专题 03 形容词和副词（新模拟和新高考）
I.语法填空
1.【江苏省连云港市 2021 届高三 1 月适应性演练模拟】Making fire dependable was so difficult that lights on
moving vehicles were37． (hard) ever considered.
【答案】hardly
【解析】考查副词。句意：要使火变得可靠是如此困难，以至于人们几乎从未考虑过移动车辆上的灯光。
修饰后文动词 consider 应用副词，且结合句意表示“几乎不”应用 hardly。故填 hardly。
2. 【江苏省连云港市 2021 届高三 1 月适应性演练模拟】In 1851, the first44． (electricity) headlamp was
developed. Russia ran the first train that was equipped with a battery-powered one.
【答案】electric
考查形容词。句意：1851 年，发明了第一个电动头灯。修饰后文名词 headlamp，应用形容词 electric，作定
语。故填 electric。
3.【江苏省 2020-2021 学年百校联考高三第二次考试】While reducing red meat alone did not result in lower risk
of death, eating other food such as fish or nuts did 61．（slight） reduce the risk of death.
【答案】slightly
【解析】考查副词。句意：虽然减少红肉本身并不能降低死亡风险，但吃鱼或坚果等其他食物确实能略微
降低死亡风险。此处用 slight 的副词形式来修饰谓语动词 did reduce。故填 slightly。
4.【江苏省 2020-2021 学年百校联考高三第二次考试】We still need to be 62．（care） about the findings. This
study cannot tell us for sure that red meat or changes in red meat consumption are the direct cause of changes in
length of life.
【答案】careful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们仍然需要对这些发现保持谨慎。be 为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语，
be careful about 为固定结构，意为“注意”。故填 careful。
5.【江苏省苏州市八校联盟 2021 届高三第二次适应性检测】Waste that can’t be 60． (proper) used is either
burned or buried, while processing recyclables also leads to rivers, air and land pollution, as well as 62． (vary)
diseases.
【答案】properly
【解析】考查副词。句意：不能正确使用的废物要么被焚烧，要么被掩埋，而处理可回收的废物也会导致
河流、空气和土地污染，以及各种疾病。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词 used。故填 properly。
【答案】various
【解析】考查形容词。句意：不能正确使用的废物要么被焚烧，要么被掩埋，而处理可回收的废物也会导
致河流、空气和土地污染，以及各种疾病。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词 diseases，vary 的形容词为
various“各种各样的”。故填 various。
6.【江苏省苏锡常镇四市 2021 届高三教学情况调研】Calligraphy is something very special for Chinese. It is not
only an important part of 36 (tradition) Chinese culture but also a way of life for people of all classes.
【答案】traditional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：它不仅是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，也是各阶层人民的生活方式。根据
Chinese culture 可知此处要用形容词，做定语。故填 traditional。
7. 【江苏省苏锡常镇四市 2021 届高三教学情况调研】Nowadays, zhongtang consists of three pieces of
calligraphic works and a water-color painting intended to impress the guests, and it is the 41 (elegant) feature
of the living room and is still popular in rural areas of northwestern China.
【答案】most elegant
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：如今，“中堂”由三幅书法作品和一幅水彩画组成，目的是为了给客人留
下深刻印象，它是客厅中最优雅的特色，至今仍在中国西北的农村地区流行。根据 of the living room 以及冠
词 the 可知此处要用形容词的最高级。故填 most elegant。
8.【江苏省南京 29 中、南菁中学等四校 2021 届高三 12 月联考】A second full moon is called a blue moon not
because it is 60． (particular) blue or is any different in hue (色彩) from the first full moon of the month.
【答案】particularly
【解析】考查副词。句意：第二次满月被称为“蓝月亮”，并不是因为它特别蓝，或者与这个月的第一次满月
有任何不同的色调。根据句意以及空后形容词 blue 可知，此处应用副词修饰形容词。故填 particularly。
9.【江苏省南京市六校联合体 2021 届高三上学期 11 月联考】For those who do have the funds, a combination of
working, volunteering and travelling is 64．(doubt) an amazing opportunity.
【答案】undoubtedly
【解析】考查副词。句意：对于那些有资金的人来说，工作、志愿服务和旅行的结合无疑是一个惊人的机
会。修饰句子应用副词 undoubtedly。故填 undoubtedly。
10.【江苏省如皋如东丹阳三校 2021 届高三 12 月联考】62． (regret) , around the world, especially in countries
where there is fighting or great poverty , many wonderful sites are still endangered. Some may not even get onto
the list before they disappear forever．
【答案】Regretfully
【解析】考查副词。句意：遗憾的是，在世界范围内，特别是在那些有战争或极度贫困的国家，许多美丽
的遗址仍然处于濒危状态。此处用副词 regretfully（遗憾的是）作状语，修饰后面整个句子，首字母大写。
故填 Regretfully。
11.【江苏省泰州市 2021 届高三上学期期末】The Ant Forest initiative was launched by the Alipay app in 2016.
With about 200 million trees planted on 182,700 hectares of land, it has helped to 37．(efficient) avoid almost 7.9
million tons of carbon emissions.
【答案】efficiently
【解析】考查副词。句意：由于大约 200，000，000 棵树被种植在 182,7000 公顷的地上，它有效地帮助避
免了几乎 790 万吨的炭排放。本空在句中修饰动词 avoid，应该用副词。故填 efficiently。
12.【江苏省泰州市 2021 届高三上学期期末】Here, Alipay Ant Forest shows that it is possible to rely on digital
technology for a better and 44． (green) future.
【答案】greener
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：这个组织表明，依赖数码技术来创造一个更好更绿色的未来是可能的。
分析句子结构可知，本空与前面 better 是并列关系，所以用比较级形式。故填 greener。
13.【江苏省、南京师范大学附属中学、海安中学 2021 届高三 12 月联考】However, it isn't Apple that
is stopping applying chips and other high-tech parts to Huawei. It is US politicians. The 41． (good) way to support
Chinese companies is to speak out against those US politicians. Boycotting US brands such as Apple is not at all
advisable.
【答案】best
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：支持中国企业的最好方式是公开反对那些美国政客。根据上文定冠词
the，以及句意“最好”可知应填形容词最高级 best。故填 best。
14. 【江苏省、南京师范大学附属中学、海安中学 2021 届高三 12 月联考】Boycotting US brands such
as Apple is not at all advisable. It not only violates an individual's 43．(person) right to choose what he or she
likes, it also creates a lot of misunderstanding.
【答案】personal
【解析】考查形容词。句意：它不仅侵犯了一个人选择他或她喜欢的东西的个人权利，它也造成了许多误
解。修饰后文名词 right 应用形容词 personal，作定语。故填 personal。
15.【江苏省扬州市 2020-2021 学年高三上学期期末考试适应性练习】After some research, the headmistress,
Rosie McColl, said she discovered a swing would be 57． (benefit).
【答案】beneficial
【解析】考查形容词。句意：经过一番研究，校长罗茜·麦科尔(Rosie McColl)说，她发现秋千会有好处。be
动词后应用形容词形式作表语。形容词 beneficial 意为“有好处的”。故填 beneficial。
16.【江苏省扬州市 2020-2021 学年高三上学期期末考试适应性练习】She said, “I knew a student in a previous
school who used to go out and swing in a park between lessons. 59． (current), what we are doing is bringing the
swing into the school to help build a culture. This leads to better results for students in terms of both their wellbeing
and academic achievement.”
【答案】Currently
【解析】考查副词。句意：目前，我们正在做的是将秋千带入学校，帮助建立一种文化。修饰整个句子作
状语应用副词。故填 Currently。
17. 【2021 届江苏省新高考名师预测卷（二）】This new virus currently has a 36．(limit) geographic spread.
【答案】limited
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这种新病毒目前的地理传播范围有限。修饰名词短语 geographic spread 用形容
词，指有限的地理传播，故填 limited。
18. 【2021 届江苏省新高考名师预测卷（二）】These include covering your mouth and nose when coughing or
sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding close contact with those who are unwell; the
appropriate use of masks and personal protective equipment, 40． (especial) in a healthcare setting; washing hands
regularly with soap and water, or alcohol-based hand rub.
【答案】
【解析】考查副词。句意：适当使用口罩和个人防护设备，特别是在医疗环境中。修饰后面的介词短语用
副词，意为“特别是在医疗环境中”，故填 especially。
19. 【8 省 2021 届高三 1 月底联考模拟】Though the full stop has taken on a different meaning to the younger
generation, specialists noted that it is important to take language environment into account. For example, using full
stops in an email is 45． ( perfect) acceptable and is not considered rude.
【答案】perfectly
【解析】考查副词。句意：例如，在邮件中使用句号是完全可以接受的，不被认为是无礼的。空处修饰形
容词 acceptable，需填副词作状语。故填 perfectly。
20. In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries studied had higher BMIs (体重指
数)than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in
many countries had narrowed 43．(sharp).
【答案】sharply
【解析】考查副词。句意：但 30 年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的 BMI 差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，
sharp 是要修饰动词 narrow，用 sharp 的副词形式 sharply。故填 sharply。
II.语法填空
1.（2020·新课标 I 卷语法填空）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词 challenging，应使用 extreme
的副词形式，故填 extremely。
2.（2020·新课标 II 卷语法填空）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often
in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只
有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填 Certainly。
3.（2020·新课标 II 卷语法填空）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make
fantastic decorations.
【答案】beautiful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词 branches，用
形容词形式。故填 beautiful。
4.（2020·新课标 III 卷语法填空）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great
artists to come and present their 62． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
【答案】finest
【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示
他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词
最高级 finest。故填 finest。
5.（2020·新课标 III 卷语法填空）As the small boat moved, 68． (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by
the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动
词 moved 应用副词 gently 作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填 gently。
6.（2020·山东卷语法填空）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) people travelled and collected plants,
historical objects and works of art.
【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在 18 和 19 世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词 people，
应使用形容词，做定语。故填 wealthy。
7.【2019·新课标 I 卷】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been
___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
【答案】poorly
【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词 poorly 修饰谓语动词 has been studied，意
为“研究很少”。故填 poorly。
8.【2019·新课标 II 卷】Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer
nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
【答案】finally
【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词 have been
acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填 finally。
9. 【2019·全国 I】Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human
settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are.
【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后 than they actually are 可知，此处需用形容词的比较级，故填 higher。
10. 【2019·全国 II】 We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).
【答案】wonderful
【解析】考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。根据前面的 We are so proud of her.我们为她感到骄傲和自豪，分析
本句空格前面是系动词 is，后面跟形容词作表语，故填 wonderful。
11. 【2019·全国 III】On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how
long it would take to get there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
【答案】so
【解析】考查固定句型。分析结构可知，此处是结果状语从句，修饰副词 hard 应该填 so。“so …that”句型，
表示“如此……以至于”。
12. 【 2019· 全 国 III 】 They also shared with us many ___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were
___68___ (huge)popular with tourists.
【答案】traditional
【解析】考查词性转换空格处于名词 stories 前，判断应该用形容词作定语。故填 traditional。
【答案】hugely
【解析】考查词性转换。空格在句中位于形容词前，所以判断用副词作状语。故填 hugely。
13.【2019·浙江 6】When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___
(easy) see them.
【答案】easily
【解析】考查副词。 根据句中 can see them 可知，需要 easy 的副词形式来修饰动词，故填 easily。
14. 【2019·浙江 6】School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of
them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90
percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
【答案】traditional
【解析】考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处作are 后面的表语，所以需要tradition 的形容词形式traditional，
表示“传统的”。
15. 【2019·北京】Taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源)，Students should have a
proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make
necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience.
【答案】meaningful
【解析】考查词性转换，因 and 前为形容词 healthy，此处也应该用形容词形式 meaningful。
16.【2018·全国 I】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ___61___(long)
than non-runners.
【答案】longer
【解析】考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活 3 年。根据 than 可知用比较
级，故填 longer。
17. 【2018·全国 I】Running is cheap, easy and it's always___69___(energy).
【答案】energetic
【解析】考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据 it’s 可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填 energetic。
18.【2018·全国 II】A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to
feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
【答案】actually
【解析】考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。
故填 actually。
19. 【2018·全国 II】 According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___
(globe)fertilizer consumption.
【答案】global
【解析】考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的 30%。fertilizer consumption 是名词短语，故
应该用形容词修饰。故填 global。
20. 【2018·全国 III】 ___63___(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges
toward me.
【答案】loudest
【解析】考查最高级。根据后面的 of all 可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级 loudest。
21.【2018·浙江】The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ___62___(afford) but doing
this most days adds up. There could be an even ___63___ (high) cost on your health.
【答案】affordable
【解析】考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的，系动词 be 后用形容词作表语，表示“负
担得起的”故填 affordable。
【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词 cost 用形容词，由 even 表示程度修饰比较级，故填 higher。
22.【2017·全国卷Ⅰ】Even 66.________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
【答案】worse
【解析】考查比较级。更糟糕的是，人们所吃的快餐的数量增加了。故填 worse。
23.【2017·全国卷Ⅰ】]However, be 69.________ (care) not to go to extremes.
【答案】careful
【解析】考查形容词。分析语境可知 be 后面应该用形容词作表语，故填 careful。
24.【2017·全国卷Ⅱ】Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been 66.________ (fair)
unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
【答案】fairly
【解析】考查副词。副词修饰形容词。
25.【2017·全国卷Ⅱ】The Central London Railway was one of the most 70.________ (success) of these new lines,
and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with
the public.
【答案】successful
【解析】考查形容词。形容词与定冠词连用，相当于名词，由于该词后有介词 of 结构，故只能用形容词。
26.【2017·全国卷Ⅲ】It is 70.________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing
else to fall back on when I can't model any more.”
【答案】certainly
【解析】考查副词。certainly 在此处修饰形容词 fun。
27.【2017·浙江卷 6 月考】But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57.________ (shine) object. Yes,
there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.
【答案】 shiny/shining
【解析】考查形容词。此处根据下文的 object 可知，需用形容词作定语，故填 shiny 或 shining。
28.【2017·浙江卷 6 月考】Sixteen years 60.________ (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a
meal.
【答案】earlier
【解析】考查比较级。此处语意表示“16 年前”，故填 earlier。
29.【2016·全国新课标 I】The title will be __63___(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
【答案】officially
【解析】考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式。
30.【2016·全国新课标 II】Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 47
(regular).
【答案】regularly
【解析】考查副词。在英语副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修
饰名词。所以本句中使用副词 regularly 做状语修饰动词 take short breaks。
31.【2016·全国新课标 III】Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual) turned
into chopsticks.
【答案】gradually
【解析】查副词。副词修饰动词或形容词，这里修饰动词短语 turned into，应该用副词，故填 gradually。
32.【2016·上海】(B)Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will
be.
【答案】better
【解析】考查固定句式“The+比较级.....， the+比较级”意为“越....就越.....”。本句句意：你承受的压力越大，
你的表现就会越好。所以本空使用 good 的比较级形式 better.
33.【2016·四川】Chinese scientists 42 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.
She was a very 43 (care)mother.
【答案】recently 【解析】副词修饰动词，故填 recently。
【答案】caring/careful 【解析】此处是现在分词或形容词作定语，放在名词前面，故填 caring/careful。
34.【2015·全国卷Ⅱ】Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat
65.________(slow) during cool nights，thus warming the house.
【答案】slowly
【解析】根据空格前面的 give out that heat 和后面的 during cool nights 可知，这里使用副词修饰动词短语 give
out。
35.【2015·全国卷Ⅱ】As 69.________(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the
adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
【答案】natural
【解析】结合空格后面的 architects 可知此处要用形容词作定语修饰后面的名词，因此填 natural。
36.【2015·全国卷 I】But I didn't care. A few hours 62.________， I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with its
choking smog.
【答案】before/earlier
【解析】考查副词的用法。几个小时前， “我”在香港的家里。注意不可以用 ago。
37.【2015·全国卷 I】Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69.________(regular) arranges
quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
【答案】regularly
【解析】考查副词的用法。该旅游公司定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。这里用副词修饰动词。
38.【2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ】While there are_______68(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the
changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just
be_______70(patience)
【答案】amazing
【解析】这里空格处应该用形容词，来修饰后面的名词，amazing 指令人吃惊的；amazed 指人感到吃惊的。
这里不是用来修饰人的，故用 amazing。
【答案】patient
【解析】需要的是耐心。patience“耐心”是名词；因为空格前有系动词 be，所以这里应该用形容词 patient。
39.【2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ】The rive was so polluted that it ______62(actual) caught fire and burned.
【答案】actually
【解析】这里应该用副词来修饰动词 caught，actual 实际上，是形容词；actually 实际上，是副词。
40.【2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ】Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is______66(clean) than
ever.
【答案】cleaner
【解析】现在河里的水比以前更清了。根据后面的比较连词 than 可知这里应该用比较级，故用 cleaner.
41.【2014 新课标全国 II】There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious
and 63 (disappoint).
【答案】disappointed
【解析】考查形容词。由前面可知人们感到失望，用-ed 结尾的形容词 disappointed。
42. 【2014 新课标全国 II】And the passengers _70_（sudden） became friendly to one another.
【答案】suddenly
【解析】考查副词。此处是修饰动词，所以应该用副词做状语，填 suddenly。
微信/支付宝扫码支付