2010届高考英语新题型·填词

2010届高考英语新题型·填词   1 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3l-40的相应位置上。 A jobless man applied for the position of “office boy” at a big firm. The HR manager ___31__ (interview) him, then a test: clean the floor. “You are hired,” he said, “give me your email address, ___32__ I’ll send you the application to fill.” The man replied “I don’t have a computer, ___33__ an email”. “I’m sorry,” said the HR manager, “that means you do not exist. And ___34__ doesn’t exist cannot have the job.” The man left ___35__ no hope at all. He didn’t know what to do, with only $10 in his pocket. He then decided to go to the supermarket and buy a 10 KG tomato crate. He then sold the tomatoes in a door to door round. In less than two hours, he ___36__ (success) in doubling his capital. He repeated the operation 3 times, and returned home with $60. 5 years later, the man is one of the ___37__ (big) food retailers(零售商) in the US. He started to plan his family’s future, and decided to have a life insurance. He called ___38__ insurance broker, and chose a protection plan. When the conversation was concluded, the broker asked him his email. The man replied: “I don’t have an email”. The broker replied ___39__ (curious), “You don’t have an email, and yet have established an empire! Do you imagine ___40__ you could have been if you had an email? The man thought for a while, and replied: “An office boy!”       Keys: 31. interviewed  这里应填谓语动词的过去时，HR manager: 人力资源部经理。  32. and  “Do sth., and sb./sth. will…”是一个常见句型，例如：Use your head, and you’ll find a way. 33. neither /nor /or  若上句是否定句，则后一句常用neither或nor表示“也不，也没有”。 另外，在否定句中的并列连词不用and多用or。 34. whoever 在这里作主语引导主语从句，整句意思是“凡是不存在的人都不能拥有这份工作。”   35. with  with no hope at all= without any hope: 不怀任何希望。 36. succeeded  此处缺少谓语动词。 37. biggest 这里应该用形容词的最高级形式，在one of the + 形容词+名词的结构里，形容词应是最高级形式，例如：She is one of the most diligent students in our class. 38. an  an insurance broker：一个保险经纪人 39. curiously 这里应填副词作状语修饰动词replied。 40. what 引导宾语从句，在从句中作have been的表语。整个宾语从句用了虚拟语气，意思是：“要是你有email，那你又该成了什么样的人哪？” 2 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的 词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3l-40的相应位置上。 There was once a boy who had a temper. His father gave him a bag of nails and told him that every time he lost his temper, he ___31__ hammer a nail into the back of the fence.    The first day the boy ___32__(drive)37 nails into the fence. Over the next few weeks as he learned to control his anger, the number of nails hammered ___33__ (gradual) decreased. He discovered ___34__ was easier to hold his temper than to drive nails into the fence. 　Finally the day came ___35__ he didn’t lose his temper. He told his father and his father suggested that the boy now___36__ (pull) out one nail for each day so that he was able to hold his anger. The days passed and the boy told his father that all the nails were gone.    The father took the boy ___37__ the hand and led him to the fence. He said, “Look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same. When you say things in anger; they leave a scar (疤痕) just like the___38__ on the fence. It won’t matter how many times you say I am sorry,  ___39__ wound is still there. A verbal wound is as bad as a physical one. Friends are very rare. They make you smile and encourage you ___40__ (success). They lend an ear, and always want to open their hearts to us.”       Keys: 31. must 根据上下文，这里应该填意为“必须”的情态动词  32. drove  此处应该是谓语动词的过去式。 33. gradually  这里需要副词修饰动词decreased，意为“逐渐减少”。 34. it  这里作形式主语指代后面的不定式短语。 35. when  引导定语从句修饰主语the day，因谓语动词太短仅came一个词，故将从句后置。全句意思是：他不发脾气的那一天终于到来了。 36.(should) pull  suggest (建议)后的宾语从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即should + V-原形，should 可省略。 37. by  take sb.by the hand是习惯搭配，凡表示“拉、拖、握、揪、牵”等意思的英语动词都是这个搭配，即take/seize/pull/lead…sb. by the sleeve/hair/arm/nose/ear…。 38. ones  指代上文的scar，这里用复数指代篱笆上被钉子顶过的洞痕。 39. the   wound在这里是特指前面提到的疤痕scar，故应该加定冠词。 40. to succeed 鼓励某人做某事：encourage sb. to do sth. 。 [NextPage] 3 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的 词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3l-40的相应位置上。   An old man who lived in a small street in the city of Mumbai had to put up ___31__ the nuisance (烦心事) of having boys play cricket outside his house at night.   One evening when the boys were ___32__ (particular) noisy, he went out to talk to them. He explained that he was happiest ___33__ he could see or hear boys playing his favourite game, cricket. He said he would give them 25 rupees (卢比) each week to play in the street at night.    The boys were thrilled. They were being paid to do something they enjoyed! At the end of the first week they ___34__ (knock) at the old man’s door and asked him to pay them, and so he did.    The second week when they asked for  ___35__ (pay) he said he had run out of money and sent them away with only 15 rupees. The third week the man said he had not ___36__ received his pension and gave them only 10 rupees. The boys were very ___37__ (disappoint) but there was not much they could do about ___38__. The fourth week the man said he could not afford to pay them 25 rupees ___39__ he had promised, but would give them 5 rupees each week without fail. 　This was too much for the boys. “You expect us to play seven days ___40__ week for a merely 5 rupees!” they yelled. “Go to blazes.” They stormed away and never played on the street again.       Keys: 31. with  put up with是一个词组，意为“忍耐，忍受”。 32. particularly   修饰形容词noisy应该用副词。 33. when   在这里引导一个时间装语从句。 34.knocked   此处应该是谓语动词的过去式。 35. payment  介词后面应该用名词，ask for payment：索要报酬。 36. yet  在否定句式中用yet，表示“尚未”。 37. disappointed 感到失望的。Disappointing是“令人失望的” 38. it 指代“要钱”这件事。 39. as 在这里引导一个方式状语从句，意思是：按照先前承诺的那样。 40. a a week = per week, every week   4 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的 词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3l-40的相应位置上。 Many years ago, when I worked as a volunteer at Stanford Hospital, I got to know a little girl ___31__(name) Liz who was suffering from a rare and serious disease. Her only chance of recovery appeared to be a blood transfusion（输血） ___32__ her 5-year-old brother, ___33__ had miraculously survived the same disease and had developed the antibodies needed to fight the ___34__(ill). The doctor explained the situation to her little brother, and asked the boy if he would be willing to give his blood to his sister. I saw him hesitate for a moment ___35__ taking a deep breath and saying, “Yes, I’ll do it ___36__ it can save Liz.” ___37__ the transfusion progressed, he lay in bed next to his sister and smiled, as we all did, ___38__(see) the color returning to her cheeks. Then ___39__ face grew pale and his smile faded. He looked up at the doctor and asked with a trembling voice, “Will I start to die right away?” Being young, the boy had___40__(understand) the doctor; he thought he was going to have to give his sister all of his blood.       Keys: 31. named  过去分词作定语，相当于定语从句：who was named。 32. from  根据上下文应填介词from：从她弟弟身体输血给她。 33. who  引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。 34. illness 填名词作fight的宾语。 35.before  根据上下文应填before。全句意思是：“ 我看见他犹豫了片刻才深吸一口气说……”。Before 可以根据上下文译成汉语的“才……”或者“就……”。例如：It was only half an hour before I finished all my homework. 仅半个小时我就完成了所有的作业。 36. if  全句意思是：“如果（输血）能够挽救莉紫，我愿意这样做。” 37. As  在这里是“随着”的意思。 38. seeing  现在分词作主要动作lay（躺着）的伴随状语。 39. his  他姐姐的脸上慢慢有了颜色（the color returning to her cheeks），而他自己的脸却变得苍白起来，因为把血输给了姐姐。 40 misunderstood 根据后文“他以为（he thought…）”，证明小男孩是误解了医生。 [NextPage] 5 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31—40的相应位置上。 As I think back I realize how hard it is to view the world ____31____ the eyes of my childhood. ____32____ child’s mind is still filled with the idea that anything and everything is possible. They haven’t begun building the mental walls yet. Watch a child ____33____(learn) to walk and it’s amazing. No matter how many times they fall down, they hop back up ____34____ they instinctively know that eventually they’ll be able to walk. They don’t have to worry what ____35____ think. They have no need to put up a front(讲面子). They are who they are. But somewhere along the line they learn to be ____36____(practice). Their creativity is blocked over time, as the world ____37____(teach) them to fit in. Eventually they don’t bounce back as fast when they fail. Learning is now something you have to do ____38____ is very boring and unpleasant. You and I ____39____ tear down those walls that are closing in and start fresh. It’s time to bring back that sense of joy and wonder. When you’re setting your goals for the New Year, think like a child. Set your goals as if ____40____ is possible.     Keys: 本文作者主要是告诫我们要像小孩一样，不要在乎别人，跌倒了，爬起来，继续努力，相信什么事都是可能的。 31. through 用through the eyes of表示“在……看来”。 32. a 表示在泛指的“任何一个”小孩的头脑中，故用不定冠词。 33. learning 在watch后作宾补，用动词原形或动词的-ing形式；又由语境可知，小孩摔倒是在正在学走路的过程中，故用learning更好。 34. because 因与两句间没有连词，应填连词；后句是前句的原因，故用because引导原因状语从句。 35. others 在宾语从句中作主语，一定是名词或代词；泛指的“别人”用代词others。 36. practical 作表语，用形容词。 37. teaches 在句中作谓语，且由语境判断是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单词，故填teaches。 38. that 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是something，多用关系代词that引导。 39. can 因谓语动词tear是原形，所以前面可能是情态动词；由上下文的语气可知，作者认为“你和我”都“能够”拆卸这些墙。 40. anything 由语气或第一段第二句可知，用表示“任何事”的anything较适合。   6 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31—40的相应位置上。   You must first set your goals if you are to accomplish anything in a big way. Goals give you a starting place and a destination. People ____31____ goals succeed because they know ____32____ they’re going. Plant your dreams, nourish and begin to live them. ____33____ most important thing about a goal is having one. The first law of success is concentration. Bend ____34____ of your energies to one point, and go directly to that point, looking neither to the right nor the left. Concentration is the magic key ____35____ opens the door to accomplishment. Success is the result of well directed energy. You can, in time, become what you earnestly desire to be, if you set your face in the direction of the things you want and bring all your powers to bear towards its ____36____ (attain). When your physical and mental resources ____37____ (focus), your power to solve problems multiplies tremendously. To do two things at once is to do neither. Nothing can add ____38____ power to your life as much as ____39____ (concentrate) all your energies on a limited set of targets. The sun’s rays do not burn ____40____ brought to a focus.     Keys: 本文主要告诫人们要想成功就必须确立目标，而且只有一个目标，然后专心致志集中在这一个目标上，这是成功的定律。 31. with 已有主语people，名词goals不作主语或宾语，前面一定是填介词，以便作介词的宾语；表示“有”，用介词with。 32. where 在动词know后应为宾语从句，由are going可知，用表示地点的where引导。 33. The 作定语的形容词最高级前用the。 34. all 作bend的宾语，应为名词或代词；由语境可知，是将“全部”精力集中到一点，故用代词all。 35. that 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which。 36. attainment 在介词(towards)或者形容词性物主代词(its)后，一定是用名词形式。 37. are focused 因主语resources与focus是被动关系，且由语境可知，是一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。 38. more 由语境可知，是Nothing与concentrating all your energies作比较。 39. concentrating 在比较状语从句中用主语，用动词的形—ing式。 40. until 引导省略了they are的时间状语从句，not…until…(直到……才……)是个较固定的句型。 [NextPage] 7 仔细阅读下面短文并按照语境完成填空（每空只能填一个词），注意语法、词性、词形变化等。并将答案填写在答题卡标号为48-55的相应位置上。 We are what we eat because what we eat every day has a great 48.       on our health. Therefore, we should make every effort to change our bad eating habits. 49.       we all know, baked or fried foods may be tasty, 50.___   eating too much of them will probably result in some illnesses. Moreover, some food that costs us a great deal of money and is not healthy is junk food. What people like to eat 51.        from culture to culture. 52.        with people in the West, Chinese people used to eat more grain and vegetables, and 53.       meat, which is a good eating habit. However, things are quite different now. With the rapid economic growth of our country, we now also eat a lot of food that is high in sugar and fat. We are 54.        risk eating out without considering the balance of our diet. The food we choose affects our health, 55.       we must keep it in mind that the food we choose should give us the nutrients we need.     Keys: 48. effect / impact / influence           49. As        50. but          51. varies / differs        52. Compared        53. less                54. at        55. so       8 I never expected that I would be so busy. Why can’t there be 25 hours a day?” complained Lou Ran in Hong Kong as final exams were going on. The 18-year-old girl was Fujian Province’s ___48__ scorer in last year’s college entrance examination. After leaving school, she chose the Chinese University of Hong Kong __49__ both Peking University and Tsinghus University promised her a place. “I want to experience a more international school and social life in Hong Kong. I’m __50__ in journalism, so Hong Kong will surely help widen my horizons,” Liu said. It is about four months since Liu Ran set __51_ on Hong Kong. She missed home a lot at the beginning, because of the food and __52__problems. “The canteen offers mostly Western or Guangdong food, but it’s convenient to cook for ourselves in our dorm if we like. People speak Cantonese and almost all classes are in English,” Liu explained. Her English and Cantonese are now improving, but she still needs more __53_ to adapt to the new environment. “I’m happy that I made the right __54__ to study here. With a mix of the Eastern and Western__55__, there is so much to discover and learn,” she said.     Keys: 48. top/ highest。 从下文她既可以进北大也可以进清华，最后选择进入香港大学学习，说明这个女孩是福建省去年的高考最高分. 49. although / though。 句意是“（高中）毕业后，尽管北京大学和清华大学都录取了她，但她选择了中国香港大学学习。”从语法角度看是让步关系。 50. majoring / interested. Lou Ran 在香港大学学习， 她主修新闻专业。注意用现在进行时。 51. foot。 set foot on…“踏上……”属于固定搭配。 52. language。 从下文“People speak Cantonese and almost all classes are in English.”可知， 她面临的是食物和语言问题。 53. time。 根据语境可以知道她仍然需要时间适应新的环境。 54. choice / decision。 句意是“我很高兴我做出了正确的选择/决定来到这里学习”。 55. cultures。 根据文化背景知识可知香港融合了东西文化， 是个国际化的大都市。