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2021年高考英语冲刺模拟试卷3 （上海）
I. Listening Comprehension Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a
question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear
a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best
answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. The beach was closed as planned.
B. She doesn’t enjoy going to the beach.
C. There wasn’t enough food at the barbecue.
D. They didn’t have the barbecue due to the weather.
2. A. The doctor can see the man this week.
B. Appointments must be made two weeks in advance.
C. The man should call back on Friday.
D. The doctor canceled his appointments on Friday.
3. A. The woman will have enough sleep this weekend.
B. The woman should type the reports in the morning.
C. The woman should rest before she begins typing.
D. The woman will have to work day and night.
4. A. The man missed the turn. B. They need to turn up as planned.
C. She doesn’t know where State Street is. D. There was no left turn at the last crossing.
5. A. He wants to recopy his notes. B. He has already seen the movie.
C. He wishes he could go to the movie. D. He plans to go to the movie tomorrow.
6. A. She prefers big bills when traveling. B. She’d rather take a credit card than cash.
C. It’s convenient to have cash on hand. D. Credit cards don’t fit in her wallet.
7. A. Professor Brown hasn’t finished grading the exams.
B. She doesn’t think Professor Brown will give an exam.
C. Exams are usually given during the last week of classes.
D. Professor Brown probably won’t change the exam date.
8. A. They must buy something for her brother.
B. There aren’t many posters to choose from.
C. She wants the man to see the poster she bought.
D. They promised to meet her brother at the gift shop.
9. A. He takes delight in fishing. B. He gets on well with Susan.
C. He loves talking with Susan’s father. D. He met Susan’s parents last weekend.
10. A. She’d like to recommend a magazine to the man.
B. She’s been sitting in the waiting room too long.
C. Dr. Smith isn’t a good choice for the man.
D. She’s never been treated by Dr. Smith.
答案：1—5 DADAC 6—10 BDAAC
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Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several
questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the
questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide
which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. They should leave school at the age of 18.
B. They can decide whether to go to school.
C. They must learn a kind of handicraft.
D. They will choose to go to university.
12. A. Different forms of tests. B. Repeated practice.
C. Hands-on experience. D. Storytelling skills.
13. A. Methods of learning. B. Two education experts.
C. One of our current schools. D. Principles in QI school.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. She translated only those she was interested in.
B. She removed the Russian touch from the novels.
C. She translated quickly and made some mistakes.
D. She produced too many translations in her life.
15. A. Kornei Chukovsky and Joseph Brodsky’s.
B. Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky’s.
C. Kornei Chukovsky and Larissa Volokhonsky’s.
D. Richard Pevear and Joseph Brodsky’s.
16. A. He stuck to the original. B. He lengthened the story.
C. He changed some plots. D. He omitted the war.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. To collect money for some medical research.
B. To recover from the loss of family members.
C. To realize the dream of their parents.
D. To become more physically fit.
18. A. She never tried running before. B. She found a running expert to train her.
C. She stopped running if it rained. D. Gradually she ran about 15 to 20 km daily.
19. A. It might distract her while running.
B. It helped her perform better in a race.
C. It got her to be more motivated.
D. It might annoy some other friends.
20. A. It was exhausting. B. It was rewarding.
C. It was disappointing. D. It was unexpected.
答案：11—13 BCD 14—16 BBC 17—20 ADCB
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II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.
For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one
word that best fits each blank.
One Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that he had finally determined to
ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming
showdown. (21) _____ if Mr. Duncan refused to grant his request? Michael had worked so hard in the last 18
months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved (22)
_____ wage increase.
The thought of walking into Mr Duncan’s office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was
finally courageous enough (23) _____ (approach) his superior. To his delight and surprise, the ever-frugal (一惯节
省的) Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!
Michael arrived home that evening—(24) _____ breaking all city and state limits—to a beautiful table set
with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate meal (25) _____ (include) his
favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office (26) _____( tip) her off!
Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: “Congratulations, my
love! I knew you’d get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of your
accomplishments!” He read it and stopped to think about (27) _____ sensitive and caring Cassie was.
After dinner, Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had
slipped out of Cassie’s pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read: “Don’t worry about not getting
the raise! You (28) _____ deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just
how much I love you (29) _____ _____ you did not get the increase.”
Suddenly tears swelled in Michael’s eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie’s support for him was not conditional
upon his success at work.
Often the fear of rejection (30) _____ (soften) and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we
know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.
21. What 22.a 23. to approach 24. despite 25. including 26. had tipped 27. how 28. do
29. even though/even if 30. is softened
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there
is one word more than you need.
Computer programs recognise white men better than black women
Software that recognises faces has bounded ahead in recent years, aroused by a boom in a form of artificial
intelligence called deep learning. Several firms now offer face recognition as a commercial service, via their __31__
clouds. The ability to recognise in faces such things as an individual’s sex has improved too, and this is also
commercially __32__.
A. involved B.accurately C. present D. arises E. existing F. accuracy
G. moderate H. available I. processing J. respective K. closely
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The algorithms __33__ have, however, long been suspected of bias. Specifically, they are declared to be better at
__34__ white faces than those of other people. Until now, that suspicion has been unsupported by evidence. But next
week, at Fairness, Accountability and Transparency, a conference in New York, Joy Buolamwini of the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology will __35__ work which suggests it is true.
Ms Buolamwini and her colleague Timnit Gebru looked at three sex-recognition systems, those of IBM, Microsoft
and Facebook. They tested these on a set of 1,270 photographs of parliamentarians(国会议员) from around the world
and found that all three classified lighter faces more __36__ than darker ones. All also classified males more accurately
than females. IBM’s algorithm, for example, got light male faces wrong just 0.3% of the time. That compared with
34.7% of the time for dark female faces. The other two systems had similar gulfs in their performances. Probably, this
bias __37__ from the sets of data the firms concerned used to train their software. Ms Buolamwini and Ms Gebru could
not, however, test this because those data sets are __38__ guarded.
IBM has responded quickly. It said it had retrained its system on a new data set for the past year, and that this had
greatly improved its __39__. When testing the new system on an updated version of the set of politicians Ms
Buolamwini and Ms Gebru had used, the firm said it now achieved an error rate of 3.46% on dark-skinned female
faces—a tenth of that the two researchers had found using the __40__ system. For light-skinned males the error rate also
fell, to 0.25%.
31~35 JHAIC 36~40 BDKFE
命题思路：
1. 转换法：present n./adj./v.
2. 缀合法：
（1）respect - respective avail - available
（2）accurate - accurately close - closely
（3）involve - involved exist - existing process - processing
（4）arise - arises
3. moderate（-moderation）
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each
blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The fact that people are no longer tied to specific places for functions
such as studying or learning, says William Mitchell, a professor of
architecture and computer science at MIT, means that there is “a huge drop in
demand for traditional, private, enclosed spaces” such as offices or classrooms,
and simultaneously “a huge rise in demand for semi-public spaces that
can be informally appropriated to ad-hoc(革新的) work spaces”. This shift,
he thinks,
amounts to the biggest change in ___41___ in this century. In the 20th century
architecture was about ___42___ structures—offices for working, cafeterias for eating, and so forth. This was
necessary because workers needed to be near things such as landline phones, fax machines and filing cabinets.
The new architecture, says Mr. Mitchell, will “make spaces intentionally ___43___ ”. Architects are thinking
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about light, air, trees and gardens, all in the service of human connections. Buildings will have much more
___44___ shapes than before. ___45___ , people working on laptops find it comforting to have their backs to a
wall, so hybrid spaces may become curvier, with more nooks (角落，凹处), in order to maximize the surface area
of their inner walls.
This “___46___” is what separates successful spaces and cities from unsuccessful ones, says Anthony
Townsend, an urban planner at the Institute for the Future, a think-tank. Almost any public space can ___47___
some of these features. For example, a not-for-profit organization in New York has ___48___ Bryant Park, a once-
abandoned but charming garden in front of the city’s public library, into a hybrid space popular with office workers.
The park’s managers noticed that a lot of visitors were using mobile phones and laptops in the park, so they
installed Wi-Fi and added some chairs with fold-able lecture desks. The idea was not to distract people from the
flowers but to let them ___49___ their little bit of the park.
The academic name for such spaces is “third places”, a term originally coined by the sociologist Ray
Oldenburg in his 1989 book, “The Great, Good Place”. At the time, long before mobile technologies became
widespread, Mr. Oldenburg wanted to ___50___ between the sociological functions of people’s first places (their
homes), their second places (offices) and the public spaces that ___51___ safe, neutral and informal meeting points.
As Mr. Oldenburg saw it, a good third place makes admission free or cheap—the price of a cup of coffee, say—
offers creature comforts, is within walking distance for a particular neighborhood and draws a group of ___52___ .
As more ___63___ places pop up and spread, they also change entire cities. Just as buildings during the 20th
century were specialized by ___54___ , towns were as well, says Mr. Mitchell. Suburbs were for living,
downtowns for ___55___ and other areas for playing. But urban nomadism makes districts, like buildings,
multifunctional. Parts of town that were monocultures, he says, gradually become “fine-grained mixed-use
neighborhoods” more similar in human terms to pre-industrial villages than to modern suburbs.
41. A. development B. architecture C. technology D. purpose
42 A. specialized B. detailed C. outstanding D. unusual
43. A. attractive B. cooperative C. multifunctional D. agreeable
44. A. varied B. dynamic C. artificial D. patterned
45. A. In addition B. For instance C. On the contrary D. Meanwhile
46. A. orientation B. division C. flexibility D. simplicity
47. A. justify B. convert C. ruin D. assume
48. A. manufactured B. transformed C. introduced D. expanded
49. A. customize B. overlook C. supervise D. review
50. A. judge B. balance C. choose D. distinguish
51. A. serve as B. originate from C. differ from D. integrate into
52. A. third-parties B. architects C. competitors D. regulars
53. A. leisure B. public C. appealing D. third
54. A. function B. interest C. organization D. block
55. A. entertaining B. working C. socializing D. gathering
41-55 BACAB CDBAD ADDAB
【解析】
文章介绍了现代工作环境设施以及设计背后的理念。
41. A. development 发展 B. architecture 建筑风格 C. technology 技术 D. purpose 目的，从后一句 In the 20th century
architecture was about...可知是建筑风格的变化。
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42. A. specialized专门的B. detailed详细的C. outstanding突出的D. unusual不同寻常的，从下文offices for working,
cafeterias for eating, and so forth看出是专门的建筑结构。
43. A. attractive吸引人的B. cooperative合作的C. multifunctional多功能的D. agreeable非常愉快的，从下文all in the
service of human connections看出是多功能设计。
44. A. varied各种各样的B. dynamic动态的C. artificial人工的D. patterned有图案的，从下文with more nooks看出是
多种形状的。
45. A. In addition此外B. For instance举例C. On the contrary相反D. Meanwhile同时，下文是一个具体实例，因
此选择B。
46. A. orientation定向B. division部分C. flexibility灵活性D. simplicity简便性，从this和上文with more nooks判
断出这里选择设计的多样性和灵活性。
47. A. justify证明...正确B. convert转化C. ruin毁灭 D. assume假定，承担，根据后面文中的实例判断可以采
用这些特点，选择D。
48. A. manufactured建设B. transformed转变C. introduced引进D. expanded膨胀，扩大，根据后文into判断转变
成。
49. A. customize自定义B. overlook忽视C. supervise监督D. review复习，根据上文so they installed Wi-Fi and
added some chairs with foldable lecture desks判断，这是自定义公园的行为，选择A。
50. A. judge判断B. balance平衡C. choose选择D. distinguish分辨，根据下文，第一空间和第二空间的罗列，
判断选择“区分三种空间”。
51. A. serve as充当B. originate from起源于C. differ from与...不同D. integrate into合并，从下文 safe, neutral
and informal meeting points判断充当会面点。
52. A. third-parties第三方B. architects建筑师C. competitors竞争者D. regulars常客，从上文一系列便民的设计
判断，吸引的是常客的到来。
53. A. leisure空闲B. public公众C. appealing吸引人的D. third第三，根据上文判断选择第三方空间。
54. A. function功能B. interest兴趣C. organization组织D. block街区，根据本文的大意，多功能建筑，可以判
断选择A。
55. A. entertaining娱乐B. working工作C. socializing社交D. gathering搜集，根据郊区用来生活，可判断
downtowns市中心用来工作。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information
given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Teresa Freding met Annie virtually through way of Facebook. She was in the midst of opening up a new local
preschool, but was set back after discovering she had to install a very expensive fire alarm system.
“She [Annie] learned of this and without ever even meeting me, she said, ‘We’re going to get through this!’ I was
so moved by the attitude of ‘we’ in her words,” says Freding.
Thanks to KidsCycle, $1,000 was raised that went to the preschools fire alarm system.
Another time, a KidsCycle member reached out that a friend lost everything in a fire. The KidsCycle community
sprung into immediate action.
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“The children were the same size as mine and I started filling bags with clothes and toys,” says Crysdale. “My 5-
year-old daughter asked what I was doing, and when I explained what it would be like if we had a fire, she started
collecting items too and asking if I thought the baby would like this.”
Recently, a family posted that their young son was diagnosed with leukemia. The boy was no longer able to share a
bed with his sibling because of his weakened immune system. The family mentioned that they were looking to purchase
a new bed.
“Within an hour, the page was filled with hundreds of comments from members donating beds, bedding, clothes,
money for medical bills, etc,” says Kristin Belkofer. “The family was overwhelmed with gratitude.”
It’s small, simple acts like these that speak for KidsCycle’s generous and kind spirit. Most of the time it’s strangers
helping other strangers, since the majority of communication is done online. Yet even though it’s all virtual, these
families are able to form real friendships. Strangers become neighbors. And among those strangers, KidsCycle is a
completely judgment-free forum.
Parents trade tips on all things related to being a parent: the good, bad, and the ugly. While nothing is too
embarrassing to post, administrators have the option to post anonymously, allowing the group to tackle deeper issues like
divorce, addiction, custody, and counseling. The Facebook group also has dedicated days to encourage members to speak
freely, like Vent Friday and Gratitude Monday.
“What makes the group so special is everyone’s willingness to help and be involved. No one just watches stuff go
by,” says Crysdale. “Not a day goes by that you don’t see acts of kindness.”
56. The word “we” in the paragraph 2 implies ______.
A. Annie would face the difficulty and solve the problem together with her.
B. Terasa had asked Annie to be a partner and Annie agreed.
C. Annie would install the fire system for the preschool.
D. They would donate the money needed to install the fire system.
57. Kidscycle members would do the all the following except ______.
A. donating money to the people who lost their homes in a fire.
B. donating stuff such as clothes, bedding, etc. for people who needed.
C. making real friends online and sharing their difficulties.
D. posting information for certain people.
58. “Kidscycle is a judgement-free forum” means that _______.
A. members should stick to the rules and use their words carefully.
B. members, as strangers, don’t care others’ judgement.
C. members are too occupied to make any judgement.
D. members focus on solving problems, not gossip on other personal stuff.
59. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A. Possible Teresa and Annie have never met each other.
B. Kidscycle was established by Facebook users.
C. Parents should use their real names before posing any problem.
D. Kidscycle is a online community dedicated to helping others.
56~59. ADDC
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(B)
A familiar voice is just few digits away from you. Whether you prefer high-tech options or more traditional
landlines, there are affordable ways to call home when you travel abroad, even if you don’t carry an internationally-
capable cellphone.
Repaid Calling Cards
Repaid calling cards provide the ultimate in flexibility: they can be used from most
locations, including pay phones, cell phones and landlines. But not all calling cards are
equal, especially overseas. Compare the rate options associated with different cards,
whether you buy them before you travel or on the road. Some charge a pre-connection fee
as well as a per minute fee, for example.
Callback Service
As the name suggests, these services call you and then place your call at cheaper
rates. You initiate the call by dialing a “trigger number –a connection to the call-back
service’s computers. Let the call ring once and then hang up. The computer calls you back
from the United States using lower international rates and makes the connection after
verifying your account number. Often cheaper than direct-dial calls, but the services may not work at hotels, where staff
may not accept the return calls. The service is welcome to those who make lots of international calls.
Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
VoIP works by digitalizing your voice and sending it via the Internet to the person
you’re calling, who hears it on his PC speakers, or by routing it through regular telephone
lines to anyone’s standard phone line. VoIP services generally work best with a
broadband or wireless Internet connection and can be used from hotel rooms, Internet
cafes or wireless hot spots if you have a notebook computer. Since most calls use the
Internet, and connections into and out of the Internet are typically local calls, the rates are astonishing low.
60. According to the passage, if computer technology is not available, travelers are advised to call by _______.
A. landline B. repaid calling card C. callback service D. pay phone
61. What is focused on in the callback service?
A. Making a phone call as brief as possible.
B. Taking advantage of the hotel phone call service.
C. Saving on calls by calling from home.
D. Using the bank account for call pay in any country.
62. The passage is mainly intended to __________.
A. offer tips to travelers on how to call home for less
B. help travelers find the easiest way to call back home
C. introduce the optional approaches to family connection
D. advise travelers to call home through broadband or wireless Internet
60-62 BCA
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(C)
Foreseeing a time when a patient’s own cells may be harvested, multiplied, and fashioned into a replacement organ,
researchers in Boston have successfully transplanted laboratory grown bladders (肾) into six dogs.
For a century, physicians have replaced diseased or damaged bladders by removing sections of a person’s intestines
(肠子) and shaping them into a substitute bladder. While the procedure offers some relief to patients, complications often
develop because nature designs intestinal tissue for a purpose—absorbing nutrients—other than holding waste liquid of
the body. “You start absorbing stuff that should be removed,” says Anthony Atala of the Children’s Hospital in Boston.
Other physicians have turned to human-made materials to create artificial bladders, but those efforts have also run
into problems. Consequently, to build a better bladder, Atala and his colleagues decided to employ the organ’s own cells.
To turn the cells into an organ, the researchers first form plastic which can break down naturally into bladder-
shaped shell. They then coat its outside and inside with layers of cells needed.
To test this strategy, Atala’s group obtained bladder tissue from dogs and grew it into organs. After removing the
dogs’ bladders, the investigators implanted the artificial ones coming from the dogs’ own cells. Within a month, the
organs began to perform like normal bladders.
Within three months, the plastic shells had broken down naturally, and the implanted organs were hard to
distinguish from natural ones. Blood vessels( 血 管 ) quickly grew into them. Moreover, nerves seem to form proper
connections with the new organs, allowing the dogs to regain normal control of their bladders. Some dogs have had the
artificial bladders for nearly a year without any problems.
While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant
strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.
63.The traditional method of shaping parts of intestines into a substitute bladder _______.
A. allows the patient to absorb useless things
B. brings the patient a lot of sufferings
C. prevents the patient from absorbing nutrients
D. worsens both the function of the intestines and the bladder
64. The artificial bladders implanted in dogs _______.
A. worked perfectly as long as three months
B. began to work as well as a normal one in a few weeks
C. proved to be able to work for several years
D. did not work properly until after a month
65. Why is it suggested that more testing should be made?
A. What suits dogs’ bladders will also suit human bladders.
B. Dogs’ bladders can be implanted into human bodies.
C. Human bladders may well be different from dogs.
D. Artificial bladders grown in dogs can be used for human beings.
66. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The way of turning intestines into bladders.
B. The prospect of manufacturing plastic bladders.
C. The history of making artificial bladders.
D. The possibility of making bladders from their own cells.
63~66. ABCD
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Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be
used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Dolphins learn special foraging(捕食) techniques from their mothers and it's now clear that they can learn from
their buddies as well. ____67____ It turns out that they learn this skill by watching their pals do the job. The discovery,
reported in the journal Current Biology, helps reveal how groups of wild animals can transmit learned behaviors and
develop their own distinct cultures.
"Dolphins are indeed very clever animals. So it makes sense that they are able to learn from others," says Sonja
Wild, a researcher at the University of Konstanz in Germany. ___68___ This study, however, shows that dolphins are
also motivated to learn from their peers in addition to mimicking their mothers.
The bottle-nose dolphins that live in Shark Bay, Western Australia, have been studied for decades, and scientists
have identified over a thousand individuals by looking at the unique shape and markings of their dorsal fins. Researchers
know what families the dolphins belong to, and keep track of their close associates.
Wild and her colleagues have closely examined how dolphins learn particular strategy for catching fish---one that
involves using the empty shells of large sea snails. A dolphin will chase a fish to one of these shells, and then they insert
their beak into the shell, bring the whole thing up to the face. After that, they shake it up above the water surface to drain
the water out of the shell until the fish basically falls into their open mouth.
Whether or not dolphins caught fish in this way didn't seem to be explained by how many shells were lying around
their hunting area, nor whether a dolphin was genetically related to another dolphin that knew how to do it.
_____69_____ Previously, it's been shown that humpback whales seem to learn hunting techniques from their peers in a
similar way.
The new observations of wild dolphins learning from their peers is "exciting, "says Diana Reiss, a dolphin cognition
researcher at Hunter College, CUNY, "It tells us about the source of some these behaviors. It seems like they're not
relying on just leaming from mom when they're out there. They seem to be observing others, watching what they're
doing and acquiring it from others in their social group."
Being able to learn from peers may help animal populations survive in a changing environment. _____70_____ "In
unstable environments that are changing, it's more beneficial to kind of look around and see what others are doing" says
Wild, "and maybe adopt their behavioral innovations that may be more adaptive to the new environmental conditions."
【答案】67. E 68. C 69. A 70. D
【解析】
A. The best explanation is that dolphins learned this method from a close associate.
B. Research shows that this behavior gets passed down almost exclusively through the maternal line.
C. Young dolphins spend years in close association with their mothers and naturally tend to adopt their mothers' ways
D. Because while knowledge from previous generations has been tested by time, certain behaviors may become less
useful if conditions change.
E. Take, for example, the clever trick that some dolphins use to catch fish by trapping them in seashells.
F. Based on this assertion, we can't discount the possibility that they innovate individually on their own.
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本文为一篇说明文。文章说明了海豚能够从伙伴那里学习，以利于自己更加适应新的环境。
【67题详解】
根据第一句“Dolphins learn special foraging techniques from their mothers and it's now clear that they can learn from
their buddies as well. ”表示海豚能通过自己的伙伴学习捕食。下文中“It turns out that they learn this skill by
watching their pals do the job. ”中“this skill”应该是前一句中指代的具体的技能。“Take, for example, the clever trick
that some dolphins use to catch fish by trapping them in seashells.（举个例子，一些海豚用巧妙的把戏把鱼困在贝壳
里）”中描述的即为这种技能。故选E项。
【68题详解】
根据上文Sonja Wild说的话，并结合下文中的“This study, however, shows that dolphins are also motivated to learn
from their peers in addition to mimicking their mothers.（然而，这项研究表明，除了模仿母亲之外，海豚也有向同
伴学习的动机）”可知，空格处的句子应该描述海豚模仿母亲学习技能这件事。“Young dolphins spend years in
close association with their mothers and naturally tend to adopt their mothers' ways（年幼的海豚与母亲相处数年，自
然地倾向于采取母亲的方式）”符合此处语境。故选C项。
【69题详解】
本段为上一段海豚捕鱼方式的解释。根据“Whether or not dolphins caught fish in this way didn't seem to be
explained by how many shells were lying around their hunting area, nor whether a dolphin was genetically related to
another dolphin that knew how to do it.（海豚是否以这种方式捕鱼似乎不能用它们捕猎区域周围有多少贝壳来解
释，也不能用海豚和其他知道如何捕鱼的海豚是否有遗传关系来解释）”可知，此处应该点出具体的原因。“The
best explanation is that dolphins learned this method from a close associate.（最好的解释是海豚从一个亲近的伙伴那
里学到了这种方法）”中“best explanation”与第一句的“didn't seem to be explained”对应，且下一句为对于这一解
释的例子的补充。故选A项。
【70题详解】
本段主题句为第一句，表示学习同伴技能的好处。下文Wild说的话也证明了这一观点。“Because while
knowledge from previous generations has been tested by time, certain behaviors may become less useful if conditions
change.（因为尽管来自前几代人的知识已经经过了时间的考验，但如果条件改变，某些行为可能会变得不那么
有用）”为对于主题句的原因补充，符合此处语境。故选D项。
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than
60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Living to 100
Since the mid 1950s, life expectancy around the world has increased dramatically, and many scientists believe that this trend is
likely to continue in the future. The main reason for the increase during this period was the decline in infant mortality (死亡). Fewer
childrendied atan earlyage,and this was mainly because ofimproved healthcare and betterfoodproduction.
Most experts believe that people will continue to live longer in the future because of medical advances. Researchers predict that at
leasthalfof the North American andJapanese babies born since the year 2000 willlive to an age of90, and ten percentto 100 years old.
Furthermore, new drugs are being developed which will slow down the ageing process. These will be available in a few years, and they
willenablepeople to live 20years longer.
第 12 页
If the current older populations in many countries become healthier, wealthier and live longer, the trend will have important
consequences for people and governments. The cost of medical care for older people will rise, and governments will have to start
thinking hard about how to fund state pensions for older citizens. Some people will want to keep on working later in their life, which
could lead to changes in the age of retirement in many countries. Others would prefer to retire early to enjoy having more time for
themselves. This will create business opportunities for companies in the leisure and entertainment industries and open up new segments
of the market. The effect on the world population will be great. Europe’s population has been in decline for several years now as people
prefer to have fewer children and families tend to be smaller. However, “the population will not decline as anti-ageing drugs start to
becomewidely available”, as an experton population, ProfessorShripad Tuljapurkar, says in his recently-released book.
71：
As health care and food production improved, more children could survive, lengthening people’s life expectancy. This trend is
believed to continue thanks to development in medicine and anti-ageing drugs. If so, it will affect people and governments in many
ways, like requiring more pensions for the elderly, postponing the retirement age, creating business opportunities in entertainment
industryandincreasing the population. (60words)
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 远足是我们接触大自然最简单的方式之一。(expose)
72. Hiking is one of the simplest ways for us to be exposed to nature.
73.尽管困难重重，他们还是打算采用新措施。(Despite)
73. Despite many difficulties, they are going to / have planned to adopt new measures.
74. 尽管外面寒风凛冽，但顾客依然在这家面包店门口排起了长队，等着买刚出炉的面包。(there be)
74. Although/While it was bitterly/severely cold outdoors, there was a long queue of customers at the gate of the
baker’s, expecting/waiting to buy the freshly/newly-baked bread.
75. 鉴于编程被视为21世纪必备的生活技能之一，这所小学从一年级开始开设编程课，此举获得家长交口称赞。
(available)
75. Owing to/In view of the fact that programming is regarded as (considered to be) one of the basic life skills in
the 21st century, courses of programming are made available (to the students) in this primary school from Year 1 /
Grade 1, which is warmly applauded by (highly spoken of / highly praised by) the parents.
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
现在中国购物网站非常繁荣，很多人选择网上购物而不是去商场实体店购物，你更倾向于哪种购物方式，并说
出你的理由。
注意：请勿出现真实的学校及姓名。
第 13 页
Nowadays, online shopping has become an irreversible trend. Some people claim that online shopping
has more advantages while others maintain that physical stores are better.
From my perspective, I prefer online shopping for three reasons. First of all, its super convenience is of vital
importance to me because it enables me to save more time and energy for my work. Secondly，more choices and
more different kinds of commodities are offered on the Internet so that I can compare prices，types，qualities and
can even refer to people's comments before choosing the appropriate one for me. Last but not least, online shopping
enables me to buy things across different countries without travelling around the world, which is of great
convenience on a daily basis.
All in all, online shopping is more appealing to me and will definitely keep accompanying me in the future.
第 14 页
参考答案及评分细则
I．Listening Comprehension 25%
1—5 DADAC 6—10 BDAAC
11—13 BCD 14—16 BBC 17—20 ADCB
II．Grammar and Vocabulary 20%
22. What 22.a 23. to approach 24. despite 25. including 26. had tipped 27. how 28. do
29. even though/even if 30. is softened
31~35 JHAIC 36~40 BDKFE
III．Reading Comprehension 45%
41-55 BACAB CDBAD ADDAB
56~59. ADDC 60-62 BCA 63-66. ABCD
67~70. ECAD
IV．71.概要写作共10分（仅供阅卷老师参考）
One possible version:
As health care and food production improved, more children could survive, lengthening people’s life expectancy. This trend is
believed to continue thanks to development in medicine and anti-ageing drugs. If so, it will affect people and governments in many
ways, like requiring more pensions for the elderly, postponing the retirement age, creating business opportunities in entertainment
industryandincreasing the population. (60words)
评分标准:
1. 本题总分为10分, 其中内容5分, 语言5分。
2. 评分时应注意的主要方面: 内容要点、信息呈现的连贯性和准确性。
3. 词数超过60，酌情扣分。
各档次给分要求:
内容部分
A. 能准确、全面地概括文章主旨大意，并涵盖主要信息。
B. 能概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏部分主要信息。
C. 未能准确概括文章主旨大意，遗漏较多主要信息或留有过多细节信息。
D. 几乎不能概括文章的主旨大意，未涉及文中有意义的相关信息。
语言部分
A. 能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。
B. 基本能用自己的语言正确地表述，但连贯性较差，有少量不影响表意的语言错误。
C. 基本能用自己的语言表述，但连贯性较差，且严重语言错误较多。
D. 几乎不能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。
第 15 页
V. Translation （15%）
72. Hiking is one of the simplest ways for us to be exposed to nature.
73. Despite many difficulties, they are going to / have planned to adopt new measures.
74. Although/While it was bitterly/severely cold outdoors, there was a long queue of customers at the gate of the
baker’s, expecting/waiting to buy the freshly/newly-baked bread.
75. Owing to/In view of the fact that programming is regarded as (considered to be) one of the basic life skills in
the 21st century, courses of programming are made available (to the students) in this primary school from Year 1 /
Grade 1, which is warmly applauded by (highly spoken of / highly praised by) the parents.
VI. Guided Writing
Nowadays, online shopping has become an irreversible trend. Some people claim that online shopping has
more advantages while others maintain that physical stores are better.
From my perspective, I prefer online shopping for three reasons. First of all, its super convenience is of vital
importance to me because it enables me to save more time and energy for my work. Secondly，more choices and
more different kinds of commodities are offered on the Internet so that I can compare prices，types，qualities and
can even refer to people's comments before choosing the appropriate one for me. Last but not least, online shopping
enables me to buy things across different countries without travelling around the world, which is of great
convenience on a daily basis.
All in all, online shopping is more appealing to me and will definitely keep accompanying me in the future.
评分标准：
1. 本题总分为25分，其中内容10分，语言10分，组织结构5分。
2. 评分时应注意的主要方面：内容要点，应用词汇和语法结构的数量和正确性及上下文的连贯性。
3. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定所属档次，然后对照相应的组织结构档次给予加分。其中，
内容和语言两部分相加，得15分或以上者，可考虑加4-5分，15分以下者只能考虑加0，1，2，3分。
4. 词数少于70，总分最多不超过10分。
各档次给分要求
内容部分
A. 内容充实，主题突出，详略得当。
B. 内容基本充实，尚能表达出作文要求。
C. 漏掉或未能写清楚主要内容，有些内容与主题无关。
D. 明显遗漏主要内容，严重离题。
语言部分
A. 具有很好的语言表达能力，语法结构正确或有些小错误，主要因为使用了较复杂结构或词汇所致。句子
结构多样，词汇丰富。
B. 语法结构和词汇方面有错误，但不影响理解。句子结构有一定的变化，词汇使用得当。
C. 语法结构与词汇错误较多，影响了对内容的理解。句子结构单调，词汇较贫乏。
D. 语法结构与词汇的错误很多，影响了对内容的理解。词不达意。
第 16 页
组织结构部分
A. 自然地使用了语句间的连接成分，全文流畅，结构紧凑。
B. 能使用简单的语句间连接成分，全文内容连贯。
C. 尚能使用语句间连接成分，语言连贯性较差。
D. 缺乏语句间的连接成分，语言不连贯。
听力原文：
Listening Comprehension
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken
only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,
and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. M: I heard you had a barbecue down at the beach. How did it go?
W: It poured. We had to put it off again.
Q: What does the woman mean?
2. M: I have an appointment with Dr. Stevens at 3 o’clock tomorrow. But something’s come
up. I’d like to reschedule. Uh, any chance I can get in by the end of this week?
W: Well, we just had a cancellation for Friday. After that, the doctor will be out of the office
for two weeks.
Q: What does the woman mean?
3. W: I have to type all these reports by Monday morning.
M: There goes your sleep this weekend.
Q: What does the man mean?
4. M: This should be State Street up here on the left.
W: It’s not. I think you should’ve turned left at the last crossing.
Q: What does the woman mean?
5. W: How about seeing the new movie at the Palace Theater tonight?
M: Sounds great. But I’ve got to go over my notes for tomorrow’s mid-term.
Q: What can be learned about the man?
6. M: Did you get your credit card to take on your vacation?
W: Yeah. They sure beat carrying around a wallet full of big bills.
Q: What does the woman mean?
7. M: Let’s ask Professor Brown if she can give us the final exam during the last week of
classes.
W: You mean instead of during the exam period? Not much chance of that.
Q: What does the woman mean?
第 17 页
8. M: I’ve had enough of this museum. Why don’t we skip the gift shop?
W: Look. We promised my brother the poster so we haven’t much choice.
Q: What does the woman mean?
9. W: Hey, Dan. I hear you’re meeting Susan’s parents for the first time.
M: Yeah, next weekend. Fortunately her father loves to fish, so we’ll have something to talk
about.
Q: What can be learned about Dan?
10. M: I need to find a dentist. You’re familiar with Dr. Smith. Do you recommend her?
W: Well, I’ve seen her a few times. And the best I can say for her is she has interesting
magazines in her waiting room.
Q: What does the woman imply?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several
questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the
questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide
which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
So how could we change our schools so that children enjoy learning? What would a “QI school” be like?13
The following are Lloyd and Mitchinson’s basic suggestions. The first principle is that education should be more
play than work. The more learning involves things like storytelling and making things, the more interested children
will become. Second, they believe that the best people to control what children learn are the children themselves.
Children should be encouraged to follow their curiosity. They will end up learning to read, for example, because
they want to, in order to read about something they’re interested in. Third, they argue that children should be in
control of when and how they learn. Students wouldn’t have to go to the QI school if they didn’t want to, and there
would be no tests.11 There would only be projects, or goals that the children set themselves with the teacher
helping them. So a project could be something like making a video or building a chair. Fourth, there should never
be theory without practice.12 You can’t learn about vegetables and what kinds of plants they are from books and
pictures; you need to go and plant them and watch them grow. The fifth and last point Lloyd and Mitchinson make
is there’s no reason why school has to stop at 17 or 18. The QI school would be a place where you would be able to
continue learning all your life, a mini-university where the young and old could continue to find out about all the
things they are actually curious about.
11. Which of the statements is true of the QI school students?
12. Which of the following do Lloyd and Mitchinson emphasize in the process of learning?
13. What is this passage mainly about?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
第 18 页
Translation can be a debatable business. Constance Garnett was arguably the first to bring the Russian literary
giants to English-speaking readers, and produced 70 English translations of major works throughout her lifetime.
She worked quickly, making mistakes and skipping awkward passages and phrases. Yet one of Garnett’s greatest
crimes, according to Russian critics, was that she applied Victorian sensibilities to works by the likes of Tolstoy
and Dostoevsky.14 Kornei Chukovsky, commenting on Dostoevsky’s Notes From Underground, wrote: “With
Constance Garnett it becomes something safe but tasteless: not a volcano, but a smooth lawn mowed in the English
manner—which is to say a complete twist of the original.” Russian-born American poet Joseph Brodsky remarked:
“The reason English-speaking readers can barely tell the difference between Tolstoy and Dostoevsky is that they
aren’t reading either one. They’re reading Constance Garnett.”
Translators continued to use Garnett’s texts as a guide for decades until Richard Pevear and Larissa
Volokhonsky set out to finally produce faithful versions of the Russian masterworks in the 1990s.15 Yet in October
2007 British translator Andrew Bromfield’s edition of War and Peace blew the debate wide open. Shortening the
novel from 1,267 pages to just 885, and giving it a happy ending,16 his publisher Ecco boasted that the Bromfield
edition was “twice as short, four times as interesting... More peace and less war.”
14. What was one of Garnett’s greatest crimes according to Russian critics?
15. Whose version is most faithful to the original work according to the passage?
16. What did Andrew Bromfield do in this translation of War and Peace?
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following conversation.
M: You ran a marathon a few years ago, didn’t you, Nicola? That must have been amazing!
W: Yeah, I did it with my friend Julie. We were raising money for cancer research.17 My dad had died of
cancer the year before and her sister had also had it, so that was kind of what got us to start.
M: Oh, sorry to hear that. But you used to run before that, didn’t you? I mean, you didn’t start running from
scratch?
W: No, we’d both done a bit of running, but not that seriously; and we just got talking about it one day when
we were dropping our kids off at nursery. The more we talked about it, the more enthusiastic we got!
M: So how did you go about training? I mean, I wouldn’t even know when to start!
W: We found a training programme in a running magazine. Basically, we just followed it strictly for about six
months. You had to run five times a week and it started short—about 20 kilometres a week—and gradually, you
built up to about 75 to 100 kilometres a week.18
M: That must have been incredibly terrible!
W: It was completely horrible! Some days I really didn’t want to get out of bed and do it, but we just stuck
to it come rain or shine.
M: And did doing it with someone else make a big difference?
W: Oh yeah, it made all the difference in the world. On the days when you really didn’t want to get up and do
it you just felt you had to be there for the other person. There’s nothing worse than letting the other person down.
And, of course, it was someone to talk to—long runs can be pretty boring. We just chatted for hours and hours; we
got to know each other really well!
第 19 页
M: That and the thought of all the money you were raising!
W: Yeah, the charity we signed up with was really helpful, too. They had support meetings and they had a
physiotherapist you could consult.
M: So, I guess you felt you couldn’t let them down either?
W: Exactly. And once we had done it, it was amazing.19 We were even in the newspaper! When I look back
on it, it really feels like one of the achievements of my lifetime.20
M: Yeah, you must feel so proud! And you must have got so fit!
(Now listen again, please.)
17. Why did Nicola and her friend run a marathon a few years ago?
18. What can be learned about Nicola?
19. What does Nicola think of running with a friend?
20. What did Nicola think of her experience of running for a marathon?
第 20 页
第 21 页
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