高中英语交际用语汇总与讲解课件52张

高中英语交际用语汇总与讲解 1. Talking about likes and dislikes. 谈论喜欢和不喜欢 -- I enjoy Chinese food very much. -- ____. A. Please taste quickly B. Have more, please C. Help yourself D. Eat slowly while it is hot [答案与解析]C本题主要考查具体语境下“对事物喜好”的 表达及应答。A项不礼貌，B、D两项属汉语习惯，C项符合 此时英语语境。 【归纳】英语中常见表达喜欢和不喜欢态度的用语有： (1) This book is very interesting. (2) I like / love the movie (very much). (3)I like / love to play computer games. (4) I like taking photos. (5) I enjoy listening to music. (6) I'm interested in science. My hobbies / interests are... (7) He is fond of music. (8) This song is bad / awful. (9) I don't like the movie very much / at all. (10)I don't enjoy collecting stamps. (11)I hate to do homework. I hate dancing, (12)I'm not into classic music. (13)I think that classic music is terrible / boring. 2. Making apologies 道歉 -- I'm sorry I'm calling you so late. -- ____ Okay. A. This is B. You're C. That's D. I'm [答案与解析] C 本题主要考查英语中道歉及应答用语。A、 B、D三项不符合交际英语的习惯，故C项正确。 【归纳】英语中常见道歉用语有： (1) I'm very sorry. I didn't mean to (hurt your feelings). (2) I'm terribly sorry about that. (3) I'm afraid I've brought you too much trouble. (4) Please excuse me coming late. (5) Please forgive me. (6) Excuse me, please. (7) I beg your pardon. 应答表达有： (1) That's / It's all right. (2) That's / It's OK. (3) Never mind. (4) It doesn't matter. (5) It's nothing. (6) Forget it. (7) Don't worry about that. (8) Don't mention it. 3. Talking about language difficulties in communication 谈论语言交际困难 -- I'm sorry. I can't catch you. ____ -- OK, it's B—L—A—C—K. A. Would you please walk slowly? B. I don't understand you． C. What's the meaning of this word? D. Would you please repeat it more slowly? [答案与解析] D本题主要考查语言交际困难的功能意念。 catch 在整个语境中是“听见，听清”的意思，A项错误 理解了catch 在此处的意思，B、C两项语义不连贯， 故 正确答案是D。 【归纳】英语中常见的谈论语言交际困难的用语有： (1) Pardon? / I beg your pardon. (2) Sorry, I can't follow you. (3) Can you speak more slowly, please? (4 )How do you say...in English.'? (5) I don't know how to say that in English. (6) I don't know the word in English. (7) How do you spell it, please? (8) I'm sorry I only know a little English. (9) Could you repeat that, please? Could you say that again, please? (10) What do you mean by killing time? 4.Talking about intentions and plans. 谈论意愿和打 算 -- How long are you staying? -- I don't know. ____. A. That's OK B. Never mind C. It depends D. It doesn't matter [答案与解析]C 本题考查具体语境下被询问打算时的应 答。A项用于回答感谢和道歉，B、D两项用于回答道歉，C 项表示“看情况而定”。 【归纳】英语中常见表达意愿和打算的用语有： ① I'll go with you. ② I'm going to see my head teacher this afternoon. ③ I'd like to make a phone call to her after class. ④ I want / hope to find an English pen friend. ⑤ I plan to go to Hangzhou this summer. ⑥ We are ready to move to a new house. ⑦ Bill intends to spend his vocation in California. ⑧ I'm thinking of driving to Beijing. ⑨ Where would you prefer going...? ⑩ How would you like to go to...? ⑪ When are you going off to...? ⑫ How are you going to...? 5.Expressing good wishes祝愿 Tom: Mike, our team will play against the Rockets this weekend. I'm sure we will win. Mike: ____! A. Congratulations B. Cheers C. Best wishes D. Good luck [答案与解析]D 考查祝愿用语。在比赛前表示祝愿的话 用Good luck。Congratulations用于成功之后的祝贺。 Cheers意为“干杯”。Best wishes多用于书面语，表示 “万事如意”的意思。 【归纳】英语中常见表达祝愿的用语有： ① Have a good day / time! ② Have a good journey / trip! ③ Good luck! ④ Enjoy yourself! ⑤ Best wishes to you! ⑥ Happy New Year! ⑦ Happy birthday! ⑧ Merry Christmas! 应答语有： ① Thank you. ② You, too. ③ The same to you. 6.Describing emotions 描述人物的情感 -- I'm afraid I can't finish the book within this week. -- ____. A. Please go ahead B. That's all right C. Not at all D. Take your time [答案与解析]D 本题考查时表示遗憾情感的应答。A项表示 “请吧，说吧”，用于回答许可或让对方先行。B、C两项是 感谢或道歉的答语，D项表示“别着急，慢慢来”，符合语 境。 【归纳】中学英语中描述人物情感的用语有： ① (恐惧) Help! / How terrible! / I'm afraid of... / I'm afraid to... / You scared me! / It scares me! ② (高兴) (It's) well done! / How wonderful! / That's great! / I'm pleased to... ③ (惊奇) Really! / Oh dear! / Is that so? / What a surprise! / How surprising! ④ (忧虑) What's wrong? / what's the matter? / Anything wrong? / What should we do? ⑤ (安慰)There, there. / Don't be afraid. ／Don't worry. / It's (quite) all right. / It'll be OK / all right. ⑥ (满意) Good! / Well done! ／ Perfect! / That's fine. / That's better. ⑦ (遗憾) I'm so sorry! / It's a great pity! / What a shame! / That's too bad! ⑧ (同情) I'm so sorry! / I'm so sorry (about your illness). / I'm sorry to hear that. ⑨ (愤怒) Damn! / How annoying! ⑩ (鼓励) Well done! / Come on! / Keep trying. / You can do it! 7. Giving opinions and Making comments 询问看法与作 出评价 -- How do you find the talk given by Mr．Smith? -- ____. A. Very well B. Excited C. Boring D. Not at an [答案与解析]C 本题考查对事物提出看法或作出评价的用 语。A、B两项词法错误，若改为Very good或Exciting，就 可回答提问了。D项不合语境。此句完整为：(It's) Boring. 【归纳】英语中询问看法的用语有： ① How do you like / find...? ② What do you think of / about...? ③ What do you feel about...? 8. Describing sequences按次序描述事件发生的过程 Mother first did some washing and then did some cooking, ____ she had a rest. A. finally B. in the end C. by the end D. at last [答案与解析] A 本题考查如何描述事情发生的顺序。 finally 用于在列举一系列内容之后。要引出最后一项内 容的场合；也可与at last互换，表示所盼望的事迟迟到来。 in the end强调结果。有时可与口at last意义相同。 【归纳】英语中常见描述事件发生次序的用语有： ① First,.... Next,....Then.... Finally, ....例如: First, we went to Leshan. Next, we climbed Mount Emei. Then we played with some moneys. Finally, towards evening we were on the way back to Chengdu. ② What did you do next? 9. Thanks致谢 -- It's been a wonderful evening, Thank you very much. -- ____. A. My pleasure B. I'm glad to hear that C. No, thanks D. It's OK [答案与解析]A 本题考查英语中如何表达感谢及应答。My pleasure是回答感谢的客套话。 【归纳】英语中表达感谢的用语有： ① Thank you (very much). ② Thanks a lot. ③ Thank you for your help. ④ It's very kind / nice of you. ⑤ Many thanks. ⑥ I appreciate your help. ⑦ I can never thank you enough. ⑧ I'm extremely grateful to you. 应答用语有： ① It's a pleasure. ② My pleasure. ③ That's OK / all right. ④ You're welcome. ⑤ Not at all. ⑥ Don't mention it. ⑦ No trouble at all (没什么). ⑧ At your service (愿为你效劳) ⑨ Think nothing of it. 10.Giving advice Making suggestions 提出意见和建议 -- Let's go and have a good drink tonight． -- ____ Have you got the first prize in the competition? A. What for? B. Thanks a lot. C. Yes, I'd like to. D. Glad to hear that. [答案与解析]A 本题考查对提出建议的应答。根据答 语的后句话可判断A项符合此时语境，意为“为什么要 好好喝一杯呀?” 【归纳】英语中表达提出意见和建议的用语有： Let's... You'd better... I think it's better (for you / us) to... I suggest (that) you (should) ... I advise you (not) to ... I wonder if you should... Let's..., shall we? Maybe we could... I'd 1ike to... Can't / Should / Shall we...? Would you like / love to...? Have you considered...? What shall we...? why not...? Why don't you / we...? What / How about...? 11.Talking about interests and hobbies 谈论兴趣和爱 好 -- I enjoy Chinese food very much. -- ____. A. Please taste quickly B. Have more．Please C. Help yourself D. Eat slowly while it is hot [答案与解析] C 本题考查谈论兴趣和爱好时的功能用语。 A项不合语境，B、D两项属汉语应答，C项符合英语习惯。 【归纳】英语中谈论兴趣和爱好时的用语有： ① Which d0 you like, ...or...? ② I like... ③ What's your favorite sport? ④ Which sport do you like best? ⑤ Which d0 you prefer...or...? ⑥ What about...? ⑦ Are you interested in...? ⑧ I prefer...to... 应答用语有： ① Shooting, I think． ② I'd rather watch it than play it. ③ Yes, very much. ④ No, not really. ⑤ Sure. I love sports.． 12. Expressing agreement and disagreement 同意与不同意 -- I believe we've met somewhere before． -- No, ____. A. it isn't the same B. it can't be true C. I don't think so D. I'd rather not [答案与解析]C 本题主要考查同意与不同意的功能用语。 A、B、D三项均不合语境，C项是表示不同看法的用语。 【归纳】表达同意与不同意的常见功能用语有： Sure / Certainly. Of course. AIl right. I agree. No problem. That's a good idea. Yes, I think so. No way. (不可能) Of course not. I don't agree. I don't think so. I'm afraid not. Absolutely. That's a good point. That's just how I see it. That's worth thinking about. Well, it depends. You can't be serious. I would have to disagree with that. Well, I'm not so sure about that. That's exactly what I was thinking. 13. Asking if somebody agree 询问某人是否同意 I don't suppose anyone will volunteer, ____? A. do I B. don't I C. will they D. won't they [答案与解析]C 本题看似考查反意问句，实际上运用了询问 某人是否同意的功能句式。这是一个否定转移句式。当句子主 语为第一人称，谓语动词使用think， believe，suppose，expect，imagine等时。反意疑问句部分 的主语和谓语动词均与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致。 【归纳】询问某人是否同意的常见用语有： ① Don't you agree? ② Don't you think she is a bright student? ③ Don't you think so? ④ He's quite old, isn't he? ⑤ Right? ⑥ Yeah? ⑦ OK? ⑧ Do you agree with me? ⑨ I wonder if you would agree with argument? 14. Talking about causes and effects谈论原因和结果 --How is it that you are late for school again? -- A. By bus and then on foot B. Because I missed the bus C. It's quite all right D. It's far from school [答案与解析]B 本题主要考查表达原因和结果的用语。题 干中How is it that... 意为“是什么使得(某事发生 的)?”．故A、C、D三项均不能用于回答所提问题，只有B项 符合语境。 【归纳】表达原因和结果的用语有： ① Why...? ② Because of..., I... ③ As a result of... ④ Because / As / Since... ⑤ If..., then... ⑥ It follows that... ⑦ It will lead to... 15. Asking for permission 征求许可 --Do you mind if I open the window? -- I feel a bit cold． A. of course not. B. I'd rather you didn't. C. Go ahead. D. Why not? [答案与解析]B 本题考查对征求许可的应答用语。根据所 提供的情景“I feel a bit cold”，说明对方不愿意把窗 户打开，所以B项符合语境。 【归纳】英语中常见表达征求许可的用语有： ① Could We / I...? ② May / Can I...? ③ Shall l / we...? ④ Is it possible...? ⑤ Do / Would you mind...? ⑥ Is it all right if l sit here? ⑦ I wonder if I could smoke here. 应答用语有： ① Yes, please． ② Sure / Certainly． ③ That's all right. ④ Of course, you can / may. ⑤ Please do. ⑥ Go ahead, please. ⑦ I'm sorry, it's not allowed. ⑧ I'm afraid not. ⑨ You'd better not. 16. Giving instructions 发出指令 ____ follow the instructions given at the top of the page. A. You're sure B. Be sure to C. Sure to D. Sure about [答案与解析]B 本题考查表达指令的功能意念。此句Be sure to do意为“务必做……”，所以B项正确。 【归纳】英语中发出指令时常用祈使句式，例如： ① Build the frame of the kite by making... ② Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross... ③ Add a tail to the frame and tie a Iong string to the cross... ④ First, fix a sharp piece of metal...Second, fasten a key to the end of the long string...Third, tie a silk ribbon to the string... ⑤ Fly the kite when... ⑥Don't touch anything unless your teacher tells you to. 17. Discussing and evaluating pros and cons 讨论和评估赞成与反 对 -- It's more expensive to live in the city than to live in the country, I think. -- ____. Living in the city brings people more convenience, though. A. You're wrong B. I'm sorry to hear that C. I couldn't agree more D. That's all right [答案与解析]C 本题考查讨论和评估赞成与反对的功能项目。 根据所提供的情景“living in the city brings people more convenience, though.”，时话一方首先赞成另一方 的观点，同时表述了自己的看法。所以C项符合语境。 【归纳】讨论和评估赞成与反对时，英语中使用下列说法，例如： 阐述优点 (advantages) 时： ① It's good for the economy. ② It can help many people in the future. ③ It is cleaning and does not pollute the air. ④ It is important for science. ⑤ It brings people more comfort. 指出缺点(disadvantages)时： ① It is too expensive. ② It is dangerous or bad for your health. ③ It is bad for the environment. ④ It is unnecessary. ⑤ Some people will use it for other things. 18. Describing people描述人物 -- Do you like Nack? -- Yes, Nack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent; ____, I can't speak too highly of him. A. as a result B. in a word C. by the way D. on the contrary [答案与解析]B 本题考查在描述人物的语境中短语的正确 使用。根据所提供的情景“ I can't speak too highly of him.”(我无论怎么称赞他都不为过)可判断B项符合语 境。 【归纳】当描述人物时．英语中常见表达方式有： ① She seems to me to be the kind of woman who... ② The impression she makes on me is... ③ I think she is the kind of person who--. ④ She could be... ⑤ She looks as if... ⑥ She might be... ⑦ You can see that... ⑧ People like her.-. ⑨ She doesn't seem'" ⑩ It is (not) like him to do... 他做某事(不)与他这个人的风格相称。例如： It was just Iike him to think of himself first. 凡事都先考 虑他自己，这就是他的作风。 19. Describing location and direction 描述方位和方向 -- Can you tell me about Shanghai, Liu Mei? -- Of course. Shanghai lies ____ the west of the Pacific Ocean, where you can't find many islands ____ the coast. A. on; off B. to; along C. in; off D. on; along [答案与解析]A本题考查描述方位和方向的正确表达方法。 on the west of，在……的西面(强调接壤)，off the (east) coast 在(东部)沿海，所以A项正确。 【归纳】英语中描述方位和方向的表达方式有： ① It is / lies in the north / south / east / west of...它位 于……的北部／南部／东部／西部(表在某范围内) ② It is / lies to the north / south / east / west of...它位 于……的北面／南面／东面／西面／(表在某范围之外) ③ It is / lies on the north / south / east / west of... 它位 于……的北面／南面／东面／西面／(表接壤) ④ It is / lies in the northern / southern / eastern / western part of… ⑤ It's / lies in the northeastern／northwestern / southeastern / southwestern Sichuan… 20. Giving advice and making decisions 提建议 (劝 告) 和作决定 -- Since you can't find a better job，why don't you stick to the present one? -- Well, ____. A. I believe not B. I don't care C. Never mind D. I might as weIl [答案与解析]D 本题考查对提出劝告的应答用语。“I might as well (stick to the present one)”表示“那我还是坚持 做目前的工作”。may / might as well do不妨做，无妨做 (比had better更委婉)。 【归纳】英语中表示劝告和作决定的用语有： You'd better go to see the doctor. You should listen to and read English every day. You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary. Don't rush / hurry / push. Please stand in line. If I were you, I'd phone him now. In my opinion you should... The other idea sounds better to me... As far as I can see the best thing would be to... Wouldn't it be better if...? I think he is right... We can't do both, so... We have to make a choice... 21. Expressing intentions and plans 表达打算和计划 -- Hi, I hear you're going to the World Park this weekend. -- ____, I was going to, but l changed my plan. A. Actually B. Finally C. Usually D. Normally [答案与解析]A 本题考查谈论计划的交际用语。根据语 境，答语意为“实际上，我本来打算要去的，但是我改变 了计划”。 【归纳】英语中表示打算和计划的常见用语有： (询问某人的打算和计划) ① Are you going to leave for Singapore? ② Do you mean / plan to apply for the position? ③ Have you decided to support him? ④ What do you mean / intend to do? ⑤ What are you doing this evening? ⑥ Will you be there? ⑦ What are you going to do? (说明自己的打算和计划) ① I will... ② I'm going to... ③ I intend to... ④ I hope to... ⑤ I plan / want to... ⑥ I wish to... ⑦ I've decided (not) to... ⑧ I hope not to... ⑨ I'm thinking of... 1．Where would you prefer going...? 2．How would you like to go to...? 3．Have a nice / pleasant trip ! 4．Well, I must be off. 5．It's all right． 6．I'm afraid. 7．Come on ! 8．It scares me. 9．Don't worry. 10．First..., next..., then..., finally... 1．In my opinion you should... 2．If I were you... 3．We can't do both, so... 4．As far as I can see the best thing would be to... 5．Wouldn't it be better if... 6．I hope (wish) to… 7．I intend to... 8．She seems to me to be the kind of women who... 9．The impression she makes on me is... 10．I think she is the kind of person who... 1．It has often been said that life is difficult as it is. 2．It sometimes seems twice as difficult. 3．New Zealand is an important agricultural country, with cattle farming on the North Isle. 4．Some farmers have turned to keeping deer. 5．What do you think has happened? 6．What do you know about…? 7．How do you like…? / What do you think of…? / What db you feel...? 8．May I interrupt you for a moment? 9．Excuse me / Forgive me for... / I apologize for… 10．I'm (very / so / terribly) sorry. It's all my fault. 1．That's all right. / That's OK. / No problem. 2．I wish you all the best. 3．I'm sorry. I didn't mean to... 4．Let's drink (a toast) to...! 5．You should take the advice of your teacher. 6．It might be, I suppose. 7．Good try, but not quite right. 8．Thanks for your advice but I have to consider it myself. 9．What about…? How about…? Why not…? 10．What's your favorite sport? 1．Which would you prefer or ... ? 2．Are you interbred in ... ? 3．I prefer fishing to swimming. 4．What position do you play? 5．I can't agree with you on this point. 6．That's the point. 7．Well, it depends. 8．Does anyone share David's opinion? 9．I absolutely agree. 10．That's how I see it. 1．Why can't we drink the water in our rivers and lakes? Because the water is polluted. 2．Cars and factories cause air pollution. As a result of air pollution, many people get sick. 3．People get sick because of air pollution. It follows that we must do something about it. 4．Why not have another try? 5．What/How about going out for a swim this Sunday afte- rnoon? 6．In my opinion, you should [ had better wait another ten minute. 7．Maybe it would be better to ... 8．That's a good idea. 9．I'd love to, but ... 10．What can you suggest? 1．Nothing can stop me from ... 2．Well, that's settled. 3．Personally, I believe ... 4．I've got a pain here. This place hurts. 5．There is something wrong with ... 6．I don't feel well. 7．Lie down and let me examine you. 8．Drink plenty of water and get some rest. 9．In my opinion, we should ... 10．I hope we can make a decision. 1．I don' t think it is necessary to ... 2．It can't be tree. 3．I would rather not tell you. 4．Does that matter? 5．It is good for the economy. 6．It can help many people in the future. 7．It is clean and does not pollute the air. 8．It is important for science. 9．It brings people comfort. 10．It is too expensive. 11．It is dangerous or had for your health.