guard against。故填 against。
38.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的几年里,花在网上的时间急剧增加。根据句意可知,上网时间
增加这一动作发生在过去,持续到现在,有可能继续持续下去,所以用现在完成时,主语为 Time,是不可
数名词,所以谓语动词要用单数形式。故填 has increased。
39.考查非谓语动词。句意:Qustodio software 表示,数百万学生被迫转向远程学习。该公司追踪英国、美
国和西班牙 4 至 15 岁儿童使用电子设备的情况。“被迫去做某事”为短语 be forced to do sth。故填 to switch。
40.考查定语从句。句意:Qustodio software 表示,数百万学生被迫转向远程学习。该公司追踪英国、美国
和西班牙 4 至 15 岁儿童使用电子设备的情况。分析可知,空后为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 Qustodio
software,且关系词在从句中作主语,指物,所以用 which 引导,that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填 which。
41.考查名词性从句。句意:目前还不清楚这种上升是由于花更多的时间在屏幕前还是较少的时间在户外,
但此前的研究表明,日光暴露是关键。分析可知,句子为 it 作形式主语,真正的主语为空后的从句,根据
句意和下文的 or 可以判断,该从句为 whether…or…引导的主语从句。故填 whether。
42.考查名词。句意:目前还不清楚这种上升是由于花更多的时间在屏幕前还是较少的时间在户外,但此
前的研究表明,日光暴露是关键。根据句意和空后的 is 可知,空处为表示“暴露”的名词作宾语从句的主语,
exposure 是不可数名词。故填 exposure。
43.考查名词的数。句意:造成这一现象的原因有很多,屏幕时间的增加是其中之一。A number of 表示“许
多”,修饰可数名词复数。故填 factors。
44.考查代词。句意:造成这一现象的原因有很多,屏幕时间的增加是其中之一。根据句意可知,此处表
示前面提到的“原因(factors)之一”,代指前面出现过的同名异物的名词,并且是单数,要用代词 one。故
填 one。
45.考查副词。句意:被动地坐在屏幕前几个小时,而不是与他们的班级互动,可能会导致压力和其他心
理健康问题。修饰动词 sitting 要用副词。故填 passively。
【湖北省七市(州)教科研协作体 2021 届高三 3 月联考】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或
括号内单词的正确形式。
Five days after China concluded its historic 23-day Chang’e-5 lunar mission, Chinese space engineers
36. (make) a new achievement with the maiden flight (首航)of the Long March-8, 37. lifted off from the
Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on the coast of southern China island province of Hainan at 12:37 p.m. on
Dec.22,2020, sending five satellites into 38. (plan) orbit. It carried a payload (载荷)of about 4.5 tons 39. a
sun-synchronous (太阳同步)orbit at an altitude of 700 km. Xiao Yun, Long March-8's project manager, said the
40. (rocket) successful maiden flight would push forward the nation's effort 41. (become) a world-class space
power. Research and development started in 2017 and took about three years. 42. (construct) of the first Long
March-8 was completed in October. "It is not common for designers and engineers to build 43. new rocket type
within just over two years," said Song Zhengyu, Long March-8's chief designer. "From the very 44. (begin), we
decided that this project must be market-oriented so the rocket could be 45. (compete) in terms of its cost and
carrying capacity."
【答案】36.made37.which38.planned39.to/into40.rocket’s41.to become42.Construction43.a
44.beginning45.competitive
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了长征八号运载火箭于 2020 年 12 月 22 日 12 时 37 分在中国南
部海南省沿海文昌航天器发射场发射,将 5 颗卫星送入预定轨道。
36.考查动词时态。句意:在中国完成具有历史意义的 23 天嫦娥五号月球任务的几天后,中国航天工程师
取得了一项新的成就,即长征八号运载火箭于 2020 年 12 月 22 日 12 时 37 分在中国南部海南省沿海文昌航
天器发射场发射,将 5 颗卫星送入预定轨道。分析可知,设空处为主句谓语动词,根据时间状语“on
Dec.22,2020”可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时。故填 made。
37.考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词 the Long March-8,指物,在定语从句
中作主语,需用关系代词 which 引导。故填 which。
38.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构,已有谓语动词 lifted,空处需填非谓语动词作定语,修饰
名词 orbit,plan 和 orbit 为动宾关系,需填过去分词。故填 planned。
39.考查介词。句意:它携带了大约 4.5 吨的有效载荷到 700 公里高度的太阳同步轨道。此处表示“进入轨
道”,需用介词 to/into。故填 to/into。
40.考查名词所有格。句意:长征 8 号的项目经理小云说,火箭的成功处女航行将推动中国努力成为世界
一流的太空强国。修饰名词 flight,需用名词所有格形式作定语。故填 rocket’s。
41.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构,已有谓语动词 would push forward,空处需填动词不定式
作后置定语,修饰名词 effort。故填 to become。
42.考查名词。句意:第一艘长征八号飞船的建造已于 10 月完成。分析句子结构,空处需填名词作主语,
construction of 为固定用法,意为“……的建造”。位于句首,首字母需大写。故填 Construction。
43.考查冠词。句意:“设计师和工程师在两年多的时间里建造出一种新型火箭类型并不常见,”长征 8 号的
总设计师宋正宇说。type 为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且 new 发音以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词 a 修饰。
故填 a。
44.考查固定短语。句意:从一开始,我们就决定这个项目必须以市场为导向,这样火箭才能在成本和运
载能力方面具有竞争力。from the very beginning 为固定短语,意为“从一开始”。故填 beginning。
45.考查形容词。句意同上。be 为系动词,后面需加形容词作表语。故填 competitive。
【辽宁省铁岭市六校 2021 届高三下学期第一次模拟】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号
内单词的正确形式。
During festive occasions like spring festival, you often see that a “lion” wags its head and tail, and scratches
its cheeks 36.(accompany) with the sounds of gongs and drum beats.
Lion dance, which imitates a lion with Kungfu and acrobatic styles, is a traditional Chinese performing art. In
ancient China, the lion was regarded as 37. symbol of good luck, capable of driving away evil. Therefore,
performing the lion dance became a custom 38. people could pray for good luck , safety, and happiness. The lion
dance is performed in various celebrations to this day and in 2006, it 39. (list) as a national intangible cultural
heritage.
Dancing on the poles makes the art a 40. (cheer) sight. There are 21 poles of different heights between 1.2
meters and 2.5 meters 41.up to 1.8 meters between them. A single false step will send the 42.(perform) falling to
the ground below. Also, the performances require strong team spirit and unity.
Still, the ancient art form has received 43. (little) attention from the youth than their previous generation. The
skills take years 44. (master) while only a low wage can be earned. But since 2017, local authorities in Guangxi
45. (team) up with companies and schools to help restart the ancient art. "We must work hard to help pass on the
heritage and its spirit to future generations," they said.
【答案】36.accompanied37.a38.where39.was listed40.cheerful41.with42.performer43.less44.to master
45.have teamed
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的舞狮文化,舞狮是一种习俗,人们以此来祈求好运、平
安和幸福。舞狮至今仍在各种庆祝活动中表演。2006 年,舞狮被列为国家非物质文化遗产。
36.考查非谓语动词。句意:在春节这样的节日里,你经常会看到“狮子”在锣鼓声中摇着头和尾巴,挠着脸
颊。分析句子结构可知 accompany 在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语 lion 构成被动关系,故应用过
去分词形式作状语。故填 accompanied。
37.考查冠词。句意:在中国古代,狮子被视为吉祥的象征,能够驱除邪恶。symbol 为可数名词,此处表
泛指应用不定冠词,且 symbol 是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用 a。故填 a。
38.考查定语从句。句意:因此,舞狮成了一种习俗,人们以此来祈求好运、平安和幸福。此处为定语从
句修饰先行词 custom,先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词 where 引导。故填 where。
39.考查时态语态。句意:舞狮至今仍在各种庆祝活动中表演,2006 年,舞狮被列为国家非物质文化遗产。
根据上文“in 2006”可知应用一般过去时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为
it,谓语动词用单数。故填 was listed。
40.考查形容词。句意:在柱子上跳舞使艺术成为令人愉快的景象。修饰后文名词 sight,应用形容词 cheerful,
作定语。故填 cheerful。
41.考查介词。句意:有 21 个不同高度的柱子,高度在 1.2 米到 2.5 米之间,其间的高度最高可达 1.8 米。
此处作伴随状语,应用介词 with。故填 with。
42.考查名词。句意:只要走错一步,表演者就会掉到下面的地上。空处作宾语,表示“表演者”应用名词
performer,结合上文“A single false step”可知应用单数。故填 performer。
43.考查比较级。句意:尽管如此,这一古老的艺术形式受到年轻人的关注不如上一代人。根据后文“than their
previous generation”可知 little 应用比较级形式 less。故填 less。
44.考查非谓语动词。句意:掌握这些技能需要数年时间,而只能挣到很低的工资。结合语境表示“花时间
做某事”可知短语为 take time to do sth.。故填 to master。
45.考查动词时态。句意:但自 2017 年以来,广西地方政府与企业和学校合作,帮助重启古代艺术。根据
上文“since 2017”可知应用现在完成时,主语为 local authorities,助动词用 have。故填 have teamed。