专题04 语法填空(第04期)-2021届高三江苏新高考英语好题速递分项汇编(解析版)
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专题04 语法填空(第04期)-2021届高三江苏新高考英语好题速递分项汇编(解析版)

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专题 04 语法填空(第 04 期)-2021 届高三江苏新高考英语好题速递分项汇编 【江苏省连云港市 2021 届高三 1 月适应性演练模拟】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号 内单词的正确形式。 Before discovering electricity, people relied on fire as a source of light. It was a troublesome business 36. fires can lead to disaster. Making fire dependable was so difficult that lights on moving vehicles were37. (hard) ever considered. The early trains38. (travel) only during the day. The tracks were too dangerous during dark nights, and passengers also wanted to see39. they were traveling anyway. In the late 1830s, railroad traffic became so heavy that freight trains(货运火车) had to put off passenger trains. 40. (avoid) these put-offs, railroads started running freight trains at night. Horatio Allen’s 1831 41. (invent), the “Track illuminator(照明器),” was suddenly in demand. It was a pile of special wood42. (burn) in an iron grate that sat in a box of sand on a platform car, which was pushed ahead43. the train. The illuminator did not cast much light, but it warned of an approaching train. In 1851, the first44. (electricity) headlamp was developed. Russia ran the first train 45. was equipped with a battery-powered one. 【答案】36.because/as/since/for37.hardly38.travelled39.where40.To avoid41.invention42.burning43.of 44.electric45.that 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火车上的轨道照明器使得火车能够在夜间航行,也能提醒行人 有列车通过。 36.考查状语从句。句意:这是件麻烦的事,因为火会导致灾难。引导原因状语从句,表示“因为”可用 because/as/since/for 引导。故填 because/as/since/for。 37.考查副词。句意:要使火变得可靠是如此困难,以至于人们几乎从未考虑过移动车辆上的灯光。修饰 后文动词 consider 应用副词,且结合句意表示“几乎不”应用 hardly。故填 hardly。 38.考查动词时态。句意:早期的火车只在白天行驶。根据语境,描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。 故填 travelled。 39.考查宾语从句。句意:在黑夜里,铁轨太危险了,乘客们也想看看他们到底要去哪里。此处为宾语从 句,从句中缺少地点状语,应用 where 引导该从句。故填 where。 40.考查非谓语动词。句意:为了避免这些延误,铁路开始在夜间运行货运列车。分析句子结构,可知 avoid 在句中应用非谓语动词形式,此处作目的状语,应用不定式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 To avoid。 41.考查名词。句意:Horatio Allen 1831年的发明“轨道照明器”突然间大受欢迎。根据上文名词所有格Horatio Allen’s 可知应填名词 invention,结合后文 was 可知应填单数。故填 invention。 42.考查非谓语动词。句意:那是一堆特殊的木头,在一个铁格栅里燃烧着,铁格栅放在站台车厢的一箱 沙子里,被推到火车前面。分析句子结构,可知 burn 在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语 wood 构成 主动关系,应用现在分词作定语。故填 burning。 43.考查介词。句意:那是一堆特殊的木头,在一个铁格栅里燃烧着,铁格栅放在站台车厢的一箱沙子里, 被推到火车前面。结合句意表示“推到……前面”短语为 push ahead of。故填 of。 44.考查形容词。句意:1851 年,发明了第一个电动头灯。修饰后文名词 headlamp,应用形容词 electric, 作定语。故填 electric。 45.考查定语从句。句意:俄罗斯运行了第一列配备电池驱动的列车。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 train, 先行词在从句中作主语,指物,且由序数词 the first 修饰,只能用关系代词 that 引导。故填 that。 【江苏省 2020-2021 学年百校联考高三第二次考试】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Guardian gave us the bad news that red and processed meat can shorten life. But The Daily Telegraph provided the good news that exchanging one portion (部分)of red meat a day 56.fish or nuts could cut the risk of early death by almost a fifth. Both headlines 57.(put) forward by a major new study into diet and health 58.(outcome). Researchers looked at changes in diet for more than 50, 000 women and 27, 000 men in the US, over 16 years. They found that those 59. had changed their diet to include more red meat 60.(be) around 10% more likely to die during the study. While reducing red meat alone did not result in lower risk of death, eating other food such as fish or nuts did 61.(slight) reduce the risk of death. We still need to be 62.(care)about the findings. This study cannot tell us for sure that red meat or changes in red meat 63.(consume) are the direct cause of changes in length of life. But 64. results support existing healthy eating advice65.(limit) red and processed meat, and to eat plenty of vegetables, fruit and other protein sources such as nuts and legumes (豆类). 【答案】56.for57.were put58.outcomes59.who/that60.were61.slightly62.careful63.consumption64.the65.to limit 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了每天用一份红肉代替鱼或坚果可以将早死的风险降低。 56.考查介词。句意:但《每日电讯报》提供了一个好消息,每天用一份红肉代替鱼或坚果可以将早死的 风险降低近五分之一。exchange…for…是固定搭配,意为“交换”。故填 for。 57.考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:这两个标题都是由一项关于饮食和健康结果的重大新研究提出 的。此处陈述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时,主语 Both headlines 与谓语为被动关系。可知,此处应该 用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为 headlines,谓语动词使用复数形式。故填 were put。 58.考查名词。句意:这两个标题都是由一项关于饮食和健康结果的重大新研究提出的。outcome 是可数名 词,再根据前面的 diet and health 可知,这里是指两方面的结果,所以用复数形式。故填 outcomes。 59.考查定语从句。句意:他们发现,在研究期间,那些改变了饮食习惯、摄入更多红肉的人死亡的可能 性要高出 10%左右。空处引导定语从句,先行词 those 指代人,且在定语从句中充当主语,需用关系代词 who/that 引导。故填 who/that。 60.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:他们发现,在研究期间,那些改变了饮食习惯、摄入更多红肉的人 死亡的可能性要高出 10%左右。分析句子结构可知,that 引导的宾语从句缺少谓语,再根据前面的 had 可知, 此处应该用一般过去时。主语为 those,谓语动词用复数形式。故填 were。 61.考查副词。句意:虽然减少红肉本身并不能降低死亡风险,但吃鱼或坚果等其他食物确实能略微降低 死亡风险。此处用 slight 的副词形式来修饰谓语动词 did reduce。故填 slightly。 62.考查形容词。句意:我们仍然需要对这些发现保持谨慎。be 为系动词,后面需加形容词作表语,be careful about 为固定结构,意为“注意”。故填 careful。 63.考查名词。句意:这项研究不能确定地告诉我们红肉或红肉消耗的变化是寿命变化的直接原因。meat 为名词作定语,修饰名词。consumption 是 consume 的名词形式,meat consumption 意为“肉类消耗”。故填 consumption。 64.考查冠词。句意:但研究结果支持了现有的健康饮食建议,即限制红肉和加工肉类,多吃蔬菜、水果 和其他蛋白质来源,如坚果和豆类。这里的 the results 特指这次实验的结果,需用定冠词 the 修饰。故填 the。 65.考查非谓语动词。句意:但研究结果支持了现有的健康饮食建议,即限制红肉和加工肉类,多吃蔬菜、 水果和其他蛋白质来源,如坚果和豆类。and 前后为并列成分,根据本句后面的 to eat 可知,此处应该用动 词不定式作定语。故填 to limit。 【江苏省苏州市八校联盟 2021 届高三第二次适应性检测】 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China was once the world’s biggest recipient of overseas trash. Because of a 56. (short) of enough raw materials, China began importing solid waste in 1980. The recycling of 57. (import) waste helped to fill that gap. Recycling foreign trash has support the development of China’s manufacturing sector and further boosted its economy. After 58. (process), garbage can be turned into materials that can be used to make products, such as chairs and bags. However, importing this waste has brought 59. (many) risks than benefits. Waste that can’t be 60.(proper) used is either burned or buried, 61.processing recyclables also leads to rivers, air and land pollution, as well as 62. (vary) diseases. But from Jan 1, 2021, China will make a sweeping ban 63. all imports of solid waste. According to China Daily, the ban taking effect in 2021 is the final stage of policies introduced in 2017, since 64., the volume of foreign waste 65. (fall) by 68 percent, from 42 million to 13 million tons in 2019. “The victory of realizing the goal of zero imports of solid waste is in sight,” said Qiu Qiwen, from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. 【答案】56.shortage57.imported58.being processed59.more60.properly61.while 62.various63.on64.when65.has fallen 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述从 2021 年 1 月 1 日起,中国将全面禁止所有固体废物的进口,这将有 益于环保。 56.考查名词。句意:由于缺乏足够的原材料,中国从 1980 年开始进口固体废物。不定冠词 a 后需接可数 名词单数,short 的名词为 shortage“不足,缺乏”。故填 shortage。 57.考查过去分词。句意:进口废物的回收利用有助于填补这一空白。分析句子结构可知,空处需用非谓 语动词作前置定语修饰名词 waste,此处表示被进口的,所以空处需用过去分词 imported 作前置定语。故填 imported。 58.考查动名词。句意:垃圾经过处理后,可以转化成可以用来制作产品的材料,如椅子和袋子。介词 after 后需用动名词作宾语,此处表示被处理,所以空处需用动名词的被动语态:being done。故填 being processed。 59.考查形容词的比较级。句意:然而,进口这些垃圾带来的风险大于好处。由空后 than benefits 可知,空 处需用 many 的比较级 more,表示更多的风险。故填 more。 60.考查副词。句意:不能正确使用的废物要么被焚烧,要么被掩埋,而处理可回收的废物也会导致河流、 空气和土地污染,以及各种疾病。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词 used。故填 properly。 61.考查连词。句意同上。根据空前后句意可知,此处由对比之意,所以此处需用连词 while“而,可是”。 故填 while。 62. 考查形容词。句意:不能正确使用的废物要么被焚烧,要么被掩埋,而处理可回收的废物也会导致河流、 空气和土地污染,以及各种疾病。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词 diseases,vary 的形容词为 various“各种 各样的”。故填 various。 63.考查介词。句意:但从 2021 年 1 月 1 日起,中国将全面禁止所有固体废物的进口。make a ban on…对…… 发出禁令,固定搭配。故填 on。 64.考查定语从句。句意:据《中国日报》报道,将于 2021 年生效的禁令是 2017 年出台的政策的最后阶 段,自那以来,外国垃圾的数量下降了 68%,从 4200 万吨下降到 2019 年的 1300 万吨。由空前时间词可知, 空处需用 since when 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 2017,since when=and since then。故填 when。 65.考查时态和主谓一致。句意同上。由前文连接词 since 可知,空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态:have/has done,主语是单数 the volume of foreign waste ,所以此处助动词需用 has。故填 has fallen。 语法填空【江苏省苏锡常镇四市 2021 届高三教学情况调研】 Calligraphy is something very special for Chinese. It is not only an important part of 36 (tradition) Chinese culture but also a way of life for people of all classes. Like oil painting and sculpt ure in the West, calligraphy is as much an artistic form 37 a spiritual anchor for many Chin ese throughout history. Rarely does any 38 culture in human history attach importance to call igraphy in such a way. 39 ancient times calligraphy has played a critical role in Chinese culture and history. Ca lligraphy was well-respected, or even worshiped in history. It was a foundation for scarcely available educ ation opportunities 40 (lead) to the upper class. Nowadays, zhongtang consists of three pieces of calligraphic works and a water-color painting intended to impress the guests, and it is the 41 (elegant) feature of the living room and is still popular in rural areas of northwestern China. The cho ice of calligraphy and its meaning reflects the social status in the neighborhood and it 42 (co nsider) as one of the most important possessions for generations. Calligraphy used to be a privilege among the well-educated elites(精英). Nowadays, a comfortable life encourages more and more people 43 (practice) calligraphy. As much as artistic 44 (appreciate), physical fitness and recreation, calligraphy 45 (become) a part of life among many Chinese people. Therefore, another Golden Age of Chinese calligraphy is coming. 【答案】36.traditional37.as38.other39.Since40.leading41.most elegant42.is considered43.to practice44.appreciat ion45.is becoming 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了书法在中国的意义、地位和发展。 36.考查形容词。句意:它不仅是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,也是各阶层人民的生活方式。根据 Chines e culture 可知此处要用形容词,做定语。故填 traditional。 37.考查连词。句意:就像西方的油画和雕塑一样,书法不仅一种艺术形式,而且历史上也是许多中国人的 精神支柱。短语 as much…as...“不仅…而且…”,第二个 as 是比较连词。故填 as。 38.考查代词。句意:在人类历史上,很少有其他文化如此重视书法。any other“其他的”,后接名词单数形 式。故填 other。 39.考查连词。句意:自古以来,书法在中国文化和历史中扮演着重要的角色。根据谓语动词时态 has playe d 以及句意可知此处要用连词 since“自……以来”。故填 Since。 40.考查非谓语动词。句意:它是通向上层社会难得的受教育机会的基础。根据谓语动词 was 可知此处要用 非谓语动词,且 a foundation 与 lead 之间是主动关系,因此用现在分词形式,作状语。故填 leading。 41.考查形容词最高级。句意:如今,“中堂”由三幅书法作品和一幅水彩画组成,目的是为了给客人留下深 刻印象,它是客厅中最优雅的特色,至今仍在中国西北的农村地区流行。根据 of the living room 以及冠词 the 可知此处要用形容词的最高级。故填 most elegant。 42.考查时态和语态。句意:书法的选择及其意义反映了当地的社会地位,被认为是历代最重要的财产之一。 由 reflects 可知时态是一般现在时,根据主语 it 与动词 consider 之间是被动关系,可知此处要用被动语态。 故填 is considered。 43.考查动词不定式。句意:如今,舒适的生活鼓励越来越多的人练习书法。根据 encourages more and mor e people 可知此处要用动词不定式,encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故填 to practice。 44.考查名词。句意:如同艺术欣赏、健身和娱乐一样,书法正在成为许多中国人生活的一部分。根据形容 词 artistic 可知此处要用名词形式。故填 appreciation。 45.考查时态。句意:如同艺术欣赏、健身和娱乐一样,书法正在成为许多中国人生活的一部分。此处描述 正在进行的动作,因此时态要用现在进行时,根据主语为 calligraphy 可知谓语动词要用单数形式。故填 is becoming。 【江苏省南京 29 中、南菁中学等四校 2021 届高三 12 月联考】 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is a common expression in the English language 56. (refer) to a blue moon. When people say something happens “ only once in a blue moon”, they actually intend to indicate the 57. (frequent) of it. This expression has been around for at least a century and a half; there are references to this expression that 58. (date) from the second half of the nineteenth century. The expression “a blue moon” has come to refer to 59. second full moon occurring in any given calendar month. A second full moon is called a blue moon not because it is 60. (particular) blue or is any different in hue (色彩) 61. the first full moon of the month. Instead, it is called a blue moon because it is so rare. The moon needs a little more than 29 days 62. (complete) the cycle from full moon to full moon. Because every month except February has more than 29 days, every month has at least one full moon, except February, which has a full moon 63.there is a full moon at the end of January and another full moon at the end of March. It is on the occasion 64.a given calendar month has a second full moon that a blue moon occurs. It happens only three or four 65. (time) in a decade. 【答案】56.referring57.infrequency/ infrequence58.date59.the60.particularly61.from62.to complete 63.unless64.when65.times 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人们经常用 once in a blue moon 来表示“千载难逢”,说明了人 们为什么用它来表示“千载难逢”的原因。 56.考查非谓语动词。句意:英语中有一个常用的表达方式来形容蓝月亮。分析句子结构可知,谓语为 is, 所以 refer 用作非谓语动词,refer 与逻辑主语 expression 之间为主动关系,所以应用现在分词形式作后置定 语,故填 referring。 57.考查名词。句意:当人们说某件事“once in a blue moon”(千载难逢)时,他们实际上是想表达这件事很少 发生。由定冠词 the 和 indicate 可知空处应填入名词作宾语,提示词 frequent 的名词形式为 “frequency/frequence(频率,频繁),由句意可知应用反义词“infrequency/ infrequence(罕见,很少发生)”,故填 infrequency/ infrequence。 58.考查谓语动词。句意:这个表达已经存在了至少一个半世纪;有一些关于这个表达的引用可以追溯到 19 世纪下半叶。分析句子结构可知空处为从句谓语,主语 that 指代上文的 references,故为复数,句意描述 客观事实,谓语动词应用动词原形,故填 date。 59.考查冠词。句意:“蓝月亮”一词指的是在任何一个特定的日历月中发生的第二次满月。由句意及 second 可知此处表示“第二次”,序数词表示顺序时前面应用定冠词修饰,故填 the。 60.考查副词。句意:第二次满月被称为“蓝月亮”,并不是因为它特别蓝,或者与这个月的第一次满月有任 何不同的色调。根据句意以及空后形容词 blue 可知,此处应用副词修饰形容词。故填 particularly。 61.考查介词。句意:第二次满月被称为“蓝月亮”,并不是因为它特别蓝,或者与这个月的第一次满月有任 何不同的色调。根据句意以及 is different 可知此处使用的是固定短语“be different from”表示“与……不同”, 故填 from。 62.考查非谓语动词。句意:月亮从满月到满月的周期需要 29 天多一点。分析句子结构可知谓语为 needs, 所以 complete 应用作非谓语动词,结合宾语“a little more than 29 days (29 天多一点)”表示时间可知,此处为 “need time to do sth(需要时间做……)”,故填 to complete。 63.考查条件状语从句。句意:因为除了二月,每个月都超过 29 天,所以每个月至少有一次满月,除了二 月,除非在 1 月底有一次满月那么二月就会有一次满月,在 3 月底又有一次满月。分析句子结构结合句意 可知空处引导一个条件状语从句,“一月底有一次满月”是“二月会有一次满月”的条件,所以应用 unless(除非) 引导该从句,故填 unless。 64.考查时间状语从句。句意:在一个日历月出现第二次满月时,就会出现蓝月。分析句子可知,设空处 引导定语从句,关系词代替先行词 occasion 在从句中充当时间状语,应用关系副词 when。故填 when。 65.考查名词复数。句意:这种情况在十年内只会发生三四次。由句意可知,此处 time 作“次数”讲时为可 数名词,结合数字“three or four”可知名词应用复数形式,故填 times。 【江苏省南京市六校联合体 2021 届高三上学期 11 月联考】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个 单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Taking a gap year before you move into further education is not a new concept, 56. now focuses on making the most of this break from academic life. Long gone are the days of just hanging out on a beach or backpacking round the world. While that is still an option, a gap year is now more about gaining skills that 57. (help) you in later life. Doing something productive is exactly what students 58.(encourage)to do because doing more purposeful things like work experience or charity work helps them acquire skills to use when 59. (compete) for a place at university. It looks good on their CV and eventually makes them more employable. 60. the benefits of taking a gap year, some students worry they can’t afford it. A student, Tom, told the BBC that to him, a gap year was 61. ‘alien concept’. He said “it would have been far too expensive and it's not something that I would have been able to rely on my parents or family members for.” But some experts say that it needn’t burn a hole in your pocket; you don’t need to travel far and you can even earn money by doing 62.(pay) work. For those who do have the funds, a 63. (combine) of working, volunteering and travelling is 64.(doubt) an amazing opportunity. It increases confidence and independence, offers you a chance to learn new crafts, and gives you time to reflect on 65. university is right for you. 【答案】56.which57.will help58.are encouraged59.competing60.Despite61.an62.paid63.combination64.undoubtedly65.whether 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在深造之前休学一年来获得对以后生活有帮助的技能,介绍了 在这期间可以从事的一些有益的活动,以及人们对此的看法。 56.考查定语从句。句意:在你继续深造之前休学一年并不是一个新概念,这一概念如今的重点是充分利 用学术生活中的这段时间。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 concept,且先行词在从句中作主语,指物, 故应用关系代词 which 引导,that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填 which。 57.考查动词时态。句意:虽然这也是一种选择,但空档年更多的是为了获得对以后生活有帮助的技能。 根据后文“in later life”可知表示将来的动作应用一般将来时。故填 will help 。 58.考查动词时态语态。句意:做一些有成效的事情正是学生们被鼓励去做的,因为做一些更有目的性的 事情,比如工作经验或慈善工作,可以帮助他们获得在大学竞争中要用到技能。根据上文 is 可知为一般现 在时,且从句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为 students,谓语动词 用复数。故填 are encouraged。 59.考查省略句。句意:做一些有成效的事情正是学生们被鼓励去做的,因为做一些更有目的性的事情, 比如工作经验或慈善工作,可以帮助他们获得在大学竞争中要用到的技能。when 引导状语从句时,常省略 和主句相同的主语和从句中的be 动词,结合语境从句为现在进行时,从句完整为when(students are) competing for a place at university。故填 competing。 60.考查介词。句意:尽管休空档年有其好处,一些学生担心他们负担不起。结合句意表示“尽管”应用介词 despite,句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Despite。 61.考查冠词。句意:一位名叫汤姆的学生告诉 BBC,对他来说,空档年是一个“陌生的概念”。concept 是 可数名词,此处表泛指应用不定冠词,且 alien 是发音以元音音素开头的单词,应用 an。故填 an。 62.考查形容词。句意:你不需要去很远的地方,你甚至可以通过做有偿工作来赚钱。修饰后文 work,表 示“有偿的”应用形容词 paid,作定语。故填 paid。 63.考查名词。句意:对于那些有资金的人来说,工作、志愿服务和旅行的结合无疑是一个惊人的机会。 根据上文冠词 a 可知应填单数名词 combination,作主语。故填 combination。 64.考查副词。句意:对于那些有资金的人来说,工作、志愿服务和旅行的结合无疑是一个惊人的机会。 修饰句子应用副词 undoubtedly。故填 undoubtedly。 65.考查宾语从句。句意:它增加了你的自信和独立性,为你提供了一个学习新手艺的机会,并给你时间 来思考大学是否适合你。此处为宾语从句,从句中不缺少成分,表示“是否”应用 whether。故填 whether。 【江苏省如皋如东丹阳三校 2021 届高三 12 月联考】 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Europe has nearly half of the sites on the World Heritage List, but archaeologists and experts from UNESCO have recommended more sites from Asia, Africa and the Americas 56.(add).If a site is on the list, it affects the number of tourists 57.(visit) a country as the site can become a huge tourist attraction.58., large numbers of tourists to a site are a problem.For example, in the caves of Dunhuang, the air is very dry.It is only because of the dry air 59.the wonderful paintings 60.(survive) since the early Qin Dynasty.But thousands of tourists’ feet could damage the stones and the changed air could affect the paintings.The Chinese government has worked with UNESCO to agree 61. a plan to protect the caves. 62. (regret) , around the world, especially in countries 63.there is fighting or great 64.(poor) , many wonderful sites are still endangered.Some may not even get onto the list 65. they disappear forever. 【答案】56.(should) be added57.visiting/to visit58.However59.that60.have survived61.on62.Regretfully63.where 64.poverty65.before 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了,遗址被列入世界遗产名录的好处和坏处。 56.考查虚拟语气和语态。句意:欧洲有将近一半的遗址被列入世界遗产名录,但是考古学家和联合国教 科文组织的专家建议增加更多的亚洲、非洲和美洲的遗址。表建议的 recommend 后接宾语从句,从句用虚 拟语气,从句谓语用“(should) do”,从句主语 more sites from Asia,Africa and the Americas 和谓语 add 是被 动关系,用(should) be done 形式。故填(should) be added。 57.考查现在分词/动词不定式。句意:如果一个遗址被列入世界遗产名录,它会影响到一个国家的游客访 问量,因为这个遗址可以成为一个巨大的旅游景点。本句已有谓语 affects 且无连词,其它动词用非谓语形 式,名词 tourists 和动词 visit 是逻辑上的主谓关系,用现在分词(doing)表主动,作名词 tourists 的后置定 语;或此空表将来,用动词不定式(to do)作名词 tourists 的后置定语,意为“将要去参观的游客”。故填 visiting/to visit。 58.考查副词。句意:然而,大量的游客到一个地方是一个问题。上句讲到“遗址被列入世界遗产名录的好 处(游客多)”,本句讲“游客多的坏处”,二者转折关系,用 however,首字母大写。故填 However。 59.考查 it 强调句型。句意:这是因为只有干燥的空气才使这些精彩的画作从秦朝早期就保存下来。分析 句子可知,本句去掉 It is 和设空处仍然是一个完成句子,由此可知此处考查强调句,结构为 It is/was +被强 调部分+ that(强调人时可用 who)+句子其他部分,此处强调的是状语 only because of the dry air,用 that。 故填 that。 60.考查时态。句意:这是因为只有干燥的空气才使这些精彩的画作从秦朝早期就保存下来了。此处缺乏 谓语,由时间状语 since the early Qin Dynasty 可知,since +过去的时间,句子用现在完成时(has/have done), 主语 the wonderful paintings 是复数,谓语复数形式。故填 have survived。 61.考查固定搭配。句意:中国政府已经与联合国教科文组织达成了一项保护洞穴的计划。固定搭配 agree on sth.(就某事达成一致)。故填 on。 62.考查副词。句意:遗憾的是,在世界范围内,特别是在那些有战争或极度贫困的国家,许多美丽的遗 址仍然处于濒危状态。此处用副词 regretfully(遗憾的是)作状语,修饰后面整个句子,首字母大写。故填 Regretfully。 63.考查定语从句关系词。句意:遗憾的是,在世界范围内,特别是在那些有战争或极度贫困的国家,许 多美丽的遗址仍然处于濒危状态。此处是定语从句,先行词是 countries,在从句中做地点状语,用关系副词 where。故填 where。 64.考查名词。句意:遗憾的是,在世界范围内,特别是在那些有战争或极度贫困的国家,许多美丽的遗 址仍然处于濒危状态。there is fighting or great ___9___ (poor)是“there be +主语”结构,此处用名词 poverty (贫困)作主语,该词不可数。故填 poverty。 65.考查连词。句意:有些甚至可能在消失之前还没有被列入名单。由本句逻辑关系可知,此处指“在…… 之前”,用 before。故填 before。 【江苏省泰州市 2021 届高三上学期期末】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Ant Forest initiative was launched by the Alipay app in 2016. 36.about 200 million trees planted on 182,700 hectares of land, it has helped to 37.(efficient) avoid almost 7.9 million tons of carbon emissions. The initiative is in line with the Chinese government's strategy of transforming the nation into a "Green Economy". 38. (accomplish) this objective,China has been taking aggressive action in expanding its green coverage. For example,the "Great Green Wall" was initiated in the northern region to restrict the 39. (expand) of the Gobi Desert. The Forestry Administration's monitoring report mentioned that desert lands 40. (shrink) by 24,240 square kilometers in the past decade. Moreover,China only has a small percentage of vegetated area(植被面积). 41.it has contributed to the increase in the world's green leaf area by almost 25% in the last two decades. Our planet is at a tipping point, 42.may result in natural disasters unless urgent actions 43.(take)immediately. Here, Alipay Ant Forest shows that it is possible to rely on digital technology for a better and 44. (green) future. Several more initiatives, from not just China but all across the globe, 45. (be) under way towards a sustainable future of the planet. 【答案】36.With37.efficiently38.To accomplish39.expansion / expanding40.had shrunk41.However 42.which43.are taken44.greener45.are 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道,介绍了中国为地球绿化正在采取的积极措施。 36.考查介词。句意:由于大约 200,000,000 棵树被种植在 182,7000 公顷的地上,它有效地帮助避免了 几乎 790 万吨的炭排放。分析句子结构可知,此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构,在句中作原因状语,故 填 With。 37.考查副词。句意同上。本空在句中修饰动词 avoid,应该用副词。故填 efficiently。 38.考查非谓语。句意:为了完成这个目标,中国已经采取积极的行动来扩大绿化面积。分析句子结构, 再结合句意可知,此处表示目的,用不定式作目的状语,表示“为了实现这个目标”。故填 To accomplish。 39.考查名词。句意:“绿色长城”这个项目最初是在北方地区发起的,目的是限制沙漠的扩张。分析句子结 构可知,本空作动词 restrict 的宾语,空前有 the,所以应该用名词(表抽象意义,不可数)或者动名词。故 填 expansion /expanding。 40.考查谓语动词时态。句意:森林管理部门的监测报告中提到,沙漠地区在过去的十年里已经缩小了 24240 平方公里。分析句子结构可知,本空在句中作从句的谓语动词,发生在 mentioned 之前,也就是过去的过 去,用过去完成时。故填 had shrunk。 41.考查副词。句意:然而,它在过去的二十年里,已经为世界绿地面积的增长做出了 25%的贡献。根据 上句,中国仅仅有很少数量的植被面积,而空后面的句子又提到,中国的这么少的植被面积却为世界的绿 化做出了很大的贡献,所以前后是转折关系。故填 However。 42.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我们的地球正处在一个临界点,这个点可能会导致自然灾难,除非立 即采取行动。分析句子结构可知,本空引导非限制性定语从句,关系词指代先行词 point 并在从句中作主语, 所以用 which 引导。故填 which。 43.考查时态语态。句意:我们的地球正处在一个临界点,这个点可能会导致自然灾难,除非立即 采取行 动。分析句子结构可知,本空在句中作从句的谓语动词,主语为 actions,主语和谓语动词为被动关系,再 结合句意,主将从现,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填 are taken。 44.考查形容词比较级。句意:这个组织表明,依赖数码技术来创造一个更好更绿色的未来是可能的。分 析句子结构可知,本空与前面 better 是并列关系,所以用比较级形式。故填 greener。 45.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:有来自中国和世界的更多的方案正在实施中,为创造地球的持续化未来。 分析句子结构可知,本空在句中作谓语,陈述的是现在的情况,用一般现在时,主语是 initiatives,所以用 复数 are。故填 are。 【江苏省、南京师范大学附属中学、海安中学 2021 届高三 12 月联考】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A company in Yancheng, Jiangsu province reportedly introduced an internal document requiring all employees to stop using iPhones, and those who switched to Huawei would get 36.bonus. A senior company executive said the move was 37.(ensure) the security of information and commercial secrets, and to encourage all to support domestic brands. There 38.(be) instances in the past few years, too, of other private companies 39.(forbid) employees from using iPhones and insisting they support Chinese brands. At the time 40.the US government is forcing US companies to stop doing business with Huawei, it is good to see Chinese compatriots supporting Chinese brands. However, it isn't Apple that is stopping applying chips and other high-tech parts to Huawei. It is US politicians. The 41. (good) way to support Chinese companies is to speak out42.those US politicians. Boycotting US brands such as Apple is not at all advisable. It not only violates an individual's 43.(person) right to choose what he or she likes, it also creates a lot of misunderstanding. Even Huawei founder Ren Zhengfei said that patriotism should not decide whether one wants an iPhone 44.a Huawei. He said that he had bought Apple computers for his family and his company must learn from its 45.(compete). 【答案】36.a37.to ensure38.have been39.forbidding40.when41.best42.against43.personal44.or45.competitor(s) 【解析】这是一篇议论文。据报道,江苏盐城的一家公司发布了一份内部文件,要求所有员工停止使用 iphone, 转而使用华为的员工将获得奖金。但作者认为支持中国企业的最好方式是公开反对那些美国政客,抵制苹 果等美国品牌是完全不可取的。它不仅侵犯了一个人选择他或她喜欢的东西的个人权利,它也造成了许多 误解。 36.考查冠词。句意:据报道,江苏盐城的一家公司发布了一份内部文件,要求所有员工停止使用 iphone, 转而使用华为的员工将获得奖金。一 bonus 为可数名词,此处表泛指应用不定冠词,且 bonus 是发音以辅音 音素开头的单词,应用 a。故填 a。 37.考查非谓语动词。句意:一名公司高管表示,此举是为了确保信息和商业机密的安全,并鼓励所有人 支持国内品牌。分析句子结构可知 ensure 在句中应用非谓语动词形式,根据后文 and to encourage 可知此处 应用不定式作表语。故填 to ensure。 38.考查动词时态。句意:过去几年也有其他私营企业禁止员工使用 iphone,并坚持支持中国品牌的例子。 根据后文 in the past few years 可知应用现在完成时,且主语为 instances,助动词用 have。故填 have been。 39.考查非谓语动词。句意:过去几年也有其他私营企业禁止员工使用 iphone,并坚持支持中国品牌的例 子。空处作介词 of 的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填 forbidding。 40.考查定语从句。句意:在美国政府迫使美国公司停止与华为做生意的时候,很高兴看到中国同胞支持 中国品牌。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 time,先行词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词 when 引导。故填 when。 41.考查形容词最高级。句意:支持中国企业的最好方式是公开反对那些美国政客。根据上文定冠词 the, 以及句意“最好”可知应填形容词最高级 best。故填 best。 42.考查介词。句意:支持中国企业的最好方式是公开反对那些美国政客。结合句意表示“公开反对”可知短 语为 speak out against。故填 against。 43.考查形容词。句意:它不仅侵犯了一个人选择他或她喜欢的东西的个人权利,它也造成了许多误解。 修饰后文名词 right 应用形容词 personal,作定语。故填 personal。 44.考查固定短语。句意:甚至华为创始人任正非也表示,爱国主义不能决定一个人是想要 iPhone 还是华 为。结合句意表示“是……还是……”可知短语为 whether…or…。故填 or。 45.考查名词。句意:他说他是为家人买的苹果电脑,他的公司必须向竞争对手学习。此处作宾语,表示“竞 争者”应用名词 competitor,此处可用复数也可用单数。故填 competitor(s)。 【江苏省扬州市 2020-2021 学年高三上学期期末考试适应性练习】阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的 单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A swing (秋千) could be important for learning, according to one girls’ school. At Brighton Girls, a private school for children 56. (age) 4-18, a swing is to be installed in the sixth-form study center after some of the teenagers asked for one. After some research, the headmistress, Rosie McColl, said she discovered a swing would be 57. (benefit). She said, “I knew 58. student in a previous school who used to go out and swing in a park between lessons. 59. (current), what we are doing is bringing the swing into the school 60. (help) build a culture. This leads to better results 61. students in terms of both their wellbeing and academic achievement.” Recent studies show physical activity can improve brain function as well as calming the mind and body, at a time when 62. (anxious) among teenagers is at record levels. So far, McColl’s decision 63. (support) by parents, including Sam Cartwright-Hatton, a psychologist at Sussex University, 64. wrote a letter to the government before schools returned in September calling for new, more creative lessons to help children settle back into class. McColl advises students 65. (prepare) for exams over the Christmas holiday to find a swing in a local park between revision classes. “No one is ever too old to go on the swings, to play, to think and to dream,” she said. 【答案】56.aged57.beneficial58.a59.Currently60.to help61.for62.anxiety63.has been supported64.who 65.preparing 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。布莱顿女子学校将在六年级的学习中心安装一个秋千帮助学生身心平静,建 立一种校园文化。 1.考查过去分词。句意:布莱顿女子学校是一所专为 4-18 岁儿童开设的私立学校,在一些学生提出要求后, 学校将在六年级的学习中心安装一个秋千。动词 age 和逻辑主语 children 构成被动关系,年龄是既定事实, 所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填 aged。 2.考查形容词。句意:经过一番研究,校长罗茜·麦科尔(Rosie McColl)说,她发现秋千会有好处。be 动词后 应用形容词形式作表语。形容词 beneficial 意为“有好处的”。故填 beneficial。 3.考查冠词。句意:她说:“我认识以前学校的一个学生,他经常在课间到公园里去荡秋千。此处 student 是首 次出现,所以应是泛指,用不定冠词 a。故填 a。 4.考查副词。句意:目前,我们正在做的是将秋千带入学校,帮助建立一种文化。修饰整个句子作状语应用 副词。故填 Currently。 5.考查 to do 不定式。句意:目前,我们正在做的是将秋千带入学校,帮助建立一种文化。此处表目的,把 秋千带入学校的目的是帮助建立一种文化,所以用 to do 不定式。故填 to help。 6.考查介词。句意:这将为学生带来更好的结果,无论是在他们的幸福和学术成就方面。表示“为了”应用介 词 for。表示为学生带来更好的结果。故填 for。 7.考查名词。句意:最近的研究表明,当青少年的焦虑情绪达到创纪录的水平时,体育活动可以改善大脑功 能,并使身心平静下来。此处作从句的主语应用名词形式。名词 anxiety 意为“焦虑”。故填 anxiety。 8.考查现在完成时和被动语态。句意:到目前为止,McColl 的决定得到了家长们的支持,包括萨塞克斯大 学的心理学家 Sam Cartwright-Hatton,他在 9 月份学校开学前给政府写了一封信,呼吁开设新的、更有创意 的课程来帮助孩子们重新回到课堂上。根据时间状语 so far 可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词 support(支 持)和主语 decision 构成被动关系,且主语为第三人称单数。故填 has been supported。 9.考查定语从句。句意:到目前为止,McColl 的决定得到了家长们的支持,包括萨塞克斯大学的心理学家 Sam Cartwright-Hatton,他在 9 月份学校开学前给政府写了一封信,呼吁开设新的、更有创意的课程来帮助 孩子们重新回到课堂上。空格处引导定语从句,定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为 Sam Cartwright-Hatton, 指人,所以应用关系代词 who。故填 who。 10.考查现在分词。句意:McColl 建议准备圣诞节考试的学生们在复习课间到当地的公园去荡秋千。动词 prepare(准备)和逻辑主语 students 构成主动关系,所以用现在分词的一般式的主动作后置定语。故填 preparing。

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