专题02 阅读填空（第01期）-2021届全国3+1+2模式高三名校英语好题速递分项汇编（解析版）

专题 02 阅读填空（第 01 期） -2021 届全国 3+1+2 模式高三名校英语好题速递分项汇编（解析版） 七选五【2021 年湖北省八市高三（3 月）联考】 How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways. 16．. If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can’t always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer). And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion. Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn’t sound so bad. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer? Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. 17． but often they are not something you’re really passionate about. It’s kind of like just doing something because it’s there-- not very inspired. However, there’s another way that is perhaps better: 18．. For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. 19． and if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day. There are endless ways to do that. The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. 20．. A．These are all great choices B．Think about what you like to do C．You can identify your purpose and work out how to get there D．Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose E.Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better F.The sooner you complete the training requirements, the sooner you will make a living G.If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people 【答案】16．B17．A18．E19．D20．G 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何选择对你富有意义的职业。 16．上文“When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways.（当你考虑择业时， 你通常会用以下两种方式来选择。）”说明接下来将会分别介绍两种选择职业的方法。下文“If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things（如果你喜欢写作或做工艺品，你可以考虑这些事情）”说明可 以把自己喜欢做的事当成职业。B 项“Think about what you like to do（想想你喜欢做什么）”能够概括本段的 内容。故选 B 项。 17．上文“Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer? Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker.（也许是医生、工程师或律师？又或许这超出了你的教育能力范围，所以你选择了办公室职 员或零售员。）”介绍了一些可能的职业选择。下文“but often they are not something you’re really passionate about.（但它们往往不是你真正感兴趣的事情。）”表示转折，说明空处讲的是对这样这些职业的总结和概括。 A 项“These are all great choices（这些都是很好的选择）” 承接上文且与下文为转折关系，符合语境。故选 A 项。 18．上文“However, there’s another way that is perhaps better（然而，还有另一种可能更好的方法）”说明接下 来要讲另一种选择职业的办法。下文“For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease.（例如照顾孩子，因为你真的想帮助孩子获得一个良好的开端或者变成他 们想成为的人；或者做政府或社会工作来改善你居住的社区的条件；或者成为一名科学家，帮助缓解环境 危机，或者找到治愈一种可怕疾病的方法。）”列举了一些更有意义的职业选择。E 项“Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better（试着做些事情来服务社区或者让世界变得更好）”承上启下，符 合语境。故选 E 项。 19．下文“and if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day.（如果你为了这个目的而选择其中一个，你就会在工作中每天都有使命感。）”说明有目标地选择职 业的好处。D 项“Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose（这其中的每一种都只是众多 充满目的的可能性中的一种）”中的 purpose 和下文中 that purpose 相呼应，说明选择这些职业就会充满目的 性，引出下文。故选 D 项。 20．上文“The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose.（重要的不是你如何为这个世界服务，而是只是以某种方式为这个世界服务会让你感到充满目 标。）”。说明选择一些有意义的工作带给你目标感。G 项“If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people（如果你选择了一份有目的且有趣的工作，你总是比大多数人走得更远）” 进一步说明选择一份有目标的工作带给你的意义，承接上文，符合语境。故选 G 项。 七选五【福建省福州市 2021 届高中毕业班 3 月质量检测】 Slash(斜杠)Careers What is your job? Are you a teacher or a businessperson? Or maybe you are a lawyer/writer or a teacher/photographer. 16．The term “slash career” comes from the punctuation mark(标识符)—a slash that comes between job titles. People with slash careers often have a primary job that provides for most of their needs. The primary job usually comes before the slash.17．This secondary job can help supplement the person’s income. Why would anyone want more than one job? Some people look to their jobs for opportunities to develop their interests. But most people have too many interests for one job. Secondary jobs can be enjoyable if they include interests that the primary job doesn’t touch. Some people who encourage slash careers say they actually help with work-life balance. 18． On the other hand, a slash career can be dangerous for work-life balance. 19． One might give up necessary things like relaxation, exercise or time with one’s family. People with slash careers need to think carefully about how they use their time. This includes knowing when to stop working. The clear advantage to slash careers is the extra income that secondary jobs provide. It’s always helpful to have a little extra money to spend or to save. 20．With a slash career, losing one’s job does not mean losing one’s entire income. Or a secondary job may be so successful that it can turn into one’s primary job. If your interests stretch beyond your ordinary job, a slash career may work for you. A．Slash careers provide extra money. B．Slash careers also make one’s life more stable. C．Working more than one job can fill up all of your time. D．If you have more than one job, you have a slash career. E. It shows the person is creative and willing to work hard. F. The job after the slash is often based on a person’s interests. G. That’s because they can give people an opportunity to express themselves. 【答案】16．D17．F18．G19．C20．B 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了斜杠职业是什么及其优缺点。 16．由下一句“The term “slash career” comes from the punctuation mark（标识符）—a slash that comes between job titles.”（“斜杠职业”一词来源于标点符号——一种介于多种工作之间的斜杠。）可知，下文提及“斜杠职 业”一词，并对其进行了解释说明，可得出该空填写内容应该与引出“斜杠职业”是什么的信息有关，承接下 文，D 选项“如果你有一份以上的工作，你就是斜杠职业一族。”切题。故选 D 项。 17．由上两句“People with slash careers often have a primary job that provides for most of their needs. The primary job usually comes before the slash.”（有斜杠职业的人通常有一份能满足他们大部分需求的主要工作。主要工 作通常在斜杠职业之前。），下一句“This secondary job can help supplement the person’s income.”（第二份工作 有助于补充个人收入。）和第三段关于“工作的兴趣爱好”内容可知，主要工作通常在斜杠职业之前，下文就 提到了作为斜杠职业的第二份工作，主要工作是赚钱来满足基本生存需求，那么斜杠职业应多与人的兴趣 爱好相关，承接上下文，F 选项“斜杠后的工作通常是基于一个人的兴趣。”切题；该选项中的“The job after the slash”对应上文的“The primary job usually comes before the slash”。故选 F 项。 18．由上两句“Secondary jobs can be enjoyable if they include interests that the primary job doesn’t touch. Some people who encourage slash careers say they actually help with work-life balance.”（如果第二份工作包含了第一 份工作所没有的兴趣，那么它就是一种享受。一些鼓励斜杠职业的人说，这实际上有助于平衡工作与生活。） 可知，上文说到第二份工作可以提供第一份工作所没有的兴趣，又说它有助于平衡工作与生活，所以后面 解释人们选择斜杠职业的原因，第二份工作给予人们表达自我的机会，即符合人们的兴趣所在，才选择斜 杠职业，承接上文，G 选项“那是因为他们能给人们一个表达自己的机会。”切题。故选 G 项。 19．由上一句“On the other hand, a slash career can be dangerous for work-life balance.”（另一方面，斜杠职业 可能对工作与生活的平衡造成危险。）和下一句“One might give up necessary things like relaxation, exercise or time with one’s family.”（一个人可能会放弃必要的事情，如放松、锻炼或与家人在一起的时间。）可知，本 段讲斜杠职业的缺点，斜杠职业会让人放弃必要的事情，如放松、锻炼或与家人在一起的时间，即斜杠职 业（多做一份工作）会占用时间，承接上下文，C 选项“做一份以上的工作可以填满你所有的时间。”切题。 故选 C 项。 20．由下两句“With a slash career, losing one’s job does not mean losing one’s entire income. Or a secondary job may be so successful that it can tum into one’s primary job.”（有了斜杠职业，失去工作并不意味着失去全部收 入。或者第二份工作可能是如此成功，以至于它可以变成一个人的主要工作。）可知，下文全在讲斜杠职业 的好处，可得出该空填写内容应与斜杠职业的优点相关，承接下文，B 选项“斜杠职业也能使一个人的生活 更加稳定。”切题。故选 B 项。 七选五【福建省泉州市 2021 届（3 月）高三质量监测（三）】 How to Take a Staycation With rising travel prices and lack of vacation time, planning the perfect getaway can seem difficult. You can just try staying home; or close to home, and give yourself a much needed staycation.16．It's way to set your body and mind into a total relaxation state. And with these simple tips you'll come "back" from your staycation rested and refreshed. 17．Pretend that you're half a world away with little access to your phone. Leave a voicemail that states that you're on vacation and will only be checking messages periodically. Infrequent checks of your phone will keep you focused on your main goal-relaxation. Unplug your alarm. Turn off your alarm and let yourself sleep as late as you like. Go to bed when you'd like and wake up when you'd like.18． Don't tackle your to-dos. It's easy to think that your time spent at-home can be used to reorganize, clean, and do a few home improvements,19．If you were on an actual vacation, would you feel upset that your floors at home weren't being cleaned? No way. Let things around the house stay as they are. TV/Movie marathon. If you've been too busy lately to catch up on the latest television series or movies, grab DVDs or go through your DVR list.20．Take the opportunity to see some of the great movies of all time, all from the comfort of your own home. A．Turn off your phone. B．Don't bring along your phone. C．Missing a few classics on your movie list? D．But a vacation is no time to do extra work. E.Remember a good vacation has no set routine. F.The perfect staycation isn't just another day off. G.It takes much money and time to do home improvements. 【答案】16．F17．A18．E19．D20．C 【解析】本文是说明文。文章提供了几条简单的居家旅游建议，使你能够在居家旅游时得到休息，精神焕 发。 16．上文“You can just try staying home; or close to home, and give yourself a much needed staycation.” (你可以试 着呆在家里;或者离家近一点，给自己一个急需的居家旅游。)，F 项的中心词“The perfect staycation (完美的 居家旅游) ”与上文一致；下文“It's way to set your body and mind into a total relaxation state. ”（居家旅游是让 你的身体和思想进入一个完全放松的状态。)与 F 项“The perfect staycation isn't just another day off.”（完美的 居家旅游不是再放一天假。)构成逻辑上的转折关系。故选 F。 17．空处要填的是主题句。下文“Pretend that you're half a world away with little access to your phone. ”(假装你 在地球的另一端，几乎无法使用手机。)和“Infrequent checks of your phone will keep you focused on your main goal-relaxation. ”(不频繁查看手机会让你集中精力在你的主要目标上——放松。)可知这一段都是围绕为尽量 少用手机，与 A 项“Turn off your phone. (关闭你的手机)”相照应。故选 A。 18．上文“Turn off your alarm and let yourself sleep as late as you like. Go to bed when you'd like and wake up when you'd like.” (关掉闹钟，让自己想睡多久就睡多久。想什么时候睡就什么时候睡，想什么时候醒就什么 时候醒。)，可知该段主要讲的是让你过一天随心所欲不受计划日程限制的生活与 E 项 “Remember a good vacation has no set routine. ”(记住，一个美好的假期没有固定的计划)前后一直。故选 E。 19．上文“It's easy to think that your time spent at-home can be used to reorganize, clean, and do a few home improvements,” (很容易想到你花在家里的时间可以用来重新整理，打扫，做一些家庭装修，)，与 D 项 “But a vacation is no time to do extra work. ”(但是假期不是做额外工作的时间。)构成逻辑上的转折关系；下文“If you were on an actual vacation, would you feel upset that your floors at home weren't being cleaned?”（如果你真 的在度假，你会因为家里的地板没有被打扫而感到沮丧吗?) 是对 D 项“假期不是做额外工作”的进一步解释。 故选 D。 20．上文“If you've been too busy lately to catch up on the latest television series or movies, grab DVDs or go through your DVR list.” (如果你最近太忙了，没时间追最新的电视连续剧或电影，那就拿上 DVDs 或查看你 的 DVR 列表。)，与 C 项 “Missing a few classics on your movie list?”(错过了几部你想看的经典电影?)相照应； 下文“Take the opportunity to see some of the great movies of all time, all from the comfort of your own home.”（抓 住这个机会，在舒适的家中观看一些经典的电影。) 是对 C 项“错过几部经典电影”的弥补措施。故选 C。 七选五【福建省厦门市 2021 届高三下学期第一次质量检测】 There was a time when I was very concerned about what other people thought of me, especially when I was misunderstood and labeled incorrectly.16． Of course, you need to do something to let go of that mental suffering if you are stuck in such a similar situation. ●Identify and understand why you care. What makes what other people think of you so important? If other people's opinions cause you to worry, chances are that you have a tendency to be pleased. Being favored might be a winning formula for you in the past. 17． But if it doesn't come as expected, just be yourself. ●Understand you can't control others. The reality is that you cannot control what another person thinks of you. What most people don't understand is that we often form opinions of others based on associations we had in the past. And the bottom line is that it's none of your business what another person thinks of you. 18． ●Practice daily self-love and acceptance. Your situation may come from a concept that we are not as worthy as another person and our needs are not as important as theirs. Recognize you are equal to every other person. 19．We all have different roles but that does not make anyone more valuable as a human being. ●Live a life that pleases you. Constant worry about what others think of you must create considerable stress and will impact your relationships, your health, and your peace of mind. ●20． You will not need to be concerned with the few people who just don't seem to understand you. You can live your fulfilling life and they can live theirs. A．That's his or her private views. B．Don't take your role to your heart. C．Everyone deserves respect and admiration. D．Stay true to your values and do your own thing. E.That's to say, there is no one above or below you. F.Certainly, there are advantages to having someone's high regard. G.Caring too much about their views was energy-consuming and unnecessary. 【答案】16．G17．F18．A19．E20．D 【解析】本文是说明文。讲述我们经常被别人误解，对于这种情况我们应该做些什么来释放精神痛苦。文 章给出了几点建议。 16．后文“Of course, you need to do something to let go of that mental suffering if you are stuck in such a similar situation.”提及，陷入类似情况要做一些事情来释放精神痛苦，所以说明过分关注他们的观点是一件耗精力， 不必要的事，故选 G。 17．下文“But if it doesn't come as expected, just be yourself.”说明但是事与愿违，表转折，说明此空应填好的 事情，F 项“当然，有人高度尊重是有好处的。”符合语境，certainly 说明与上文“被青睐可能是你过去成功定 式。”一致，故选 F。 18．本段首句“Understand you can't control others.”说明你不能控制别人，以及空前一句“And the bottom line is that it's none of your business what another person thinks of you.”说明别人对你的看法与你无关，可知那是他或 她的个人观点，故选 A。 19．上文“Recognize you are equal to every other person.”说明要认识到你与别人是平等的，E 项中“there is no one above or below you(没有人比你好或者比你差)”与此处语境相符，That's to say 说明前后内容一致。故选 E。 20．此空为总领句，应为动词开头。以及后文的“You will not need to be concerned with the few people who just don't seem to understand you.（你不需要关心那些似乎不理解你的少数人）”可知你应该坚持你的价值观，做 你自己的事。故选 D。 七选五【广东省梅州市 2021 届高三总复习质检试卷（一模）】 Learning Is Everywhere and Anytime Employees nowadays are faced with major changes in their working life. Besides their daily tasks and responsibilities, they are also learners. Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a limited amount of time. In order to catch all the opportunities learning has to offer, learning should be able to occur anywhere, at any time. 16． . This first challenge for all the learners involved in the e-learning area is that your contents should be available on smartphones and mobile Internet devices, or you won't have any chance to be competitive in the e-learning field. 17． . Did you know that the rate of information has tripled (增长三倍)in the last 3 years alone? People are overloaded with tools and need guidance to learn how to learn in the digital age. 18． . Micro-learning makes learning easier with smaller learning units and short-term-focused activities. As experts say, repetitive learning through putting the learning process into daily routines is highly effective. And you can improve the learner experience by offering so-called learning nugget in an ATAWADAC style: Any Time, Any Where, Any Device, Any Content. To boost the learner experience, you need to select only content that is relevant to you. Create your own personalized on-demand learning library, by piling up interesting learning content that you can easily get. 19．, you can create your daily learning journey by consuming bite-sized learning content on. 20． . • Increase the completion rate. • Give visibility to onboarding programmes: newcomers can have access to entry-level programmes everywhere and at any time. • Give feedback before or after training lessons. A．How to increase micro-learning? B．Here are some benefits of micro-learning. C．It's important to know repetitive learning too. D．Micro-learning forms an answer for learner's challenges. E.Besides, people are faced with an information overload. F.It should also take into consideration of the limitations of the individual G.By means of one mobile device (tablet, phone, application) 【答案】16．F17．E18．D19．G20．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种学习活动——微学习，这种学习可以帮助人们解决学习 的局限性。 16．上文“Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a limited amount of time. （具体来说，他们是学习者，面对的是信息过载，最重要的是，有限的时间。）”说明每个人的学习都有局 限性。F 选项 It should also take into consideration of the limitations of the individual.（它还应该考虑到个人的 局限性。）说明学习还要考虑个人的局限性，符合文意。故选 F 项。 17．下文“Did you know that the rate of information has tripled in the last 3 years alone? People are overloaded with tools and need guidance to learn how to learn in the digital age.（你知道仅在过去的三年里，信息的传播速度就 增长了两倍吗?在数字时代，人们的工具太多了，需要有人来指导他们如何学习。）”说明数字时代的人们面 对的信息量很大。E 选项 Besides, people are faced with an information overload.（此外，人们面临着信息过载。） 符合下文文意。故选 E 项。 18．上文“Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a limited amount of time. （具体来说，他们是学习者，面对的是信息过载，最重要的是，有限的时间。）”说明每个人的学习都面临 着一定的局限性的挑战。下文“Micro - learning makes learning easier with smaller learning units and short - term - focused activities.（微学习使学习更容易与更小的学习单元和短期关注的活动。）”说明微学习可以解决信息 过载时间有限等问题。D 选项 Micro-learning forms an answer for learner's challenges.（微学习为学习者的挑战 提供了答案。）符合上下文意。故选 D 项。 19．上文“This first challenge for all the learners involved in the e-learning area is that your contents should be available on smartphones and mobile Internet devices, or you won't have any chance to be competitive in the e-learning field.（对于所有参与电子学习领域的学习者来说，第一个挑战是，你的内容必须在智能手机和移 动互联网设备上可用，否则你将没有任何机会在电子学习领域具有竞争力。）”说明移动设备的必要性。下 文“you can create your daily learning journey by consuming bite - sized learning content on（您可以通过在网上消 费小规模的学习内容来创建您的日常学习之旅）”说明需要创建日常学习之旅需要移动设备。G 选项By means of one mobile device (tablet, phone, application)（通过一个移动设备（平板、电话、应用程序））符合上下文意。 故选 G 项。 20．下文“Increase the completion rate.（提高完成率。）”“Give visibility to onboarding programmes : newcomers can have access to entry - level programmes everywhere and at any time.（提供入职培训:新员工可以 随时随地参加入门级培训。）”“Give feedback before or after training lessons.（在培训课程之前或之后给予反 馈。）”说明这些都是微学习的优点。B 选项 Here are some benefits of micro - learning.（以下是微观学习的一 些好处。）符合文意。故选 B 项。 七选五【河北省保定市 2020-2021 学年高三上学期期末】 There are about 6,000 languages that are spoken around the world. 36． If no action is taken, some of these languages will become extinct. 37． One is that some communities of native speakers of the endangered languages no longer exist, Huff Post reported. These people sometimes leave their communities and move to cities or towns. In addition, the languages of “dominant” cultures may drive other languages into extinction. To get a better education and job, young people have to focus their attention on learning dominant languages rather than their own languages. Dominant languages include English, French and Mandarin. Once a language dies, it rarely comes back to life. 38． In New Zealand, the government has said it wants more than 20 percent of the country’s population to be able to speak basic Maori, an indigenous (土著的) language, by 2040. It plans to provide Maori lessons in all New Zealand schools by 2025, The New York Times reported. In September, 2018, the US state of Alaska announced that the loss of native languages was an “emergency”. 39． Some people argued that language loss, like the loss of some animal species, is simply a fact of life on earth. 40． When we lose a language, we lose the worldview and culture of the people who spoke it. Language itself is often the only way to convey a certain community’s history and culture, as well as its knowledge of things like math and geography, the BBC noted. A．Languages become endangered for many reasons. B．But what about the endangered languages? C．However, all languages are a form of human heritage. D．What can people do to preserve languages? E. It is now working to give new life to such languages, Quartz reported. F. Governments across the globe are taking action to prevent this. G. But 43 percent of these languages are dying out, according to UNESCO. 【答案】36．G37．A38．F39．E40．C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。世界上有很多语言濒临灭绝，这是人类遗产的丧失，人们正在采取措施保护濒 危语言。 36．根据后文“If no action is taken, some of these languages will become extinct.”（如果不采取行动，这些语言 中的一些将会灭绝。）可知，此处是指很多语言即将消亡。所以选项 G（但根据联合国教科文组织的数据， 这些语言中有 43%正在消亡。）切合文意。故选 G。 37．根据后文“One is that some communities of native speakers of the endangered languages no longer exist, Huff Post reported. These people sometimes leave their communities and move to cities or towns.”（据《赫芬顿邮报》 报道，其中一个原因是，一些以濒危语言为母语的群体已经不复存在。这些人有时会离开他们的社区，搬 到城市或城镇。）可知，此处是指语言消失的原因。所以选项 A（语言濒危的原因有很多。）切合文意。故 选 A。 38．根据后文“In New Zealand, the government has said it wants more than 20 percent of the country’s population to be able to speak basic Maori, an indigenous (土著的) language, by 2040. It plans to provide Maori lessons in all New Zealand schools by 2025, The New York Times reported.”（在新西兰，政府曾表示，希望到 2040 年，该国 20%以上的人口能够讲基本的毛利语，这是新西兰的一种土著语言。据《纽约时报》报道，该政府计划到 2025 年在新西兰所有学校提供毛利课程。）可知，此处是指政府在保护濒危语言方面的努力。所以选项 F（世 界各国政府都在采取行动防止这种情况的发生。）切合文意。故选 F。 39．根据前文 In September, 2018, the US state of Alaska announced that the loss of native languages was an “emergency”. （2018 年 9 月，美国阿拉斯加州宣布，母语的丧失是一个“紧急情况”。）可知，因为母语的丧 失是一个“紧急情况”，所以美国阿拉斯加州正在致力于让这些语言新生。所以选项 E（据《Quartz》报道， 该政府目前正在努力赋予这类语言新的生命。）切合文意。故选 E。 40．根据后文“When we lose a language, we lose the worldview and culture of the people who spoke it. ”（当我们 失去一种语言，我们就失去了说这种语言的人的世界观和文化。）可知，此处是指语言是人类的文化和世界 观的代表，所以选项 C（然而，所有的语言都是人类遗产的一种形式。）切合文意。故选 C。 七选五【河北省石家庄市 2021 届高三年级第一次质检】 Food waste is a huge problem, especially in grocery stores. Americans waste about 40% of their food every year. 16． There are several factors that contributed to this colossal amount of waste. Misleading labels There is a big difference between a sell-by date and a use-by date. When a sell-by date passes, it doesn’t mean that the food is unsafe to eat. However, many people still think that they have to toss it. Grocery stores sometimes throw away food simply because it’s getting close to the sell-by date.17． The Daily Table is a non-profit grocery store in Massachusetts that collects food from other grocers that is close to its sell-by date and sells it at a deeply-discounted price. This both provides food to people at low costs and keeps it from being thrown away. 18． Denmark has a volunteer-run food waste supermarket and is planning on opening two more. The Real Junk Food Project in the UK just opened its first food waste supermarket, where items have no set prices. Shoppers are allowed to pay what they can for the food. Imperfect produce 19． Yet in grocery stores most produce looks identical. Some food in grocery stores gets thrown out because it’s imperfect, or it doesn’t “look good.” The food is still fine to eat, but often ends up in the trash. The non-profit End Food Waste has a list of retailers all over America that sell imperfect produce. They also have a petition that you can sign which asks major grocery stores to consider selling imperfect food. There are also subscription services where you can get “ugly” produce delivered to your door. Imperfect Produce and Hungry Harvest are both organizations working to recover food that would otherwise be thrown away.20． Consumer action Not all the blame for food waste belongs to grocery stores. As consumers we can help to influence the type of food that stores sell. By buying food in less excess, food that is close to the sell-by date, and imperfect produce, we can help reduce food waste. A．This idea has been gaining ground in Europe, as well. B．Produce rarely grows in a way every plant looks the exact same. C．There are several companies working to recover out-of-date food. D．In 2008, 43 billion pounds of perfectly good food were thrown out of grocery stores. E.This is a great way to reduce the waste of short-lived foods, which food banks often can’t accept. F.A new law passed by the Senate makes it illegal for supermarkets to throw away or destroy unsold food. G.Just one quarter of all wasted food could feed the 795 million people around the world who suffer from hunger. 【答案】16．D17．C18．A19．B20．E 【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要分析了造成食物浪费这个现象的原因。 16．上文“Food waste is a huge problem, especially in grocery stores. Americans waste about 40% of their food every year.（食物浪费是个大问题，尤其是在杂货店，美国人每年浪费大约 40% 的食物）”，下文“There are several factors that contributed to this colossal amount of waste.（有几个因素导致了如此巨大的浪费）”，可知 上文以及设空处应是对食物浪费现象的说明，下文是对上文现象原因分析的引入。 D 项 “In 2008, 43 billion pounds of perfectly good food were thrown out of grocery stores.（在 2008 年，430 亿磅完好的食物被扔出杂货 店）”与上文及下文一致，故选 D。 17．下文“The Daily Table is a non-profit grocery store in Massachusetts that collects food from other grocers that is close to its sell-by date and sells it at a deeply-discounted price. This both provides food to people at low costs and keeps it from being thrown away.（Daily Table 是 Massachusetts 一家非营利性食品杂货店，它从其他食品 杂货商那里收集接近保质期的食品，然后以很低的价格出售。这既能以低成本为人们提供食物，又能防止 食物被扔掉）”说明 Daily Table 食品杂货店回收接近保质期的食品。由此可知上文设空处应是讲“有几家公 司致力于回收接近过期食品”，下文是对设空处的举例。C 项中“companies”“recover out-of-date food”与下文 一致，故选 C。 18．下文“Denmark has a volunteer-run food waste supermarket and is planning on opening two more. The Real Junk Food Project in the UK just opened its first food waste supermarket, where items have no set prices. Shoppers are allowed to pay what they can for the food.（丹麦有一家志愿者经营的食物浪费超市，并计划再开两家。英 国“The Real Junk Food Project ”刚刚开设了第一家食物浪费超市，那里的商品没有固定的价格。购物者可以 尽其所能购买食物）”可知本段主要讲欧洲也运用了上文第二段回收收集接近保质期的食物的做法。设空处 位于段首，具有统领下文的作用。A 项“This idea has been gaining ground in Europe, as well.（这种想法在欧洲 也得到了认可）”与下文一致，故选 A。 19．下文“Yet in grocery stores most produce looks identical. Some food in grocery stores gets thrown out because it’s imperfect, or it doesn’t “look good.” The food is still fine to eat, but often ends up in the trash. The non-profit End Food Waste has a list of retailers all over America that sell imperfect produce. They also have a petition that you can sign which asks major grocery stores to consider selling imperfect food.（然而在杂货店里，大多数产品 看起来都一样。杂货店里的一些食物因为不完美或者看起来不好而被扔掉，其实还是可以吃的，但经常被 扔进垃圾桶。非营利性的食物浪费处理机构，列出了全美销售不完美产品的零售商名单。他们还有一份请 愿书，你可以在上面签名，要求主要的杂货店考虑出售不完美的食物）”，可知下文与设空处应是转折关系。 B 项“Produce rarely grows in a way every plant looks the exact same.（农产品的生长方式很少是完全一样的）” 与下文一致，故选 B。 20．上文“There are also subscription services where you can get “ugly” produce delivered to your door. Imperfect Produce and Hungry Harvest are both organizations working to recover food that would otherwise be thrown away. （还有订购服务，你可以把“丑陋”的东西送到你家门口。Imperfect Produce 和 Hungry Harvest 都是致力于回 收本来会被扔掉的食物的组织）”，设空处位于段尾，应是对上文进行总结。E 项“This is a great way to reduce the waste of short-lived foods, which food banks often can’t accept.（这是减少食物短期浪费的好方法，而这种 浪费食物救济中心通常不能接受）”对上文进行总结，与上文一致，故选 E。 七选五【河北省唐山市 2021 届高考一模】 The Art of Staying Motivated There are days when just reading about how to keep motivated seems too much trouble, let alone doing anything about it. 16． You will miss your assignment, fail your degree or lose your friends. 17． While you need to listen if your teacher says he has never read a worse essay, try to concentrate on the positives. Maybe you have been praised for your imaginative use of research material, or for your enthusiastic approach to the subject. Enthusiasm is a great motivator, so try to get excited about what you are doing. 18． If you can't get enough excitement about the subject of your degree to keep you going, think about all the other reasons there are for getting on with things. Consider how learned you will become once you get through the books on your reading list. 19． 20． There is nothing more motivating than fearing that they are going to get a better mark than you, just by putting in more work. Enjoy your competitiveness, and don't let anyone else get ahead. If none of the above works, there's always the option of leaving post-it notes around your room telling you to “Just Do It”. A．Just dust yourself off and press forward. B．But avoid beating yourself up over failures. C．Remember you're not the only one that failed. D．Your friends are useful as a source of competition. E.More passion for your work will help face challenges. F.So to get motivated, think about the resulting effects if you don't. G.Imagine yourself on graduation day, holding the check Granny promised. 【答案】16．F17．B18．E19．G20．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保持学习动力的方法。 16．根据下文“You will miss your assignment, fail your degree or lose your friends.（你会错过作业、得不到学位 或失去朋友。）”可知，要想保持动力，可以考虑不这样做的后果。所以 F 选项“So to get motivated, think about the resulting effects if you don't.”（所以要有动力，想想如果你不这样做会产生什么影响。）符合题意，故选 F 项。 17．根据下文“While you need to listen if your teacher says he has never read a worse essay, try to concentrate on the positives.（如果你的老师说他从来没有读过比这更糟糕的文章，那么试着把注意力集中在积极的方面。）” 可知，我们不要因为失败而自责。所以 B 选项“But avoid beating yourself up over failures.”（但是不要因为失 败而自责。）符合题意，concentrate on the positives.呼应 avoid beating yourself up over failures.故选 B 项。 18．根据上文“Enthusiasm is a great motivator, so try to get excited about what you are doing.（热情是一种很好 的动力，所以试着对你正在做的事情感到热情。）”可知，本段强调热情的重要性。所以 E“More passion for your work will help face challenges.”（对工作有更多的热情将有助于你面对挑战。）符合题意，故选 E 项。 19．根据上文“If you can't get enough excitement about the subject of your degree to keep you going, think about all the other reasons there are for getting on with things.（如果你对你的学位没有足够的兴趣让你继续深造，想 想其他继续深造的理由。）”可知，本段是讲让自己想想继续深造的理由。所以 G 选项“Imagine yourself on graduation day, holding the check Granny promised.”（想象你自己在毕业那天，手里拿着奶奶承诺过的支票。） 符合题意，故选 G 项。 20．根据下文“ There is nothing more motivating than fearing that they are going to get a better mark than you, just by putting in more work.（没有什么比担心他们会得到比你更好的分数更能激励人的了，要更努力的工作。）” 可知，本段讲的是和朋友竞争的重要性。所以 D 选项“Your friends are useful as a source of competition.”（你 的朋友是很有用的竞争来源。）符合题意，they 指代 Your friends。故选 D 项。 七选五【湖北省七市（州）教科研协作体 2021 届高三 3 月联考】 Rachael Ray is known as a famous chef, magazine publisher, and creator of her own pet food. Recently, I was lucky to interview her about healthy eating. 16． . Here is what she said: Do what you love, and you'll love what you do. Ray didn't spend her childhood dreaming of becoming a star. Instead, she remembers devotion to her creativity. "I didn't say, 'When I grow up, I want to be this or that.' But I loved to read, draw, and be in the kitchen and around food." 17．. She now spends her days creating meals and sharing ideas with people from around the world. When asked if it was exhausting to smile for the cameras every day, Ray said, "No, it's fun. 18． Eat well Ray believes that kids should understand the need for healthy food choices. "Eating well just makes you a happier person," she said. Ray shows people how to prepare healthy versions of any food in the world, from hamburgers to pizza to hot dogs to French fries. 19． . Read a lot I asked Ray if she had a favorite children's book, and she named two: The Casual Observer by Elizabeth Whitson and The Stinky Cheese Man and Other Fairly Stupid Tales by Jon Scieszka and Lane Smith. 20． : “Work harder than everybody else, be grateful, always try to laugh more than you cry, and don't be mean to people." A．I love what I do B．Eating good food helps me keep healthy C．After that, I asked Ray for some tips for kids D．I know it is hard for her to accept my interview E. Ray ended our conversation by sharing her recipe for success F. This creativity led Ray to produce several successful television shows G .Ray also believes that eating good food can help students feel better and do well in school 【答案】16．C17．F18．A19．G20．E 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了 Ray 成功的经验。 16．根据上文“Recently, I was lucky to interview her about healthy eating.”（最近，我有幸就健康饮食问题采访 了她。）和下文“Here is what she said: Do what you love, and you'll love what you do.（她是这么说的：做你爱 做的事，你就会爱你所做的事。）可知，再采访中是有问有答的，结合下文的回答，可知上文应该是对 Ray 进行提问。C 项：After that, I asked Ray for some tips for kids.（在那之后，我问了雷一些关于孩子们的建议。） 符合语境。故选 C。 17．根据上文“Instead, she remembers devotion to her creativity.“（相反，她记得自己对创造力的投入。）和下 文“She now spends her days creating meals and sharing ideas with people from around the world.”（她现在每天都 在制作食物，并与来自世界各地的人分享想法。）可知，设空处承上启下，与“creativity”有关。F 项：This creativity led Ray to produce several successful television shows（这种创造力使雷制作了几部成功的电视节目。） 符合语境。故选 F。 18．根据上文“When asked if it was exhausting to smile for the cameras every day, Ray said, "No, it's fun.”（当被 问及每天对着镜头微笑是否很累时，雷说:“不，很有趣。”）可知，她认为自己的工作有趣，因此她非常喜 欢自己的工作。A 项：I love what I do（我喜欢我做的事情）符合语境。故选 A。 19．根据本段标题“Eat well”（吃得好）可知，本段内容和健康饮食有关。G 项：Ray also believes that eating good food can help students feel better and do well in school（雷还认为，吃好的食物可以帮助学生感觉更好， 在学校表现更好。）符合语境。故选 G。 20．根据下文““Work harder than everybody else, be grateful, always try to laugh more than you cry, and don't be mean to people."”（“比别人更努力地工作，要懂得感恩，总是试着笑得比哭得多，不要对人刻薄。”）可知， 此处是对采访进行总结。E 项：Ray ended our conversation by sharing her recipe for success（在谈话的最后， 雷分享了她的成功秘诀。）符合语境。故选 E。 七选五【辽宁省铁岭市六校 2021 届高三下学期第一次模拟】 While Finland frequently tops international school rankings, Norway, the richest country in North Europe, performs much worse. 16． She is a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Oslo. She found that education policies in Norway are controlled by politics while Finland leaves the development of education policies to researchers and educators. Compared to students from other highly developed countries, Norwegian students have underperformed in science subjects for years. 17． But in Norway, the policy changes are governed by politicians. For example, politicians decide that how much time should be spent on math per semester. Afdal also found that although education experts are involved in policy changes as advisors, the politicians are in charge. That was obvious in the most recent educational reform in Norway: It has been closely governed by politicians. 18． The most recent educational reform in Finland was undertaken in a nearly opposite way. Academic faculties from every university selected their own representatives. They together were responsible for policy changes. 19． The role of educators in this process suggests a strong sense of trust in the Finnish professional environment. 20． The answer may not be certain. According to Afdal, mending the education system can't be done overnight and simply copying Finland's way will be difficult. "Education policies reflect historical and cultural structures in society, "she said. "I think it's very important that educators and researchers in Norway should be given more room to develop what Norwegian education should be like.” A．Recently, Afdal looked at the differences between Finland and Norway. B．The education policies of the two countries are very similar. C．The Minister has had a very firm control on the reform. D．The Ministry simply monitored the process. E.This has resulted in several educational reforms. F.Is Norwegian education system a failure? G.Can Finland's success be copied? 【答案】16．A17．E18．C19．D20．G 【解析】这是一篇说明文。通过对挪威和芬兰教育的研究，发现芬兰的教育体制的改革是由研究人员和教 育工作执行的，部长只是起监管作用；而挪威的教育政策却是由政治家们全权把控，所以才导致挪威教育 的失败。而芬兰的成功案例是否能轻易复制？这取决于社会的历史和文化结构。 16．根据后文“She is a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Oslo. She found that education policies in Norway are controlled by politics while Finland leaves the development of education policies to researchers and educators.(她是奥斯陆大学的哲学博士。她发现，挪威的教育政策受政治控制，而芬兰则把教育政策的制定 交给研究人员和教育者)”可知，本句是关于某个人物的描述，且这个人对芬兰和挪威之间的教育政策制定问 题做了研究。故 A 选项“最近，Afdal 研究了芬兰和挪威之间的差异”符合语境，故选 A。 17．根据上文“Compared to students from other highly developed countries, Norwegian students have underperformed in science subjects for years.(与其他高度发达国家的学生相比，挪威学生的理科成绩多年来一 直不佳)”以及后文“But in Norway, the policy changes are governed by politicians. For example, politicians decide that how much time should be spent on math per semester.(但在挪威，政策的改变是由政治家们主导的。例如， 政客们决定每个学期应该花多少时间在数学上)”可知，本句承上启下说明，挪威的学生们表现不佳，所以这 导致了需要改变教育政策来改善现状，但在挪威，政策的改变是由政治家们主导的。故 E 选项“这导致了几 项教育改革”符合语境，故选 E。 18．根据上文“Afdal also found that although education experts are involved in policy changes as advisors, the politicians are in charge. That was obvious in the most recent educational reform in Norway: It has been closely governed by politicians.( Afdal 还发现，尽管教育专家以顾问的身份参与政策变化，但政治人物才是主导者。 这一点在挪威最近的教育改革中表现得很明显：该国一直由政治家严密管理)”可知，第三段主要描述了挪威 教育工作者的建议在教育改革中只起着“建议”的作用，决策权在政治家手里。故 C 选项“部长有对改革绝对 的控制权”符合语境，故选 C。 19．根据上文“The most recent educational reform in Finland was undertaken in a nearly opposite way. Academic faculties from every university selected their own representatives. They together were responsible for policy changes.(芬兰最近的教育改革采取了几乎相反的方式。每一所大学的学院都选出了他们自己的代表。他们共 同对政策的变化负责)”以及后文“The role of educators in this process suggests a strong sense of trust in the Finnish professional environment.(教育工作者在这一过程中所扮演的角色表明了对芬兰专业环境的强烈信任 感)”可知，上文提到了学校在政策变化中的作用，后文则提到了教育工作者所扮演的角色，可推知本句是在 说明政府中教育部的作用：监督整个过程。故 D 选项“教育部只是监督整个过程”符合语境，故选 D。 20．根据后文“The answer may not be certain. According to Afdal, mending the education system can’t be done overnight and simply copying Finland’s way will be difficult.(答案可能并不确定。根据 Afdal 的说法，修补教育 体系不可能一蹴而就，简单地照搬芬兰的方法也很困难)”可知，本句为一个疑问句，后文做出回答，且结合 后文内容可知提问主要是关于能否成功复制芬兰的成功方法，故 G 选项“芬兰的成功可以复制吗？”符合语 境，故选 G。